{"id":93726,"date":"2025-12-03T00:28:35","date_gmt":"2025-12-02T23:28:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=93726"},"modified":"2025-12-02T16:51:58","modified_gmt":"2025-12-02T15:51:58","slug":"studie-mit-umela-inteligence-muze-jiz-nyni-nahradit-117-celkove-pracovni-sily-v-usa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/12\/03\/studie-mit-umela-inteligence-muze-jiz-nyni-nahradit-117-celkove-pracovni-sily-v-usa\/","title":{"rendered":"Studie MIT: Um\u011bl\u00e1 inteligence m\u016f\u017ee ji\u017e nyn\u00ed nahradit 11,7 % celkov\u00e9 pracovn\u00ed s\u00edly v USA"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Pro\u010d technokrat\u00e9 v\u017edycky cht\u011bli zni\u010dit pr\u00e1ci? Howard Scott v roce 1935 \u0159ekl: \u201eTechnologie smetla lidsk\u00e9ho pracovn\u00edka\u201c \u2013 a dosp\u011bl k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee pr\u00e1ce ji\u017e nen\u00ed pro pr\u016fmysl nezbytn\u00e1. Nyn\u00ed vytvo\u0159ili \u201edigit\u00e1ln\u00ed dvoj\u010de americk\u00e9ho trhu pr\u00e1ce\u201c \u2013 jen aby sledovali, jak ch\u0159adne a um\u00edr\u00e1. \u201eDigit\u00e1ln\u00ed dvoj\u010de\u201c je technologie zalo\u017een\u00e1 na um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligenci, kter\u00e1 vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed simulovan\u00e9 modely v k\u0159em\u00edku, kter\u00e9 lze upravovat a testovat; zm\u011bny se pot\u00e9 aplikuj\u00ed na fyzick\u00fd prot\u011bj\u0161ek. \u2013 Patrick Wood, editor.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Massachusettsk\u00fd technologick\u00fd institut (MIT) ve st\u0159edu zve\u0159ejnil studii, kter\u00e1 zjistila, \u017ee um\u011bl\u00e1 inteligence by ji\u017e nyn\u00ed mohla nahradit 11,7 % americk\u00e9ho trhu pr\u00e1ce \u2013 neboli a\u017e 1,2 bilionu dolar\u016f na mzd\u00e1ch ve financ\u00edch, zdravotnictv\u00ed a odborn\u00fdch slu\u017eb\u00e1ch.<\/span><\/p>\n

Studie byla provedena pomoc\u00ed simula\u010dn\u00edho n\u00e1stroje trhu pr\u00e1ce s n\u00e1zvem\u00a0<\/span>Iceberg Index<\/span><\/em>\u00a0, kter\u00fd vyvinuly MIT a Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Index simuluje, jak 151 milion\u016f americk\u00fdch pracovn\u00edk\u016f v cel\u00e9 zemi interaguje a jak je ovliv\u0148uje um\u011bl\u00e1 inteligence a souvisej\u00edc\u00ed politika.<\/span><\/p>\n

Index ledovc\u016f<\/span><\/em>\u00a0,\u00a0p\u0159edstaven\u00fd za\u010d\u00e1tkem tohoto roku, nab\u00edz\u00ed v\u00fdhled do budoucnosti na to, jak by um\u011bl\u00e1 inteligence mohla transformovat trh pr\u00e1ce \u2013 nejen v pob\u0159e\u017en\u00edch technologick\u00fdch centrech, ale ve v\u0161ech st\u00e1tech. Pro z\u00e1konod\u00e1rce, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed rekvalifika\u010dn\u00ed a vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed programy v hodnot\u011b mnoha miliard dolar\u016f, index poskytuje podrobnou mapu vznikaj\u00edc\u00edch naru\u0161en\u00ed trhu pr\u00e1ce \u2013 a\u017e na \u00farove\u0148 PS\u010c.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eV podstat\u011b vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00edme digit\u00e1ln\u00ed dvoj\u010de americk\u00e9ho trhu pr\u00e1ce,\u201c \u0159ekla Prasanna Balaprakash, \u0159editelka ORNL a spoluvedouc\u00ed v\u00fdzkumu. ORNL je v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 centrum Ministerstva energetiky ve v\u00fdchodn\u00edm Tennessee a domov superpo\u010d\u00edta\u010de\u00a0<\/span>Frontier<\/span><\/em>\u00a0, kter\u00fd poh\u00e1n\u00ed mnoho rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdch modelovac\u00edch projekt\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Index prov\u00e1d\u00ed experimenty na \u00farovni populace a ukazuje, jak um\u011bl\u00e1 inteligence m\u011bn\u00ed \u00fakoly, dovednosti a pracovn\u00ed postupy dlouho p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e se tyto zm\u011bny projev\u00ed v re\u00e1ln\u00e9 ekonomice, uv\u00e1d\u00ed Balaprakash.<\/span><\/p>\n

