{"id":97685,"date":"2026-01-25T00:16:37","date_gmt":"2026-01-24T23:16:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=97685"},"modified":"2026-01-24T08:52:21","modified_gmt":"2026-01-24T07:52:21","slug":"andrew-p-napolitano-americky-policejni-stat-dorazil","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/01\/25\/andrew-p-napolitano-americky-policejni-stat-dorazil\/","title":{"rendered":"Andrew P. Napolitano: Americk\u00fd policejn\u00ed st\u00e1t dorazil"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n
\n
\n

Americk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da v posledn\u00edch dnech nejen\u017ee nedok\u00e1zala chr\u00e1nit svobodu projevu, ale tak\u00e9 ji napadla. Stejn\u011b jako autorit\u00e1\u0159i v pr\u016fb\u011bhu d\u011bjin se sna\u017eila uml\u010det projevy, kter\u00e9 nen\u00e1vid\u00ed a kter\u00fdch se boj\u00ed. V\u011bt\u0161ina autorit\u00e1\u0159\u016f v\u0161ak nem\u011bla \u00fastavu, kter\u00e1 by proti nim v\u00fdslovn\u011b st\u00e1la.<\/span><\/p>\n

Minul\u00fd t\u00fdden v Miami zve\u0159ejnila Raquel Pacheco tweet\/X, v n\u011bm\u017e ozna\u010dila poslance Randyho Finea (republik\u00e1n za Floridu) za pokrytce, proto\u017ee podporuje svobodu projevu pro ty, kdo cht\u011bj\u00ed, aby Izrael p\u0159evzal kontrolu nad Gazou, ale odm\u00edt\u00e1 svobodu projevu pro ty, kdo cht\u011bj\u00ed palestinsk\u00fd st\u00e1t. Kdy\u017e ji nav\u0161t\u00edvili dva detektivov\u00e9 miamsk\u00e9 policie a zeptali se j\u00ed, zda p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek napsala ona, zdvo\u0159ile odm\u00edtla odpov\u011bd\u011bt. Pacheco jim \u0159ekla, \u017ee m\u00e1 pr\u00e1vo ml\u010det. Kdy\u017e je po\u017e\u00e1dala, aby opustili jej\u00ed verandu, vyhov\u011bli.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0159ed dv\u011bma t\u00fddny byla v Minneapolisu zat\u010dena Susan Tincherov\u00e1 za to, \u017ee sledovala policisty ICE a soustavn\u011b je nat\u00e1\u010dela. Byla zatla\u010dena obli\u010dejem dol\u016f do sn\u011bhu a odvedena s rukama spoutan\u00fdma za z\u00e1dy. V deten\u010dn\u00edm centru ICE j\u00ed bylo odebr\u00e1no oble\u010den\u00ed a snubn\u00ed prsten \u2013 druh\u00fd jmenovan\u00fd pomoc\u00ed kle\u0161t\u00ed na \u0161rouby. Po p\u011bti hodin\u00e1ch ve vazb\u011b se dozorce ICE rozhodl ji propustit. Policist\u00e9 ICE j\u00ed vr\u00e1tili zni\u010den\u00fd snubn\u00ed prsten, ale ne oble\u010den\u00ed, kter\u00e9 feder\u00e1ln\u00edmu soudci popsali jako \u201eztracen\u00e9\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tak\u00e9 v Minneapolisu ned\u00e1vno ministerstvo spravedlnosti ozn\u00e1milo zah\u00e1jen\u00ed trestn\u00edho vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed proti guvern\u00e9rovi Minnesoty Timu Walzovi a starostovi Minneapolisu Jacobu Freyovi. Jsou obvin\u011bni z ma\u0159en\u00ed spravedlnosti podn\u011bcov\u00e1n\u00edm demonstrac\u00ed proti ICE \u2013 za co\u017e by m\u011bli b\u00fdt obvin\u011bni, st\u00edh\u00e1ni a v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b odsouzen\u00ed uv\u011bzn\u011bni.<\/span><\/p>\n

