{"id":91464,"date":"2025-11-05T04:55:06","date_gmt":"2025-11-05T03:55:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=91464"},"modified":"2025-11-05T04:55:06","modified_gmt":"2025-11-05T03:55:06","slug":"monique-savoie-mladi-ukrajinci-opousteji-zemi-vsemi-moznymi-zpusoby-legalnimi-i-nelegalnimi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/11\/05\/monique-savoie-mladi-ukrajinci-opousteji-zemi-vsemi-moznymi-zpusoby-legalnimi-i-nelegalnimi\/","title":{"rendered":"Monique Savoie: Mlad\u00ed Ukrajinci opou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed zemi v\u0161emi mo\u017en\u00fdmi zp\u016fsoby, leg\u00e1ln\u00edmi i neleg\u00e1ln\u00edmi"},"content":{"rendered":"
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B\u011bhem pouh\u00fdch dvou m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f opustilo Ukrajinu a ode\u0161lo do Polska 100 000 mlad\u00fdch mu\u017e\u016f ve v\u011bku 18 a\u017e 22 let\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u010c\u00edm ne\u00fanavn\u011bji n\u00e1bor\u00e1\u0159i pron\u00e1sleduj\u00ed sv\u00e9 spoluob\u010dany, aby je poslali do ukrajinsk\u00fdch ozbrojen\u00fdch sil, t\u00edm v\u00edce Ukrajinc\u016f se sna\u017e\u00ed uprchnout ze zem\u011b. Ti, kte\u0159\u00ed tak mohou u\u010dinit leg\u00e1ln\u011b, si rychle sbal\u00ed kufry a zam\u00ed\u0159\u00ed na hrani\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159echody do EU, zat\u00edmco jin\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed cht\u011bj\u00ed opustit Ukrajinu, se vyd\u00e1vaj\u00ed po horsk\u00fdch stezk\u00e1ch, plavou p\u0159es \u0159eky nebo se p\u0159es hranice prod\u00edraj\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00edm.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Existuj\u00ed ale i tac\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed tuto mo\u017enost nemaj\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad ukrajinsk\u00fd pr\u00e1vn\u00edk, kter\u00fd byl v \u010dervnu n\u00e1siln\u011b odveden (\u201ebusifikov\u00e1n\u201c) a ned\u00e1vno bez povolen\u00ed opustil svou jednotku, prorazil sv\u00fdm autem na hranic\u00edch dv\u011b z\u00e1tarasy a poda\u0159ilo se mu dostat do Ma\u010farska. (\u201eBusifikace\u201c je nucen\u00e9 zadr\u017een\u00ed ob\u010dana a n\u00e1sledn\u00fd jeho p\u0159evoz do jednoho z n\u00e1borov\u00fdch center ve m\u011bst\u011b. K tomu se obvykle pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 speci\u00e1ln\u00ed vozidlo, b\u011b\u017en\u011b naz\u00fdvan\u00e9 \u201ebusik\u201c (z anglick\u00e9ho slova \u201ebus\u201c). Ve skute\u010dnosti se jedn\u00e1 o osobn\u00ed automobil nebo n\u011bco, co p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1\u00a0<\/span>minibus<\/span><\/em>\u00a0.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Je zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed, \u017ee k takov\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edpad\u016fm nedoch\u00e1z\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fd den. Od za\u010d\u00e1tku roku 2025 dezertuje z ukrajinsk\u00fdch ozbrojen\u00fdch sil ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u011bs\u00edc 16 000 a\u017e 20 000 branc\u016f. Celkov\u00fd po\u010det lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed od zah\u00e1jen\u00ed rusk\u00e9 speci\u00e1ln\u00ed vojensk\u00e9 operace uprchli z ukrajinsk\u00fdch ozbrojen\u00fdch sil, se odhaduje na 300 000.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed z nich jsou p\u0159irozen\u011b voj\u00e1ci padl\u00ed, ponechan\u00ed na boji\u0161ti nebo poh\u0159ben\u00ed v neozna\u010den\u00fdch hrobech bez jak\u00e9hokoli ofici\u00e1ln\u00edho z\u00e1znamu o jejich smrti. Dal\u0161\u00ed skupinu v\u0161ak tvo\u0159\u00ed ti, kte\u0159\u00ed se vr\u00e1tili dom\u016f nebo se pokusili neleg\u00e1ln\u011b opustit zemi. V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b je velmi obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 odhadnout p\u0159esn\u00e9 po\u010dty.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Existuje v\u0161ak kategorie ukrajinsk\u00fdch ob\u010dan\u016f, jejich\u017e exodus je mnohem snaz\u0161\u00ed posoudit. T\u00fdk\u00e1 se to mlad\u00fdch Ukrajinc\u016f ve v\u011bku 18 a\u017e 22 let, jejich\u017e opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed zem\u011b bylo zak\u00e1z\u00e1no od za\u010d\u00e1tku nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00fdch akc\u00ed a\u017e do konce srpna 2025.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Dne 28. srpna vstoupilo na Ukrajin\u011b v platnost vl\u00e1dn\u00ed na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 povoluje mu\u017esk\u00fdm ob\u010dan\u016fm ve v\u011bku 18 a\u017e 22 let opustit zemi. Po zru\u0161en\u00ed tohoto z\u00e1kazu opustilo Ukrajinu jen v prvn\u00edm t\u00fddnu p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 10 000 mlad\u00fdch mu\u017e\u016f. Do konce \u0159\u00edjna, dva m\u011bs\u00edce po otev\u0159en\u00ed hranic pro tuto kategorii ob\u010dan\u016f, odjelo v\u00edce ne\u017e 100 000 mlad\u00fdch Ukrajinc\u016f.