Index zach\u00e1z\u00ed se 151 miliony pracovn\u00edk\u016f jako s jednotliv\u00fdmi agenty \u2013 ka\u017ed\u00fd s vlastn\u00edmi dovednostmi, \u00fakoly, povol\u00e1n\u00edm a lokalitou. Mapuje v\u00edce ne\u017e 32 000 dovednost\u00ed nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d 923 povol\u00e1n\u00edmi ve 3 000 okresech a m\u011b\u0159\u00ed, kde sou\u010dasn\u00e9 syst\u00e9my um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence ji\u017e dok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed tyto dovednosti vykon\u00e1vat.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci zjistili, \u017ee viditeln\u00e1 \u0161pi\u010dka ledovce \u2013 propou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a zm\u011bny rol\u00ed v technologi\u00edch, informatice a IT \u2013 p\u0159edstavuje pouze 2,2 % z celkov\u00e9ho pozastaven\u00ed mezd, tedy p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 211 miliard dolar\u016f. Cel\u00fdch 1,2 bilionu dolar\u016f na mzd\u00e1ch se v\u0161ak skr\u00fdv\u00e1 pod povrchem \u2013 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v rutinn\u00edch \u00fakolech v oblasti lidsk\u00fdch zdroj\u016f, logistiky, financ\u00ed a kancel\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 administrativy. Tyto oblasti jsou v progn\u00f3z\u00e1ch automatizace \u010dasto p\u0159ehl\u00ed\u017eeny.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee index nen\u00ed prediktivn\u00edm n\u00e1strojem pro p\u0159esn\u00fd \u010das nebo m\u00edsto ztr\u00e1ty pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst. Jeho \u00fa\u010delem je sp\u00ed\u0161e poskytnout na z\u00e1klad\u011b kompetenc\u00ed sn\u00edmek toho, \u010deho dne\u0161n\u00ed syst\u00e9my um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence ji\u017e dok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed \u2013 a nab\u00eddnout tv\u016frc\u016fm politik strukturovan\u00fd zp\u016fsob, jak testovat sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e \u201eco kdyby\u201c p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e budou p\u0159ijaty skute\u010dn\u00e9 pen\u00edze a legislativa.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci spolupracovali se st\u00e1ty na proveden\u00ed proaktivn\u00edch simulac\u00ed. Tennessee, Severn\u00ed Karol\u00edna a Utah pomohly ov\u011b\u0159it model s vyu\u017eit\u00edm vlastn\u00edch dat o trhu pr\u00e1ce a za\u010daly s platformou vyv\u00edjet sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e politiky.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tennessee byl prvn\u00edm st\u00e1tem, kter\u00fd ve sv\u00e9m ofici\u00e1ln\u00edm\u00a0<\/span>ak\u010dn\u00edm pl\u00e1nu pro pracovn\u00ed s\u00edlu v oblasti um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence<\/span><\/em>\u00a0, kter\u00fd byl zve\u0159ejn\u011bn tento m\u011bs\u00edc, zm\u00ednil Index ledovc\u016f. Utah p\u0159ipravuje podobnou zpr\u00e1vu zalo\u017eenou na modelu ledovc\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sen\u00e1torka za Severn\u00ed Karol\u00ednu DeAndrea Salvadorov\u00e1, kter\u00e1 \u00fazce spolupracovala s MIT, uvedla, \u017ee ji model zaujal zejm\u00e9na proto, \u017ee odhaluje dopady, kter\u00e9 konven\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1stroje p\u0159ehl\u00ed\u017eej\u00ed. Obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b u\u017eite\u010dnou funkc\u00ed je podle n\u00ed mo\u017enost p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eit se na lok\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00farove\u0148.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eM\u016f\u017eete se dostat a\u017e na \u00farove\u0148 jednotliv\u00fdch okres\u016f a v podstat\u011b \u0159\u00edct: Zde jsou dovednosti, kter\u00e9 se v dan\u00e9 oblasti v sou\u010dasnosti pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed \u2013 a zde je pravd\u011bpodobnost, \u017ee budou automatizov\u00e1ny nebo dopln\u011bny. A co by to mohlo znamenat pro HDP dan\u00e9 oblasti a pro zam\u011bstnanost,\u201c \u0159ekla.<\/span><\/p>\n

