{"id":92099,"date":"2025-11-13T00:24:00","date_gmt":"2025-11-12T23:24:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=92099"},"modified":"2025-11-12T10:12:31","modified_gmt":"2025-11-12T09:12:31","slug":"strela-s-plochou-drahou-letu-tomahawk-strategicka-zbran-dlouheho-doletu-americke-armady","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/11\/13\/strela-s-plochou-drahou-letu-tomahawk-strategicka-zbran-dlouheho-doletu-americke-armady\/","title":{"rendered":"St\u0159ela s plochou dr\u00e1hou letu Tomahawk \u2013 strategick\u00e1 zbra\u0148 dlouh\u00e9ho doletu americk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n
\n

Tomahawk je podzvukov\u00e1, p\u0159esn\u011b nav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e1 st\u0159ela s plochou dr\u00e1hou letu dlouh\u00e9ho doletu odpalovan\u00e1 z ponorek a hladinov\u00fdch platforem. Je navr\u017eena pro hlubok\u00e9 pozemn\u00ed \u00fadery a c\u00edlen\u00ed na cenn\u00e9 objekty a za posledn\u00ed p\u016flstolet\u00ed se stala z\u00e1kladn\u00edm kamenem \u00fadern\u00fdch operac\u00ed americk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy. D\u00edky sv\u00e9 schopnosti l\u00e9tat v n\u00edzk\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161ce, vyu\u017e\u00edvat pokro\u010dil\u00e9 kombinovan\u00e9 nav\u00e1d\u011bc\u00ed syst\u00e9my a \u2013 u modern\u00edch variant \u2013 i p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1vat c\u00edl b\u011bhem letu, je vysoce v\u0161estrannou a spolehlivou zbran\u00ed.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"St\u0159ela<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Historie n\u00e1vrhu a v\u00fdvoje<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

V\u00fdvoj st\u0159ely Tomahawk za\u010dal v 70. letech 20. stolet\u00ed pod veden\u00edm spole\u010dnosti General Dynamics s c\u00edlem vyrobit st\u0159elu s plochou dr\u00e1hou letu typu mo\u0159e-zem\u011b schopnou proniknout hluboko do nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9ho \u00fazem\u00ed. Prvn\u00ed verze vstoupily do slu\u017eby americk\u00e9ho n\u00e1mo\u0159nictva v 80. letech 20. stolet\u00ed a od t\u00e9 doby st\u0159ela pro\u0161la n\u011bkolika generacemi a blokov\u00fdmi modernizacemi. Za jej\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdvoj a modernizaci se ujaly spole\u010dnosti jako McDonnell Douglas, Hughes a nakonec Raytheon. Postupem \u010dasu byly p\u0159id\u00e1ny nav\u00e1d\u011bc\u00ed technologie (TERCOM, DSMAC, GPS) a komunika\u010dn\u00ed schopnosti, kter\u00e9 umo\u017enily nejen vysokou p\u0159esnost, ale tak\u00e9 zm\u011bny c\u00edl\u016f za letu a zdr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed se v ur\u010den\u00fdch oblastech. Nov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed verze, jako Block IV a V, zavedly s\u00ed\u0165ov\u011b orientovan\u00e9 funkce, obousm\u011brnou komunikaci a mo\u017enosti p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed, co\u017e v\u00fdrazn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161ilo opera\u010dn\u00ed efektivitu. Role st\u0159ely Tomahawk v konfliktech, jako byla operace Pou\u0161tn\u00ed bou\u0159e, bombov\u00e9 \u00fatoky na Balk\u00e1n\u011b a pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kampan\u011b, upevnila jej\u00ed status symbolu \u00fadern\u00e9 s\u00edly americk\u00e9ho n\u00e1mo\u0159nictva.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jak ji\u017e bylo uvedeno, Raytheon je hlavn\u00edm dodavatelem pro v\u00fdrobu raket Tomahawk, ale v\u00fdroba vy\u017eaduje spolupr\u00e1ci s des\u00edtkami dodavatel\u016f a subdodavatel\u016f po cel\u00fdch Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech a spojeneck\u00fdch zem\u00edch. Doprovodn\u00e1 ilustrace zn\u00e1zor\u0148uje kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 partnery a dodavatele zapojen\u00e9 do v\u00fdroby rakety v USA.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\"St\u0159ela<\/a><\/p>\n

Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00ed partne\u0159i a dodavatel\u00e9 komponent\u016f raket Tomahawk<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Rozm\u011bry a aerodynamick\u00e9 vlastnosti st\u0159ely Tomahawk<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Tomahawk je st\u0159ela s v\u00e1lcov\u00fdm t\u011blem a skl\u00e1dac\u00edmi k\u0159\u00eddly, ur\u010den\u00e1 pro odpal z vertik\u00e1ln\u00edch odpalovac\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f (VLS) nebo torp\u00e9domet\u016f ponorek. Obecn\u00e9 rozm\u011bry st\u0159ely s plochou dr\u00e1hou letu Tomahawk jsou uv\u00e1d\u011bny n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed: d\u00e9lka p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 5,5 a\u017e 6,25 metru (v z\u00e1vislosti na variant\u011b a posilova\u010di), pr\u016fm\u011br asi 52 centimetr\u016f a startovac\u00ed hmotnost v rozmez\u00ed 1 200\u20131 350 kilogram\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\"St\u0159ela<\/a><\/p>\n

