{"id":9690,"date":"2022-04-16T03:25:13","date_gmt":"2022-04-16T01:25:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=9690"},"modified":"2022-04-16T03:25:13","modified_gmt":"2022-04-16T01:25:13","slug":"jiri-paroubek-trestni-odpovednost-firem-pravnickych-osob","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2022\/04\/16\/jiri-paroubek-trestni-odpovednost-firem-pravnickych-osob\/","title":{"rendered":"Ji\u0159\u00ed Paroubek: Trestn\u00ed odpov\u011bdnost firem – pr\u00e1vnick\u00fdch osob"},"content":{"rendered":"
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ODS a TOP 09 tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee podporuj\u00ed podnikavost a podnikatelsk\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed v\u016fbec, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b \u010desk\u00e9 firmy a m\u00edstn\u00ed podnikatele. Po ovoci, pozn\u00e1te je\u2026<\/p>\n

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Za Topol\u00e1nkovy vl\u00e1dy, na podn\u011bt ministra spravedlnosti Posp\u00ed\u0161ila (tehdy ODS, dnes TOP 09), se do trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kona dostalo nov\u00e9 ustanoven\u00ed o trestn\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti firem. Do t\u00e9 doby se razil princip, \u017ee trestn\u00fd \u010din m\u016f\u017ee sp\u00e1chat jen konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed pachatel, \u010di pachatel\u00e9 a tito za sv\u00e9 skutky, pokud se tyto prok\u00e1\u017eou, nesou i zodpov\u011bdnost. Tehdej\u0161\u00ed vl\u00e1da tak na\u0161e trestn\u00ed soudnictv\u00ed obohatila o princip, \u017ee trest\u00e1ni jsou i ti, kte\u0159\u00ed se ni\u010deho nedopustili, o ni\u010dem nemaj\u00ed pov\u011bdomost, jen m\u011bli tu sm\u016flu, \u017ee t\u0159eba sv\u00e9 pen\u00edze investovali do podniku, kde n\u011bkdo z\u00a0veden\u00ed sp\u00e1chal nebo dokonce mo\u017en\u00e1 sp\u00e1chal n\u011bjak\u00fd delikt. Ba co h\u016f\u0159, jsou trest\u00e1ni i v\u0161ichni zam\u011bstnanci takov\u00e9 firmy a jejich rodinn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edci za to, \u017ee se opov\u00e1\u017eili v\u00a0takov\u00e9 zlot\u0159il\u00e9 firm\u011b pracovat. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b pykaj\u00ed za to i obchodn\u00ed partne\u0159i takov\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, proto\u017ee ztr\u00e1c\u00ed sv\u00e9ho z\u00e1kazn\u00edka nebo partnera.<\/p>\n

