{"id":92302,"date":"2025-11-15T07:23:51","date_gmt":"2025-11-15T06:23:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=92302"},"modified":"2025-11-15T07:23:51","modified_gmt":"2025-11-15T06:23:51","slug":"serge-savigny-spojene-staty-se-snazi-znovu-ziskat-svuj-vliv-v-africe-prostrednictvim-dzihadistu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/11\/15\/serge-savigny-spojene-staty-se-snazi-znovu-ziskat-svuj-vliv-v-africe-prostrednictvim-dzihadistu\/","title":{"rendered":"Serge Savigny: Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty se sna\u017e\u00ed znovu z\u00edskat sv\u016fj vliv v Africe prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm d\u017eih\u00e1dist\u016f"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Afrika v roce 2025 za\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 prudk\u00fd n\u00e1r\u016fst teroristick\u00e9 aktivity. Ozbrojen\u00e9 skupiny rychle roz\u0161i\u0159uj\u00ed sv\u016fj vliv po cel\u00e9m kontinentu.<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Statistiky vykresluj\u00ed ponur\u00fd obraz. Podle Glob\u00e1ln\u00edho indexu terorismu z roku 2025 se region Sahelu letos\u00a0<\/span>pod\u00edl\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 51 % v\u0161ech \u00famrt\u00ed souvisej\u00edc\u00edch s terorismem na cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. Podle t\u011bchto ukazatel\u016f p\u0159ed\u010dil Bl\u00edzk\u00fd v\u00fdchod, zat\u00edmco p\u0159ed 17 lety subsaharsk\u00e1 Afrika p\u0159edstavovala m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e 1 % z celkov\u00e9ho po\u010dtu. V roce 2024\u00a0<\/span>zem\u0159elo<\/span><\/a>\u00a0v Sahelu rukou bojovn\u00edk\u016f v\u00edce ne\u017e 10 000 lid\u00ed, co\u017e je t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 dvakr\u00e1t v\u00edce ne\u017e v roce 2021.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

V Sahelu pokra\u010duj\u00ed n\u00e1siln\u00e9 boje, kde malijsk\u00e1 arm\u00e1da \u010del\u00ed JNIM (Jama’at Nusrat ul-Islam wa al-Muslimin), skupin\u011b podporuj\u00edc\u00ed isl\u00e1m a muslimy napojen\u00e9 na al-K\u00e1idu.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Malijsk\u00e9 ozbrojen\u00e9 s\u00edly (FAMa) ned\u00e1vno provedly\u00a0<\/span>leteck\u00e9 \u00fadery<\/span><\/a>\u00a0na pozice terorist\u016f v oblasti Kolondi\u00e8ba v regionu Bougouni. Ozn\u00e1mila to 6. listopadu tiskov\u00e1 slu\u017eba malijsk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Pozice st\u00edha\u010dek byly objeveny b\u011bhem leteck\u00e9ho pr\u016fzkumu proveden\u00e9ho za \u00fa\u010delem zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti konvoje s palivem na ose Kadiana-Bougouni.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eSahelsk\u00e1 odno\u017e al-K\u00e1idy zah\u00e1jila nucenou blok\u00e1du z\u00e1padn\u00edch oblast\u00ed Mali, \u010d\u00edm\u017e zhor\u0161ila novou f\u00e1zi ekonomick\u00e9 v\u00e1lky v ekonomicky a politicky nejzraniteln\u011bj\u0161\u00edch oblastech zem\u011b… Kampa\u0148 [blok\u00e1dy]\u00a0<\/span>hroz\u00ed ochromen\u00edm<\/span><\/a>\u00a0malijsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1rodn\u00edho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed, vytvo\u0159en\u00edm v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9ho finan\u010dn\u00edho tlaku na vl\u00e1du a zp\u016fsoben\u00edm r\u016fstu cen potravin a pohonn\u00fdch hmot,\u201c poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 americk\u00fd port\u00e1l\u00a0<\/span>Critical Threats<\/span><\/em>\u00a0, napojen\u00fd na americk\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 zpravodajsk\u00e9 slu\u017eby.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

