{"id":97742,"date":"2026-01-25T05:56:11","date_gmt":"2026-01-25T04:56:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=97742"},"modified":"2026-01-25T05:56:11","modified_gmt":"2026-01-25T04:56:11","slug":"jane-kaufman-co-se-doopravdy-stalo-ve-venezuele-a-proc-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/01\/25\/jane-kaufman-co-se-doopravdy-stalo-ve-venezuele-a-proc-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Jane Kaufman: Co se doopravdy stalo ve Venezuele a pro\u010d?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed I. \u010d\u00e1sti: <\/em>\u00a0Co se doopravdy stalo ve Venezuele a pro\u010d?<\/a><\/em><\/h4>\n

Ten hlavn\u00ed d\u016fvod[1]<\/a>, pro\u010d k napaden\u00ed Venezuely v\u016fbec do\u0161lo je, \u017ee Maduro a p\u0159ed n\u00edm Hugo Chavez nedovolili Spojen\u00fdm st\u00e1t\u016fm venezuelsk\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed bohatstv\u00ed vykr\u00e1st. Chavez vypudil ze zem\u011b americk\u00e9 firmy, kter\u00e9 tam piln\u011b v\u0161echny okr\u00e1daly a olej\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd pr\u016fmysl zn\u00e1rodnil. T\u00edm se samoz\u0159ejm\u011b nesm\u00edrn\u011b provinil proti loupe\u017eiv\u00fdm americk\u00fdm z\u00e1m\u011br\u016fm a nepomohlo mu ani to, \u017ee vypuzen\u00fdm firm\u00e1m zaplatil za jejich majetky tr\u017en\u00ed cenu.<\/p>\n

Americk\u00e1 historick\u00e1 nadvl\u00e1da v\u00a0olej\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9m sektoru z\u00e1visela pln\u011b na strategick\u00fdch partnerstv\u00edch, technologick\u00fdch v\u00fdhod\u00e1ch a na syst\u00e9mu petrodolaru, kter\u00fd vznikl n\u011bkdy v\u00a01970. letech. Jen\u017ee postupem \u010dasu se situace zm\u011bnila. Obdobn\u00e9 zp\u016fsoby platby, kter\u00e9 nepou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed dolar, r\u016fznorod\u00e9 dodavatelsk\u00e9 \u0159et\u011bzce a konkuren\u010dn\u00ed zdroje zp\u016fsobily, \u017ee petrodolar u\u017e d\u00e1le nevl\u00e1dne. Je to jednoduch\u00e9, st\u00e1ty se zbavuj\u00ed americk\u00fdch dluhopis\u016f a Amerika chudne.<\/p>\n

Proto je kontrola nad obchodem s\u00a0kritick\u00fdmi surovinami tak d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 pro udr\u017een\u00ed jejich geopolitick\u00e9ho vlivu. Pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed nutn\u011b m\u00edt mo\u017enost ovliv\u0148ovat mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed trh a jeho ceny, pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed m\u00edt dozor nad ekonomick\u00fdmi n\u00e1sledky a uplat\u0148ovat v\u00a0tomto sm\u011bru svoje vlastn\u00ed strategick\u00e9 z\u00e1m\u011bry, v\u0161echny ve prosp\u011bch sebe sam\u00fdch.<\/p>\n

Ve Venezuele maj\u00ed v\u00a0\u00famyslu znovu vybudovat ch\u00e1traj\u00edc\u00ed dob\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed ropy a zmodernizovat celou produkci za \u00fa\u010delem vy\u0161\u0161\u00edho v\u00fdkonu. Tvrd\u00ed se, \u017ee uboh\u00fd stav je zavin\u011bn nedostatkem odborn\u00edk\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed ode\u0161li ze zem\u011b z\u00e1rove\u0148 s\u00a0ciz\u00edmi firmami, ale p\u0159itom v\u0161ichni zapom\u00ednaj\u00ed na nelidsk\u00e9 sankce, kter\u00e9 Amerika na tuto zemi uvalila, se z\u00e1m\u011brem zni\u010dit je. Tak\u017ee nap\u0159ed je cht\u011bli zni\u010dit a te\u010f je cht\u011bj\u00ed vybudovat \u2013 zaj\u00edmav\u00e9!<\/p>\n

Dne\u0161n\u00ed produkce je asi 800 000 barel\u016f ropy denn\u011b, zat\u00edm co produkce ke konci 1990. let byla 3,2 milion barel\u016f denn\u011b. Ten pokles je zp\u016fsoben jednak st\u00e1rnouc\u00ed infrastrukturou, nedostatkem nov\u00fdch technologick\u00fdch zlep\u0161en\u00ed a nedostatkem financ\u00ed. Pochopiteln\u011b, sankce Venezuelu zruinovaly natolik, \u017ee p\u0159es sv\u00e9 obrovsk\u00e9 bohatstv\u00ed upadla do b\u00eddy. Je to v\u00edc ne\u017e zjevn\u00e9, kdy\u017e jim Ameri\u010dan\u00e9 zak\u00e1zali ropu a plyn vyv\u00e1\u017eet, kde asi m\u011bli br\u00e1t pen\u00edze?<\/p>\n

