{"id":94815,"date":"2025-12-18T00:17:57","date_gmt":"2025-12-17T23:17:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=94815"},"modified":"2025-12-17T16:19:23","modified_gmt":"2025-12-17T15:19:23","slug":"od-projektu-cia-k-zamince-k-valce-jak-je-kartel-slunci-vyuzivan-proti-venezuele","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/12\/18\/od-projektu-cia-k-zamince-k-valce-jak-je-kartel-slunci-vyuzivan-proti-venezuele\/","title":{"rendered":"Od projektu CIA k z\u00e1mince k v\u00e1lce: Jak je \u2039Kartel slunc\u00ed\u203a vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n proti Venezuele"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<p><em><span dir=\"auto\">Od Reaganovy \u00e9ry a\u017e do sou\u010dasnosti se z minulosti opakovan\u011b vytahuje jedno jm\u00e9no. Investigativn\u00ed novin\u00e1\u0159 Max Blumenthal \u0159\u00edk\u00e1: Takzvan\u00fd \u201eKartel slunc\u00ed\u201c nen\u00ed p\u016fvodn\u00edm drogov\u00fdm kartelem, ale v\u00fdtvorem americk\u00fdch zpravodajsk\u00fdch slu\u017eeb \u2013 a dnes slou\u017e\u00ed jako politick\u00e1 z\u00e1minka pro intervenci proti Venezuele.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Kdy\u017e americk\u00e9 ministerstvo spravedlnosti v roce 2020 vypsalo na venezuelsk\u00e9ho prezidenta Nicol\u00e1se Madura odm\u011bnu v \u0159\u00e1du milion\u016f dolar\u016f, n\u00e1hle se mezin\u00e1rodn\u011b do pov\u011bdom\u00ed dostal term\u00edn \u201eKartel slunc\u00ed\u201c. Washington prohl\u00e1sil, \u017ee Maduro a p\u0159edn\u00ed \u010dlenov\u00e9 jeho vl\u00e1dy stoj\u00ed v \u010dele glob\u00e1ln\u00ed drogov\u00e9 organizace. Mnoha pozorovatel\u016fm se to jevilo jako pr\u00e1vn\u00ed a mor\u00e1ln\u00ed ospravedln\u011bn\u00ed pro mo\u017enou vojenskou eskalaci proti Caracasu.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"twitter-tweet twitter-tweet-rendered\"><iframe id=\"twitter-widget-0\" class=\"\" title=\"X Post\" src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/embed\/Tweet.html?dnt=false&amp;embedId=twitter-widget-0&amp;features=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%3D%3D&amp;frame=false&amp;hideCard=false&amp;hideThread=false&amp;id=2000529772221259906&amp;lang=cs&amp;origin=https%3A%2F%2Funcutnews.ch%2Fvom-cia-projekt-zum-kriegsgrund-wie-das-kartell-der-sonnen-gegen-venezuela-instrumentalisiert-wird%2F&amp;sessionId=eee76539e89e18d5f6179c13f8c2598c757abab5&amp;theme=light&amp;widgetsVersion=2615f7e52b7e0%3A1702314776716&amp;width=550px\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-tweet-id=\"2000529772221259906\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Investigativn\u00ed novin\u00e1\u0159 Max Blumenthal s touto verz\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u011b nesouhlas\u00ed. V rozhovorech tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee \u201eKartel slunc\u00ed\u201c nebyl p\u016fvodn\u011b venezuelsk\u00fdm n\u00e1strojem moci, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e produktem CIA a americk\u00e9ho protidrogov\u00e9ho \u00fa\u0159adu (DEA) z \u00e9ry Reagana.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span dir=\"auto\">Kartel studen\u00e9 v\u00e1lky<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Podle Blumenthala vznikl \u201eKartel slunc\u00ed\u201c v 80. letech 20. stolet\u00ed, kdy USA vedly tajnou v\u00e1lku v Latinsk\u00e9 Americe. Jeho c\u00edlem bylo monitorovat mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed kokainov\u00e9 trasy a identifikovat hlavn\u00ed obchodn\u00edky s drogami ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech. Metoda: pa\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed bylo z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b povoleno za \u00fa\u010delem zmapov\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00edt\u00ed \u2013 tato praxe byla intern\u011b popisov\u00e1na jako \u201enech\u00e1n\u00ed drogy plynout\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">V centru t\u011bchto operac\u00ed byla Venezuela, tehdy je\u0161t\u011b pod proamerickou vl\u00e1dou Punta Fija, dlouho p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e se Hugo Ch\u00e1vez stal prezidentem. Americk\u00e9 zpravodajsk\u00e9 slu\u017eby \u00fadajn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edvaly kontakty ve Venezuelsk\u00e9 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed gard\u011b a tolerovaly tranzit kokainu p\u0159es zemi za \u00fa\u010delem shroma\u017e\u010fov\u00e1n\u00ed informac\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span dir=\"auto\">Odhalen\u00ed a d\u016fsledky<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Tato praxe nez\u016fstala dlouho v tajnosti. Na za\u010d\u00e1tku 90. let novin\u00e1\u0159 Tim Weiner v\u00a0<\/span><em><span dir=\"auto\">New York Times<\/span><\/em><span dir=\"auto\">\u00a0informoval o tom, \u017ee v souvislosti s t\u011bmito operacemi byli propu\u0161t\u011bni d\u016fstojn\u00edci CIA. O n\u011bkolik let pozd\u011bji se t\u00edmto t\u00e9matem zab\u00fdval zpravodajsk\u00fd po\u0159ad\u00a0<\/span><em><span dir=\"auto\">60 Minutes<\/span><\/em><span dir=\"auto\">\u00a0. Ve zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed report\u00e1\u017ei vysoce postaven\u00fd venezuelsk\u00fd d\u016fstojn\u00edk p\u0159ed kamerou uvedl, \u017ee v r\u00e1mci t\u011bchto tajn\u00fdch aktivit se do Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f dostalo p\u0159es 20 tun kokainu \u2013 v\u00fdrazn\u011b v\u00edce, ne\u017e se d\u0159\u00edve myslelo.