{"id":91590,"date":"2025-11-07T00:12:36","date_gmt":"2025-11-06T23:12:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=91590"},"modified":"2025-11-06T10:27:48","modified_gmt":"2025-11-06T09:27:48","slug":"egon-w-kreutzer-varianty-demokracie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/11\/07\/egon-w-kreutzer-varianty-demokracie\/","title":{"rendered":"Egon W. Kreutzer: Varianty demokracie"},"content":{"rendered":"
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V New Yorku je nov\u00fd starosta volen demokraticky. Ale co vlastn\u011b znamen\u00e1 \u201edemokraticky\u201c?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Demokracie nen\u00ed jen demokracie. A auto tak\u00e9 ne. Pro ka\u017ed\u00fd koncept se vyvinuly variace. U automobil\u016f se to pohybuje od mal\u00fdch sportovn\u00edch kabriolet\u016f p\u0159es gigantick\u00e1 SUV pro \u017eeny v dom\u00e1cnosti a\u017e po pick-upy ISIS \u2013 voliteln\u011b s benz\u00ednov\u00fdm, naftov\u00fdm nebo elektrick\u00fdm motorem a s zna\u010dnou rozmanitost\u00ed zna\u010dek a model\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Stejn\u011b jako automobily nab\u00edzej\u00ed na jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b nejneuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a nejpokro\u010dilej\u0161\u00ed dopravn\u00ed prost\u0159edek, klasick\u00e9 veter\u00e1ny jsou n\u011bkdy obdivov\u00e1ny nem\u00e9n\u011b a je jist\u011b pravda, \u017ee ti, kte\u0159\u00ed za\u010dali stav\u011bt automobily naposledy, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad \u010c\u00ed\u0148an\u00e9 nebo Elon Musk, jsou v pop\u0159ed\u00ed pokroku, zat\u00edmco zaveden\u00ed v\u00fdrobci, a\u010dkoli se sna\u017e\u00ed povrchn\u00ed barevnou rozmanitost\u00ed maskovat fakt, \u017ee se pod lakem st\u00e1le pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 starod\u00e1vn\u00e1 technologie, ji\u017e za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed b\u00fdt z\u0159ejm\u00ed, \u017ee tyto monstra z Jursk\u00e9ho parku jsou odsouzena k vyhynut\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tot\u00e9\u017e plat\u00ed pro demokracii. Tam, kde se lid\u00e9 dr\u017e\u00ed star\u00fdch demokratick\u00fdch tradic minul\u00fdch stalet\u00ed, se volby st\u00e1le v\u00edce st\u00e1vaj\u00ed loteri\u00ed s nep\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00fdmi v\u00fdsledky. Progresivn\u00ed demokracie pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed progresivn\u00ed prost\u0159edky k d\u016fsledn\u00e9mu dosa\u017een\u00ed po\u017eadovan\u00e9ho volebn\u00edho v\u00fdsledku \u2013 a s t\u00edmto p\u0159\u00edstupem si vedou dob\u0159e.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nap\u0159\u00edklad Rumunsko se stalo demokratick\u00fdm a\u017e v roce 1989, demokratickou \u00fastavu p\u0159ijalo v roce 1991 a aktualizovalo ji v roce 2003. To jim umo\u017enilo prohl\u00e1sit lo\u0148sk\u00e9 prezidentsk\u00e9 volby za neplatn\u00e9, proto\u017ee demokratick\u00fd kandid\u00e1t nevyhr\u00e1l. Do\u0161lo k nesrovnalostem, uvedli, kter\u00e9 si vy\u017e\u00e1daly opakov\u00e1n\u00ed voleb. Aby se zabr\u00e1nilo tomu, aby stejn\u00e9 nesrovnalosti vedly k dal\u0161\u00edmu nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9mu v\u00fdsledku, byla ultramodern\u00ed volebn\u00ed komise pov\u011b\u0159ena \u00fakolem zajistit jasnost v p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch volb\u00e1ch, \u010deho\u017e se j\u00ed poda\u0159ilo brilantn\u011b t\u00edm, \u017ee kandid\u00e1tovi Georgescuovi v\u016fbec zabr\u00e1nila kandidovat. Bingo. Rumunsko m\u00e1 kone\u010dn\u011b prezidenta, kter\u00e9ho si zaslou\u017e\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zat\u00edmco n\u011bkter\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti N\u011bmecka se demokratick\u00fdmi staly ji\u017e v roce 1949, cel\u00e9 N\u011bmecko se j\u00edm \u2013 podle sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho pr\u00e1va \u2013 stalo a\u017e v roce 1989. Nen\u00ed tedy divu, \u017ee i zde se p\u011bstuj\u00ed nejprogresivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed formy demokracie. Po vzoru rumunsk\u00e9 modelov\u00e9 demokracie zde volebn\u00ed komise tak\u00e9 vytvo\u0159ila fait accompli t\u00edm, \u017ee preventivn\u011b vylou\u010dila z voleb nejslibn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho kandid\u00e1ta na starostu Ludwigshafenu. To p\u0159irozen\u011b umo\u017enilo, aby byl demokratick\u00fd kandid\u00e1t zvolen velkou v\u011bt\u0161inou. Bingo.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dv\u011b st\u011b dva roky p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e se Rumunsko a cel\u00e9 N\u011bmecko staly demokraciemi, 17. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1787, se USA poda\u0159ilo st\u00e1t se demokratick\u00fdm st\u00e1tem. Tato starobyl\u00e1 forma demokracie, dvojn\u00e1sobn\u011b komplikovan\u00e1 feder\u00e1ln\u00edm modelem s jeho \u010detn\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty, guvern\u00e9ry a sen\u00e1tory, stagnovala ve sv\u00e9m v\u00fdvoji a v\u00fdrazn\u011b zaostala za modern\u00edmi demokraciemi. I kdy\u017e se prov\u00e1d\u011bly pokusy o manipulaci s volebn\u00edmi automaty pomoc\u00ed softwaru a o pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed nekontrolovan\u00fdch volebn\u00edch l\u00edstk\u016f zas\u00edlan\u00fdch po\u0161tou, star\u00fd, ji\u017e spr\u00e1vn\u011b nefunguj\u00edc\u00ed a v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nechr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fd princip v\u00e1\u017een\u00ed hlas\u016f oproti dolarov\u00fdm bankovk\u00e1m z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 posledn\u00ed mo\u017enost\u00ed, pou\u017e\u00edvanou pouze v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b strachu z nejhor\u0161\u00edho. Chud\u00e1k Amerika.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Donald Trump, prezident, kter\u00fd se k moci dostal pouze d\u00edky tomuto zastaral\u00e9mu modelu demokracie, se op\u011bt pokou\u0161\u00ed o hru s pen\u011bzi. Jen\u017ee tentokr\u00e1t je to naopak. Nechce mobilizovat pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 hlasy pro sv\u00e9ho kandid\u00e1ta na starostu New Yorku miliony dolar\u016f \u2013 hroz\u00ed, \u017ee Newyor\u010dan\u016fm odebere feder\u00e1ln\u00ed financov\u00e1n\u00ed, pokud navzdory jeho demokratick\u00fdm n\u00e1mitk\u00e1m zvol\u00ed nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho kandid\u00e1ta, konkr\u00e9tn\u011b demokrata Zohrana Mamdaniho. Chce, aby Newyor\u010dan\u00e9 volili demokraty, ale pros\u00edm, ne demokraty.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trouf\u00e1m si \u0159\u00edct, \u017ee Newyor\u010dan\u00e9 se Trumpovou hrozbou nezaleknou, ale pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b budou dokonce Mamdaniho volit s vzdorovitou n\u00e1ladou.<\/span><\/p>\n