Ameri\u010dan\u00e9 zjevn\u011b v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee s\u00a0kr\u00e1de\u017e\u00ed venezuelsk\u00e9 produkce ropy by mohli podpo\u0159it petrodolar v\u016f\u010di bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edc\u00edmu se nebezpe\u010d\u00ed BRICS plateb, veden\u00fdch ve\u00a0m\u011bn\u011b nakupuj\u00edc\u00edho st\u00e1tu. A jeliko\u017e ten hlavn\u00ed odb\u011bratel je \u010c\u00edna, tak se jedn\u00e1 vesm\u011bs o jejich j\u00fcan. I kdy\u017e dnes v\u00edce ne\u017e 60% v\u0161ech t\u011bchto transakc\u00ed je st\u00e1le je\u0161t\u011b placeno dolarem, je to podstatn\u00fd pokles ze 75% v\u00a0r. 2015.<\/p>\n

Jen\u017ee sankce, uvalen\u00e9 na \u010c\u00ednu, plus kr\u00e1de\u017ee jejich ropu transportuj\u00edc\u00edch lod\u00ed americk\u00fdmi kowboji jim n\u00e1kup t\u011bchto surovin nesm\u00edrn\u011b zt\u011b\u017euje. Je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee Trump jim chce d\u00e1le prod\u00e1vat venezuelskou ropu, ale za dolary, co\u017e by pak bylo bez sankc\u00ed. N\u011bco takov\u00e9ho by samoz\u0159ejm\u011b oslabilo BRICS finan\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m a to je, s\u00a0\u010d\u00edm Amerika mo\u017en\u00e1 \u010d\u00edt\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9m jsou vztahy mezi \u010c\u00ednou a Taiwanem. Kdyby se opravdu \u010cin\u011b poda\u0159ilo si Taiwan p\u0159ivlastnit, pak by t\u00edm z\u00edskala doslova monopol na v\u00fdrobou polovodi\u010d\u016f. To by ohrozilo situaci v\u00a0Americe, kter\u00e1 sp\u011bchala jak mohla, aby se s\u00a0\u010c\u00ednou znep\u0159\u00e1telila. Jak v\u00edme, celkem bezd\u016fvodn\u011b na n\u011b uvalovali sankce a \u010d\u00edtali jim obrovsk\u00e9 dovozn\u00ed clo.<\/p>\n

Jsou samoz\u0159ejm\u011b zp\u016fsoby, jak takovou politickou roztr\u017eku urovnat, ale dne\u0161n\u00ed politikov\u00e9 nejsou diplomati, aby je dovedli vyu\u017e\u00edt. Jsou to ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f hrub\u00ed barba\u0159i, kte\u0159\u00ed nejrad\u011bji jednaj\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00edm \u2013 tak, jako Trump.<\/p>\n

Z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00edm Venezuely by si ov\u0161em Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty zaru\u010dily \u010d\u00ednskou spolupr\u00e1ci, proto\u017ee \u010c\u00edna, s\u00a0odb\u011brem p\u0159evy\u0161uj\u00edc\u00edm 11 milion\u016f barel\u016f ropy denn\u011b, co\u017e je hlavn\u011b z\u00a0Venezuely, m\u00e1 t\u00e9to suroviny nutnou pot\u0159ebu. Ropa z\u00a0Venezuely je tak zvan\u00e1 t\u011b\u017ek\u00e1 ropa, hust\u00e1 a \u0161patn\u011b tekouc\u00ed. Je vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na na v\u00fdrobu asfaltu, st\u0159e\u0161n\u00edch krytin a mazadel. Oproti tomu lehk\u00e1 ropa je na benzin a diesel. Ov\u0161em i z\u00a0t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 ropy je mo\u017eno tyto suroviny vyr\u00e1b\u011bt, kdy\u017e se p\u0159idaj\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed, pokro\u010dil\u00e9 procesy, jako je koksov\u00e1n\u00ed, hydrorafinace, vst\u0159ikov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u00e1ry.<\/p>\n

Je zde ale h\u00e1\u010dek. Dod\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm ropy spl\u00e1c\u00ed Venezuela \u010c\u00edn\u011b obrovskou, mnoha-miliardovou p\u016fj\u010dku, kterou jim tito poskytli na vylep\u0161en\u00ed ropn\u00e9 t\u011b\u017eby. Tak\u017ee \u010c\u00edna je jejich z\u00e1kazn\u00edk \u010d\u00edslo jedna. Co se stane, kdy\u017e tento dluh Venezuela nebude schopna spl\u00e1cet?!<\/p>\n