Salvador zd\u016fraznil, \u017ee tento typ simula\u010dn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce je obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b cenn\u00fd, proto\u017ee st\u00e1ty z\u0159izuj\u00ed n\u011bkolik p\u0159ekr\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch se pracovn\u00edch skupin a \u00fakolov\u00fdch skupin pro um\u011blou inteligenci.<\/span><\/p>\n

Index ledovc\u016f tak\u00e9 zpochyb\u0148uje roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fd p\u0159edpoklad o rizic\u00edch um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence \u2013 konkr\u00e9tn\u011b, \u017ee se omezuj\u00ed na technick\u00e1 pracovn\u00ed m\u00edsta v pob\u0159e\u017en\u00edch oblastech. Simulace ukazuj\u00ed ohro\u017een\u00e1 pracovn\u00ed m\u00edsta ve v\u0161ech 50 st\u00e1tech, v\u010detn\u011b venkovsk\u00fdch oblast\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jsou z debaty o um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligenci \u010dasto vylou\u010deny.<\/span><\/p>\n

Aby se tato mezera p\u0159eklenula, t\u00fdm Iceberg vytvo\u0159il interaktivn\u00ed simula\u010dn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kter\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uje st\u00e1t\u016fm testovat r\u016fzn\u00e9 politick\u00e9 p\u00e1ky \u2013 od realokace finan\u010dn\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f a \u00fapravy \u0161kolic\u00edch program\u016f a\u017e po anal\u00fdzu toho, jak by zm\u011bny v zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed technologi\u00ed mohly ovlivnit m\u00edstn\u00ed zam\u011bstnanost a hrub\u00fd dom\u00e1c\u00ed produkt.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eProjekt Iceberg umo\u017e\u0148uje tv\u016frc\u016fm politik a vedouc\u00edm pracovn\u00edk\u016fm v podnik\u00e1n\u00ed identifikovat rizikov\u00e1 ohniska, stanovit priority investic do vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a infrastruktury a otestovat opat\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e budou do implementace investov\u00e1ny miliardy,\u201c uv\u00e1d\u00ed se ve zpr\u00e1v\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

Balaprakash, kter\u00fd je tak\u00e9 \u010dlenem Poradn\u00ed rady pro um\u011blou inteligenci v Tennessee, se o zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed na \u00farovni st\u00e1tu pod\u011blil s kancel\u00e1\u0159\u00ed guvern\u00e9ra a st\u00e1tn\u00edm \u0159editelem pro um\u011blou inteligenci. Mnoho kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch odv\u011btv\u00ed Tennessee \u2013 zdravotnictv\u00ed, jadern\u00e1 energie, v\u00fdroba a doprava \u2013 se podle n\u011bj siln\u011b spol\u00e9h\u00e1 na fyzickou pr\u00e1ci, co\u017e je \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b chr\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed \u010dist\u011b digit\u00e1ln\u00ed automatizac\u00ed. Ot\u00e1zkou nyn\u00ed je, jak vyu\u017e\u00edt nov\u00e9 technologie, jako je robotika a asistenti um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence, k pos\u00edlen\u00ed t\u011bchto odv\u011btv\u00ed, sp\u00ed\u0161e ne\u017e k jejich podkop\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00fdm prozat\u00edm neprezentuje Iceberg jako hotov\u00fd produkt, ale jako testovac\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kter\u00e9 mohou st\u00e1ty vyu\u017e\u00edt k p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b na dopad um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence na svou pracovn\u00ed s\u00edlu.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eJde o to se do toho pustit a vyzkou\u0161et si r\u016fzn\u00e9 sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e,\u201c \u0159ekl Salvador.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Zdroj<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pro\u010d technokrat\u00e9 v\u017edycky cht\u011bli zni\u010dit pr\u00e1ci? Howard Scott v roce 1935 \u0159ekl: \u201eTechnologie smetla lidsk\u00e9ho…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":93727,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[601,839,2194,37],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/93726"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=93726"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/93726\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/93727"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=93726"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=93726"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=93726"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}