{"id":93853,"date":"2025-12-05T00:15:49","date_gmt":"2025-12-04T23:15:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=93853"},"modified":"2025-12-04T08:33:47","modified_gmt":"2025-12-04T07:33:47","slug":"studie-odhaluje-data-o-covidu-umrti-po-ockovani-v-ranych-fazich-byla-zapocitana-jako-neockovana","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/12\/05\/studie-odhaluje-data-o-covidu-umrti-po-ockovani-v-ranych-fazich-byla-zapocitana-jako-neockovana\/","title":{"rendered":"Studie odhaluje data o Covidu: \u00famrt\u00ed po o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed v ran\u00fdch f\u00e1z\u00edch byla zapo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1na jako neo\u010dkovan\u00e1"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1fb4c2c elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-content\" data-id=\"1fb4c2c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-content.default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Nov\u00e1\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/08916934.2025.2562972\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/08916934.2025.2562972\"><span dir=\"auto\">studie<\/span><\/a><span dir=\"auto\">\u00a0z italsk\u00e9ho regionu\u00a0<\/span><strong><span dir=\"auto\">Emilia-Romagna<\/span><\/strong><span dir=\"auto\">\u00a0, zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e1 3. listopadu 2025, zpochyb\u0148uje kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 prvky ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed komunikace o Covid-19. V\u00fdzkum zkoum\u00e1 tzv.\u00a0<\/span><strong><span dir=\"auto\">\u201ezkreslen\u00ed okna pro po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f\u201c<\/span><\/strong><span dir=\"auto\">\u00a0\u2013 pravidlo, podle kter\u00e9ho je osoba\u00a0<\/span><strong><span dir=\"auto\">pova\u017eov\u00e1na za \u201eo\u010dkovanou\u201c a\u017e 14 dn\u00ed po o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/span><\/strong><span dir=\"auto\">\u00a0. Do t\u00e9 doby je v datech nad\u00e1le\u00a0<\/span><strong><span dir=\"auto\">uv\u00e1d\u011bna jako \u201eneo\u010dkovan\u00e1\u201c<\/span><\/strong><span dir=\"auto\">\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Zd\u00e1nliv\u011b nepodstatn\u00fd detail se nakonec uk\u00e1\u017ee jako\u00a0<\/span><strong><span dir=\"auto\">masivn\u00ed statistick\u00e9 zkreslen\u00ed s politick\u00fdmi d\u016fsledky<\/span><\/strong><span dir=\"auto\">\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><span dir=\"auto\">Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed: \u00damrt\u00ed po o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed v p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e9 f\u00e1zi byla automaticky zapo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1na jako \u201eneo\u010dkovan\u00e1\u201c.<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Anal\u00fdza ukazuje:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span dir=\"auto\">Pokud n\u011bkdo\u00a0zem\u0159el\u00a0<\/span><strong><span dir=\"auto\">kr\u00e1tce po o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed ,<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><span dir=\"auto\">Toto \u00famrt\u00ed bylo\u00a0<\/span><strong><span dir=\"auto\">systematicky p\u0159ipisov\u00e1no skupin\u011b \u201eneo\u010dkovan\u00fdch\u201c lid\u00ed<\/span><\/strong><span dir=\"auto\">\u00a0\u2013 a\u00a0<\/span><strong><span dir=\"auto\">nikoli<\/span><\/strong><span dir=\"auto\">\u00a0o\u010dkovan\u00fdm lidem.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci poukazuj\u00ed na to, \u017ee tato klasifika\u010dn\u00ed logika:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span dir=\"auto\">um\u011ble zvy\u0161ovali<\/span><\/strong><span dir=\"auto\">\u00a0\u00famrtnost neo\u010dkovan\u00fdch\u00a0,<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span dir=\"auto\">a z\u00e1rove\u0148\u00a0<\/span><strong><span dir=\"auto\">um\u011ble sni\u017euje<\/span><\/strong><span dir=\"auto\">\u00a0\u00famrtnost o\u010dkovan\u00fdch .<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">D\u016fsledek:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span dir=\"auto\">Zkreslen\u00fd obraz reality.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">K\u0159ivky \u00famrtnosti, kter\u00e9 slou\u017eily jako z\u00e1klad pro politick\u00e1 rozhodnut\u00ed b\u011bhem pandemie, mohly\u00a0b\u00fdt v d\u016fsledku toho\u00a0<\/span><strong><span dir=\"auto\">nespr\u00e1vn\u011b interpretov\u00e1ny .