Tak\u00e9 Rusov\u00e9 zkou\u0161ej\u00ed uplatnit sv\u00e9 po\u017eadavky[2]<\/a>. Kdy\u017e americk\u00fd president Trump prohl\u00e1sil, \u017ee znovu vybuduje zni\u010den\u00fd ropn\u00fd pr\u016fmysl, rusk\u00e1 st\u00e1tn\u00ed firma Roszarube\u017en\u011bft se vyj\u00e1d\u0159ila, \u017ee ve\u0161ker\u00e1 aktiva, kter\u00e1 ve Venezuele vybudovali pat\u0159\u00ed pr\u00e1voplatn\u011b jim, proto\u017ee je koupili od st\u00e1tu na podklad\u011b platn\u00fdch obchodn\u00edch podm\u00ednek a v\u00a0pln\u00e9m souladu se z\u00e1kony bolivarsk\u00e9 republiky Venezuely.<\/p>\n

Firma Roszarube\u017en\u011bft koupila st\u00e1tem vlastn\u011bnou firmu Rosneft a v\u0161echna jej\u00ed aktiva spojen\u00e1 s\u00a0Venezuelou v\u00a0r. 2020 pot\u00e9, co US uvalily na tuto \u010d\u00e1st Rosneftu sankce. Roszarube\u017en\u011bft je rovn\u011b\u017e majetkem rusk\u00e9ho Ministerstva ekonomie. Pl\u00e1nuj\u00ed ve Venezuele postupn\u011b vylep\u0161it produkci jejich majetku, v\u00a0souladu s\u00a0po\u017eadavky jejich mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch partner\u016f.<\/p>\n

\u0160pan\u011blsk\u00fd novin\u00e1\u0159[3]<\/a> Lorenzo Ramirez je toho n\u00e1zoru, \u017ee US se zkou\u0161\u00ed Madurovi mst\u00edt za to, \u017ee p\u0159ij\u00edmal platby za ropu v\u00a0j\u00fcanech a v\u00a0jin\u00fdch m\u011bn\u00e1ch. Ameri\u010dan\u00e9 trvaj\u00ed na tom, aby byl v\u0161echen mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed obchod veden v\u00a0dolarech, jinak by toti\u017e ztratili mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed presti\u017e. Byli i jin\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed se zkou\u0161eli dolaru zbavit a v\u0161ichni dopadli \u0161patn\u011b, viz na p\u0159\u00edklad Libye.<\/p>\n

Argentinsk\u00fd dopisovatel Cristian Lamesa m\u00e1 za to, \u017ee tam, kde p\u0159ede\u0161l\u00e1, Bidenova administrace zkou\u0161ela sv\u011btov\u00e9 z\u00e1le\u017eitosti \u0159e\u0161it p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdm \u00fatokem na Rusko, Trump zkou\u0161\u00ed to stejn\u00e9, ale oklikou, pomoc\u00ed obchodn\u00edch p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eek, z\u00e1kaz\u016f, p\u0159\u00edkaz\u016f a sankc\u00ed. Pot\u00e9, co \u010c\u00edna zak\u00e1zala v\u00fdvoz vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch surovin do Ameriky, Trump zajal venezuelsk\u00e9ho presidenta Maduro, aby jim zastavil p\u0159\u00edsun ropy.<\/p>\n

Nejen sankce<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Sou\u010dasn\u00ed ameri\u010dt\u00ed olej\u00e1\u0159i nejsou z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00edm Venezuely nad\u0161eni. P\u0159i ned\u00e1vn\u00e9m jedn\u00e1n\u00ed jim president Trump nab\u00eddl spolupr\u00e1ci na vylep\u0161en\u00ed situace, zmodernizov\u00e1n\u00ed tamn\u00edho olej\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu a pod\u00edl na zisc\u00edch z\u00a0v\u00fdnosu, ale \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd z\u00a0nich neprojevil o tento projekt z\u00e1jem. Trump jim sliboval nekone\u010dnou podporu, odstran\u011bn\u00ed sankc\u00ed v\u016f\u010di Venezuele, ale ani to jim nesta\u010dilo. Jejich d\u016fv\u011bra byla ta tam a byli si dob\u0159e v\u011bdomi, \u017ee vl\u00e1d\u011b v\u011b\u0159it nemohou.<\/p>\n

A v\u016fbec, jak m\u016f\u017ee Trump n\u011bco takov\u00e9ho slibovat, kdy\u017e bude ve Washingtonu pouze dal\u0161\u00ed t\u0159i roky? Co potom? Co kdy\u017e dal\u0161\u00ed administrace v\u0161echna jeho rozhodnut\u00ed p\u0159evr\u00e1t\u00ed stejn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem, jako on s\u00e1m p\u0159evr\u00e1til skoro v\u0161echna Bidenova rozhodnut\u00ed?<\/p>\n