St\u0159ela s plochou dr\u00e1hou letu Tomahawk Block IV<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Po opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed odpalovac\u00ed trubice se k\u0159\u00eddla st\u0159ely rozlo\u017e\u00ed, aby poskytla aerodynamick\u00e9 vlastnosti pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 pro let v n\u00edzk\u00fdch v\u00fd\u0161k\u00e1ch. T\u011blo st\u0159ely Tomahawk je vyrobeno z lehk\u00fdch, ale odoln\u00fdch slitin, optimalizovan\u00fdch pro pr\u016fnik v mal\u00fdch v\u00fd\u0161k\u00e1ch a vyh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed se radaru. Jeho konstrukce umo\u017e\u0148uje, aby z\u016fstala nedetekovateln\u00e1 radarov\u00fdmi syst\u00e9my a z\u00e1rove\u0148 se pohybovala po slo\u017eit\u00fdch letov\u00fdch tras\u00e1ch a obch\u00e1zela nep\u0159\u00e1telskou protivzdu\u0161nou obranu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vnit\u0159n\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1sti st\u0159ely Tomahawk<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Obecn\u011b se Tomahawk skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z n\u011bkolika hlavn\u00edch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed: nav\u00e1d\u011bc\u00edho a naviga\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu, bojov\u00e9 hlavice, palivov\u00e9 n\u00e1dr\u017ee, motoru a posilova\u010de. Je t\u0159eba poznamenat, \u017ee um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed t\u011bchto komponent se li\u0161\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti na konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm modelu st\u0159ely.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\"St\u0159ela<\/a><\/p>\n

Obecn\u00e9 sch\u00e9ma hlavn\u00edch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 st\u0159ely Tomahawk<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\u2013 Nav\u00e1d\u011bc\u00ed a naviga\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m<\/span><\/strong>
\nRaketa Tomahawk vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 hybridn\u00ed nav\u00e1d\u011bc\u00ed syst\u00e9m. Jej\u00ed naviga\u010dn\u00ed sada zahrnuje INS pro po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed navigaci, GPS pro vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed p\u0159esnost ur\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed polohy pod\u00e9l trasy a TERCOM a DSMAC pro nav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed v ter\u00e9nu a na c\u00edl.<\/span><\/p>\n

Syst\u00e9m TERCOM<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0(Terrain Contour Matching) pracuje v polovin\u011b letu. Raketa ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 do pam\u011bti p\u0159edem nahran\u00e9 mapy ter\u00e9nu TERCOM a DSMAC a porovn\u00e1v\u00e1 je s \u00fadaji v\u00fd\u0161kom\u011bru a daty inerci\u00e1ln\u00ed navigace za \u00fa\u010delem detekce a opravy odchylek. Tato metoda je obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1 pro lety v n\u00edzk\u00fdch v\u00fd\u0161k\u00e1ch nad nerovn\u00fdm ter\u00e9nem a poskytuje odolnost v\u016f\u010di satelitn\u00edmu ru\u0161en\u00ed, jako je ru\u0161en\u00ed GPS.<\/span><\/p>\n

V termin\u00e1ln\u00ed f\u00e1zi se pro kone\u010dn\u00e9 zachycen\u00ed c\u00edle pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 DSMAC<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0(Digital Scene Matching Area Correlation). Kamera um\u00edst\u011bn\u00e1 v nose zachycuje sn\u00edmky c\u00edlov\u00e9 oblasti v re\u00e1ln\u00e9m \u010dase a porovn\u00e1v\u00e1 je s ulo\u017een\u00fdmi referen\u010dn\u00edmi sn\u00edmky, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje p\u0159esn\u00e9 ur\u010den\u00ed polohy c\u00edle a kone\u010dn\u00e9 korekce letu. Tato technologie v\u00fdrazn\u011b zlep\u0161uje p\u0159esnost z\u00e1sahu a umo\u017e\u0148uje precizn\u00ed zam\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\"St\u0159ela<\/a><\/p>\n

