{"id":95852,"date":"2026-01-02T00:15:01","date_gmt":"2026-01-01T23:15:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=95852"},"modified":"2026-01-01T13:05:07","modified_gmt":"2026-01-01T12:05:07","slug":"varovani-ziskavani-zprav-od-umele-inteligence-zmeni-vase-nazory","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/01\/02\/varovani-ziskavani-zprav-od-umele-inteligence-zmeni-vase-nazory\/","title":{"rendered":"Varov\u00e1n\u00ed: Z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed zpr\u00e1v od um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence zm\u011bn\u00ed va\u0161e n\u00e1zory"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Kdy\u017e v\u00e1m bot p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed novinky, hraj\u00ed roli tv\u016frci a zp\u016fsob, jak\u00fdm jsou bot prezentov\u00e1ny.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Jedin\u00e9 slovo m\u016f\u017ee v \u010dl\u00e1nku n\u011bco zm\u011bnit \u2013 ale pokud je toto slovo zam\u011b\u0159eno na v\u00e1s, m\u016f\u017ee zm\u011bnit v\u00e1\u0161 pohled na v\u011bc nebo n\u00e1zor. Generick\u00e9 \u010dl\u00e1nky generovan\u00e9 um\u011blou inteligenc\u00ed jsou u\u017e samy o sob\u011b d\u016fvodem k obav\u00e1m, ale um\u011bl\u00e1 inteligence ve vyhled\u00e1va\u010d\u00edch a botech v\u00e1s zasahuje v re\u00e1ln\u00e9m \u010dase s tak nen\u00e1padn\u00fdm zkreslen\u00edm, \u017ee si ho ani nev\u0161imnete. Pokud se in\u017een\u00fdr, pr\u00e1vn\u00edk a l\u00e9ka\u0159 zeptaj\u00ed na stejnou ot\u00e1zku na r\u016fzn\u00fdch po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u00edch ve stejnou dobu, dostanou r\u016fzn\u00e9 odpov\u011bdi; ka\u017ed\u00fd z nich m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt nasm\u011brov\u00e1n stejn\u00fdm sm\u011brem. \u2013 Patrick Wood, redaktor.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Rozhodnut\u00ed spole\u010dnosti Meta ukon\u010dit sv\u016fj profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed program ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed fakt\u016f vyvolalo vlnu kritiky ve sv\u011bt\u011b technologi\u00ed a m\u00e9di\u00ed. Kritici varovali, \u017ee upu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed od odborn\u00e9ho dohledu by mohlo podkopat d\u016fv\u011bru a spolehlivost v digit\u00e1ln\u00ed informa\u010dn\u00ed krajin\u011b \u2013 zejm\u00e9na pokud jsou platformy zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 na zisk z velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti ponech\u00e1ny samy sob\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

V t\u00e9to debat\u011b se v\u0161ak do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry p\u0159ehl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed skute\u010dnost, \u017ee modely \u201evelk\u00fdch jazyk\u016f\u201c zalo\u017een\u00e9 na um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligenci se st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed k generov\u00e1n\u00ed shrnut\u00ed zpr\u00e1v, titulk\u016f a obsahu, jeho\u017e c\u00edlem je upoutat va\u0161i pozornost dlouho p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e mohou zas\u00e1hnout tradi\u010dn\u00ed mechanismy moderov\u00e1n\u00ed obsahu. Probl\u00e9mem nejsou jednozna\u010dn\u011b nepravdiv\u00e9 informace nebo \u0161kodliv\u00fd obsah, kter\u00fd kv\u016fli nedostatku moderov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 neozna\u010den\u00fd. V diskusi chyb\u00ed, jak jsou zd\u00e1nliv\u011b p\u0159esn\u00e9 informace vyb\u00edr\u00e1ny, r\u00e1mov\u00e1ny a zd\u016fraz\u0148ov\u00e1ny \u2013 zp\u016fsobem, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee formovat vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed ve\u0159ejnosti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 jazykov\u00e9 modely postupn\u011b ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed zp\u016fsob, jak\u00fdm si lid\u00e9 utv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed n\u00e1zory, a to generov\u00e1n\u00edm informac\u00ed, kter\u00e9 chatboti a virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed asistenti v pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dasu lidem prezentuj\u00ed. Tyto modely jsou nyn\u00ed integrov\u00e1ny tak\u00e9 do zpravodajsk\u00fdch web\u016f, soci\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00ed a vyhled\u00e1va\u010d\u016f, a st\u00e1vaj\u00ed se tak prim\u00e1rn\u00ed branou k informac\u00edm.<\/span><\/p>\n