Trump je\u0161t\u011b ke v\u0161emu zjevn\u011b neum\u00ed p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161let ekonomicky[4]<\/a>. Kdyby tito lid\u00e9, vedouc\u00ed obrovsk\u00fdch olej\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch koncern\u016f, na jeho n\u00e1vrh p\u0159istoupili, to by znamenalo investici ve v\u00fd\u0161i asi $100 miliard a n\u00e1vratnost a\u017e asi za 15 let. To je p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoho pen\u011bz a p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 dlouh\u00e1 doba pro ty, kte\u0159\u00ed \u010dekaj\u00ed n\u00e1vrat nejd\u00e9le za p\u011bt let.<\/p>\n

Tak\u00e9 se zdr\u00e1haj\u00ed z\u00fa\u010dastnit se zjevn\u00e9 kr\u00e1de\u017ee ciz\u00edho majetku, kter\u00e9 se Amerika dopustila. N\u011bco takov\u00e9ho m\u016f\u017ee vy\u00fastit v\u00a0tak v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 pr\u00e1vn\u00ed spory, \u017ee s\u00a0t\u00edm nic necht\u011bj\u00ed m\u00edt. Co kdy\u017e, na p\u0159\u00edklad, dal\u0161\u00ed veden\u00ed Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f vyhl\u00e1s\u00ed n\u011bco takov\u00e9ho za nez\u00e1konn\u00e9 a za\u010dne trestat v\u0161echny z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00e9? To by znamenalo velk\u00e9 finan\u010dn\u00ed ztr\u00e1ty a t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 soudn\u00ed boje. Nejsp\u00ed\u0161 by v\u0161ichni ti velc\u00ed olej\u00e1\u0159i r\u00e1di jednali s\u00a0pr\u00e1voplatn\u00fdm venezuelsk\u00fdm veden\u00edm, ale bez ohro\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed Washingtonem a bez hroz\u00edc\u00ed n\u00e1siln\u00e9 zm\u011bny re\u017eimu.<\/p>\n

Stalo se ov\u0161em n\u011bco[5]<\/a>, co nikdo ne\u010dekal. Jeden z\u00a0hlavn\u00edch \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edk\u016f firmy Halliburton, kter\u00e1 tak\u00e9 operovala ve Venezuele prohl\u00e1sil na videu, kter\u00e9 ude\u0159ilo internet jako blesk, \u017ee jeho firma neopustila zemi z\u00a0vlastn\u00edho v\u00fdb\u011bru, kv\u016fli probl\u00e9m\u016fm s\u00a0v\u00fdrobou. Byli donuceni odej\u00edt sankcemi, kter\u00e1 Trumpova administrace na Venezuelu v\u00a0r. 2019 uvalila.<\/p>\n

Takov\u00e9 prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed, od jedn\u00e9 z\u00a0hlavn\u00edch vedouc\u00edch olej\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch firem je v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9m protikladu s\u00a0t\u00edm, co tvrd\u00ed Trump. Ukazuje to, \u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b jeho jedn\u00e1n\u00ed to bylo, kter\u00e9 vyhostilo americk\u00e9 podnikatele z\u00a0Venezuely. Co tam mohli podnikat, kdy\u017e americk\u00e9 Ministerstvo financ\u00ed vydalo na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 kriminalizovalo jak\u00fdkoliv finan\u010dn\u00ed nebo komer\u010dn\u00ed obchod se st\u00e1tem vlastn\u011bn\u00fdmi olej\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdmi firmami t\u00e9to zem\u011b. Nejen to, zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u011b zmrazilo v\u0161echny majetky firem, s\u00a0Venezuelou obchoduj\u00edc\u00edch.<\/p>\n

Firma Halliburton fungovala ve Venezuele d\u00e9le ne\u017e 60 let. Zab\u00fdvali se \u00fadr\u017ebou olejov\u00fdch pramen\u016f, jejich budov\u00e1n\u00edm a obsluhou. To je z\u00e1kladn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de, kter\u00e1 je v\u00a0tomto podnik\u00e1n\u00ed nutn\u00e1. Kdy\u017e ta chyb\u00ed, tak pak jde cel\u00fd pr\u016fmysl dol\u016f, a\u017e na nulu. Tak\u017ee americk\u00e9 sankce zni\u010dily dolov\u00e1n\u00ed ropy ve Venezuele, vypudily v\u0161echny ciz\u00ed podnikatele a uvrhly tuto zemi do hlubok\u00e9 chudoby.<\/p>\n

\u201eMuseli jsme odej\u00edt,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 nejmenovan\u00fd p\u0159edstavitel firmy Halliburton, \u201enem\u011bli jsme jinou mo\u017enost. Z\u016fstat a pokra\u010dovat v\u00a0pr\u00e1ci by znamenalo st\u00e1t proti americk\u00e9mu z\u00e1konu. Ministerstvo financ\u00ed to vyj\u00e1d\u0159ilo naprosto z\u0159eteln\u011b: spolupracujte s\u00a0venezuelsk\u00fdmi olej\u00e1\u0159i a jste vyhozeni z\u00a0finan\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

