{"id":91724,"date":"2025-11-08T04:50:05","date_gmt":"2025-11-08T03:50:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=91724"},"modified":"2025-11-08T04:50:05","modified_gmt":"2025-11-08T03:50:05","slug":"trumpova-snaha-o-c51-muze-amerika-prepsat-geopolitiku-stredni-asie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/11\/08\/trumpova-snaha-o-c51-muze-amerika-prepsat-geopolitiku-stredni-asie\/","title":{"rendered":"Trumpova snaha o C5+1: M\u016f\u017ee Amerika p\u0159epsat geopolitiku St\u0159edn\u00ed Asie?"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

Trumpova komunikace v r\u00e1mci C5+1 se zam\u011b\u0159uje na kritick\u00e9 nerosty, energetickou bezpe\u010dnost a strategickou pozici v srdci Eurasie. Hlubok\u00e9 vazby Ruska a desetilet\u00ed trvaj\u00edc\u00ed investice \u010c\u00edny v\u0161ak vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00ed pochybnosti o tom, jak daleko m\u016f\u017ee americk\u00fd vliv v t\u00e9to oblasti skute\u010dn\u011b zaj\u00edt.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Summit\u00a0<\/span>C5+1<\/span><\/a>\u00a0svedl dohromady l\u00eddry Kazachst\u00e1nu, Kyrgyzst\u00e1nu, T\u00e1d\u017eikist\u00e1nu, Turkmenist\u00e1nu a Uzbekist\u00e1nu s prezidentem Donaldem Trumpem. Tento form\u00e1t, vytvo\u0159en\u00fd v roce 2015, si klade za c\u00edl pos\u00edlit spolupr\u00e1ci mezi USA a St\u0159edn\u00ed Asi\u00ed v oblasti bezpe\u010dnosti, obchodu a propojen\u00ed. Vyvinul se v platformu, jej\u00edm\u017e prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm Washington usiluje o vliv v regionu, kter\u00fd tradi\u010dn\u011b formuje rusk\u00e1 a \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edtomnost.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trumpovo obnoven\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed se do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry t\u00fdk\u00e1 nerost\u016f vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch zemin a energetick\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti: americk\u00fd prezident opakovan\u011b ozna\u010dil p\u0159\u00edstup ke strategick\u00fdm zdroj\u016fm za n\u00e1rodn\u00ed prioritu. Z\u00e1soby kov\u016f vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch zemin ve St\u0159edn\u00ed Asii, zejm\u00e9na v Kazachst\u00e1nu a Uzbekist\u00e1nu, jsou pro tento obnoven\u00fd z\u00e1jem\u00a0<\/span>\u00fast\u0159edn\u00edm bodem<\/span><\/a>\u00a0. Tyto nerosty jsou z\u00e1kladem v\u0161eho od chytr\u00fdch telefon\u016f a\u017e po pokro\u010dil\u00e9 zbra\u0148ov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my. Dnes tomuto odv\u011btv\u00ed dominuje Peking, kter\u00fd zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1 90 % sv\u011btov\u00fdch surovin vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch zemin a ned\u00e1vno omezil v\u00fdvoz n\u011bkolika kritick\u00fdch prvk\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00edlem, alespo\u0148 na pap\u00ed\u0159e, je diverzifikace americk\u00fdch dodavatelsk\u00fdch \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f, zejm\u00e9na proto, \u017ee Washington je i nad\u00e1le z\u00e1visl\u00fd na dovozu rusk\u00e9ho uranu.\u00a0<\/span>Podle<\/span><\/a>\u00a0analytik\u016f CSIS Gracelin Baskaranov\u00e9 a Kamala Aubakirova se Kazachst\u00e1n s\u00e1m pod\u00edl\u00ed zhruba 45 % na sv\u011btov\u00e9 produkci uranu, zat\u00edmco Uzbekist\u00e1n poskytuje asi 7 %. Dohromady produkuj\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e polovinu uranu na planet\u011b. Z americk\u00e9ho pohledu by zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed t\u011bchto dod\u00e1vek sn\u00ed\u017eilo energetickou zranitelnost USA a podpo\u0159ilo by Trumpovu obnovenou jadernou agendu. Na prezentac\u00edch v PowerPointu to v\u0161echno zn\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u011b p\u0159\u00edmo\u010da\u0159e, ale geopolitick\u00fd ter\u00e9n je mnohem slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

