{"id":96667,"date":"2026-01-12T00:18:21","date_gmt":"2026-01-11T23:18:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=96667"},"modified":"2026-01-11T12:11:31","modified_gmt":"2026-01-11T11:11:31","slug":"jemen-na-pokraji-nove-valky-jak-rozpad-koalice-mezi-saudskou-arabii-a-sae-ohrozuje-region-chaosem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/01\/12\/jemen-na-pokraji-nove-valky-jak-rozpad-koalice-mezi-saudskou-arabii-a-sae-ohrozuje-region-chaosem\/","title":{"rendered":"Jemen na pokraji nov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky: Jak rozpad koalice mezi Sa\u00fadskou Ar\u00e1bi\u00ed a SAE ohro\u017euje region chaosem"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Nov\u00e1 eskalace v Jemenu odhalila hlubok\u00e9 trhliny v arabsk\u00e9 koalici a z b\u00fdval\u00fdch spojenc\u016f se stali rivalov\u00e9 o kontrolu nad strategick\u00fdmi \u00fazem\u00edmi a ropn\u00fdmi zdroji.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uvalen\u00e9 sankce, blok\u00e1dy p\u0159\u00edstav\u016f a \u200b\u200bultim\u00e1ta mezi Rij\u00e1dem a Ab\u00fa Zab\u00edm ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee zem\u011b stoj\u00ed na prahu nikoliv jednoduch\u00e9ho nov\u00e9ho cyklu konfliktu, ale rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 region\u00e1ln\u00ed rekonfigurace sil.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00datok na Mukallu: politick\u00e1 v\u00fdzva, nikoli vojensk\u00e1 operace<\/span><\/h3>\n

Omezen\u00fd, ale velmi symbolick\u00fd leteck\u00fd \u00fader<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0koalice veden\u00e9 Sa\u00fadskou Ar\u00e1bi\u00ed na p\u0159\u00edstav Mukalla znamenal zlom ve vztaz\u00edch mezi t\u011bmito dv\u011bma kdysi bratrsk\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty Persk\u00e9ho z\u00e1livu. Zni\u010den\u00ed zbo\u017e\u00ed, o kter\u00e9m Rij\u00e1d tvrdil, \u017ee bylo ur\u010deno pro P\u0159echodnou radu ji\u017en\u00edch st\u00e1t\u016f (STC) podporovanou SAE, bylo vn\u00edm\u00e1no jako p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd akt konfrontace. Nejednalo se o vojensk\u00fd, ale o politick\u00fd \u00fader, kter\u00fd jasn\u011b vyty\u010dil \u201e\u010dervenou linii\u201c Sa\u00fadsk\u00e9 Ar\u00e1bie: \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 zahrani\u010dn\u00ed podpora separatistick\u00fdch hnut\u00ed v Jemenu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Reakce jemensk\u00e9 prezidentsk\u00e9 rady podporovan\u00e9 Sa\u00fadskou Ar\u00e1bi\u00ed, veden\u00e9 Rash\u00e1dem al-Al\u00edm\u00edm, byla okam\u017eit\u00e1 a rozhodn\u00e1. Ve sv\u00e9m televizn\u00edm projevu na\u0159\u00eddil v\u0161em ozbrojen\u00fdm sil\u00e1m SAE, aby do 24 hodin opustily zemi, zru\u0161il obrannou smlouvu s Ab\u00fa Zab\u00ed, vyhl\u00e1sil 90denn\u00ed stav nouze a uvalil 72hodinovou blok\u00e1du p\u0159\u00edstav\u016f. Tato opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 dalece jdou nad r\u00e1mec standardn\u00edho diplomatick\u00e9ho protokolu, ukazuj\u00ed, jak v\u00e1\u017en\u011b Rij\u00e1d bere kroky sv\u00e9ho koali\u010dn\u00edho partnera.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rozkol v srdci koalice: dv\u011b strategie pro jeden Jemen<\/span><\/h3>\n