TERCOM a DSMAC<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Varianty st\u0159ely Tomahawk Block IV a Block V jsou vybaveny obousm\u011brn\u00fdm datov\u00fdm spojen\u00edm, kter\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uje p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed za letu, p\u0159enos sn\u00edmk\u016f a oper\u00e1torem \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 zm\u011bny kurzu. Tato vylep\u0161en\u00e1 nav\u00e1d\u011bc\u00ed soustava umo\u017e\u0148uje st\u0159ele dos\u00e1hnout p\u0159esnosti v \u0159\u00e1du n\u011bkolika metr\u016f (n\u00edzk\u00e1 CEP) a v\u00fdrazn\u011b zlep\u0161uje jej\u00ed schopnost proniknout siln\u011b br\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdm vzdu\u0161n\u00fdm prostorem.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2013 Hlavice<\/span><\/strong>
\nHlavice se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v p\u0159edn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti st\u0159ely. V\u011bt\u0161ina variant Tomahawk je vybavena vysoce explozivn\u00ed hlavic\u00ed o hmotnosti p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 310 kilogram\u016f, kter\u00e1 obsahuje p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 120 kilogram\u016f v\u00fdbu\u0161niny PBXN-107. Tato konfigurace je navr\u017eena k ni\u010den\u00ed budov, infrastruktury a dal\u0161\u00edch vysoce cenn\u00fdch c\u00edl\u016f. N\u011bkter\u00e9 verze byly tak\u00e9 vyrobeny se specializovan\u00fdmi nebo protilodn\u00edmi hlavicemi p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00fdmi pro specifick\u00e9 mise.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2013 Palivov\u00e1 n\u00e1dr\u017e<\/span><\/strong>
\nPalivov\u00e1 n\u00e1dr\u017e je um\u00edst\u011bna v centr\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti t\u011bla a je navr\u017eena tak, aby poskytovala dlouh\u00fd dolet pot\u0159ebn\u00fd pro provoz. P\u0159esn\u00e1 kapacita paliva se li\u0161\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti na konfiguraci a modelu st\u0159ely.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2013 Pohon a posilova\u010d<\/span><\/strong>
\nPro odpal z hladinov\u00fdch platforem nebo ponorek pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 Tomahawk posilova\u010d na tuh\u00e9 palivo, kter\u00fd zrychluje st\u0159elu na rychlost pot\u0159ebnou pro jej\u00ed turbovrtu\u013eov\u00fd motor. Jakmile se posilova\u010d odd\u011bl\u00ed, p\u0159evezme hlavn\u00ed motor \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed tahu a spot\u0159eby paliva. Tato konstrukce umo\u017e\u0148uje odpaly z uzav\u0159en\u00fdch ponorek nebo vertik\u00e1ln\u00edch odpalovac\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f (VLS) na palub\u00e1ch v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch lod\u00ed. Let Tomahawku je poh\u00e1n\u011bn kompaktn\u00edm turbovrtu\u013eov\u00fdm motorem na kapaln\u00e9 palivo, obvykle z rodiny Williams F107 nebo podobn\u00fdch ekvivalent\u016f, kter\u00fd poskytuje rychlosti v rozmez\u00ed 880 a\u017e 920 kilometr\u016f za hodinu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Varianty st\u0159ely Tomahawk<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Pro za\u010d\u00e1tek je st\u0159ela Tomahawk v syst\u00e9mu nomenklatury ozbrojen\u00fdch sil USA ozna\u010dena identifik\u00e1tory RGM-109, UGM-109 a BGM-109. Prvn\u00ed p\u00edsmeno v k\u00f3du ozna\u010duje odpalovac\u00ed platformu:\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>RGM<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0pro odpal z hladinov\u00e9 lodi,\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>UGM<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0pro odpal z ponorky a\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>BGM-109<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0pro pozemn\u00ed odpalovac\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. P\u00edsmeno n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed za \u010d\u00edslem (A, B, C, D, E) ozna\u010duje konfiguraci a generaci st\u0159ely.<\/span><\/p>\n

BGM-109A TLAM-N (Blok I):<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0Toto byl prvn\u00ed opera\u010dn\u00ed model Tomahawku vybaven\u00e9ho jadernou hlavic\u00ed, kter\u00fd byl do slu\u017eby uveden v 80. letech 20. stolet\u00ed. Raketa TLAM-N nesla hlavici W80 s prom\u011bnliv\u00fdm v\u00fdt\u011b\u017ekem (5 a\u017e 200 kilotun) a mohla b\u00fdt odpalov\u00e1na z hladinov\u00fdch lod\u00ed pomoc\u00ed obrn\u011bn\u00fdch odpalovac\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed (nyn\u00ed vy\u0159azen\u00fdch z provozu) i z ponorek. Vyvinut\u00e1 v r\u00e1mci Bloku I, m\u011bla dolet p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 2 500 kilometr\u016f a byla navr\u017eena pro strategick\u00e9 \u00fadery b\u011bhem studen\u00e9 v\u00e1lky. V n\u00e1vaznosti na smlouvy o sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed po\u010dtu zbran\u00ed byla tato jadern\u011b vyzbrojen\u00e1 varianta v 90. letech 20. stolet\u00ed vy\u0159azena z provozu.<\/span><\/p>\n

O ozna\u010den\u00ed st\u0159ely:<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0Proto\u017ee se Tomahawk vyv\u00edjel pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 platformy \u2013 pozemn\u00ed, n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed a ponorkov\u00e9 \u2013 byl mu p\u016fvodn\u011b p\u0159id\u011blen obecn\u00fd k\u00f3d\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>BGM-109<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0s p\u0159edponou \u201eB\u201c, kter\u00e1 jej ozna\u010dovala jako prvn\u00ed st\u0159elu t\u00e9to rodiny. Toto ozna\u010den\u00ed z\u016fstalo v ofici\u00e1ln\u00edch z\u00e1znamech, p\u0159esto\u017ee st\u0159ela nebyla nikdy opera\u010dn\u011b nasazena ani odp\u00e1lena z pozemn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\"St\u0159ela<\/a><\/p>\n

Sch\u00e9ma sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed st\u0159ely BGM-109A TLAM-N<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