V roce 2023 jsem\u00a0<\/span>psal<\/span><\/a>\u00a0o tom, jak se zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politika Washingtonu podob\u00e1 kyvadlu, kter\u00e9 \u010dasto osciluje mezi odporem Rusku nebo \u010c\u00edn\u011b a v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b (za Bidena) snahou konfrontovat ob\u011b strany sou\u010dasn\u011b. A\u0165 je to jakkoli, dne\u0161n\u00ed kontext je je\u0161t\u011b slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. USA z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed v Evrop\u011b a na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00e9 \u2013 navzdory snah\u00e1m o zm\u00edrn\u011bn\u00ed ukrajinsk\u00e9 z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee \u2013 a z\u00e1rove\u0148 se sna\u017e\u00ed o konfrontaci v Indo-Pacifiku a nyn\u00ed se sna\u017e\u00ed zapustit hlub\u0161\u00ed ko\u0159eny v srdci Eurasie. Pro mocnost, kter\u00e1 vykazuje zn\u00e1mky strategick\u00e9 \u00fanavy, je to ambici\u00f3zn\u00ed n\u00e1kupn\u00ed seznam.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trump\u016fv styl \u201euzav\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed dohod\u201c je v ka\u017ed\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nyn\u00ed testov\u00e1n v zahrani\u010d\u00ed. Geopolitika v\u0161ak nen\u00ed realitou. Jak\u00a0<\/span>poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1<\/span><\/a>\u00a0v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk Stephen M. Bland , st\u0159edoasijsk\u00e9 zem\u011b jsou opatrn\u00e9. Byly sv\u011bdky cykl\u016f anga\u017eovanosti USA, kter\u00e9 b\u011bhem kriz\u00ed prudce vzr\u016fstaj\u00ed a sl\u00e1bnou, jakmile se pozornost Washingtonu p\u0159esune.<\/span><\/p>\n

Novin\u00e1\u0159ka Jevgenija Mikhailidiov\u00e1\u00a0<\/span>poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, \u017ee \u010c\u00edna se zav\u00e1zala k realizaci smluvn\u00edch projekt\u016f ve St\u0159edn\u00ed Asii v hodnot\u011b p\u0159es 120 miliard dolar\u016f, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e 75 miliard dolar\u016f ji\u017e bylo investov\u00e1no do energetiky, silnic, logistiky a v\u00fdroby \u2013 jen v Kazachst\u00e1nu 66 miliard dolar\u016f \u2013 co\u017e j\u00ed zajistilo vliv na 25 a\u017e 40 let. Rusko z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 \u201eopera\u010dn\u00edm ekosyst\u00e9mem\u201c regionu s migrac\u00ed pracovn\u00ed s\u00edly, bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edmi vazbami a institucion\u00e1ln\u00edmi zvyklostmi hluboce spjat\u00fdmi s Moskvou. USA tomuto zako\u0159en\u011bn\u00e9mu vlivu \u010del\u00ed nab\u00eddkou pr\u016fzkumn\u00fdch obchod\u016f s letadly, lokomotivami a t\u011b\u017ebou nerostn\u00fdch surovin. Tolik k parit\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

Holou pravdou je, \u017ee USA se do hry zapojuj\u00ed pozd\u011b. Washington sice m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt s konkurenc\u00ed pot\u00ed\u017ee, ale pro Trumpa by nejlep\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdsledkem mohlo b\u00fdt prost\u011b setrv\u00e1n\u00ed v m\u00edstnosti. St\u0159edn\u00ed Asie si nevyb\u00edr\u00e1 strany. Jednodu\u0161e \u0159e\u010deno, geografie, obchod a historie regionu ji spojuj\u00ed s Ruskem i \u010c\u00ednou. Nejde o ot\u00e1zku politick\u00e9 loajality, ale o pevn\u011b zako\u0159en\u011bnou geopolitickou realitu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Krom\u011b toho z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 pro jakoukoli z\u00e1padn\u00ed strategii v regionu v\u00fdzvou propojen\u00ed. Jak zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed Baskaran a Kamal Aubakirov, trasy ze sov\u011btsk\u00e9 \u00e9ry st\u00e1le vedou export na sever p\u0159es Rusko. Alternativa St\u0159edn\u00edho koridoru vy\u017eaduje 21,4 miliardy dolar\u016f, aby se stala \u017eivotaschopnou, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e v\u011bt\u0161ina modernizac\u00ed bude financov\u00e1na \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdm nebo rusk\u00fdm kapit\u00e1lem. Evropsk\u00e9 z\u00e1vazky zaost\u00e1vaj\u00ed, tak\u017ee diverzifikace Z\u00e1padu je n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n

St\u0159edn\u00ed Asie nav\u00edc nen\u00ed geopolitick\u00fdm vakuem, kter\u00e9 \u010dek\u00e1 na zapln\u011bn\u00ed. Region se prot\u00edn\u00e1 s Ji\u017en\u00ed Asi\u00ed, Bl\u00edzk\u00fdm v\u00fdchodem, Kavkazem a dal\u0161\u00edmi oblastmi. Je to z\u00f3na, kde se prol\u00ednaj\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>vodn\u00ed konflikty<\/span><\/a>\u00a0,\u00a0<\/span>hrani\u010dn\u00ed probl\u00e9my<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, etnick\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed a rivalita mezi velmocemi.<\/span><\/p>\n