Do r. 2020 byly skoro v\u0161echny velk\u00e9 americk\u00e9 olej\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 firmy z\u00a0Venezuely pry\u010d. To zahrnovalo giganty jako je Schlumberger a Baker Hughes, kte\u0159\u00ed ode\u0161li, i kdy\u017e m\u011bli velmi v\u00fdhodn\u00e9 smlouvy a funk\u010dn\u00ed infrastrukturu p\u0159\u00edmo v\u00a0m\u00edst\u011b.<\/p>\n

N\u011bco takov\u00e9ho z\u0159eteln\u011b ukazuje na to, \u017ee sankce jsou dvojse\u010dn\u00e1 zbra\u0148 a \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u00fajmu utrp\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b ten, kdo sankce vydal. Sankce nejsou n\u00e1strojem moci, jak se n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e jsou to urychlova\u010de odcizen\u00ed d\u0159\u00edve p\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00fdch n\u00e1rod\u016f a jejich p\u0159imknut\u00ed se k\u00a0opozi\u010dn\u00ed stran\u011b, v\u010detn\u011b odlou\u010den\u00ed od finan\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu zem\u011b, kter\u00e1 sankce vydala.<\/p>\n

Washington n\u00e1m p\u0159edkl\u00e1d\u00e1 sankce jako \u2018m\u00edrov\u00e9 zbran\u011b\u2018, anebo \u2018n\u00e1stroje na propagov\u00e1n\u00ed demokracie\u2018 co\u017e je slabomysln\u00fd nesmysl a obrovsk\u00e9 pokrytectv\u00ed. Sankce jsou hrub\u00fdm poru\u0161en\u00edm mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch z\u00e1kon\u016f, proto\u017ee nejen \u017ee ignoruj\u00ed samostatnost st\u00e1tn\u00edch celk\u016f, ale je\u0161t\u011b uvaluj\u00ed kolektivn\u00ed trest na celou populaci zem\u011b. To zp\u016fsob\u00ed zastaven\u00ed jak dovozu, tak v\u00fdvozu, \u010d\u00edm\u017e dojde k\u00a0nedostatku produkt\u016f, kter\u00e9 pak v\u00a0zemi chyb\u00ed, jako na p\u0159\u00edklad stavebn\u00ed materi\u00e1ly, elektronick\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky, nemluv\u011b o nedostatku pot\u0159ebnost\u00ed, jako jsou l\u00e9ky a n\u011bkdy i nezbytn\u00e1 humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed pomoc.<\/p>\n

Tak\u00e9 Venezuela se po r. 2019 p\u0159imkla k\u00a0Rusku a Rosneft jim pom\u00e1hal s\u00a0\u00fadr\u017ebou olejov\u00fdch pramen\u016f. Stejn\u011b tak se spojili s\u00a0\u010c\u00ednou a s\u00a0Ir\u00e1nem a jejich odborn\u00edci postupn\u011b napravovali \u0161kody, vznikl\u00e9 vlivem americk\u00e9ho trestn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu. T\u00edm p\u00e1dem se odtrhli od Z\u00e1padu.<\/p>\n

Je je\u0161t\u011b n\u011bco jin\u00e9ho?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Ekonom Martin Armstrong dod\u00e1v\u00e1[6]<\/a> dal\u0161\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eitou informaci do cel\u00e9 z\u00e1hady. Tak, jak p\u0159ed \u00fatokem na Venezuelu ud\u011blaly americk\u00e9 lod\u011b blok\u00e1du na mo\u0159i a bombardovaly bezbrann\u00e9 ryb\u00e1\u0159e, rusk\u00fd z\u00e1konod\u00e1rce Alexej \u017duravljov \u0159ekl novin\u00e1\u0159\u016fm, \u017ee Rusov\u00e9 pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b dodaj\u00ed Venezuele rakety Ore\u0161nik a Kalibr. Ore\u0161nik m\u00e1 dost\u0159el skoro 5,5 tis\u00edce km a mohl by ohro\u017eovat v\u011bt\u0161inu Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f i s\u00a0Puerto Ricem. Kalibr dolet\u00ed 1,5 tis\u00edce a\u017e 2,5 tis\u00edce km a zvl\u00e1dl by snadno dozor nad ji\u017en\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed severn\u00ed Ameriky plus nad Karibikem a samoz\u0159ejm\u011b nad celou Ji\u017en\u00ed Amerikou, v\u010detn\u011b Mexika.<\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9 vztahy mezi Venezuelou, Ruskem a \u010c\u00ednou p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed snad nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed geopolitick\u00e9 spojen\u00ed dne\u0161n\u00ed doby. Za\u010dalo skromn\u011b, je\u0161t\u011b za presidenta Chaveze a dok\u00e1zalo Venezuele pomoci p\u0159eklenout se p\u0159es ni\u010div\u00e9 snahy Severn\u00ed Ameriky. Venezuela na\u0161la v\u00a0\u010c\u00edn\u011b ochotn\u00e9ho pomocn\u00edka pro svoji snahu zbavit se oblastn\u00ed nadvl\u00e1dy Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f. \u010c\u00edna jim za\u010dala poskytovat obrovsk\u00e9 finan\u010dn\u00ed p\u016fj\u010dky, kter\u00e9 byly spl\u00e1ceny dod\u00e1vkami ropy. Bohu\u017eel, Maduro se uk\u00e1zal \u0161patn\u00fd hospod\u00e1\u0159 a prakticky olej\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd pr\u016fmysl v\u00a0zemi ni\u010dil. \u010c\u00edna proto hledala dal\u0161\u00ed zdroje v\u00a0Ji\u017en\u00ed Americe a jejich nad\u0161en\u00ed pro\u00a0Venezuelu ochablo.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b dlu\u017e\u00ed Venezuela \u010c\u00edn\u011b v\u00edce ne\u017e $20 miliard, co\u017e jsou p\u016fj\u010dky, uzav\u0159en\u00e9 p\u0159ed r. 2017. \u010c\u00ednsk\u00e9 pen\u00edze financovaly hlavn\u011b infrastrukturu, zat\u00edm co Rusov\u00e9 dod\u00e1vali zbran\u011b. Od r. 2005 nakoupila Venezuela za v\u00edce ne\u017e $4 miliardy rusk\u00fdch zbran\u00ed. Byla to letadla, helikopt\u00e9ry, obrn\u011bn\u00e1 vozidla, protiletadlov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my.<\/p>\n

