{"id":96896,"date":"2026-01-15T00:18:36","date_gmt":"2026-01-14T23:18:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=96896"},"modified":"2026-01-14T10:42:38","modified_gmt":"2026-01-14T09:42:38","slug":"darpa-vyuziva-umelou-inteligenci-ke-zkraceni-doby-modelovani-propuknuti-virovych-pandemii-z-tydnu-na-dny","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/01\/15\/darpa-vyuziva-umelou-inteligenci-ke-zkraceni-doby-modelovani-propuknuti-virovych-pandemii-z-tydnu-na-dny\/","title":{"rendered":"DARPA vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 um\u011blou inteligenci ke zkr\u00e1cen\u00ed doby modelov\u00e1n\u00ed propuknut\u00ed virov\u00fdch pandemi\u00ed z t\u00fddn\u016f na dny"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Rychlost m\u00e1 p\u0159ednost p\u0159ed kritick\u00fdm p\u0159ezkoum\u00e1n\u00edm: Modely generovan\u00e9 um\u011blou inteligenc\u00ed maj\u00ed za c\u00edl od\u016fvodnit intervence je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e je lze smyslupln\u011b zpochybnit.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Americk\u00e1 arm\u00e1da financuje syst\u00e9my um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence (AI), kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed drasticky urychlit modelov\u00e1n\u00ed virov\u00fdch ohnisek \u2013 proces, kter\u00fd obvykle trv\u00e1 t\u00fddny, se pak zkr\u00e1t\u00ed do n\u011bkolika dn\u016f a n\u00e1sledn\u011b se pou\u017eije k \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed intervenc\u00ed v re\u00e1ln\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jin\u00fdmi slovy, \u010d\u00edm rychlej\u0161\u00ed je model, t\u00edm m\u00e9n\u011b \u010dasu je na to, abychom se v\u016fbec zamysleli nad t\u00edm, zda je reakce opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n

Toto zrychlen\u00ed navazuje na infrastrukturn\u00ed programy DARPA z doby p\u0159ed pandemi\u00ed COVID-19, kter\u00e9 jsou ji\u017e zdokumentov\u00e1ny a jejich\u017e c\u00edlem je v pevn\u011b stanoven\u00e9m \u010dasov\u00e9m r\u00e1mci p\u0159ev\u00e9st digit\u00e1ln\u00ed genetick\u00e9 sekvence na syntetizovan\u00e9 viry a masov\u011b vyr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00e1 protiopat\u0159en\u00ed mRNA.<\/span><\/p>\n

DARPA uvedla, \u017ee modely pandemie byly k\u0159ehk\u00e9, nepr\u016fhledn\u00e9 a pomal\u00e9.<\/span><\/h3>\n

Podle publikace v \u010dasopise Science z prosince:<\/span><\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e se v roce 2020 po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159il virus SARS-CoV-2, epidemiologov\u00e9 se sna\u017eili p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u011bt jeho \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed \u2013 a jeho smrteln\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky. \u010casto se spol\u00e9hali na modely, kter\u00e9 dok\u00e1zaly nejen simulovat p\u0159enos viru a m\u00edru hospitalizace, ale tak\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u011bt dopady intervenc\u00ed: rou\u0161ek, vakc\u00edn nebo cestovn\u00edch omezen\u00ed.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Krom\u011b toho, \u017ee jsou modely v epidemiologii a dal\u0161\u00edch oborech v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9, mohou b\u00fdt \u010dern\u00fdmi sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148kami: miliony \u0159\u00e1dk\u016f star\u00e9 k\u00f3dov\u00e9 z\u00e1kladny, kter\u00e9 jsou podrobeny jemn\u00e9mu dolad\u011bn\u00ed oper\u00e1tory ve v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch instituc\u00edch po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. Ne v\u017edy poskytuj\u00ed jasn\u00e9 vod\u00edtko. \u201ePou\u017eit\u00e9 modely jsou \u010dasto pom\u011brn\u011b k\u0159ehk\u00e9 a nevysv\u011btliteln\u00e9,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Erica Briscoe, kter\u00e1 byla programovou \u0159editelkou projektu\u00a0<\/span>Automating Scientific Knowledge Extraction and Modeling<\/span>\u00a0(ASKEM) v Agentu\u0159e pro pokro\u010dil\u00e9 v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 projekty ministerstva obrany (DARPA).<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