Abychom t\u00e9to zr\u016fdnosti porozum\u011bli, zkus\u00edm si vypomoci p\u0159\u00edpadem nejmenovan\u00e9, ale konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed velk\u00e9 \u010desk\u00e9 firmy a nen\u00ed v\u00a0tom v\u016fbec sama. Takov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f jsou u\u017e dnes des\u00edtky. Vysoc\u00ed mana\u017ee\u0159i firmy, akciov\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, se m\u011bli zapl\u00e9st do ovliv\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch zak\u00e1zek. Kdo se v\u00a0na\u0161em prost\u0159ed\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch zak\u00e1zek n\u011bkdy pohyboval, v\u00ed, \u017ee v\u0161ichni uchaze\u010di o takovou pr\u00e1ci se sna\u017e\u00ed z\u00edskat co nejv\u00edce informac\u00ed p\u0159edem a naklonit si zadavatele \u2013 m\u011bsto, kraj, ministerstvo minim\u00e1ln\u011b tak, aby uchaze\u010de nevid\u011bli v\u00a0nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9m sv\u011btle. Ob\u010das se stane, \u017ee se takov\u00e1 snaha n\u011bjak\u00e9 firmy proval\u00ed nebo ji n\u011bkdo ud\u00e1, aby se zbavil konkurence, i kdy\u017e s\u00e1m \u010din\u00ed roky tot\u00e9\u017e. Gumov\u00e9 paragrafy Posp\u00ed\u0161ilem prosazen\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona pak umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed prokur\u00e1tor\u016fm a policist\u016fm velkou m\u00edru kreativity a kde je v\u016fle, tam je i cest. A firma je obvin\u011bna a n\u00e1sledn\u011b i ob\u017ealov\u00e1na. Hroz\u00ed j\u00ed v\u00a0lep\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b jen odstaven\u00ed od ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch zak\u00e1zek nebo i \u00fapln\u00e1 likvidace. To prv\u00e9 je pro \u0159adu firem vlastn\u011b tak\u00e9 faktick\u00e1 postupn\u00e1 likvidace. Majitel\u00e9 firmy \u2013 akcion\u00e1\u0159i, mo\u017en\u00e1 i des\u00edtky \u010di stovky akcion\u00e1\u0159\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed v\u00a0dobr\u00e9 v\u00ed\u0159e investovali sv\u00e9 poctiv\u00e9 pen\u00edze do n\u00e1kupu akci\u00ed, o tuto svou investici p\u0159ijdou. Bu\u010f zcela nebo \u201ejen\u201c \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b a p\u0159itom o \u010dinnosti n\u011bkter\u00fdch \u010dlen\u016f veden\u00ed firmy nem\u011bli ani tu\u0161en\u00ed. Jak by taky mohli m\u00edt. Z\u00e1kon o obchodn\u00edch spole\u010dnostech je toti\u017e nastaven tak, \u017ee v\u0161e \u0159\u00edd\u00ed a za v\u0161e jsou odpov\u011bdn\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed mana\u017ee\u0159i a ne skute\u010dn\u00ed majitel\u00e9. P\u0159esto d\u00edky vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed, soud\u016fm a rozsudku jsou st\u00e1tem de facto okradeni o sv\u016fj majetek. Jde o formu zn\u00e1rodn\u011bn\u00ed, kterou si Posp\u00ed\u0161ilovsk\u00e9 paragrafy vyp\u016fj\u010dili z\u00a0roku 1948 a nemusel by se za n\u011b styd\u011bt snad ani Klement Gottwald. Z\u00e1stup nespravedliv\u011b po\u0161kozen\u00fdch majiteli jen za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1. Dal\u0161\u00edm v\u00a0\u0159ad\u011b jsou stovky, v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b n\u011bkter\u00fdch firem i tis\u00edce zam\u011bstnanc\u016f, jejich\u017e pracovn\u00ed m\u00edsto je ohro\u017eeno nebo p\u0159\u00edmo zanik\u00e1. T\u0159eba u nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed stavebn\u00ed firmy v\u00a0zemi se jedn\u00e1 asi o 2 tis\u00edce lid\u00ed, dal\u0161\u00ed jsou pak tis\u00edce jejich rodinn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk\u016f a lid\u00ed z\u00a0firem, kter\u00e9 s\u00a0touto \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nou firmou desetilet\u00ed spolupracuj\u00ed. Nedopustili se ni\u010deho jin\u00e9ho ne\u017e, \u017ee poctiv\u011b pracovali za mzdu. N\u00e1\u0161 mil\u00fd st\u00e1tn\u00ed represivn\u00ed apar\u00e1t je vyhod\u00ed na dla\u017ebu \u2013 t\u00e1hn\u011bte na prac\u00e1k.<\/p>\n