Rusk\u00e1 st\u00e1tn\u00ed olej\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 firma Rosneft poskytla Venezuele rovn\u011b\u017e obrovsk\u00e9 p\u016fj\u010dky a z\u00edskala tak pod\u00edly ve Venezuelsk\u00fdch projektech, z\u00e1rove\u0148 s\u00a0\u010c\u00ednou, ov\u0161em v\u00a0men\u0161\u00edm m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku. Rusko rovn\u011b\u017e pomohlo Venezuele do jist\u00e9 m\u00edry obej\u00edt americk\u00e9 sankce s\u00a0pomoc\u00ed slo\u017eit\u00fdch zasilatelsk\u00fdch transakc\u00ed a pom\u00e1halo jim sv\u00fdmi technologick\u00fdmi znalostmi odvr\u00e1tit naprost\u00fd \u00fapadek olej\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu.<\/p>\n

Soud proti Madurovi<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Soudn\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v\u00a0New Yorku ji\u017e za\u010dalo. Nap\u0159ed venezuelsk\u00e9ho presidenta potupn\u011b vozili po m\u011bst\u011b v\u00a0otev\u0159en\u00e9 dod\u00e1vce a vystavovali ho na odiv v\u0161em kolemjdouc\u00edm. Ale jak se za\u010daly kolem vozidla shroma\u017e\u010fovat davy, zav\u0159eli dve\u0159e a ujeli.<\/p>\n

P\u0159i soudn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed do\u0161lo k\u00a0nemal\u00e9mu p\u0159ekvapen\u00ed, kdy\u017e se soudc\u016fm poda\u0159ilo dok\u00e1zat, \u017ee \u2018Cartel de los Soles\u2018, z\u00a0jeho\u017e veden\u00ed byl Maduro obvi\u0148ov\u00e1n, prakticky neexistuje. Obvin\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se na tom zakl\u00e1dalo je t\u00edm p\u00e1dem neplatn\u00e9. Ov\u0161em s\u00a0podl\u00fdmi lidmi je v\u017edycky mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee si najdou jin\u00fd d\u016fvod, pro\u010d ho uv\u011bznit na n\u011bkolik \u017eivot\u016f. Kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 video na str\u00e1nce[7]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Bylo to obrovsk\u00e9 provin\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Jak \u0159\u00edk\u00e1[8]<\/a> Jeffrey Sachs, politick\u00fd ekonom a autor, napaden\u00ed Venezuely a zajet\u00ed jejich presidenta byl drz\u00fd, protiz\u00e1konn\u00fd a extr\u00e9mn\u011b nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd krok. Trumpovo chov\u00e1n\u00ed podle n\u011bho p\u0159ekra\u010duje v\u0161echny mo\u017enosti, kter\u00e9 mu americk\u00e1 \u00dastava d\u00e1v\u00e1, nemluv\u011b o mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch z\u00e1konech, kter\u00e9 n\u011bco takov\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edmo zakazuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u201eN\u00e1\u0161 president je krimin\u00e1ln\u00edk,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Sachs a zd\u016fraz\u0148uje v\u0161echny v\u00e1lky, kter\u00e9 Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty v\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b vedou. Podle n\u011bho, napaden\u00ed Venezuely a \u00fanos presidenta zvy\u0161uje riziko st\u00e1le \u0161ir\u0161\u00edho konfliktu, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee skon\u010dit jako jadern\u00e1 v\u00e1lka. Jestli\u017ee Americe n\u011bco takov\u00e9ho projde, to m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st pouze k\u00a0jejich zvy\u0161uj\u00edc\u00edmu se n\u00e1silnictv\u00ed po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/p>\n