<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><span dir=\"auto\">Statistick\u00fd \u201edozvuk\u201c: Pro\u010d se k\u0159ivky okam\u017eit\u011b nevrat\u00ed zp\u011bt<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Jeden vzorec je obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b patrn\u00fd:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Po rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdch o\u010dkovac\u00edch kampan\u00edch data uk\u00e1zala\u00a0<\/span><strong><span dir=\"auto\">trval\u00fd, neobvykl\u00fd n\u00e1r\u016fst \u00famrtnosti mezi \u201eneo\u010dkovanou\u201c skupinou<\/span><\/strong><span dir=\"auto\">\u00a0, kter\u00fd:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span dir=\"auto\">nespadl hned<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span dir=\"auto\">ale p\u0159etrv\u00e1valo t\u00fddny<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span dir=\"auto\">a\u010dkoli po\u010det skute\u010dn\u011b neo\u010dkovan\u00fdch lid\u00ed se ve stejn\u00e9m obdob\u00ed sn\u00ed\u017eil.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Auto\u0159i to p\u0159ipisuj\u00ed\u00a0<\/span><strong><span dir=\"auto\">p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm<\/span><\/strong><span dir=\"auto\">\u00a0chybn\u00e9 klasifikaci:<\/span><br \/>\n<span dir=\"auto\">Mnoho lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed ji\u017e byli o\u010dkov\u00e1ni, bylo i nad\u00e1le uvedeno jako \u201eneo\u010dkovan\u00ed\u201c, dokud platilo 14denn\u00ed pravidlo.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Tento vzorec byl zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00a0<\/span><strong><span dir=\"auto\">v n\u011bkolika v\u011bkov\u00fdch skupin\u00e1ch<\/span><\/strong><span dir=\"auto\">\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><span dir=\"auto\">Pro\u010d je to tak v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00e9: Tato zaujatost je metodick\u00e1 \u2013 a mo\u017en\u00e1 v\u0161ude.<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed v\u011bdecky objektivn\u00ed, ale jejich anal\u00fdza m\u00e1 dalekos\u00e1hl\u00e9 d\u016fsledky:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span dir=\"auto\">Zkreslen\u00ed\u00a0<\/span><strong><span dir=\"auto\">v\u017edy<\/span><\/strong><span dir=\"auto\">\u00a0vznik\u00e1 , kdy\u017e studie nebo autority definuj\u00ed status o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed jako platn\u00fd a\u017e po 14 dnech.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span dir=\"auto\">Nen\u00ed to\u00a0<\/span><strong><span dir=\"auto\">probl\u00e9m specifick\u00fd pro It\u00e1lii<\/span><\/strong><span dir=\"auto\">\u00a0, ale\u00a0<\/span><strong><span dir=\"auto\">z\u00e1sadn\u00ed metodologick\u00fd probl\u00e9m<\/span><\/strong><span dir=\"auto\">\u00a0, kter\u00fd se m\u016f\u017ee vyskytnout po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span dir=\"auto\">Ke stejn\u00e9mu zkreslen\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt v\u0161ude, kde byly pou\u017eity stejn\u00e9 14denn\u00ed definice.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><span dir=\"auto\">Samotn\u00e1 studie neuv\u00e1d\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 zem\u011b.<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><span dir=\"auto\">Zd\u016fraz\u0148uje v\u0161ak, \u017ee toto zkreslen\u00ed je struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed \u2013 jde o \u201echybu n\u00e1vrhu\u201c.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">To ponech\u00e1v\u00e1 otev\u0159enou n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed ot\u00e1zku:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span dir=\"auto\">Je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee mnoho n\u00e1rodn\u00edch statistik o Covidu obsahovalo stejn\u00e9 zkreslen\u00ed.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><span dir=\"auto\">Kontext: Pro\u010d byla tato zaujatost tak politicky siln\u00e1<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">B\u011bhem pandemie byla data o \u00famrtnosti po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na k vyv\u00edjen\u00ed politick\u00e9ho tlaku:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span dir=\"auto\">Neo\u010dkovan\u00ed lid\u00e9 jsou \u201enebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed\u201c<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span dir=\"auto\">Neo\u010dkovan\u00ed lid\u00e9 maj\u00ed \u201evy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u00famrtnost\u201c.