{"id":98609,"date":"2026-02-04T00:28:26","date_gmt":"2026-02-03T23:28:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=98609"},"modified":"2026-02-04T05:27:20","modified_gmt":"2026-02-04T04:27:20","slug":"boj-o-vliv-v-zapadni-africe-francie-pripravuje-neokolonialni-prevraty","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/02\/04\/boj-o-vliv-v-zapadni-africe-francie-pripravuje-neokolonialni-prevraty\/","title":{"rendered":"Boj o vliv v z\u00e1padn\u00ed Africe: Francie p\u0159ipravuje neokoloni\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159evraty"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Afrika se st\u00e1v\u00e1 ar\u00e9nou tich\u00e9 v\u00e1lky mezi upadaj\u00edc\u00edm imperialismem a nov\u00fdmi glob\u00e1ln\u00edmi hr\u00e1\u010di. Neokolonialismus se t\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed, zat\u00edmco Rusko a \u010c\u00edna utv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed novou politickou krajinu a nab\u00edzej\u00ed alternativu k z\u00e1padn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edstup\u016fm. Francie mezit\u00edm p\u0159ipravuje neokoloni\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159evraty v africk\u00fdch zem\u00edch.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ozn\u00e1mila\u00a0<\/span>to<\/span><\/a>\u00a02. \u00fanora rusk\u00e1 Slu\u017eba zahrani\u010dn\u00ed rozv\u011bdky (SVR).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eTiskov\u00e1 kancel\u00e1\u0159 Slu\u017eby zahrani\u010dn\u00ed rozv\u011bdky Rusk\u00e9 federace uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee podle informac\u00ed, kter\u00e9 SVR obdr\u017eela, administrativa [francouzsk\u00e9ho prezidenta Emmanuela] Macrona aktivn\u011b hled\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti k politick\u00e9 pomst\u011b v Africe,\u201c uv\u00e1d\u00ed se v prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Podle SVR Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017e studuje zp\u016fsoby, jak svrhnout nov\u00e9ho prezidenta Madagaskaru a \u201eobnovit loaj\u00e1ln\u00ed re\u017eim\u201c. D\u00e1le byla prok\u00e1z\u00e1na \u00fa\u010dast Francie na pokusu o p\u0159evrat v Burkin\u011b Faso 3. ledna 2025, kter\u00fd byl zma\u0159en.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Bylo up\u0159esn\u011bno, \u017ee \u00fakolem rebel\u016f je zavra\u017edit prezidenta Ibrahima Traor\u00e9ho. Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017e v\u011b\u0159ila, \u017ee \u00fasp\u011bch operace by obnovil moc v\u011brn\u00fdch sil a zasadil r\u00e1nu zast\u00e1nc\u016fm suverenity v cel\u00e9 Africe.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Navzdory tomuto ne\u00fasp\u011bchu francouzsk\u00e9 zpravodajsk\u00e9 slu\u017eby podle SVR pokra\u010duj\u00ed ve snaze destabilizovat situaci v \u201ene\u017e\u00e1douc\u00edch\u201c zem\u00edch sahelsko-saharsk\u00e9ho regionu. K tomuto \u00fa\u010delu vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed m\u00edstn\u00ed teroristick\u00e9 skupiny a tak\u00e9 Ukrajinu, kter\u00e1\u00a0bojovn\u00edk\u016fm\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>poskytuje drony a instruktory.<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Vlna vojensk\u00fdch p\u0159evrat\u016f v z\u00e1padn\u00ed Africe v posledn\u00edch letech vedla ke svr\u017een\u00ed volen\u00fdch autorit. Tento proces m\u00e1 podobu tich\u00e9ho boje o vliv, kter\u00fd transformuje politickou rovnov\u00e1hu v regionu, ani\u017e by ji uvrhl do otev\u0159en\u00e9 v\u00e1lky.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Obdob\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00e9 na kontinentu jako \u201etich\u00e1 v\u00e1lka\u201c odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed temnou realitu, v n\u00ed\u017e se osudy n\u00e1rod\u016f rozhoduj\u00ed dupotem vojensk\u00fdch bot v chodb\u00e1ch moci. Region, kde nedoch\u00e1z\u00ed k p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdm konfrontac\u00edm, se st\u00e1v\u00e1 ar\u00e9nou skryt\u00e9ho konfliktu, kter\u00fd se odehr\u00e1v\u00e1 prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm p\u0159evrat\u016f, sankc\u00ed, bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch dohod a ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch protest\u016f.