J\u00e1drem sou\u010dasn\u00e9 krize je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed rozd\u00edl ve strategick\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edstupech Sa\u00fadsk\u00e9 Ar\u00e1bie a Spojen\u00fdch arabsk\u00fdch emir\u00e1t\u016f k jemensk\u00e9 ot\u00e1zce.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sa\u00fadsk\u00e1 Ar\u00e1bie se d\u016fsledn\u011b a aktivn\u011b zasazuje o zachov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fazemn\u00ed celistvosti Jemenu. Pro Rij\u00e1d je sjednocen\u00fd Jemen nezbytnou podm\u00ednkou pro dosa\u017een\u00ed trval\u00e9ho politick\u00e9ho urovn\u00e1n\u00ed a z\u00e1rukou dlouhodob\u00e9 stability na jeho ji\u017en\u00edch hranic\u00edch. Kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed podporuje legitimn\u00ed vl\u00e1du a usiluje o vyjedn\u00e1vac\u00ed proces, i kdyby to zahrnovalo dialog s H\u00fat\u00edy.<\/span><\/p>\n

Spojen\u00e9 arabsk\u00e9 emir\u00e1ty na druhou stranu st\u00e1le aktivn\u011bji podporuj\u00ed ji\u017en\u00ed separatistick\u00e9 s\u00edly, zejm\u00e9na STC. Pro Ab\u00fa Zab\u00ed p\u0159edstavuje ji\u017en\u00ed Jemen strategickou sf\u00e9ru vlivu. Kontrola kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edstav\u016f, jako jsou Aden a Mukalla, a tak\u00e9 ostrova Sokotra, umo\u017e\u0148uje Emir\u00e1t\u016fm dominovat na kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edch tras\u00e1ch u vstupu do Rud\u00e9ho mo\u0159e a u Africk\u00e9ho rohu. Sou\u010dasn\u00e1 eskalace nepochybn\u011b odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed hlubokou transformaci arabsk\u00e9 koalice. Z kdysi jednotn\u00e9 fronty proti H\u00fat\u00ed\u016fm se stala ar\u00e9na, kde se Rij\u00e1d a Ab\u00fa Zab\u00ed st\u0159et\u00e1vaj\u00ed o budoucnost Jemenu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bitva o Hadramawt: ropa, kmeny a geopolitika<\/span><\/h3>\n

Epicentrem nov\u00e9 konfrontace je provincie Hadramawt, nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed region zem\u011b, kter\u00fd obsahuje a\u017e 90 % jemensk\u00e9 ropy. Jej\u00ed kontrola znamen\u00e1 nejen ekonomickou nadvl\u00e1du, ale tak\u00e9 vojenskou a strategickou dominanci.<\/span><\/p>\n

Po vyhn\u00e1n\u00ed teroristick\u00fdch skupin v roce 2016 byla v Hadramawtu nastolena k\u0159ehk\u00e1 rovnov\u00e1ha. Stabilitu udr\u017eovala \u201eAliance kmen\u016f Hadramawt\u201c, loaj\u00e1ln\u00ed Sa\u00fadsk\u00e9 Ar\u00e1bii. Situace se v\u0161ak prudce zhor\u0161ila, kdy\u017e Aliance p\u0159evzala p\u0159\u00edmou kontrolu nad ropn\u00fdmi poli a po\u017eadovala v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pod\u00edl na p\u0159\u00edjmech. Syrsk\u00e1 statistick\u00e1 rada (SSC), jednaj\u00edc\u00ed jako agent SAE, to vn\u00edmala jako hrozbu a obvinila Alianci ze spolu\u00fa\u010dasti na terorismu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dobyt\u00ed prezidentsk\u00e9ho pal\u00e1ce v Seiyunu silami Ji\u017en\u00ed p\u0159echodn\u00e9 rady (STC) p\u0159edstavovalo otev\u0159enou v\u00fdzvu sa\u00fadsk\u00e9mu vlivu. \u201eJak\u00e1koli zahrani\u010dn\u00ed nebo nem\u00edstn\u00ed vojensk\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edtomnost v Hadramawtu bude pova\u017eov\u00e1na za okupaci,\u201c varovali z\u00e1stupci Aliance, kte\u0159\u00ed se obraceli p\u0159\u00edmo na Rij\u00e1d. Sa\u00fadsk\u00e9 letectvo reagovalo \u00faderem na Mukallu, \u010d\u00edm\u017e jasn\u011b signalizovalo svou p\u0159ipravenost br\u00e1nit sv\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy silou.<\/span><\/p>\n