Tak se chov\u00e1 apar\u00e1t \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed z\u00a0dan\u00ed vyd\u0159en\u00fdch jak z\u00a0t\u011bchto firem, tak z\u00a0jejich zam\u011bstnanc\u016f. Apar\u00e1t na rozd\u00edl od t\u011bchto lid\u00ed toti\u017e nic netvo\u0159\u00ed, jen konzumuje v\u00fdsledky skute\u010dn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce druh\u00fdch. St\u00e1t se t\u00edm st\u0159\u00edl\u00ed do vlastn\u00ed nohy, ale pro\u010d by to neud\u011blal, kdy\u017e je ve h\u0159e n\u011bco tak posv\u00e1tn\u00e9ho jako boj s\u00a0korupc\u00ed. Ta mezit\u00edm vesele buj\u00ed d\u00e1l, proto\u017ee posti\u017eenou firmu obratem nahrazuje konkurence v\u011bt\u0161inou vlastn\u011bn\u00e1 nadn\u00e1rodn\u00edm, glob\u00e1ln\u00edm kapit\u00e1lem, kter\u00e1 z\u00e1hy ve\u0161ker\u00e9 sv\u00e9 zisky odv\u00e1d\u00ed n\u011bkam do da\u0148ov\u00fdch r\u00e1j\u016f. Nad t\u00edm n\u00e1\u0161 represivn\u00ed apar\u00e1t zav\u00edr\u00e1 o\u010di, stejn\u011b jako nad t\u00edm, kdy\u017e se podez\u0159en\u00ed z\u00a0korup\u010dn\u00edho jedn\u00e1n\u00ed dopust\u00ed n\u011bjak\u00e1 nadn\u00e1rodn\u00ed firma. T\u011bch se \u010de\u0161t\u00ed prokur\u00e1to\u0159i boj\u00ed, proto\u017ee u nich mohou nitky sahat hodn\u011b daleko a hodn\u011b vysoko a mohli by dostat p\u0159es prsty nap\u0159. od \u201eamerick\u00fdch\u201c poradc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed je u\u010d\u00ed jak s\u00a0korupc\u00ed zato\u010dit. A je to tady jako se v\u0161\u00edm podobn\u00fdm, tedy zdan\u011bn\u00edm nadn\u00e1rodn\u00edch gigant\u016f, st\u00e1tn\u00edmi pob\u00eddkami a podporami nebo exekucemi \u2013 na v\u0161em n\u011bkdo poh\u00e1dkov\u011b vyd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1 a z\u00a0\u010cech\u016f vyd\u0159en\u00e9 pen\u00edze si odveze n\u011bkam \u00fapln\u011b jinam, mimo republiku. Bohu\u017eel mu k\u00a0tomu pom\u00e1h\u00e1 n\u00e1mi dob\u0159e placen\u00fd st\u00e1tn\u00ed apar\u00e1t, kter\u00fd vlastn\u011b slou\u017e\u00ed jako p\u0159evodov\u00e1 p\u00e1ka na prost\u00e9 pracuj\u00edc\u00ed a podnikaj\u00edc\u00ed \u010cechy. Ur\u010dit\u011b se n\u011bkdo ozve a za\u010dne tvrdit, \u017ee takov\u00fd z\u00e1kon po n\u00e1s cht\u011bla EU. Je ale dob\u0159e se pod\u00edvat, jak obdobn\u00e1 ustanoven\u00ed prakticky funguj\u00ed jinde, t\u0159eba v\u00a0N\u011bmecku. Tam si sv\u00e9 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed firmy nelikviduj\u00ed, pochopiteln\u011b. Pokud se mana\u017ee\u0159i dopust\u00ed korup\u010dn\u00edho jedn\u00e1n\u00ed, jsou oni, i firmy kde pracuj\u00ed, odsouzeni k\u00a0odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edm finan\u010dn\u00edm trest\u016fm a jede se d\u00e1l. Majitel\u00e9 nep\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed o sv\u016fj majetek, lid\u00e9 o pr\u00e1ci a konkuren\u010dn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed nen\u00ed deformov\u00e1no ve prosp\u011bch nadn\u00e1rodn\u00edch monopol\u016f, kter\u00e9 d\u00edky sv\u00e9 dominanci na trhu z\u00e1hy zvy\u0161uj\u00ed ceny pro z\u00e1kazn\u00edky. V\u00a0N\u011bmecku st\u00e1tn\u00ed instituce toti\u017e sv\u016fj st\u00e1t a sv\u00e9 ob\u010dany skute\u010dn\u011b chr\u00e1n\u00ed, u n\u00e1s slou\u017e\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e1 nev\u011bdomky n\u011bkomu ciz\u00edmu.<\/p>\n

Ji\u0159\u00ed Paroubek<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

P. S. Je zaj\u00edmav\u00e9, \u017ee okam\u017eit\u011b druh\u00fd den, po zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed tohoto \u010dl\u00e1nku, se objevila v\u00a0Lidov\u00fdch novin\u00e1ch kr\u00e1tk\u00e1 noticka, \u017ee jsem v\u00a0roce 2011 pomohl p\u0159ehlasovat veto prezidenta republiky, kter\u00e9 se t\u00fdkalo tohoto z\u00e1kona o trestn\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti firem. Faktem je, \u017ee jsem za jeden\u00e1ct let mohl zm\u011bnit tak\u00e9 n\u00e1zor, co\u017e se stalo. A za druh\u00e9, nikdy jsem nep\u0159edpokl\u00e1dal, \u017ee trestn\u00ed odpov\u011bdnost firem bude \u0159e\u0161ena tak drastick\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem, jak se to za posledn\u00edch deset let d\u011bje. Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee podobn\u011b jako v\u00a0sousedn\u00edm N\u011bmecku by mohly v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch probl\u00e9m\u016f posta\u010dit finan\u010dn\u00ed pokuty firm\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 se p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b provinily. Jinak mysl\u00edm, \u017ee pln\u011b plat\u00ed argumentace, kterou jsem v\u00a0\u010dl\u00e1nku uplatnil. Ch\u00e1pu, o co jde lidem, kte\u0159\u00ed cht\u011bj\u00ed zejm\u00e9na Metrostav a jeho dce\u0159in\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti vy\u0159adit z\u00a0jak\u00fdchkoliv ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch zak\u00e1zek. To by znamenalo v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjmy pro jin\u00e9, zejm\u00e9na stavebn\u00ed firmy se zahrani\u010dn\u00edmi majiteli a samoz\u0159ejm\u011b nejsp\u00ed\u0161 d\u0159\u00edve \u010di pozd\u011bji likvidaci Metrostavu. Tedy nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010desk\u00e9 stavebn\u00ed firmy.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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ODS a TOP 09 tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee podporuj\u00ed podnikavost a podnikatelsk\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed v\u016fbec, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b \u010desk\u00e9 firmy…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1596,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6],"tags":[2201,29,2202],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9690"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9690"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9690\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1596"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9690"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9690"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9690"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}