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Neexistuje ani \u00fapln\u00e9 zni\u010den\u00ed, ani skute\u010dn\u00fd m\u00edr. Z\u00e1padn\u00ed Afrika proch\u00e1z\u00ed jedn\u00edm z nejbolestiv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch obdob\u00ed ve sv\u00e9 historii, \u201edomino efektem\u201c doprov\u00e1zen\u00fdm postupn\u00fdm p\u00e1dem civiln\u00edch vl\u00e1d.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Vojensk\u00e9 p\u0159evraty, k nim\u017e v regionu do\u0161lo v posledn\u00edch p\u011bti letech, radik\u00e1ln\u011b zm\u011bnily politickou krajinu bez otev\u0159en\u00fdch boj\u016f. Re\u017eimy, kter\u00e9 se dostaly k moci se slibem zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti, se v\u0161ak pot\u00fdkaj\u00ed s v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdmi obt\u00ed\u017eemi p\u0159i dosahov\u00e1n\u00ed stability.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Podle anal\u00fdzy dat z ACLED (Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project), Africk\u00e9 unie, Glob\u00e1ln\u00edho indexu terorismu (GTI) a Afrobarometru nep\u0159inesly p\u0159evraty stabilitu, a to navzdory slib\u016fm o bezpe\u010dnosti, a region se nad\u00e1le formuje v kontextu v\u00edce\u00farov\u0148ov\u00e9ho boje o vliv, ani\u017e by p\u0159er\u016fstal v otev\u0159enou v\u00e1lku.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Podle\u00a0<\/span>organizace ACLED<\/span><\/a>\u00a0se v letech 2020 a\u017e 2024 v Africe odehr\u00e1lo nejm\u00e9n\u011b dev\u011bt vojensk\u00fdch p\u0159evrat\u016f, z toho p\u011bt v z\u00e1padoafrick\u00fdch zem\u00edch. Data Africk\u00e9 unie ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee klesaj\u00edc\u00ed trend po\u010dtu p\u0159evrat\u016f po skon\u010den\u00ed studen\u00e9 v\u00e1lky se v posledn\u00edch p\u011bti letech obr\u00e1til.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Proces, kter\u00fd za\u010dal nevratn\u00fdmi kroky v Mali v srpnu 2020, uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee p\u0159evraty ot\u0159\u00e1sly nejen malijskou vl\u00e1dou, ale i zaveden\u00fdm region\u00e1ln\u00edm \u0159\u00e1dem. Tato dynamika byla v Guineji v roce 2021 pos\u00edlena po z\u00e1sahu speci\u00e1ln\u00edch jednotek. V roce 2022 se burkinsk\u00e1 arm\u00e1da dvakr\u00e1t b\u011bhem jednoho roku chopila moci pod heslem \u201ez\u00e1chrany n\u00e1roda\u201c. V \u010dervenci 2023 byly v Nigeru, zemi bohat\u00e9 na uran, ale chud\u00e9, uzav\u0159eny dve\u0159e civiln\u00ed vl\u00e1dy. A\u010dkoli roky 2024 a 2025 nebyly v n\u011bkolika hlavn\u00edch m\u011bstech, od Guineje-Bissau po Sierru Leone, poznamen\u00e1ny \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdmi p\u0159evraty, ot\u00e1zka \u201ekdo bude dal\u0161\u00ed?\u201c nad\u00e1le vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 nevyslovenou \u00fazkost.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Navzdory rozd\u00edln\u00fdm podm\u00ednk\u00e1m v t\u011bchto zem\u00edch jsou ospravedln\u011bn\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00edch p\u0159evrat\u016f do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry podobn\u00e1: bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed probl\u00e9my, obvin\u011bn\u00ed z korupce a r\u00e9torika, \u017ee civiln\u00ed org\u00e1ny \u201enereprezentuj\u00ed v\u016fli n\u00e1roda\u201c…\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Podle expert\u016f opakov\u00e1n\u00ed tohoto argumentu zp\u016fsobuje, \u017ee p\u0159evraty p\u0159est\u00e1vaj\u00ed b\u00fdt vn\u00edm\u00e1ny jako v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e9 krize a za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed se podobat \u201e\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9mu p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu\u201c.