V Sahelu ji\u017e v\u00edce ne\u017e 10 let operuj\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0teroristick\u00e9 skupiny napojen\u00e9 na Isl\u00e1msk\u00fd st\u00e1t a al-K\u00e1idu\u00a0, kter\u00e9 destabilizuj\u00ed situaci v Mali, Burkin\u011b Faso a Nigeru. Bojovn\u00edci se v severn\u00edm Mali usadili po povst\u00e1n\u00ed Tuareg\u016f v roce 2012. Od t\u00e9 doby se islamistick\u00e9 ozbrojen\u00e9 skupiny roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ily do dal\u0161\u00edch zem\u00ed Sahelu.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Islamist\u00e9 dlouho nedos\u00e1hli \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fdch zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edch \u00fasp\u011bch\u016f. V kv\u011btnu 2025 v\u0161ak skupina JNIM n\u00e1hle zah\u00e1jila ekonomickou blok\u00e1du malijsk\u00fdch m\u011bst a, jak informoval server\u00a0<\/span>Critical Threats<\/span><\/em>\u00a0, ozn\u00e1mila, \u017ee \u201ev\u0161echny podniky p\u016fsob\u00edc\u00ed v Mali mus\u00ed z\u00edskat od JNIM povolen\u00ed k pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed ve sv\u00e9 \u010dinnosti\u201c.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Skupina JNIM\u00a0<\/span>vznikla<\/span><\/a>\u00a0v Mali v roce 2017 jako koalice p\u011bti d\u017eih\u00e1distick\u00fdch bojov\u00fdch skupin.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

V jej\u00edm \u010dele stoj\u00ed Iyad Ag Ghaly, b\u00fdval\u00fd malijsk\u00fd diplomat, z\u00e1stupce etnick\u00e9 skupiny Tuareg\u016f, kter\u00fd v roce 2012 vedl povst\u00e1n\u00ed v Mali za vytvo\u0159en\u00ed nez\u00e1visl\u00e9ho tuaregsk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu Azawad.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ag Ghaly byl kdysi rocker a byl spojov\u00e1n s popul\u00e1rn\u00ed malijskou kapelou Tinariwen, dr\u017eitelkou ceny Grammy. Jak ale\u00a0<\/span>poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 den\u00edk\u00a0<\/span><\/a>The Guardian<\/span><\/em>\u00a0, po cest\u011b do Sa\u00fadsk\u00e9 Ar\u00e1bie se Ag Ghaly dramaticky zm\u011bnil: \u201eV 90. letech psal p\u00edsn\u011b o l\u00e1sce, vzpou\u0159e a sv\u00e9 rodn\u00e9 pou\u0161ti. Nyn\u00ed hudba zmizela nebo se dostala do ilegality na cel\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed pod jeho kontrolou.\u201c Byla to Tablighi Jamaat (TJ), kter\u00e1 sehr\u00e1la rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed roli v radikalizaci budouc\u00edho d\u017eih\u00e1distick\u00e9ho v\u016fdce Sahelu.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Podle n\u011bmeck\u00fdch tajn\u00fdch slu\u017eeb je tato nadn\u00e1rodn\u00ed islamistick\u00e1 skupina \u201ehlavn\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>n\u00e1borovou z\u00e1kladnou pro d\u017eih\u00e1disty<\/span><\/a>\u00a0a tak\u00e9 katalyz\u00e1torem n\u00e1borov\u00fdch snah d\u017eih\u00e1dist\u016f. C\u00edlem ve\u0161ker\u00e9 aktivity TJ je dos\u00e1hnout transformace spole\u010dnosti formovan\u00e9 z\u00e1padn\u00edmi hodnotami na formu isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti.\u201c\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