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">D\u016fsledky byly re\u00e1ln\u00e9, \u0159ekl Blumenthal: Americk\u00fd trh s drogami a obyvatelstvo nesly hlavn\u00ed t\u00edhu t\u00e9to politiky. Pot\u00e9 term\u00edn \u201eKartel slunc\u00ed\u201c z ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 debaty do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry zmizel. Venezuela nebyla pova\u017eov\u00e1na ani za v\u00fdznamn\u00e9ho producenta, ani za hlavn\u00ed pa\u0161er\u00e1ckou trasu, zejm\u00e9na ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed se zem\u011bmi, jako je Kolumbie. Podle p\u0159evl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00edho americk\u00e9ho narativu zem\u011b nehraje \u017e\u00e1dnou roli ani v sou\u010dasn\u00e9m obchodu s fentanylem.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span dir=\"auto\">O\u017eiven\u00ed star\u00e9ho jm\u00e9na<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">O n\u011bkolik desetilet\u00ed pozd\u011bji se \u201eKartel slunc\u00ed\u201c znovu objevil \u2013 tentokr\u00e1t jako \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed bod strategie st\u00edh\u00e1n\u00ed Madurov\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy. Tehdej\u0161\u00ed americk\u00fd gener\u00e1ln\u00ed prokur\u00e1tor William Barr, kter\u00fd ji\u017e sehr\u00e1l roli v af\u00e9\u0159e \u00cdr\u00e1n-Contras, klasifikoval \u00fadajn\u00fd kartel jako teroristickou organizaci a p\u0159\u00edmo jej spojil s venezuelsk\u00fdm veden\u00edm.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Pro Blumenthala to nen\u00ed n\u00e1hoda, ale sou\u010d\u00e1st \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed politick\u00e9 agendy. \u201eV\u00e1lka proti drog\u00e1m\u201c slou\u017e\u00ed po cel\u00e1 desetilet\u00ed jako z\u00e1st\u011brka pro vliv USA a zm\u011bnu re\u017eim\u016f, zejm\u00e9na na z\u00e1padn\u00ed polokouli. Op\u011btovn\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed term\u00ednu, kter\u00fd vytvo\u0159ily samotn\u00e9 americk\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady, umo\u017e\u0148uje znovu aktivovat star\u00e9 narativy a legitimizovat nov\u00e9 sankce, ob\u017ealoby nebo dokonce vojensk\u00e9 akce.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span dir=\"auto\">Narativ s geopolitickou funkc\u00ed<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">A\u0165 u\u017e s Blumenthalov\u00fdm hodnocen\u00edm souhlas\u00edme, nebo ne, jeho v\u00fdzkum vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 ot\u00e1zky. Ty se t\u00fdkaj\u00ed nejen historie tajn\u00fdch operac\u00ed USA v Latinsk\u00e9 Americe, ale tak\u00e9 politick\u00e9 instrumentalizace pojm\u016f a sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f hrozeb. \u201eKartel slunc\u00ed\u201c se jev\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b jako jasn\u011b definovan\u00e1 zlo\u010dineck\u00e1 organizace a sp\u00ed\u0161e jako flexibiln\u00ed narativ, kter\u00fd je reinterpretov\u00e1n v z\u00e1vislosti na geopolitick\u00e9 situaci.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">\u00dast\u0159edn\u00ed teze zn\u00ed: Co kdysi za\u010dalo jako tajn\u00e1 operace, nyn\u00ed slou\u017e\u00ed jako ve\u0159ejn\u00fd argument. A v pozad\u00ed se skr\u00fdv\u00e1 star\u00e1, opakuj\u00edc\u00ed se logika americk\u00e9 zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politiky \u2013 zm\u011bna re\u017eim\u016f pod m\u011bn\u00edc\u00edmi se z\u00e1minkami.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1185\" src=\"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/kuryr-podpis.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"84\" height=\"24\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Od Reaganovy \u00e9ry a\u017e do sou\u010dasnosti se z minulosti opakovan\u011b vytahuje jedno jm\u00e9no. Investigativn\u00ed novin\u00e1\u0159&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":83235,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[9547,109,181],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/94815"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=94815"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/94815\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/83235"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=94815"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=94815"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=94815"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}