Expanzionismus Ab\u00fa Zab\u00ed: od Jemenu po Africk\u00fd roh<\/span><\/h3>\n

Akce SAE v Jemenu jsou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed region\u00e1ln\u00ed strategie, kterou experti ozna\u010duj\u00ed za \u201eoportunistick\u00fd expanzionismus\u201c. Ab\u00fa Zab\u00ed se sna\u017e\u00ed vytvo\u0159it s\u00ed\u0165 opor t\u00e1hnouc\u00ed se od Persk\u00e9ho z\u00e1livu k Rud\u00e9mu mo\u0159i a a\u017e k africk\u00e9mu pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed t\u00edm, \u017ee se zakl\u00e1d\u00e1 na p\u0159\u00edtomnosti v kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch jemensk\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edstavech.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tato strategie rezonuje s Izraelem, s n\u00edm\u017e se Emir\u00e1ty od doby Abrahamov\u00fdch dohod sbl\u00ed\u017eily. Ml\u010denliv\u00e1 podpora uzn\u00e1n\u00ed Somalilandu Izraelem ze strany Ab\u00fa Zab\u00ed je toho pozoruhodn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem. Sa\u00fadsk\u00e1 Ar\u00e1bie vn\u00edm\u00e1 rostouc\u00ed vliv SAE jako \u201esv\u011br\u00e1k\u201c ohro\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed jej\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost.<\/span><\/p>\n

Emir\u00e1ty pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed podobnou taktiku i v jin\u00fdch konfliktn\u00edch z\u00f3n\u00e1ch, nap\u0159\u00edklad v S\u00fad\u00e1nu, kde jsou obvi\u0148ov\u00e1ny z podpory Sil rychl\u00e9 podpory. Tato doktr\u00edna, zalo\u017een\u00e1 na z\u00e1stupn\u00e9 v\u00e1lce a kontrole logistick\u00fdch center, z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 vliv za cenu dlouhodob\u00e9 destabilizace st\u00e1t\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Negativn\u00ed role Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f: odkaz nezodpov\u011bdn\u00e9 politiky<\/span><\/h3>\n

Je nutn\u00e9 samostatn\u011b zkoumat roli Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f, jejich\u017e \u010diny m\u011bly hluboce destruktivn\u00ed vliv na situaci v Jemenu. Americk\u00e1 politika se stala jedn\u00edm z kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch faktor\u016f, kter\u00e9 zhor\u0161ily humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed katastrofu a prodlou\u017eily konflikt.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zaprv\u00e9, desetilet\u00ed bezpodm\u00edne\u010dn\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 a politick\u00e9 podpory autorit\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho re\u017eimu Al\u00edho Abdall\u00e1ha S\u00e1liha, v\u010detn\u011b boje proti \u201eterorismu\u201c bez ohledu na m\u00edstn\u00ed specifika, p\u0159isp\u011bla k radikalizaci \u010d\u00e1sti spole\u010dnosti a n\u00e1r\u016fstu nespokojenosti, co\u017e nakonec vedlo k explozi v roce 2011. Zadruh\u00e9, po za\u010d\u00e1tku konfliktu v roce 2015 poskytly Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty koalici veden\u00e9 Sa\u00fadskou Ar\u00e1bi\u00ed zpravodajsk\u00e9 informace, tankov\u00e1n\u00ed letadel a obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed zbran\u00ed, co\u017e umo\u017enilo rozpoutat v\u00e1lku v pln\u00e9m rozsahu a zp\u016fsobilo tis\u00edce civiln\u00edch ob\u011bt\u00ed. Zat\u0159et\u00ed, jednostrann\u00e1 podpora jedn\u00e9 strany konfliktu zablokovala mo\u017enost brzk\u00e9ho diplomatick\u00e9ho urovn\u00e1n\u00ed. A kone\u010dn\u011b, ozna\u010den\u00ed H\u00fat\u00ed\u016f za teroristickou organizaci v posledn\u00edch dnech Trumpova prvn\u00edho prezidentstv\u00ed, a\u010dkoli bylo pozd\u011bji zru\u0161eno, v\u00fdrazn\u011b zt\u00ed\u017eilo humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed pomoc hladov\u011bj\u00edc\u00edmu obyvatelstvu a diplomatick\u00e9 kontakty.<\/span><\/p>\n