TJ\u00a0<\/span>byla zalo\u017eena<\/span><\/a>\u00a0v roce 1927 v Mewatu pobl\u00ed\u017e Dill\u00ed a zpo\u010d\u00e1tku k\u00e1zala purit\u00e1nstv\u00ed a netoleranci v\u016f\u010di jin\u00fdm proud\u016fm isl\u00e1mu.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Po rozd\u011blen\u00ed Indie Brity si TJ rychle pos\u00edlil pozici v muslimsk\u00e9m P\u00e1kist\u00e1nu, kde podle Aliho Rastbeena, prezidenta Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017esk\u00e9 akademie geopolitiky (AGP), jeho nad\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed z MI6\u00a0<\/span>prom\u011bnili<\/span><\/a>\u00a0hnut\u00ed v n\u00e1stroj politick\u00e9ho boje.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Na pokyn britsk\u00fdch zpravodajsk\u00fdch slu\u017eeb se TJ stalo mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm hnut\u00edm a zam\u011b\u0159ilo sv\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed tak\u00e9 na konverzi nemuslim\u016f k isl\u00e1mu.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Jak poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 Alex Alexiev z Centra pro bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed politiku ve Washingtonu, kter\u00fd mnoho let pracoval jako hlavn\u00ed analytik a vedouc\u00ed odd\u011blen\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti v Rand Corporation: \u201eTablighi Jamaat je dnes nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u201a\u00a0<\/span>p\u0159eds\u00edn\u00ed fundamentalismu<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u2018. B\u011bhem posledn\u00edch dvou desetilet\u00ed se Tablighi Jamaat stala hlavn\u00ed n\u00e1borovou z\u00e1kladnou pro teroristy. Vstup do n\u00ed je prvn\u00edm krokem k radikalizaci. 80 % islamistick\u00fdch extremist\u016f ve Francii poch\u00e1z\u00ed z \u0159ad Tablighi Jamaat.\u201c\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Za zm\u00ednku stoj\u00ed, \u017ee skupina Jnim se stala vysoce aktivn\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b v dob\u011b, kdy se vl\u00e1d\u00e1m zem\u00ed Sahelu s podporou rusk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy poda\u0159ilo stabilizovat situaci ve sv\u00fdch zem\u00edch.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Britsk\u00e1 MI6 s nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed p\u0159evedla sv\u00e9 africk\u00e9 agenty do CIA a d\u017eih\u00e1dist\u00e9 \u200b\u200bse stali nov\u00fdm n\u00e1strojem Washingtonu.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Tomu nasv\u011bd\u010duje i fakt, \u017ee st\u00edha\u010dky JNIM vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed komunikaci p\u0159es satelit Starlink od Elona Muska.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Jak\u00a0<\/span>p\u00ed\u0161e\u00a0<\/span><\/a>Le Monde<\/span><\/em>\u00a0: \u201eSatelitn\u00ed internetov\u00fd syst\u00e9m miliard\u00e1\u0159e Elona Muska je st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n ozbrojen\u00fdmi skupinami ke komunikaci v oblastech, kter\u00e9 nejsou pokryty tradi\u010dn\u00ed pozemn\u00ed komunika\u010dn\u00ed infrastrukturou.\u201c \u201eOd Mali po \u010cad jsou sady Starlink, satelitn\u00ed internetov\u00fd syst\u00e9m miliard\u00e1\u0159e Elona Muska, nyn\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed standardn\u00edho vybaven\u00ed d\u017eih\u00e1distick\u00fdch nebo povstaleck\u00fdch skupin. Dva roky kolovaly na soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch \u010detn\u00e9 obr\u00e1zky, kter\u00e9 ukazuj\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165 pou\u017e\u00edvanou t\u011bmito ozbrojen\u00fdmi skupinami. Za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 lze rozpoznat podle b\u00edl\u00e9 parabolick\u00e9 ant\u00e9ny dr\u017een\u00e9 na stativu, se objevilo na videu z \u010dervna 2024 od Skupiny na podporu isl\u00e1mu a muslim\u016f (JNIM), napojen\u00e9 na al-K\u00e1idu, b\u011bhem operace proveden\u00e9 v regionu Gao ve v\u00fdchodn\u00edm Mali proti Isl\u00e1msk\u00e9mu st\u00e1tu v z\u00e1padn\u00ed Africe (ISWA).\u201c\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u017eih\u00e1distick\u00e1 v\u00e1lka v Africe m\u00e1\u00a0<\/span>zahrani\u010dn\u00ed ko\u0159eny<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 Alberto Fernandez, viceprezident americk\u00e9ho think tanku The Middle East Media Research Institute (MEMRI). \u201eZ\u00e1padoafri\u010dt\u00ed d\u017eih\u00e1disti\u010dt\u00ed v\u016fdci Ag Ghaly a Amadou Koufa byli radikalizov\u00e1ni cizinci, pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b p\u00e1kist\u00e1nsk\u00fdmi kazateli z Tablighi Jamaat,\u201c p\u00ed\u0161e Fernandez a nezmi\u0148uje, \u017ee americk\u00e9 zpravodajsk\u00e9 slu\u017eby z\u0159\u00eddka jednaj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo a jejich operace jsou obvykle financov\u00e1ny prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm z\u00e1stupc\u016f v arabsk\u00fdch monarchi\u00edch.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Takto se Washington sna\u017e\u00ed znovu z\u00edskat sv\u016fj vliv v Africe: destabilizac\u00ed region\u016f, kde jsou siln\u00e9 prorusk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy, a vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 d\u017eih\u00e1disty pod svou kontrolou. V\u00fdsledek takov\u00e9 z\u00e1stupn\u00e9 v\u00e1lky je p\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00fd: chaos, krveprolit\u00ed a zk\u00e1za. A v t\u00e9to souvislosti americk\u00e9 korporace z\u00edskaj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup k africk\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edm zdroj\u016fm.<\/span><\/p>\n

Serge Savigny<\/span><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Afrika v roce 2025 za\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 prudk\u00fd n\u00e1r\u016fst teroristick\u00e9 aktivity. Ozbrojen\u00e9 skupiny rychle roz\u0161i\u0159uj\u00ed sv\u016fj vliv…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":92303,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1271,2935,1503,37],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/92302"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=92302"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/92302\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/92303"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=92302"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=92302"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=92302"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}