Nejen krimin\u00e1ln\u00edk, ale i pir\u00e1t<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Americk\u00e1 n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed blok\u00e1da Venezuely zabavila ji\u017e n\u011bkolik lod\u00ed, kter\u00e9 vezly miliardov\u00fd n\u00e1klad ropy z\u00a0Venezuely. Poka\u017ed\u00e9 si n\u00e1klad nechali a lo\u010f tak\u00e9. Jeliko\u017e podle mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho z\u00e1kona nejsou opr\u00e1vn\u011bni vytvo\u0159it blok\u00e1du kolem svobodn\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu, pak jednaj\u00ed nez\u00e1konn\u011b a st\u00e1vaj\u00ed se z\u00a0nich pir\u00e1ti.<\/p>\n

\u201eMo\u017en\u00e1 tu ropu prod\u00e1me, mo\u017en\u00e1 si je nech\u00e1me,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Trump. \u201eA lod\u011b si t\u00e9\u017e ponech\u00e1me.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

Obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b se zam\u011b\u0159ili[9]<\/a> na rusk\u00e9 lod\u011b. Ruskou tankovac\u00ed lo\u010f \u2018Mariner\u2018 pron\u00e1sledovali spolu s\u00a0jednotkami NATO, 4000 km od americk\u00e9ho pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed. Tam samoz\u0159ejm\u011b nemaj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 pr\u00e1va, ale p\u0159esto ji zajali na podklad\u011b jak\u00fdchsi pochybn\u00fdch sankc\u00ed z\u00a0r. 2024. Podle n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edho z\u00e1kona, ka\u017ed\u00e1 lo\u010f je pova\u017eov\u00e1na za samospr\u00e1vn\u00e9 \u00fazem\u00ed zem\u011b, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed a jak\u00e9koliv naru\u0161en\u00ed tohoto prostoru je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd \u00fatok. Jak to, \u017ee i tento \u010din nebyl pova\u017eov\u00e1n za p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd \u00fatok proti Rusku?<\/p>\n

CNN zpr\u00e1vy ihned hl\u00e1saly, \u017ee n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edci z\u00a0Marineru z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b zm\u011bnili jm\u00e9no lodi a namalovali na ni rusk\u00fd prapor, proto\u017ee doufali, \u017ee je Rusov\u00e9 ochr\u00e1n\u00ed, jen\u017ee to byla pouh\u00e1 spekulace. Lo\u010f Mariner opravdu pat\u0159\u00ed Rusk\u00e9 federaci, kde je tak\u00e9 registrov\u00e1na.<\/p>\n

Rusov\u00e9 na kr\u00e1de\u017e jejich lodi zareagovali t\u00edm, \u017ee \u017e\u00e1dali slu\u0161n\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u016f\u010di n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edk\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed \u00fadajn\u011b jsou v\u0161ichni Ukrajinci a jejich rychl\u00e9 a bezprobl\u00e9mov\u00e9 posl\u00e1n\u00ed zp\u011bt do Ruska.<\/p>\n

Americk\u00e9 n\u00e1mo\u0159nictvo m\u00e1 pr\u00fd v\u00a0\u00famyslu zabrat je\u0161t\u011b \u010dty\u0159i dal\u0161\u00ed rusk\u00e9 lod\u011b a cht\u011bj\u00ed k\u00a0tomu p\u0159idat ve\u0161ker\u00e9 ostatn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 by vezly venezuelskou ropu, bez ohledu na to, pod jak\u00fdm praporem pluj\u00ed a kter\u00e9mu n\u00e1rodu n\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed.<\/p>\n

N\u011bco takov\u00e9ho p\u0159edstavuje v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 ohro\u017een\u00ed obchodn\u00ed n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed dopravy. Nen\u00ed divu, \u017ee to vyvolalo notnou paniku obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 v\u00a0evropsk\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edmo\u0159sk\u00fdch st\u00e1tech, kter\u00e9 u\u017e tak maj\u00ed obt\u00ed\u017enou cestu p\u0159es mo\u0159e kv\u016fli n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edm pir\u00e1t\u016fm a jin\u00fdm p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017ek\u00e1m.<\/p>\n

Rusov\u00e9 nap\u0159ed uva\u017eovali, \u017ee budou opl\u00e1tkou zabavovat americk\u00e9 lodi a to i p\u0159esto, \u017ee bylo vyd\u00e1no varov\u00e1n\u00ed, \u017ee n\u011bco takov\u00e9ho by mohlo vy\u00fastit v\u00a0t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 diplomatick\u00e9 nebo vojensk\u00e9 t\u0159enice. K\u00a0tomu se p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 ohro\u017een\u00ed ve form\u011b zdr\u017een\u00ed dod\u00e1vek, zas\u00edlan\u00fdch lodn\u00ed dopravou, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee destabilizovat ceny dov\u00e1\u017een\u00e9ho zbo\u017e\u00ed a ohro\u017een\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho trhu. Z\u00e1pad se sice vymlouv\u00e1, \u017ee se soust\u0159ed\u00ed pouze na lodi, na kter\u00e9 jsou vyd\u00e1ny sankce, ale podle jejich sklonu ke l\u017e\u00edm tomu nem\u016f\u017eeme v\u011b\u0159it.<\/p>\n