Minul\u00fd t\u00fdden agenti FBI provedli razii v dom\u011b report\u00e9rky\u00a0<\/span>Washington Post<\/span><\/em>\u00a0Hannah Natansonov\u00e9 ve Washingtonu, D.C. Zabavili v\u0161echna jej\u00ed elektronick\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Natansonov\u00e1 pracovala na \u010dl\u00e1nku o feder\u00e1ln\u00edch oznamovatel\u00edch, z nich\u017e 1100 s n\u00ed komunikovalo. Razie v domech novin\u00e1\u0159\u016f jsou podle feder\u00e1ln\u00edho z\u00e1kona zak\u00e1z\u00e1ny, pokud se novin\u00e1\u0159ka nezapojuje do prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00edho trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu \u2013 co\u017e feder\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fa\u0159ady v\u00fdslovn\u011b pop\u0159ely \u2013 nebo pokud se nejedn\u00e1 o z\u00e1chranu \u017eivot\u016f; ani jedno z toho v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b neplatilo. Jednalo se o zastra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed oznamovatel\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed se oz\u00fdvali \u2013 ve velmi intenzivn\u00ed form\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u0161echny tyto ud\u00e1losti znamenaj\u00ed, \u017ee vl\u00e1da vyhodnocuje obsah projev\u016f, rozhoduje se, co nen\u00e1vid\u00ed nebo \u010deho se boj\u00ed, a pot\u00e9 bu\u010f \u0159e\u010dn\u00edky zastra\u0161uje, nebo st\u00edh\u00e1. Prvn\u00ed dodatek \u00fastavy chr\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1vo pozorovat vl\u00e1du a nat\u00e1\u010det jej\u00ed z\u00e1stupce, shroma\u017e\u010fovat se, k\u00e1rat vl\u00e1du a \u0159\u00edkat j\u00ed, aby ode\u0161la, ml\u010det tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed v tv\u00e1\u0159 vl\u00e1dn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edkaz\u016fm a vm\u011b\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed, vy\u0161et\u0159ovat vl\u00e1du a dokonce otev\u0159en\u011b a jednozna\u010dn\u011b vyz\u00fdvat k ob\u010dansk\u00e9 neposlu\u0161nosti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Thomas Paine by toto v\u0161echno nazval pr\u00e1vem vzty\u010dit p\u011bst do tv\u00e1\u0159e tyranovi. V\u0161echna tato pr\u00e1va pramen\u00ed z na\u0161\u00ed lidskosti. Prvn\u00ed dodatek je negarantuje \u2013 chr\u00e1n\u00ed je p\u0159ed vm\u011b\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm vl\u00e1dy.<\/span><\/p>\n

V dob\u011b ratifikace \u00fastavy se mnoho ratifik\u00e1tor\u016f ob\u00e1valo velk\u00e9, p\u0159ehnan\u00e9 a zadlu\u017een\u00e9 \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed vl\u00e1dy \u2013 jako je ta, kterou m\u00e1me dnes \u2013 a trvali na tom, aby jejich hlasy pro ratifikaci byly podm\u00edn\u011bny \u00fastavn\u00edmi dodatky, kter\u00e9 by nov\u00e9 vl\u00e1d\u011b zakazovaly zasahovat do p\u0159irozen\u00fdch pr\u00e1v.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u011bt\u0161ina ratifik\u00e1tor\u016f \u00dastavy ch\u00e1pala koncept p\u0159irozen\u00fdch pr\u00e1v. To bylo samoz\u0159ejm\u011b j\u00e1dro Deklarace nez\u00e1vislosti, v n\u00ed\u017e Thomas Jefferson napsal, \u017ee jsme v\u0161ichni \u201ena\u0161\u00edm Stvo\u0159itelem obda\u0159eni ur\u010dit\u00fdmi nezciziteln\u00fdmi pr\u00e1vy, mezi nimi\u017e je \u017eivot, svoboda a hled\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jak m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pr\u00e1vo nezciziteln\u00e9? Jeliko\u017e pr\u00e1va jsou stejn\u011b osobn\u00ed a p\u0159irozen\u00e1 jako na\u0161e t\u011blesn\u00e9 pohyby, m\u016f\u017ee je odvolat pouze porota \u2013 a i tehdy pouze pot\u00e9, co se prok\u00e1\u017ee, \u017ee se jich osoba, jej\u00ed\u017e pr\u00e1va maj\u00ed b\u00fdt odvol\u00e1na, dobrovoln\u011b vzdala agresivn\u00edm jedn\u00e1n\u00edm proti pr\u00e1v\u016fm ostatn\u00edch.<\/span><\/p>\n

To je alespo\u0148 teorie p\u0159irozen\u00fdch pr\u00e1v. Nemohou b\u00fdt poru\u0161ena z\u00e1konem ani v\u00fdkonn\u00fdm na\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm, ale pouze soudcem a porotou po pe\u010dliv\u00e9m dodr\u017een\u00ed \u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9ho procesu.<\/span><\/p>\n