BGM-109G Gryphon<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0: Tato varianta byla vyvinuta speci\u00e1ln\u011b pro americk\u00e9 letectvo a odpalov\u00e1na z mobiln\u00edch pozemn\u00edch platforem. Gryphon nesl jadernou hlavici W84 a m\u011bl dolet p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 2 780 kilometr\u016f. Byl nasazen v Evrop\u011b k pos\u00edlen\u00ed odstra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed Sov\u011btsk\u00e9ho svazu. Po podpisu Smlouvy INF v roce 1987 byly v\u0161echny pozemn\u00ed rakety st\u0159edn\u00edho doletu, v\u010detn\u011b Gryphonu, vy\u0159azeny z provozu.<\/span><\/p>\n

RGM\/UGM-109B TASM (Block I)<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0Tato varianta Tomahawku s doletem 460 kilometr\u016f byla navr\u017eena pro protilodn\u00ed mise a vyvinuta v r\u00e1mci programu Block I. TASM vyu\u017e\u00edvala aktivn\u00ed radarov\u00e9 nav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed a byla ur\u010dena pro \u00fatoky na velk\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti proti nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00fdm plavidl\u016fm. Se zaveden\u00edm pokro\u010dilej\u0161\u00edch protilodn\u00edch st\u0159el, jako byly Harpoon a NSM, byl tento model v roce 1994 vy\u0159azen z provozu a p\u0159eveden na verzi TLAM-E Block IV.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\"St\u0159ela<\/a><\/p>\n

Sch\u00e9ma sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed st\u0159ely RGM\/UGM-109B TASM<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

RGM\/UGM-109C TLAM-C (Block II a Block III)<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0: Tato varianta byla vyvinuta s konven\u010dn\u00ed hlavic\u00ed a vylep\u0161enou navigac\u00ed d\u00edky p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9m\u016f TERCOM a DSMAC pro v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed p\u0159esnost. TLAM-C zpo\u010d\u00e1tku nesl hlavici WDU-25\/B o hmotnosti 450 kilogram\u016f, kter\u00e1 obsahovala 171 kilogram\u016f siln\u00fdch v\u00fdbu\u0161nin (Picratol a kompozit H-6). Jeho opera\u010dn\u00ed dolet byl p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1300 kilometr\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Od roku 1993 byla hlavice WDU-25\/B nahrazena leh\u010d\u00ed hlavic\u00ed WDU-36\/B o hmotnosti 310 kilogram\u016f, kter\u00e1 obsahovala 120 kilogram\u016f trhaviny PBXN-107. Zmen\u0161en\u00e1 velikost hlavice umo\u017enila pou\u017eit\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed palivov\u00e9 n\u00e1dr\u017ee, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed dolet prodlou\u017eil na 1700 kilometr\u016f. Tato vylep\u0161en\u00e1 verze byla ozna\u010dena jako TLAM-C Block III. V posledn\u00edch desetilet\u00edch se stala jedn\u00edm z nejpou\u017e\u00edvan\u011bj\u0161\u00edch model\u016f Tomahawk\u016f v americk\u00fdch vojensk\u00fdch operac\u00edch.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\"St\u0159ela<\/a><\/p>\n

Sch\u00e9ma sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed st\u0159el BGM-109C TLAM-C Block 2 a 3<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

\"St\u0159ela<\/a><\/p>\n

Sch\u00e9ma sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed st\u0159el BGM-109C TLAM-C Block 2 a 3<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

RGM\/UGM-109D TLAM-D (Block III)<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0: Tento model byl vyvinut v r\u00e1mci Blocku III a navr\u017een pro nesen\u00ed kazetov\u00e9 hlavice. TLAM-D byla vybavena 166 submunic\u00ed BLU-97\/B, kter\u00e1 byla odpalov\u00e1na v ur\u010den\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161ce nad c\u00edlem. Byla ur\u010dena pro \u00fadery proti c\u00edl\u016fm ve velk\u00e9m prostoru, jako jsou leti\u0161t\u011b a vojensk\u00e9 koncentrace. Dosah t\u00e9to verze byl \u00fadajn\u011b okolo 1300 kilometr\u016f. Kazetov\u00e9 st\u0159ely Tomahawk ji\u017e nejsou v provozu, proto\u017ee byly p\u0159evedeny na konfigurace s unit\u00e1rn\u00ed hlavic\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\"St\u0159ela<\/a><\/p>\n

Sch\u00e9ma sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed st\u0159ely BGM-109D TLAM-D<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Block IV (RGM\/UGM-109E \/ TLAM-E)<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0: Block IV znamenal v\u00fdznamn\u00fd miln\u00edk ve v\u00fdvoji raket Tomahawk. TLAM-E je vylep\u0161en\u00e1 verze TLAM-C Block III a byl p\u0159edstaven v roce 2004. St\u0159ely TLAM-E Block IV se vyzna\u010duj\u00ed vylep\u0161en\u00fdm turbovrtu\u013eov\u00fdm motorem, kter\u00fd jim umo\u017e\u0148uje sn\u00ed\u017eit spot\u0159ebu paliva b\u011bhem letu a podle pot\u0159eby upravit rychlost.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"St\u0159ela<\/a>\"St\u0159ela<\/a><\/p>\n