I p\u0159es v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 varov\u00e1n\u00ed[10]<\/a> Moskva se nenechala odradit a prohl\u00e1sila jedn\u00e1n\u00ed Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f za nez\u00e1konn\u00e9 a vyslala vojensk\u00e9 lo\u010fstvo na ochranu lod\u00ed, kter\u00e9 Ameri\u010dan\u00e9 maj\u00ed v \u00famyslu ukr\u00e1st. Rusov\u00e9 z\u00e1rove\u0148 Z\u00e1pad varovali, \u017ee v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee by n\u011bkter\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed jejich lodi byly zcizeny, \u017ee budou d\u011blat to stejn\u00e9 a zab\u00edrat lodi Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f.<\/p>\n

Takov\u00e9 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed je velice neobvykl\u00e9 a vznikaj\u00ed obavy z\u00a0vojensk\u00fdch st\u0159et\u016f a n\u00e1sledn\u00fdch pr\u00e1vn\u00edch poty\u010dek. Ov\u0161em ve\u0159ejn\u00fd odpor proti sankc\u00edm, kter\u00e9 jeden n\u00e1rod vyd\u00e1 proti druh\u00e9mu, je naprosto nutn\u00fd, proto\u017ee \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd st\u00e1t nem\u00e1 m\u00edt na n\u011bco takov\u00e9ho pr\u00e1vo. Jestli\u017ee dva st\u00e1ty spolu v\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch z\u00e1le\u017eitostech nesouhlas\u00ed, mohou spolu p\u0159estat obchodovat, mohou vypov\u011bd\u011bt sv\u00e9 ambasadory, mohou informovat ob\u010dany a \u017e\u00e1dat je o p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed styk\u016f s\u00a0pat\u0159i\u010dn\u00fdm st\u00e1tem. Ale uvrhnout sankce na toho druh\u00e9ho a prakticky na v\u0161echny, se kter\u00fdmi je \u2018provinil\u00fd st\u00e1t\u2018 v\u00a0obchodn\u00edm styku, to nem\u00e1 b\u00fdt dovoleno. Nen\u00ed to slu\u0161n\u00e9, ani mor\u00e1ln\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u017d\u00e1dn\u00fd st\u00e1t nem\u00e1 pr\u00e1vo b\u00fdt soudcem toho druh\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n

Jane Kaufman, 24. ledna 2026<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> https:\/\/discoveryalert.com.au\/strategic-implications-global-energy-control-2026\/<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> https:\/\/oilprice.com\/Latest-Energy-News\/World-News\/Russia-Claims-Ownership-of-Oil-Assets-Its-Developing-in-Venezuela.html<\/p>\n

[3]<\/a> https:\/\/en.topwar.ru\/276345-ispanskij-zhurnalist-maduro-nakazan-ssha-za-popytku-otkaza-ot-dollara.html<\/p>\n

[4]<\/a> https:\/\/michaelwalshwriter.com\/2026\/01\/13\/oil-corporations-dont-want-trumps-stolen-oil\/<\/p>\n

[5]<\/a> https:\/\/www.telesurenglish.net\/halliburton-executive-contradicts-trump\/<\/p>\n

[6]<\/a> https:\/\/www.armstrongeconomics.com\/international-news\/china\/why-did-trump-really-take-venezuela-it-wasnt-just-oil\/<\/p>\n

[7]<\/a> https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=49lBIcyt51A<\/p>\n

[8]<\/a> https:\/\/scheerpost.com\/2026\/01\/05\/we-have-a-thug-as-president-jeffrey-sachs-says-trumps-venezuela-operation-pushes-world-closer-to-wwiii\/<\/p>\n

[9]<\/a> https:\/\/avia-pro.net\/news\/piratstvo-v-atlantike-ssha-razvernuli-nezakonnuyu-ohotu-za-rossiyskim-tankerom-marinera<\/p>\n

[10]<\/a> https:\/\/www.thedefensenews.com\/news-details\/US-Chases-New-Four-Russian-Oil-Tankers-Russia-Orders-Warships-to-Intervene\/<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed I. \u010d\u00e1sti: \u00a0Co se doopravdy stalo ve Venezuele a pro\u010d? Ten hlavn\u00ed d\u016fvod[1], pro\u010d…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":89445,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6],"tags":[1042,2044,125,452,37,181],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/97742"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=97742"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/97742\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/89445"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=97742"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=97742"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=97742"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}