Studie ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 jazykov\u00e9 modely d\u011blaj\u00ed v\u00edc ne\u017e jen p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed informace. Jejich odpov\u011bdi mohou nen\u00e1padn\u011b zd\u016fraz\u0148ovat ur\u010dit\u00e9 \u00fahly pohledu a jin\u00e9 bagatelizovat \u2013 \u010dasto ani\u017e by si toho u\u017eivatel\u00e9 v\u0161imli.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zkreslen\u00ed komunikace<\/span><\/h3>\n

M\u016fj kolega, informatik Stefan Schmid, a j\u00e1, odborn\u00edk na technologick\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo a politiku, v p\u0159ipravovan\u00e9m \u010dl\u00e1nku v \u010dasopise\u00a0<\/span>Communications of the ACM<\/span><\/em>\u00a0demonstrujeme , \u017ee rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 jazykov\u00e9 modely vykazuj\u00ed komunika\u010dn\u00ed zkreslen\u00ed. Zjistili jsme, \u017ee mohou m\u00edt tendenci zd\u016fraz\u0148ovat ur\u010dit\u00e9 perspektivy, zat\u00edmco jin\u00e9 vynech\u00e1vaj\u00ed nebo bagatelizuj\u00ed. Takov\u00e9 zkreslen\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee ovlivnit to, jak si u\u017eivatel\u00e9 mysl\u00ed nebo c\u00edt\u00ed \u2013 bez ohledu na to, zda jsou prezentovan\u00e9 informace pravdiv\u00e9, nebo nepravdiv\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

Empirick\u00fd v\u00fdzkum v posledn\u00edch letech vytvo\u0159il srovn\u00e1vac\u00ed datov\u00e9 sady, kter\u00e9 koreluj\u00ed v\u00fdstupy modelu s postoji stran p\u0159ed volbami a b\u011bhem nich. Tyto datov\u00e9 sady odhaluj\u00ed rozd\u00edly v tom, jak sou\u010dasn\u00e9 rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 jazykov\u00e9 modely zpracov\u00e1vaj\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00fd diskurz. V z\u00e1vislosti na person\u011b nebo kontextu pou\u017eit\u00e9m pro vstup se sou\u010dasn\u00e9 modely nen\u00e1padn\u011b p\u0159ikl\u00e1n\u011bj\u00ed k ur\u010dit\u00fdm postoj\u016fm \u2013 a to i p\u0159i zachov\u00e1n\u00ed faktick\u00e9 p\u0159esnosti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tyto posuny poukazuj\u00ed na novou formu ovladatelnosti zalo\u017een\u00e9 na person\u00e1ch \u2013 tendenci modelu p\u0159izp\u016fsobovat sv\u016fj t\u00f3n a v\u00e1hu vn\u00edman\u00fdm o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm u\u017eivatele. Nap\u0159\u00edklad model m\u016f\u017ee odpov\u011bd\u011bt na stejnou ot\u00e1zku ohledn\u011b nov\u00e9ho klimatick\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona odli\u0161n\u011b v z\u00e1vislosti na tom, zda se u\u017eivatel popisuje jako ekologick\u00fd aktivista nebo podnikatel, a zd\u016fraz\u0148ovat p\u0159itom r\u016fzn\u00e9, ale fakticky spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 aspekty. Kritika by mohla zahrnovat argument, \u017ee z\u00e1kon nejde dostate\u010dn\u011b daleko k podpo\u0159e environment\u00e1ln\u00edch p\u0159\u00ednos\u016f nebo \u017ee vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed regula\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e a n\u00e1klady na dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edpis\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Takovou adaptaci lze snadno myln\u011b interpretovat jako lichocen\u00ed. Tento jev je zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako\u00a0<\/span>podl\u00e9zavost<\/span><\/em>\u00a0: modely v podstat\u011b \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u016fm, co cht\u011bj\u00ed sly\u0161et. Zat\u00edmco podl\u00e9zavost je p\u0159\u00edznakem interakce mezi u\u017eivatelem a modelem, komunika\u010dn\u00ed zkreslen\u00ed sah\u00e1 hloub\u011bji. Odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed nerovnov\u00e1hu v tom, kdo tyto syst\u00e9my navrhuje a vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed, ze kter\u00fdch datov\u00fdch sad \u010derpaj\u00ed a jak\u00e9 jsou pob\u00eddky k jejich v\u00fdvoji. Kdy\u017e hrstka v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016f dominuje trhu s rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdmi jazykov\u00fdmi modely a jejich syst\u00e9my trvale prezentuj\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00e9 n\u00e1zory p\u0159\u00edzniv\u011bji ne\u017e jin\u00e9, mohou se mal\u00e9 rozd\u00edly v chov\u00e1n\u00ed model\u016f vystup\u0148ovat ve v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 zkreslen\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho diskurzu.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u010ceho regulace m\u016f\u017ee \u2013 a nem\u016f\u017ee \u2013 dos\u00e1hnout<\/span><\/h3>\n