\n
<\/figure>\n
<\/figure>\n
<\/figure>
Slavnostn\u00ed odhalen\u00ed rakety Tomahawk Block IV ve Washingtonu, D.C., 29. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2004.<\/span>
\n<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Tato verze je vybavena elektrooptick\u00fdmi senzory a obousm\u011brn\u00fdm satelitn\u00edm datov\u00fdm spojen\u00edm s velitelsk\u00fdm centrem, co\u017e j\u00ed umo\u017e\u0148uje p\u0159ij\u00edmat aktualizovan\u00e9 informace b\u011bhem letu a p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1vat je na nov\u00e9 c\u00edle. Elektrooptick\u00e9 senzory mohou p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161et sn\u00edmky zp\u011bt velen\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm satelitu, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje vyhodnocov\u00e1n\u00ed po\u0161kozen\u00ed v re\u00e1ln\u00e9m \u010dase, a to i okam\u017eiky p\u0159ed dopadem.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tato varianta m\u00e1 nav\u00edc schopnost plout nad oblast\u00ed, vracet se do oblasti startu a b\u00fdt v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pot\u0159eby p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1na. D\u00edky sn\u00ed\u017een\u00fdm v\u00fdrobn\u00edm n\u00e1klad\u016fm a zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 provozn\u00ed flexibilit\u011b se Block IV stal jednou z nej\u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch verz\u00ed Tomahawku. Jeho ud\u00e1van\u00fd dolet je p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1 600 kilometr\u016f.<\/span>\"St\u0159ela<\/a><\/p>\n

Sch\u00e9ma sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed st\u0159ely BGM-109E TLAM-E Block IV<\/span><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Blok V<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0: Tento blok je nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed variantou Tomahawku, vyvinutou v posledn\u00edch letech a vstupuj\u00edc\u00ed do slu\u017eby americk\u00e9ho n\u00e1mo\u0159nictva v roce 2021. Blok V (z\u00e1kladn\u00ed verze) je vylep\u0161en\u00e1 verze Bloku IV, kter\u00e1 se vyzna\u010duje nov\u00fdmi komunika\u010dn\u00edmi syst\u00e9my, vylep\u0161en\u00edmi elektronick\u00e9ho boje, vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed p\u0159esnost\u00ed, s\u00ed\u0165ov\u011b orientovan\u00fdmi schopnostmi a schopnost\u00ed zas\u00e1hnout pohybliv\u00e9 n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed c\u00edle, jako jsou lod\u011b.<\/span>
\nBlok V se d\u011bl\u00ed na dva podmodely:\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>Blok Va (MST)\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0, co\u017e je protilodn\u00ed varianta s doletem 500\u2013700 kilometr\u016f; a\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>Blok Vb (JMEWS),<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0kter\u00fd je vybaven pronikavou hlavic\u00ed pro pozemn\u00ed \u00fatoky a ni\u010den\u00ed odoln\u00fdch c\u00edl\u016f. Dolet t\u00e9to verze se uv\u00e1d\u00ed mezi 1 600 a 1 800 kilometry.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\"St\u0159ela<\/a><\/p>\n

Raketa Block V Tomahawk na v\u00fdrobn\u00ed lince spole\u010dnosti Raytheon v Camdenu v Arkansasu v b\u0159eznu 2021<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

V roce 2020 mluv\u010d\u00ed programu Tomahawk americk\u00e9ho n\u00e1mo\u0159nictva ozn\u00e1mil, \u017ee v\u0161echny rakety Tomahawk Block IV budou modernizov\u00e1ny na standard Block V, zat\u00edmco zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed rakety Block III budou postupn\u011b vy\u0159azeny z provozu a vy\u0159azeny z provozu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Stru\u010dn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, v\u00fdvoj raket Tomahawk je uveden v tabulce n\u00ed\u017ee:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"St\u0159ela<\/figure>\n

Odpalovac\u00ed platformy pro rakety Tomahawk<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

St\u0159ela s plochou dr\u00e1hou letu Tomahawk je navr\u017eena pro odpalov\u00e1n\u00ed z r\u016fzn\u00fdch platforem. N\u00ed\u017ee jsou podrobn\u011b pops\u00e1ny r\u016fzn\u00e9 odpalovac\u00ed syst\u00e9my pro tuto st\u0159elu.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2013 N\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed odpalovac\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/span><\/strong>
\nRakety Tomahawk jsou \u0161iroce odpalov\u00e1ny z hladinov\u00fdch v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch lod\u00ed americk\u00e9ho n\u00e1mo\u0159nictva, jako jsou torp\u00e9doborce t\u0159\u00eddy Arleigh Burke a k\u0159i\u017en\u00edky t\u0159\u00eddy Ticonderoga. Tato plavidla jsou vybavena syst\u00e9mem vertik\u00e1ln\u00edho odpalov\u00e1n\u00ed (VLS), kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje rychlou odpalov\u00e1n\u00ed raket. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 bu\u0148ka VLS m\u016f\u017ee pojmout jednu raketu Tomahawk. D\u00edky sv\u00e9 rychl\u00e9 pohotovosti a schopnosti odp\u00e1lit v\u00edce raket sou\u010dasn\u011b hraj\u00ed tato odpalovac\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli v \u00fato\u010dn\u00fdch operac\u00edch.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\"St\u0159ela<\/a><\/p>\n

Kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9 australsk\u00e9 n\u00e1mo\u0159nictvo HMAS Brisbane odp\u00e1lilo raketu Tomahawk z odpalovac\u00edho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed Mk-41 VLS<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>Odpalovac\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro ponorky<\/span><\/strong>
\nPonorky t\u0159\u00edd Los Angeles, Virginia a Ohio jsou schopny odpalovat st\u0159ely Tomahawk. U ponorek t\u0159\u00eddy Ohio jsou st\u0159ely odpalov\u00e1ny pomoc\u00ed vertik\u00e1ln\u00edch odpalovac\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f integrovan\u00fdch do trupu, zat\u00edmco u ponorek t\u0159\u00edd Los Angeles a Virginia jsou odpalov\u00e1ny torp\u00e9domety. Odpalov\u00e1n\u00ed z ponorek poskytuje v\u00fdhody nen\u00e1padnosti a p\u0159ekvapen\u00ed, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje \u00fadery z pozic skryt\u00fdch p\u0159ed zraky nep\u0159\u00edtele.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\"St\u0159ela<\/a><\/p>\n

Raketa Tomahawk odp\u00e1len\u00e1 z ponorky<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\u2013 Pozemn\u00ed odpalovac\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/span><\/strong>
\nB\u011bhem studen\u00e9 v\u00e1lky vyvinulo americk\u00e9 letectvo pozemn\u00ed verzi st\u0159ely Tomahawk, zn\u00e1mou jako BGM-109G Gryphon. Tato st\u0159ela byla odpalov\u00e1na z mobiln\u00edch pozemn\u00edch transportn\u00edch odpalovac\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed (TEL) a nasazena v Evrop\u011b. Gryphon byl vybaven jadernou hlavic\u00ed a ur\u010den pro strategick\u00e9 \u00fadery proti c\u00edl\u016fm na sov\u011btsk\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed. S podpisem Smlouvy INF v roce 1987 byla tato varianta a jej\u00ed pozemn\u00ed odpalovac\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed vy\u0159azeny z provozu.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\"St\u0159ela<\/a><\/p>\n

Raketa BGM-109G Gryphon Tomahawk odp\u00e1len\u00e1 z pozemn\u00edho odpalovac\u00edho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 pozn\u00e1mka k odpalovac\u00edm za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm Tomahawk<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0: P\u0159esto\u017ee pozemn\u00ed verze Tomahawku, BGM-109G, byla vy\u0159azena z provozu, n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed st\u0159ely Tomahawk lze st\u00e1le p\u0159ipravit k odp\u00e1len\u00ed pomoc\u00ed vertik\u00e1ln\u00edch odpalovac\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed Mk-41 namontovan\u00fdch na p\u0159\u00edv\u011bsech. Tento p\u0159\u00edstup \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b obch\u00e1z\u00ed omezen\u00ed pozemn\u00edho nasazen\u00ed st\u0159ely. Americk\u00e1 arm\u00e1da se t\u00edmto probl\u00e9mem zab\u00fdvala prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm projektu Typhon, zn\u00e1m\u00e9ho tak\u00e9 jako \u201eStrategick\u00fd syst\u00e9m palby st\u0159edn\u00edho doletu\u201c (SMRF).<\/span><\/p>\n

Ka\u017ed\u00fd raketov\u00fd syst\u00e9m Typhon se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 ze \u010dty\u0159 vertik\u00e1ln\u00edch odpalovac\u00edch box\u016f Mk-41 instalovan\u00fdch v 12metrov\u00e9m kontejneru ISO. Tyto odpalovac\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed jsou schopna odpalovat jak standardn\u00ed rakety SM-6, tak i \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 st\u0159ely Tomahawk.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"St\u0159ela<\/a><\/p>\n

\n

\"St\u0159ela<\/a><\/p>\n

Raketov\u00fd syst\u00e9m Typhoon pro odpalov\u00e1n\u00ed raket Tomahawk ze zem\u011b<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

\"St\u0159ela<\/a><\/p>\n

Zku\u0161ebn\u00ed odp\u00e1len\u00ed rakety Tomahawk z odpalovac\u00edho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed MK-41 VLS v roce 2019<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Provozn\u00ed historie rakety Tomahawk<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Od sv\u00e9ho uveden\u00ed do provozu v roce 1983 sehr\u00e1la st\u0159ela Tomahawk s plochou dr\u00e1hou letu kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli v \u0159ad\u011b vojensk\u00fdch operac\u00ed veden\u00fdch Spojen\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty a jejich spojenci.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00e1lka v Persk\u00e9m z\u00e1livu (1991):<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0K prvn\u00edmu velk\u00e9mu pou\u017eit\u00ed Tomahawku do\u0161lo b\u011bhem operace\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>Pou\u0161tn\u00ed bou\u0159e<\/span><\/em>\u00a0\u00a0proti Ir\u00e1ku. Z americk\u00fdch lod\u00ed a ponorek bylo odp\u00e1leno v\u00edce ne\u017e 288 raket, kter\u00e9 zas\u00e1hly c\u00edle, jako jsou velitelsk\u00e1 centra, stanovi\u0161t\u011b protivzdu\u0161n\u00e9 obrany a vojensk\u00e9 objekty.<\/span><\/p>\n