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Podle\u00a0<\/span>Glob\u00e1ln\u00edho indexu terorismu z roku 2025<\/span><\/a>\u00a0se oblast Sahelu stala glob\u00e1ln\u00edm epicentrem terorismu. Za posledn\u00edch p\u011bt let se za vojensk\u00fdch re\u017eim\u016f, kter\u00e9 se dostaly k moci ve jm\u00e9nu \u201ebezpe\u010dnosti\u201c, po\u010det ob\u011bt\u00ed teroristick\u00fdch \u00fatok\u016f t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ztrojn\u00e1sobil. V Burkin\u011b Faso z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 40 % \u00fazem\u00ed \u0161edou z\u00f3nou, mimo efektivn\u00ed kontrolu \u00fast\u0159edn\u00edch org\u00e1n\u016f.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Informace od mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch organizac\u00ed ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee ne v\u0161echny vojensk\u00e9 intervence v z\u00e1padn\u00ed Africe byly \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9. Podle zpr\u00e1v ACLED a Africk\u00e9 unie byly v regionu mezi lety 2020 a 2024 zma\u0159eny nejm\u00e9n\u011b \u010dty\u0159i pokusy o p\u0159evrat. V roce 2022 byl pokus o p\u0159evrat v Guineji-Bissau potla\u010den a bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed s\u00edly v Sie\u0159e Leone a Gambii zabr\u00e1nily vm\u011b\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed do spr\u00e1vy zem\u011b.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Odborn\u00edci poukazuj\u00ed na to, \u017ee tyto p\u0159\u00edklady ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee \u0159et\u011bzov\u00e1 reakce nen\u00ed automatick\u00e1, ale \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 p\u0159evraty maj\u00ed na arm\u00e1dy v regionu mnohem siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed psychologick\u00fd vliv ne\u017e ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 pokusy.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Star\u00fd \u0159\u00e1d, v z\u00e1padn\u00ed Africe popisovan\u00fd jako neokoloni\u00e1ln\u00ed, se rozpad\u00e1 na pozad\u00ed sn\u00ed\u017een\u00e9 francouzsk\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edtomnosti. Francie, l\u00e9ta vn\u00edm\u00e1na jako \u201epolicista\u201c regionu, nyn\u00ed \u010del\u00ed protest\u016fm v ulic\u00edch Bamaka a Niamey.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Rozhodnut\u00ed o sankc\u00edch Hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho spole\u010denstv\u00ed z\u00e1padoafrick\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f (ECOWAS) uvalen\u00e1 v letech 2020 a\u017e 2024 se nikdy neprojevila \u00fa\u010dinnou vojenskou intervenc\u00ed a praxe Africk\u00e9 unie pozastavovat \u010dlenstv\u00ed zem\u00ed po p\u0159evratech nezabr\u00e1nila prodlou\u017een\u00fdm p\u0159echodn\u00fdm re\u017eim\u016fm.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Pot\u00e9, co se ECOWAS b\u011bhem krize v Nigeru st\u00e1hlo, se Konfederace st\u00e1t\u016f Sahelu, vytvo\u0159en\u00e1 Mali, Burkinou Faso a Nigerem, stala novou strukturou symbolizuj\u00edc\u00ed distancov\u00e1n\u00ed regionu od Z\u00e1padu.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Jedn\u00edm z kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch faktor\u016f, kter\u00e9 st\u00e1ly za s\u00e9ri\u00ed p\u0159evrat\u016f, bylo vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edchoz\u00edch uchopen\u00ed moci jako \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdch. P\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed vojensk\u00e9ho re\u017eimu v Mali, navzdory sankc\u00edm, se stalo povzbudiv\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem pro d\u016fstojn\u00edky v Burkin\u011b Faso a Nigeru. Region\u00e1ln\u00ed analytici si v\u0161\u00edmaj\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed logiky v arm\u00e1d\u011b: \u201eKdy\u017e to fungovalo u souseda, pro\u010d ne tady?