Modern\u00ed spole\u010dnost se st\u00e1le v\u00edce spol\u00e9h\u00e1 na rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 jazykov\u00e9 modely jako prim\u00e1rn\u00ed rozhran\u00ed mezi lidmi a informacemi. Vl\u00e1dy po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b p\u0159ijaly politick\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed k \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed obav z p\u0159edpojatosti um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence. Nap\u0159\u00edklad z\u00e1kon Evropsk\u00e9 unie o um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligenci a z\u00e1kon o digit\u00e1ln\u00edch slu\u017eb\u00e1ch se sna\u017e\u00ed prosazovat transparentnost a odpov\u011bdnost. Ani jeden z nich v\u0161ak nen\u00ed navr\u017een tak, aby \u0159e\u0161il slo\u017eit\u00fd probl\u00e9m komunika\u010dn\u00edho p\u0159edpojatosti ve v\u00fddaj\u00edch na um\u011blou inteligenci.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zast\u00e1nci regulace um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence \u010dasto uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed jako c\u00edl neutr\u00e1ln\u00ed um\u011blou inteligenci, ale skute\u010dn\u00e1 neutralita je \u010dasto nedosa\u017eiteln\u00e1. Syst\u00e9my um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence odr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed zkreslen\u00ed, kter\u00e1 jsou vlastn\u00ed jejich dat\u016fm, tr\u00e9ninku a designu, a pokusy o regulaci takov\u00fdch zkreslen\u00ed \u010dasto vedou k pouh\u00e9mu nahrazen\u00ed jedn\u00e9 formy zkreslen\u00ed jinou.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nav\u00edc zkreslen\u00ed komunikace se net\u00fdk\u00e1 jen p\u0159esnosti \u2013 jde o generov\u00e1n\u00ed a r\u00e1mov\u00e1n\u00ed obsahu. P\u0159edstavte si, \u017ee se zept\u00e1te syst\u00e9mu um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence na kontroverzn\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed p\u0159edpis. Odpov\u011b\u010f modelu bude formov\u00e1na nejen fakty, ale tak\u00e9 t\u00edm, jak jsou tato fakta prezentov\u00e1na, kter\u00e9 zdroje jsou zd\u016fraz\u0148ov\u00e1ny a jak\u00fd t\u00f3n a postoj model zaujme.<\/span><\/p>\n

