{"id":9625,"date":"2022-04-14T01:58:54","date_gmt":"2022-04-13T23:58:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=9625"},"modified":"2022-04-13T18:23:21","modified_gmt":"2022-04-13T16:23:21","slug":"ukrajinska-krize-by-mohla-v-2022-snizit-rust-svetoveho-obchodu-na-polovinu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2022\/04\/14\/ukrajinska-krize-by-mohla-v-2022-snizit-rust-svetoveho-obchodu-na-polovinu\/","title":{"rendered":"Ukrajinsk\u00e1 krize by mohla v 2022 sn\u00ed\u017eit r\u016fst sv\u011btov\u00e9ho obchodu na polovinu"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<p>Pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed konflikt mezi Ruskem a Ukrajinou p\u0159inesl glob\u00e1ln\u00ed ekonomice t\u011b\u017ekou r\u00e1nu a sn\u00ed\u017eil progn\u00f3zu r\u016fstu sv\u011btov\u00e9ho obchodu na rok 2022 ze 4,7 % p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dan\u00fdch loni v \u0159\u00edjnu na 2,4\u20133 %.<\/p>\n<p>Projekci, zalo\u017eenou na glob\u00e1ln\u00edm ekonomick\u00e9m simula\u010dn\u00edm modelu, provedl sekretari\u00e1t Sv\u011btov\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed organizace (WTO) v pozn\u00e1mce vydan\u00e9 v pond\u011bl\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Podle stejn\u00e9ho modelu by krize mohla sn\u00ed\u017eit glob\u00e1ln\u00ed r\u016fst HDP o 0,7 a\u017e 1,3 procentn\u00edho bodu, \u010d\u00edm\u017e by se pro leto\u0161n\u00ed rok dostal n\u011bkam mezi 3,1 a\u017e 3,7 %.<\/p>\n<p>Konflikt podle pozn\u00e1mky zp\u016fsobil zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed cen potravin a energi\u00ed a sn\u00ed\u017eil dostupnost zbo\u017e\u00ed vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00e9ho Ruskem a Ukrajinou.<\/p>\n<p>Rusko a Ukrajina jsou podle pozn\u00e1mky d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdmi dodavateli z\u00e1kladn\u00edch produkt\u016f, zejm\u00e9na potravin a energie. Ob\u011b zem\u011b dodaly v roce 2019 celosv\u011btov\u011b p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 25 % p\u0161enice, 15 % je\u010dmene a 45 % exportu slune\u010dnicov\u00fdch produkt\u016f. Samotn\u00e9 Rusko p\u0159edstavovalo 9,4 % celosv\u011btov\u00e9ho obchodu s palivy, v\u010detn\u011b 20% pod\u00edlu na exportu zemn\u00edho plynu.<\/p>\n<p>Rusko je jedn\u00edm z hlavn\u00edch sv\u011btov\u00fdch dodavatel\u016f palladia a rhodia, kter\u00e9 jsou kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdmi prvky p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b katalyz\u00e1tor\u016f pro automobily. V\u00fdroba polovodi\u010d\u016f p\u0159itom do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry z\u00e1vis\u00ed na neonu dod\u00e1van\u00e9m Ukrajinou. P\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed dod\u00e1vek t\u011bchto materi\u00e1l\u016f by mohlo postihnout v\u00fdrobce automobil\u016f v dob\u011b, kdy se pr\u016fmysl teprve zotavuje z nedostatku polovodi\u010d\u016f, zd\u016fraznila WTO.<\/p>\n<p>Evropa, hlavn\u00ed c\u00edl rusk\u00e9ho i ukrajinsk\u00e9ho exportu, pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b ponese hlavn\u00ed t\u00edhu ekonomick\u00e9ho dopadu. Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00e9 dod\u00e1vky obil\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00edch potravin tak\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed ceny zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9ho zbo\u017e\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Afrika a Bl\u00edzk\u00fd v\u00fdchod jsou nejzraniteln\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi regiony, proto\u017ee dov\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 50 % sv\u00e9 pot\u0159eby obil\u00ed z Ukrajiny anebo Ruska. Celkem 35 zem\u00ed Afriky dov\u00e1\u017e\u00ed potraviny a 22 dov\u00e1\u017e\u00ed hnojiva z Ukrajiny nebo Ruska nebo z obou zem\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>N\u011bkter\u00e9 zem\u011b v subsaharsk\u00e9 Africe \u010del\u00ed potenci\u00e1ln\u00edmu zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed cen p\u0161enice a\u017e o 50-85 % v d\u016fsledku dopadu krize na dod\u00e1vky obil\u00ed, uv\u00e1d\u00ed se v pozn\u00e1mce.<\/p>\n<p>\u201eSou\u010dasn\u00e1 krize pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b zhor\u0161\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed potravinovou nejistotu v dob\u011b, kdy jsou ceny potravin ji\u017e historicky vysok\u00e9 kv\u016fli pandemii COVID-19 a dal\u0161\u00edm faktor\u016fm,\u201c varovala WTO.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1185\" src=\"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/kuryr-podpis.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"84\" height=\"24\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed konflikt mezi Ruskem a Ukrajinou p\u0159inesl glob\u00e1ln\u00ed ekonomice t\u011b\u017ekou r\u00e1nu a sn\u00ed\u017eil progn\u00f3zu r\u016fstu&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2419,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[220,371,350,26,211],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9625"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9625"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9625\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2419"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9625"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9625"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9625"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}