Takov\u00fd je tedy stav zastaral\u00e9 demokracie v USA. Prost\u011b se nikdy nepou\u010d\u00ed. Zat\u00edmco nov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed demokracie ji\u017e pracuj\u00ed na vyu\u017eit\u00ed mo\u017enosti demokratick\u00e9ho z\u00e1kazu strany, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 v podpo\u0159e voli\u010d\u016f nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u0161anci, pot\u00e9, co se jim poda\u0159ilo vylou\u010dit jej\u00ed kandid\u00e1ty z voleb, takov\u00fd Mamdani m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159irozen\u011b kandidovat v New Yorku a b\u00fdt zvolen velkou v\u011bt\u0161inou.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u011bco takov\u00e9ho by v Turecku nebylo mo\u017en\u00e9. Turecko je tak progresivn\u00ed, \u017ee se v\u011bdci p\u0159ou o to, zda je v\u016fbec je\u0161t\u011b demokraci\u00ed, nebo zda Turecko za Erdo\u011fana ji\u017e dos\u00e1hlo nov\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b st\u00e1tn\u00edho uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed a p\u0159ekro\u010dilo demokracii.<\/span><\/p>\n

Chud\u00e1k Amerika! Kdysi vzor pro demokratick\u00fd sv\u011bt \u2013 a te\u010f tohle\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

Egon W. Kreutzer<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V New Yorku je nov\u00fd starosta volen demokraticky. Ale co vlastn\u011b znamen\u00e1 \u201edemokraticky\u201c? Demokracie nen\u00ed…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":91591,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[169,1503,1747,27],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/91590"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=91590"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/91590\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/91591"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=91590"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=91590"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=91590"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}