Balk\u00e1n (1995\u20131999):<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0B\u011bhem operac\u00ed NATO proti Jugosl\u00e1vii byly Tomahawky pou\u017eity k \u00fatok\u016fm na pozice srbsk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy, radarov\u00e9 stanice a komunika\u010dn\u00ed infrastrukturu. Tyto \u00fatoky v\u00fdrazn\u011b oslabily vojensk\u00e9 schopnosti B\u011blehradu.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00fad\u00e1n a Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1n (1998):<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0V reakci na bombov\u00e9 \u00fatoky na americk\u00e1 velvyslanectv\u00ed v Keni a Tanzanii Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty odp\u00e1lily asi 75 st\u0159el Tomahawk proti farmaceutick\u00e9 tov\u00e1rn\u011b Al-Shifa v Chart\u00famu v S\u00fad\u00e1nu \u2013 \u00fadajn\u011b zapojen\u00e9 do v\u00fdroby chemick\u00fdch zbran\u00ed \u2013 a proti v\u00fdcvikov\u00fdm t\u00e1bor\u016fm al-K\u00e1idy v Ch\u00f3stu v Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1nu.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00e1lka v Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1nu (2001):<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0Na za\u010d\u00e1tku operace\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>Trval\u00e1 svoboda<\/span><\/em>\u00a0v\u00edce ne\u017e 50 Tomahawk\u016f zam\u011b\u0159ilo v\u00fdcvikov\u00e9 t\u00e1bory al-K\u00e1idy, \u00fakryty Talibanu a velitelsk\u00e1 centra v horsk\u00fdch oblastech Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1nu.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00e1lka v Ir\u00e1ku (2003):<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0B\u011bhem operace\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>Iraqi Freedom<\/span><\/em>\u00a0bylo odp\u00e1leno p\u0159es 725 Tomahawk\u016f. Tyto \u00fatoky se rozs\u00e1hle zam\u011b\u0159ovaly na vojenskou infrastrukturu, velitelsk\u00e1 centra a \u00fakryty Sadd\u00e1ma Husajna. Pou\u017eit\u00ed Tomahawk\u016f v t\u00e9to v\u00e1lce se stalo charakteristick\u00fdm znakem \u201ep\u0159esn\u00e9 v\u00e1lky\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jemen (2010\u20132020):<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0V r\u00e1mci kampan\u011b proti al-K\u00e1id\u011b na Arabsk\u00e9m poloostrov\u011b (AQAP) pou\u017eily Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty tomahawky k \u00fatok\u016fm na \u00fakryty a v\u00fdcvikov\u00e9 t\u00e1bory v provinci\u00edch \u0160abv\u00e1, Ma’rib a Hadhramaut.<\/span><\/p>\n

Libye (2011):<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0V r\u00e1mci operace NATO na vynucen\u00ed bezletov\u00e9 z\u00f3ny a podporu povstaleck\u00fdch sil bylo proti libyjsk\u00fdm z\u00e1kladn\u00e1m protivzdu\u0161n\u00e9 obrany a velitelsk\u00fdm centr\u016fm odp\u00e1leno v\u00edce ne\u017e 112 st\u0159el Tomahawk.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00fdrie (2017 a 2018):<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty s odvol\u00e1n\u00edm na \u00fadajn\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed chemick\u00fdch zbran\u00ed syrskou vl\u00e1dou pou\u017eily Tomahawky p\u0159i dvou \u00faderech. V roce 2017 zas\u00e1hlo leteckou z\u00e1kladnu \u0160ajr\u00e1t 59 raket a v roce 2018 zas\u00e1hlo v\u00fdzkumn\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v Dama\u0161ku a Homsu p\u0159es 100 raket.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jemen (2025):<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0Uprost\u0159ed krize v Rud\u00e9m mo\u0159i a americk\u00e9 podpory Izraele vyp\u00e1lily Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty a Spojen\u00e9 kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 35 raket Tomahawk proti pozic\u00edm Ansar Allah v Jemenu.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00cdr\u00e1n (2025):<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0Dne 22. \u010dervna 2025 provedly Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty ve spole\u010dn\u00e9 operaci s Izraelem rozs\u00e1hl\u00fd \u00fader na \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00e1 jadern\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed ve Fordowu, Natanzu a Isfah\u00e1nu. Z americk\u00e9 ponorky t\u0159\u00eddy Ohio bylo proti Natanzu a jadern\u00e9mu za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v Isfah\u00e1nu odp\u00e1leno 30 raket Tomahawk.<\/span><\/p>\n

Obrann\u00e9 zachycen\u00ed:<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0V n\u011bkolika z t\u011bchto operac\u00ed syst\u00e9my protivzdu\u0161n\u00e9 obrany \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b zachytily nebo odklonily rakety Tomahawk. Nap\u0159\u00edklad b\u011bhem americk\u00e9ho \u00fatoku na \u00cdr\u00e1n v roce 2025 byly n\u011bkter\u00e9 rakety sest\u0159eleny \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00fdmi obrann\u00fdmi syst\u00e9my. To potvrdily i sn\u00edmky vrak\u016f Tomahawk nalezen\u00fdch po \u00fatoc\u00edch.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"St\u0159ela<\/a>\"St\u0159ela<\/a>\"St\u0159ela<\/a>\"St\u0159ela<\/a><\/p>\n