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span dir=\"auto\">&#8222;Neo\u010dkovan\u00ed zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed, \u017ee se jednotky intenzivn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de pln\u00ed.&#8220;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Pokud by se v\u0161ak \u00famrt\u00ed po o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed v ran\u00e9m st\u00e1diu\u00a0<\/span><strong><span dir=\"auto\">automaticky zaznamen\u00e1vala jako neo\u010dkovan\u00ed<\/span><\/strong><span dir=\"auto\">\u00a0, vyno\u0159oval by se nov\u00fd obraz:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Data, na nich\u017e bylo zalo\u017eeno mnoho narativ\u016f,\u00a0<\/span><strong><span dir=\"auto\">byla zkreslen\u00e1 \u2013 struktur\u00e1ln\u011b i syst\u00e9mov\u011b<\/span><\/strong><span dir=\"auto\">\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">To neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee vl\u00e1dy nebo \u00fa\u0159ady \u00famysln\u011b manipulovaly s daty.<\/span><br \/>\n<span dir=\"auto\">Studie to netvrd\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Ale:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span dir=\"auto\">Tato zaujatost m\u011bla politicky motivovan\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinek \u2013 a tato zaujatost se velmi dob\u0159e shodovala s ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed komunikac\u00ed.<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><span dir=\"auto\">Chybn\u00e1 metoda s\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed poskytla z\u00e1klad pro kampan\u011b proti neo\u010dkovan\u00fdm.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><span dir=\"auto\">Statistiky je t\u0159eba p\u0159ehodnotit.<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Nov\u00e1 studie z oblasti Emilia-Romagna vyz\u00fdv\u00e1 k politick\u00e9mu a v\u011bdeck\u00e9mu p\u0159ezkoum\u00e1n\u00ed:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span dir=\"auto\">Byla tato p\u0159edpojatost pou\u017eita i v jin\u00fdch zem\u00edch?<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span dir=\"auto\">Jak moc zkreslil data o \u00famrtnosti po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b?<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span dir=\"auto\">Kolik studi\u00ed, kter\u00e9 byly \u0161iroce citov\u00e1ny v m\u00e9di\u00edch, politice a v\u011bd\u011b, je t\u0159eba p\u0159ehodnotit?<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Vyvst\u00e1v\u00e1 jedna ot\u00e1zka:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span dir=\"auto\">Do jak\u00e9 m\u00edry byla takzvan\u00e1 \u201epandemie neo\u010dkovan\u00fdch\u201c v\u00fdsledkem statistick\u00e9 chyby?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8c57238 quelle dc-has-condition dc-condition-empty elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8c57238\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/08916934.2025.2562972\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span dir=\"auto\">Zdroj<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nov\u00e1\u00a0studie\u00a0z italsk\u00e9ho regionu\u00a0Emilia-Romagna\u00a0, zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e1 3. listopadu 2025, zpochyb\u0148uje kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 prvky ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed komunikace o Covid-19. V\u00fdzkum&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":48730,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[23,213,839,523],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/93853"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=93853"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/93853\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/48730"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=93853"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=93853"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=93853"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}