My\u0161lenka podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 ratifikace vych\u00e1zela z p\u0159edstavy, \u017ee st\u00e1t m\u016f\u017ee opustit feder\u00e1ln\u00ed vl\u00e1du stejn\u011b snadno, jako se k n\u00ed p\u0159ipojil \u2013 jednoduch\u00fdm legislativn\u00edm aktem. James Madison, hlavn\u00ed tv\u016frce \u00fastavy, tvrdil, \u017ee z\u00e1konod\u00e1rn\u00fd sbor st\u00e1tu nebo nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed soud mohou zru\u0161it platnost feder\u00e1ln\u00edch z\u00e1kon\u016f, kter\u00e9 sv\u00fdm zn\u011bn\u00edm odporuj\u00ed \u00fastav\u011b. Jefferson a Madison tajn\u011b vypracovali rezoluce schv\u00e1len\u00e9 z\u00e1konod\u00e1rn\u00fdmi sbory Virginie a Kentucky, kter\u00e9 zru\u0161ily platnost z\u00e1kon\u016f o cizinc\u00edch a pobu\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed v t\u011bchto st\u00e1tech, je\u017e Kongres pou\u017eil ke kriminalizaci projev\u016f kritick\u00fdch v\u016f\u010di vl\u00e1d\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00dastava je zalo\u017eena na hodnotov\u00fdch \u00fasudc\u00edch, kter\u00e9 si vymysleli jej\u00ed auto\u0159i a kter\u00e9 p\u0159ijali ti, co ji ratifikovali. M\u00e1 mnoho nedostatk\u016f, ale jej\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed hodnotou bylo a z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 prim\u00e1t jednotlivce nad st\u00e1tem \u2013 a\u0165 u\u017e na feder\u00e1ln\u00ed nebo st\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00farovni.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00edm, \u017ee v prvn\u00edch osmi dodatc\u00edch \u00dastavy v\u00fdslovn\u011b uznali p\u0159irozen\u00e1 pr\u00e1va a v dev\u00e1t\u00e9m dodatku uznali existenci p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoha lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v na to, aby je bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 v\u0161echna vyjmenovat \u2013 a t\u00edm, \u017ee zav\u00e1zali st\u00e1t k jejich ochran\u011b \u2013 auto\u0159i a ratifik\u00e1to\u0159i prosazovali vl\u00e1du, jej\u00edm\u017e z\u00e1kladn\u00edm \u00fa\u010delem bylo jednozna\u010dn\u011b chr\u00e1nit osobn\u00ed svobodu: nikoli vl\u00e1dn\u00ed \u0159\u00e1d nebo moc, ale osobn\u00ed svobodu. Jefferson argumentoval, \u017ee v\u00e1lka za nez\u00e1vislost byla vedena za \u00fa\u010delem vytvo\u0159en\u00ed vl\u00e1dy, kter\u00e1 chr\u00e1n\u00ed \u2013 nikoli napad\u00e1 \u2013 p\u0159irozen\u00e1 pr\u00e1va.<\/span><\/p>\n

Policejn\u00ed st\u00e1t je prav\u00fdm opakem \u00fastavn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu navr\u017een\u00e9ho Jeffersonem a Madisonem. V policejn\u00edm st\u00e1t\u011b jsou z\u00e1kony ps\u00e1ny tak, aby vypadaly, jako by chr\u00e1nily svobodu; jsou v\u0161ak vym\u00e1h\u00e1ny a interpretov\u00e1ny zp\u016fsobem, kter\u00fd zvy\u0161uje moc vl\u00e1dy.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e se vl\u00e1da sna\u017e\u00ed uml\u010det lidi zastra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm, kdy\u017e brut\u00e1ln\u011b zach\u00e1z\u00ed s lidmi, kte\u0159\u00ed zvedaj\u00ed p\u011bsti proti jej\u00edm agent\u016fm, kdy\u017e hroz\u00ed kriminalizac\u00ed projev\u016f kritick\u00fdch v\u016f\u010di vl\u00e1d\u011b ze strany \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edk\u016f, kdy\u017e terorizuje ty, kte\u0159\u00ed vyjad\u0159uj\u00ed sv\u016fj n\u00e1zor \u2013 a proch\u00e1z\u00ed jim t\u011bmito proti\u00fastavn\u00edmi a odporn\u00fdmi \u010diny \u2013 pak je tu americk\u00fd policejn\u00ed st\u00e1t.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\n

Zdroj<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Americk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da v posledn\u00edch dnech nejen\u017ee nedok\u00e1zala chr\u00e1nit svobodu projevu, ale tak\u00e9 ji napadla. Stejn\u011b…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":94601,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[4082,48,37],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/97685"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=97685"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/97685\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/94601"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=97685"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=97685"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=97685"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}