\n
<\/figure>\n
<\/figure>\n
<\/figure>\n
<\/figure>
Poz\u016fstatky n\u011bkolika st\u0159el Tomahawk, kter\u00e9 byly sest\u0159eleny \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00fdmi obrann\u00fdmi syst\u00e9my<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Exportn\u00ed trh a zem\u011b provozuj\u00edc\u00ed rakety Tomahawk<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Exportn\u00ed trh pro \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 st\u0159ely Tomahawk je Spojen\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty velmi omezen\u00fd a p\u0159\u00edsn\u011b kontrolovan\u00fd, proto\u017ee tato zbra\u0148 je pova\u017eov\u00e1na za strategick\u00fd majetek. Doposud se jen n\u011bkolika bl\u00edzk\u00fdm spojenc\u016fm USA poda\u0159ilo tuto st\u0159elu z\u00edskat nebo objednat. Spojen\u00e9 kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed bylo prvn\u00ed a z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 jedinou ciz\u00ed zem\u00ed, kter\u00e1 provozovala verzi Tomahawku odpalovanou z ponorek, kterou nasadilo ve vojensk\u00fdch operac\u00edch. Austr\u00e1lie a Japonsko v posledn\u00edch letech podepsaly smlouvy na n\u00e1kup variant Block V s c\u00edlem pos\u00edlit \u00fato\u010dn\u00e9 schopnosti sv\u00fdch n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edch flotil. Polsko a Kanada rovn\u011b\u017e projevily z\u00e1jem o po\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed st\u0159ely a zapojily se do jedn\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

V roce 2025 ukrajinsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da ve\u0159ejn\u011b po\u017e\u00e1dala Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty o \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 st\u0159ely Tomahawk, aby pos\u00edlila sv\u00e9 \u00fato\u010dn\u00e9 schopnosti proti strategick\u00fdm c\u00edl\u016fm na rusk\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed. Pentagon schv\u00e1lil transfer Tomahawk\u016f na Ukrajinu, ale kone\u010dn\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed bylo ponech\u00e1no na americk\u00e9m prezidentovi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vzhledem k exportn\u00ed cen\u011b p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 4 milion\u016f dolar\u016f (exportn\u00ed verze) za raketu a vzhledem k geopolitick\u00e9 citlivosti z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 export syst\u00e9m\u016f Tomahawk omezen na zem\u011b s \u00fazk\u00fdmi bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edmi vazbami na Washington.<\/span><\/p>\n

Z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00e9 shrnut\u00ed<\/span>
\n<\/span><\/strong>
\nD\u00edky vlastnostem, jako je dlouh\u00fd dolet, vysok\u00e1 p\u0159esnost, mo\u017enost odpalu z mo\u0159e, mo\u017enost p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed za letu a flexibilita p\u0159i no\u0161en\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch hlavic, je Tomahawk jednou z nej\u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch \u00fato\u010dn\u00fdch zbran\u00ed dlouh\u00e9ho doletu v americk\u00e9m arzen\u00e1lu. Krom\u011b sv\u00e9 role na boji\u0161ti hraje z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli v americk\u00e9 odstra\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed doktr\u00edn\u011b a projekci vojensk\u00e9 s\u00edly. V\u00fdvoj nov\u00fdch verz\u00ed s podporou s\u00edt\u011b zaji\u0161\u0165uje, \u017ee tato st\u0159ela z\u016fstane relevantn\u00ed v sou\u010dasn\u00fdch konfliktech i v nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch desetilet\u00edch.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Specifikace \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 st\u0159ely Tomahawk:<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Typ:<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0Podzvukov\u00e1 st\u0159ela s plochou dr\u00e1hou letu dlouh\u00e9ho doletu<\/span>
\nP\u016fvod:<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty<\/span>
\nV\u00fdrobce:<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0Raytheon<\/span>
\nZa\u0159azen\u00ed do slu\u017eby:<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a01983<\/span>
\nD\u00e9lka:<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a05,56 metru<\/span>
\nRozp\u011bt\u00ed k\u0159\u00eddel:<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a02,67 metru<\/span>
\nPr\u016fm\u011br:<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a00,52 metru<\/span>
\nHmotnost:<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a01 300 kilogram\u016f<\/span>
\nMotor:<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0turbovrtu\u013eov\u00fd F107-WR-402<\/span>
\nDolet:<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0v\u00edce ne\u017e 1 600 kilometr\u016f (Block V)<\/span>
\nLetov\u00e1 v\u00fd\u0161ka:<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a030\u201350 metr\u016f AGL<\/span>
\nRychlost:<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0920 km\/h (Mach 0,74)<\/span>
\nHlavice:<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0120 kg PBXN-107 t\u0159\u00ed\u0161tiv\u00e1 trhavina<\/span>
\nNav\u00e1d\u011bc\u00ed syst\u00e9my:<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0GPS, INS, TERCOM, DSMAC, ARH<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tomahawk je podzvukov\u00e1, p\u0159esn\u011b nav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e1 st\u0159ela s plochou dr\u00e1hou letu dlouh\u00e9ho doletu odpalovan\u00e1 z ponorek…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":89938,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,349,9857,73],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/92099"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=92099"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/92099\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":92100,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/92099\/revisions\/92100"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/89938"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=92099"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=92099"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=92099"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}