To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee ko\u0159en probl\u00e9mu zkreslen\u00ed nespo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 jen v oprav\u011b zkreslen\u00fdch tr\u00e9novac\u00edch dat nebo zkreslen\u00e9ho v\u00fdstupu, ale tak\u00e9 v tr\u017en\u00edch struktur\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 v prvn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b formuj\u00ed n\u00e1vrh technologi\u00ed. Pokud p\u0159\u00edstup k informac\u00edm kontroluje pouze n\u011bkolik velk\u00fdch jazykov\u00fdch model\u016f, zvy\u0161uje se riziko zkreslen\u00ed komunikace. Proto krom\u011b regulace vy\u017eaduje \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 zm\u00edr\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed zkreslen\u00ed ochranu hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ee, odpov\u011bdnost \u0159\u00edzenou u\u017eivateli a regula\u010dn\u00ed otev\u0159enost v\u016f\u010di r\u016fznorod\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edstup\u016fm k v\u00fdvoji a nab\u00eddce velk\u00fdch jazykov\u00fdch model\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u011bt\u0161ina st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f m\u00e1 za c\u00edl zak\u00e1zat \u0161kodliv\u00e9 v\u00fddaje po nasazen\u00ed technologi\u00ed nebo vy\u017eadovat od spole\u010dnost\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed audit\u016f p\u0159ed spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm. Na\u0161e anal\u00fdza ukazuje, \u017ee zat\u00edmco kontroly p\u0159ed spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm a dohled po spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed mohou odhalit nejz\u0159eteln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed nedostatky, jsou m\u00e9n\u011b \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 p\u0159i zachycov\u00e1n\u00ed jemn\u00fdch komunika\u010dn\u00edch zkreslen\u00ed, kter\u00e1 vznikaj\u00ed v d\u016fsledku interakc\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nad r\u00e1mec regulace um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence<\/span><\/h3>\n

Je l\u00e1kav\u00e9 o\u010dek\u00e1vat, \u017ee regulace dok\u00e1\u017ee odstranit ve\u0161ker\u00e9 zkreslen\u00ed v syst\u00e9mech um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence. V n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech mohou b\u00fdt takov\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e1, ale \u010dasto p\u0159ehl\u00ed\u017eej\u00ed hlub\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9m: pob\u00eddky, kter\u00e9 ur\u010duj\u00ed, kter\u00e9 technologie poskytuj\u00ed informace ve\u0159ejnosti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Na\u0161e v\u00fdsledky ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee udr\u017eiteln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v podpo\u0159e konkurence, transparentnosti a smyslupln\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dasti u\u017eivatel\u016f, aby spot\u0159ebitel\u00e9 mohli hr\u00e1t aktivn\u00ed roli v tom, jak spole\u010dnosti navrhuj\u00ed, testuj\u00ed a nasazuj\u00ed rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 jazykov\u00e9 modely.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tato opat\u0159en\u00ed jsou velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1, proto\u017ee um\u011bl\u00e1 inteligence v kone\u010dn\u00e9m d\u016fsledku nejen ovlivn\u00ed, jak\u00e9 informace vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1me a jak\u00e9 denn\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy \u010dteme, ale bude tak\u00e9 hr\u00e1t kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli p\u0159i formov\u00e1n\u00ed spole\u010dnosti, jakou si p\u0159edstavujeme v budoucnu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Adrian Kuenzler, reziden\u010dn\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00fd pracovn\u00edk, Denversk\u00e1 univerzita; Hongkongsk\u00e1 univerzita. Nepracuje pro \u017e\u00e1dnou spole\u010dnost ani organizaci, kter\u00e1 by z tohoto \u010dl\u00e1nku mohla m\u00edt prosp\u011bch, nerad\u00ed v n\u00ed, nevlastn\u00ed pod\u00edly v n\u00ed ani od n\u00ed nedost\u00e1v\u00e1 finan\u010dn\u00ed prost\u0159edky, a nezve\u0159ejnil \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 relevantn\u00ed vazby nad r\u00e1mec sv\u00e9 akademick\u00e9 pozice.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Zdroj<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kdy\u017e v\u00e1m bot p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed novinky, hraj\u00ed roli tv\u016frci a zp\u016fsob, jak\u00fdm jsou bot prezentov\u00e1ny. Jedin\u00e9…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":95853,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1503,2194,1402],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/95852"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=95852"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/95852\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/95853"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=95852"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=95852"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=95852"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}