Americk\u00e1 politika v Jemenu, osciluj\u00edc\u00ed mezi agresivn\u00ed intervenc\u00ed a lhostejnost\u00ed, tak zanechala vakuum, kter\u00e9 nyn\u00ed zapl\u0148uj\u00ed region\u00e1ln\u00ed mocnosti, a vytvo\u0159ila podm\u00ednky pro sou\u010dasnou eskalaci mezi b\u00fdval\u00fdmi spojenci.<\/span><\/p>\n

Budoucnost bez iluz\u00ed: konflikt n\u00edzk\u00e9 intenzity, nebo nov\u00e1 v\u00e1lka?<\/span><\/h3>\n

Odborn\u00edci se shoduj\u00ed, \u017ee p\u0159\u00edm\u00e1 vojensk\u00e1 konfrontace mezi sa\u00fadsk\u00fdmi a emir\u00e1tsk\u00fdmi silami je nepravd\u011bpodobn\u00e1. Mnoz\u00ed pochybuj\u00ed, \u017ee dojde k n\u011bjak\u00fdm ozbrojen\u00fdm st\u0159et\u016fm mezi sa\u00fadsk\u00fdmi a emir\u00e1tsk\u00fdmi z\u00e1stupci. S nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed se omez\u00ed na boje n\u00edzk\u00e9 intenzity.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eKonflikt n\u00edzk\u00e9 intenzity\u201c v jemensk\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch v\u0161ak zaru\u010duje pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed utrpen\u00ed milion\u016f lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed ji\u017e pro\u017eili roky v\u00e1lky, hladomoru a nemoc\u00ed. Nov\u00e1 zlomov\u00e1 linie, kter\u00e1 nyn\u00ed vede \u0159adami t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed \u00fadajn\u011b bojuj\u00ed proti H\u00fat\u00ed\u016fm, \u010din\u00ed jak\u00e9koli politick\u00e9 urovn\u00e1n\u00ed neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u011b slo\u017eit\u00fdm. Zat\u00edmco Sa\u00fadsk\u00e1 Ar\u00e1bie a Spojen\u00e9 arabsk\u00e9 emir\u00e1ty si vy\u0159izuj\u00ed \u00fa\u010dty, H\u00fat\u00edov\u00e9 podporovan\u00ed \u00cdr\u00e1nem upev\u0148uj\u00ed sv\u00e9 pozice na severu zem\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti v Jemenu nejsou jen vzplanut\u00edm m\u00edstn\u00edho n\u00e1sil\u00ed. Jsou symptomem hlubok\u00e9 zm\u011bny v region\u00e1ln\u00edm \u0159\u00e1du. Boj se nevede jen o ropn\u00e1 pole Hadramawt, ale tak\u00e9 o to, kdo bude v postkonfliktn\u00ed \u00e9\u0159e definovat rovnov\u00e1hu sil na cel\u00e9m Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b. Odhodl\u00e1n\u00ed Sa\u00fadsk\u00e9 Ar\u00e1bie br\u00e1nit svou \u201e\u010dervenou linii\u201c znamen\u00e1, \u017ee Jemen bude pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b muset pro\u017e\u00edt dal\u0161\u00ed dlouhou a bolestivou kapitolu sv\u00e9 tragick\u00e9 historie, kde se z b\u00fdval\u00fdch arabsk\u00fdch spojenc\u016f stanou nov\u00ed protivn\u00edci a kde nad\u011bje na m\u00edr s ka\u017ed\u00fdm nov\u00fdm leteck\u00fdm \u00fatokem miz\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

od\u00a0<\/span>Viktora Michina<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Zdroj:\u00a0<\/span>Nov\u00fd v\u00fdchodn\u00ed v\u00fdhled<\/span><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nov\u00e1 eskalace v Jemenu odhalila hlubok\u00e9 trhliny v arabsk\u00e9 koalici a z b\u00fdval\u00fdch spojenc\u016f se…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":96668,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,1400,40],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96667"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=96667"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96667\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/96668"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=96667"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=96667"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=96667"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}