\u0158editel programu Agentury pro pokro\u010dil\u00e9 v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 projekty v oblasti obrany (DARPA) tak uzn\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee modely, kter\u00e9 \u0159\u00eddily reakce b\u011bhem \u00e9ry COVIDu, byly zraniteln\u00e9 a obt\u00ed\u017en\u011b interpretovateln\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee po pandemii COVID-19 se nebudeme sna\u017eit zpomalit ani omezit politiku \u0159\u00edzenou modelem.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00edlem je sp\u00ed\u0161e zrychlit chod stejn\u00e9ho rozhodovac\u00edho stroje.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eExistuje re\u00e1ln\u00fd potenci\u00e1l\u201c pro urychlen\u00ed modelov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u011bhem epidemie, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Mohsen Malekinejad, epidemiolog z Kalifornsk\u00e9 univerzity v San Franciscu, kter\u00fd pom\u00e1hal s hodnocen\u00edm produkt\u016f ASKEM. \u201eB\u011bhem pandemie je \u010das v\u017edy na\u0161\u00edm nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm omezen\u00edm. Pot\u0159ebujeme m\u00edt informace. A mus\u00edme je m\u00edt rychle,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1. \u201eProst\u011b nem\u00e1me dostatek datov\u011b gramotn\u00fdch model\u00e1\u0159\u016f pro ka\u017edou jednotlivou ud\u00e1lost nebo ka\u017ed\u00fd jednotliv\u00fd typ pot\u0159eby ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed.\u201c<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Program: Modely ohnisek generovan\u00e9 um\u011blou inteligenc\u00ed na vy\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u201eProgram, spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fd v roce 2022 s rozpo\u010dtem 29,4 milionu americk\u00fdch dolar\u016f, si klade za c\u00edl vyvinout n\u00e1stroje zalo\u017een\u00e9 na um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligenci, kter\u00e9 modelov\u00e1n\u00ed usnadn\u00ed, zrychl\u00ed a ztransparentn\u00ed.\u201c<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

DARPA financovala infrastrukturu, kter\u00e1 standardizuje a urychluje modelov\u00e1n\u00ed ohnisek n\u00e1kazy.<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u016fraz je kladen na rychlost, reprodukovatelnost a pou\u017eitelnost i laiky, aby bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 rychle generovat politicky relevantn\u00ed modely \u2013 i kdy\u017e jsou z\u00e1kladn\u00ed p\u0159edpoklady ne\u00fapln\u00e9 nebo kontroverzn\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jak to funguje: Technick\u00e9 \u010dl\u00e1nky a pozn\u00e1mkov\u00e9 bloky \u2192 Rovnice \u2192 Modely<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u201eN\u00e1stroje um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence v programu toto programov\u00e1n\u00ed automatizuj\u00ed a umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk\u016fm konstruovat, aktualizovat a kombinovat modely na vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u00farovni abstrakce.\u201c<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Odstran\u011bn\u00edm velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti technick\u00fdch p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eek spojen\u00fdch s tvorbou model\u016f tyto n\u00e1stroje usnad\u0148uj\u00ed vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed model\u016f ohnisek, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed institucion\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00e1hu \u2013 a to i v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee je v\u011bdeck\u00fd z\u00e1klad slab\u00fd nebo nejist\u00fd.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eT\u00fdmy ASKEM vyvinuly syst\u00e9my um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence, kter\u00e9 dok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed absorbovat v\u011bdeckou literaturu\u2026 a extrahovat rovnice a znalosti pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 k vytvo\u0159en\u00ed nebo aktualizaci konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho modelu.\u201c<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

V\u011bdeck\u00e1 literatura je p\u0159\u00edmo p\u0159evedena do opakovan\u011b pou\u017eiteln\u00fdch modelov\u00fdch komponent, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje rychl\u00e9 za\u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed strojov\u011b interpretovan\u00fdch v\u00fdsledk\u016f v\u00fdzkumu do rozhodovac\u00edch r\u00e1mc\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eProjekt ASKEM vyvinul metodu pro zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto pozn\u00e1mkov\u00fdch blok\u016f, extrakci podkladov\u00fdch matematick\u00fdch popis\u016f a jejich p\u0159evod do modelu.\u201c<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Neform\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00favahy a pr\u016fzkumn\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce v pozn\u00e1mkov\u00e9m bloku tak mohou b\u00fdt vysokorychlostn\u011b transformov\u00e1ny do pou\u017eiteln\u00fdch model\u016f, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se zmen\u0161\u00ed propast mezi p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00fdm my\u0161len\u00edm a sm\u011brodatn\u00fdmi v\u00fdsledky.<\/span><\/p>\n