\u201c\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Odborn\u00edci se ob\u00e1vaj\u00ed, \u017ee vlna p\u0159evrat\u016f v z\u00e1padn\u00ed Africe by se mohla st\u00e1t novou politickou \u201enormou\u201c pro tento region. V\u00edt\u011bz t\u00e9to tich\u00e9 v\u00e1lky se teprve mus\u00ed ur\u010dit, ale pora\u017een\u00fdmi se i nyn\u00ed zdaj\u00ed b\u00fdt miliony Afri\u010dan\u016f \u017eij\u00edc\u00edch v chronick\u00e9 politick\u00e9 nestabilit\u011b.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Pr\u016fzkumy\u00a0<\/span>Afrobarometru<\/span><\/a>\u00a0v Mali a Burkin\u011b Faso ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee po p\u0159evratech je d\u016fv\u011bra v arm\u00e1du vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e v civiln\u00ed org\u00e1ny. V Mali pod\u00edl respondent\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed pova\u017euj\u00ed arm\u00e1du za spolehlivou, p\u0159esahuje 60 %, zat\u00edmco d\u016fv\u011bra ve zvolenou vl\u00e1du je men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 35 %. V Burkin\u011b Faso klesl pod\u00edl t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed pova\u017euj\u00ed demokracii za \u201enejlep\u0161\u00ed formu vl\u00e1dy za v\u0161ech okolnost\u00ed\u201c, z p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 60 % v roce 2018 na m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e 40 % v roce 2023. Tato data nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee p\u0159evraty nejsou \u017eiveny ani tak p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdmi spole\u010densk\u00fdmi po\u017eadavky, jako sp\u00ed\u0161e rostouc\u00ed \u00fanavou z demokracie.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Redukce vojensk\u00fdch intervenc\u00ed v z\u00e1padn\u00ed Africe na pouhou rivalitu mezi vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi silami se zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt nedostate\u010dn\u00e1. Zem\u011b v regionu \u010del\u00ed teroristick\u00fdm \u00fatok\u016fm, ekonomick\u00fdm kriz\u00edm a rostouc\u00edmu zoufalstv\u00ed mezi mlad\u00fdmi lidmi. Oslaben\u00ed civiln\u00ed kontroly nad ozbrojen\u00fdmi silami v mnoha zem\u00edch vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed jak podm\u00ednky, tak i p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti pro st\u00e1tn\u00ed p\u0159evraty.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00e9rie st\u00e1tn\u00edch p\u0159evrat\u016f od Mali po Niger nazna\u010duje boj o vliv na v\u00edce \u00farovn\u00edch. Tento boj nen\u00ed formov\u00e1n pouze vnit\u0159n\u00edmi krizemi, ale tak\u00e9 glob\u00e1ln\u00ed konkurenc\u00ed, kter\u00e1 sah\u00e1 od Francie po Rusko a \u010c\u00ednu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Serge Savigny<\/span><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Afrika se st\u00e1v\u00e1 ar\u00e9nou tich\u00e9 v\u00e1lky mezi upadaj\u00edc\u00edm imperialismem a nov\u00fdmi glob\u00e1ln\u00edmi hr\u00e1\u010di. Neokolonialismus se…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":98610,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1271,1042,130,2819],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/98609"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=98609"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/98609\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/98610"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=98609"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=98609"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=98609"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}