USA v\u0161ak k regionu p\u0159istupuj\u00ed s bin\u00e1rn\u00edm my\u0161len\u00edm: bu\u010f se p\u0159idaj\u00ed k Washingtonu, nebo riskuj\u00ed, \u017ee budou za\u0159azeny do \u201edruh\u00e9ho\u201c t\u00e1bora. \u010casto jsem\u00a0<\/span>tvrdil, \u017ee tla\u010dit na<\/span><\/a>\u00a0zem\u011b, aby si \u201evybraly\u201c mezi jedn\u00edm \u010di druh\u00fdm p\u00f3lem, je v multipol\u00e1rn\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b kontraproduktivn\u00ed. Dnes to plat\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce. Multipolarita dozr\u00e1la a St\u0159edn\u00ed Asie usiluje o vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00e9 vztahy, nikoli o protekci.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trumpova v\u00fdzva op\u011bt spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee Washington je ji\u017e tak p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00fd jinde. Zem\u011b z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 uv\u00edzl\u00e1 na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b a nen\u00ed schopna se rozhodnout, zda \u201ez\u016fstat, nebo odej\u00edt\u201c, jak jsem\u00a0<\/span>zd\u016fraznil<\/span><\/a>\u00a0ji\u017e d\u0159\u00edve v tomto roce.<\/span><\/p>\n

USA cht\u011bj\u00ed zmen\u0161it svou p\u0159\u00edtomnost v regionu, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 se nemohou vzd\u00e1t ropn\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu, finan\u010dn\u00edch s\u00edt\u00ed a geopolitick\u00e9ho v\u00fdznamu regionu. Udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kladen bez jasn\u00e9ho posl\u00e1n\u00ed pouze vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 dal\u0161\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed. Stejn\u00e9 dilema existuje v Evrop\u011b, kde jsou USA hluboce spjaty s konfliktem, kter\u00fd nad\u00e1le pohlcuje pozornost a zdroje. \u010clov\u011bk nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt strat\u00e9gem v Pentagonu, aby pochopil, \u017ee p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed St\u0159edn\u00ed Asie jako dal\u0161\u00edho strategick\u00e9ho d\u011bji\u0161t\u011b nen\u00ed snadn\u00fd \u00fakol.<\/span><\/p>\n

Abychom to shrnuli, Washington riskuje, \u017ee s C5+1 bude slibovat p\u0159ehnan\u00e9 sliby, bude se hn\u00e1t za vz\u00e1cn\u00fdmi miner\u00e1ly, kontrolou dodavatelsk\u00e9ho \u0159et\u011bzce a eurasijsk\u00fdm vlivem, zat\u00edmco bude \u017eonglovat s krizemi na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b, ve v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Asii a Evrop\u011b. St\u0159edoasijsk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty v\u00edtaj\u00ed z\u00e1jem USA o diverzifikaci, ale po\u017eaduj\u00ed p\u0159edv\u00eddatelnost \u2013 co\u017e Washington z\u0159\u00eddka kdy spln\u00ed. Bez ukotven\u00ed pln\u00fdch hodnotov\u00fdch \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f od t\u011b\u017eby a\u017e po rafinaci bude region dr\u017eet se trp\u011bliv\u00fdch a bl\u00edzk\u00fdch partner\u016f, jako jsou \u010c\u00edna a Rusko.<\/span><\/p>\n

Amerika chce dominovat na mo\u0159i, na pevnin\u011b a v glob\u00e1ln\u00edm \u0159\u00e1du, ale jej\u00ed seznam \u00fakol\u016f pro rok 2025 je brut\u00e1ln\u011b dlouh\u00fd. Atlantick\u00e1 v\u00fdjime\u010dnost m\u016f\u017ee ignorovat limity; realita ne. Pokud se Washington nezav\u00e1\u017ee k seri\u00f3zn\u00ed, udr\u017eiteln\u00e9 a dlouhodob\u00e9 ekonomick\u00e9 integraci \u2013 nejen k transak\u010dn\u00edmu vyt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed \u2013 pak se na tento summit bude vzpom\u00ednat jako na dal\u0161\u00ed pokus o vstup do St\u0159edn\u00ed Asie s velk\u00fdmi sliby, kter\u00e9 nedok\u00e1zaly zm\u011bnit geopolitickou rovnov\u00e1hu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uriel Araujo, PhD.<\/a> v oboru antropologie, je soci\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u011bdec specializuj\u00edc\u00ed se na etnick\u00e9 a n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 konflikty s rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdm v\u00fdzkumem geopolitick\u00e9 dynamiky a kulturn\u00edch interakc\u00ed<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Trumpova komunikace v r\u00e1mci C5+1 se zam\u011b\u0159uje na kritick\u00e9 nerosty, energetickou bezpe\u010dnost a strategickou pozici…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":91725,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,760,2181,452],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/91724"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=91724"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/91724\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/91725"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=91724"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=91724"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=91724"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}