Modelov\u00e1n\u00ed zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 na intervenci<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u201eV\u00fdsledn\u00fd model integroval r\u016fzn\u00e9 p\u0159enosov\u00e9 a sez\u00f3nn\u00ed vzorce vir\u016f a tak\u00e9 posoudil \u00fa\u010dinky intervenc\u00ed, jako je no\u0161en\u00ed rou\u0161ek a testov\u00e1n\u00ed.\u201c<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Syst\u00e9m je navr\u017een tak, aby vyhodnocoval interven\u010dn\u00ed sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e soub\u011b\u017en\u011b s dynamikou onemocn\u011bn\u00ed a aby do procesu modelov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo za\u010dle\u0148oval politick\u00e9 aspekty.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eTesteri byli po\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1ni, aby modelovali dopad o\u010dkovac\u00ed kampan\u011b na n\u00e1klady na hospitalizace kv\u016fli hepatitid\u011b A u bezdomovc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed u\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed drogy, ve feder\u00e1ln\u00edm st\u00e1t\u011b.\u201c<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Tyto n\u00e1stroje jsou zam\u011b\u0159eny na aplikovan\u00e9 vl\u00e1dn\u00ed ot\u00e1zky \u2013 n\u00e1klady, c\u00edlov\u00e9 skupiny a dopad kampan\u00ed \u2013 a nikoli na \u010dist\u011b deskriptivn\u00ed epidemiologii.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tvrzen\u00ed o rychlosti: o 83 % rychlej\u0161\u00ed<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u201eV kone\u010dn\u00fdch v\u00fdsledc\u00edch teste\u0159i zjistili, \u017ee n\u00e1stroje ASKEM dok\u00e1zaly vytv\u00e1\u0159et modely o 83 % rychleji ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed se standardn\u00edmi modelovac\u00edmi pracovn\u00edmi postupy.\u201c<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Proces modelov\u00e1n\u00ed je dostate\u010dn\u011b rychl\u00fd, aby se ve\u0161el do politick\u00fdch a medi\u00e1ln\u00edch \u010dasov\u00fdch r\u00e1mc\u016f, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se sni\u017euje mo\u017enost extern\u00edho p\u0159ezkoum\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e se v\u00fdsledky prom\u011bn\u00ed v praxi.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eB\u011bhem 40hodinov\u00e9ho pracovn\u00edho t\u00fddne byli schopni vytvo\u0159it prakticky pou\u017eiteln\u00e9 modely pro n\u011bkolik probl\u00e9m\u016f.\u201c<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Jakmile rychlost p\u0159estane b\u00fdt limituj\u00edc\u00edm faktorem, tlak se p\u0159esouv\u00e1 sm\u011brem k rychl\u00e9 implementaci sp\u00ed\u0161e ne\u017e k pe\u010dliv\u00e9mu ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eTransparentnost\u201c jako vnit\u0159n\u00ed sign\u00e1l d\u016fv\u011bry<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u201eVzhledem ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 transparentnosti model\u016f ASKEM teste\u0159i tak\u00e9 zjistili, \u017ee osoby s rozhodovac\u00ed pravomoc\u00ed m\u011bly v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bru ve v\u00fdsledky ASKEM ne\u017e ve v\u00fdsledky tradi\u010dn\u00edch model\u016f.\u201c<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

\u201eTransparentnost\u201c zde funguje m\u00e9n\u011b jako ochrann\u00fd mechanismus a sp\u00ed\u0161e jako zp\u016fsob, jak zv\u00fd\u0161it d\u016fv\u011bru mezi osobami s rozhodovac\u00ed pravomoc\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00edm, \u017ee jsou modely dostate\u010dn\u011b srozumiteln\u00e9, aby pro\u0161ly intern\u00edmi audity, syst\u00e9m sni\u017euje t\u0159en\u00ed v instituc\u00edch a umo\u017e\u0148uje odpov\u011bdn\u00fdm osob\u00e1m jednat rychleji, a z\u00e1rove\u0148 do v\u00fdsledk\u016f zahrne nevy\u0159e\u0161en\u00e9 nejistoty.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zam\u00fd\u0161len\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u00e9: Zdravotnictv\u00ed, obrana a zpravodajsk\u00e9 slu\u017eby<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u201eDARPA pracuje na nalezen\u00ed agentur nebo program\u016f v oblasti zdravotnictv\u00ed, obrany a zpravodajsk\u00fdch slu\u017eeb, kter\u00e9 by cht\u011bly vyu\u017e\u00edvat ASKEM.\u201c<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Modelov\u00e1n\u00ed ohnisek n\u00e1kazy je prezentov\u00e1no jako trval\u00e1 funkce n\u00e1rodn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti a integrov\u00e1no vedle obrann\u00fdch a zpravodajsk\u00fdch funkc\u00ed, sp\u00ed\u0161e ne\u017e jako ad-hoc opat\u0159en\u00ed v oblasti ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/span><\/h3>\n

DARPA buduje syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd transformuje v\u011bdeckou literaturu, p\u0159edpoklady a pr\u016fzkumn\u00e9 anal\u00fdzy do model\u016f ohnisek \u2013 dostate\u010dn\u011b rychle, aby mohl v\u00e9st intervence t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v re\u00e1ln\u00e9m \u010dase.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pokud je rychlost pova\u017eov\u00e1na za prim\u00e1rn\u00ed omezen\u00ed, okno p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti pro p\u0159ezkoum\u00e1n\u00ed, n\u00e1mitky a smyslupln\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky nevyhnuteln\u011b se zhrout\u00ed d\u0159\u00edve, ne\u017e lze tyto modely pou\u017e\u00edt k ospravedln\u011bn\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jon Fleetwood<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Rychlost m\u00e1 p\u0159ednost p\u0159ed kritick\u00fdm p\u0159ezkoum\u00e1n\u00edm: Modely generovan\u00e9 um\u011blou inteligenc\u00ed maj\u00ed za c\u00edl od\u016fvodnit intervence…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":96897,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[3101,23,8341,2194],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96896"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=96896"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96896\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/96897"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=96896"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=96896"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=96896"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}