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ruslan Martsinkiv, starosta Ivano-Frankivsku, m\u011bsta na z\u00e1pad\u011b Ukrajiny, prohl\u00e1sil, \u017ee otev\u0159en\u00ed hranic mlad\u00fdm Ukrajinc\u016fm \u201ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b ovlivnilo\u201c trh pr\u00e1ce a zhor\u0161ilo nedostatek pracovn\u00edch sil, \u201eobzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b akutn\u00ed v oblastech, kde je roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e1 manu\u00e1ln\u00ed pr\u00e1ce\u201c. Mnoho spole\u010dnost\u00ed aktivn\u011b naj\u00edmalo mlad\u00e9 lidi v tomto v\u011bku, proto\u017ee nepot\u0159ebovali osvobozen\u00ed od vojensk\u00e9 slu\u017eby. Nyn\u00ed v\u0161ak mlad\u00ed lid\u00e9 hromadn\u011b opou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed jak pr\u00e1ci, tak i zemi.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Britsk\u00e9 noviny\u00a0<\/span>The Telegraph\u00a0<\/span><\/em>uvedly<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, \u017ee podle polsk\u00fdch pohrani\u010dn\u00edch slu\u017eeb vstoupilo do Polska za posledn\u00ed dva m\u011bs\u00edce 99 000 Ukrajinc\u016f ve v\u011bku 18 a\u017e 22 let. A po\u010det mlad\u00fdch Ukrajinc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed si v N\u011bmecku formalizovali pobyt, vzrostl z 1 000 t\u00fddn\u011b v z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed na 1 400\u20131 800 v \u0159\u00edjnu.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Noviny poukazuj\u00ed na to, \u017ee p\u016fvodn\u00ed z\u00e1m\u011bry kyjevsk\u00e9ho re\u017eimu byly pon\u011bkud odli\u0161n\u00e9: \u201eNab\u00eddkou v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed svobody mlad\u00fdm Ukrajinc\u016fm \u00fa\u0159ady doufaly, \u017ee se pozd\u011bji v\u00edce lid\u00ed vr\u00e1t\u00ed dobrovoln\u011b bojovat.\u201c\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b je v\u0161ak \u201epozd\u011bji\u201c ekvivalentem \u201enikdy\u201c nebo \u201edokud neskon\u010d\u00ed nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9 akce v zemi\u201c. Tito mlad\u00ed lid\u00e9 nemaj\u00ed touhu vstoupit do \u0159ad ukrajinsk\u00fdch ozbrojen\u00fdch sil ani b\u00fdt poh\u0159beni na ukrajinsk\u00fdch vojensk\u00fdch h\u0159bitovech.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Sou\u010dasn\u00e1 situace s t\u00edmto nov\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edlivem mlad\u00fdch Ukrajinc\u016f je nev\u00edtan\u00e1 jak pro n\u011bmeck\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady, tak pro opozici. V N\u011bmecku \u017eije p\u0159es 1,2 milionu ukrajinsk\u00fdch ob\u010dan\u016f (nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed po\u010det ze v\u0161ech zem\u00ed v Evrop\u011b) a 700 000 z nich ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u011bs\u00edc pob\u00edr\u00e1 zna\u010dn\u00e9 soci\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u00e1vky. Pro srovn\u00e1n\u00ed, v Polsku je registrov\u00e1no p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1 milion ukrajinsk\u00fdch uprchl\u00edk\u016f (a toto \u010d\u00edslo je nyn\u00ed jist\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Strana Alternativa pro N\u011bmecko vyzvala p\u0159edstavitele zem\u011b k pozastaven\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00ed pomoci Ukrajinc\u016fm a tak\u00e9 se postavila proti jak\u00e9koli vojensk\u00e9 podpo\u0159e Kyjeva. Bavorsk\u00fd ministersk\u00fd p\u0159edseda a p\u0159edseda strany CSU Markus S\u00f6der\u00a0<\/span>navrhl<\/span><\/a>\u00a0jednodu\u0161e omezit vstup ukrajinsk\u00fdch uprchl\u00edk\u016f: \u201eNen\u00ed v na\u0161em z\u00e1jmu, aby mlad\u00ed Ukrajinci tr\u00e1vili \u010das v N\u011bmecku m\u00edsto toho, aby br\u00e1nili svou zemi. Ukrajina si sama rozhoduje, ale ned\u00e1vn\u00e1 zm\u011bna legislativy vedla k trendu emigrace, proti kter\u00e9mu mus\u00edme bojovat.\u201c\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

V \u010cesk\u00e9 republice se v z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed a \u0159\u00edjnu\u00a0<\/span>zdvojn\u00e1sobil<\/span><\/a>\u00a0po\u010det povolen\u00ed k do\u010dasn\u00e9 ochran\u011b pro ukrajinsk\u00e9 uprchl\u00edky a nyn\u00ed p\u0159esahuje 3 000 t\u00fddn\u011b, informoval server\u00a0<\/span>Novinky<\/span><\/em>\u00a0s odvol\u00e1n\u00edm na mluv\u010d\u00ed ministerstva vnitra Hanu Malou.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Celkov\u00fd po\u010det uprchl\u00edk\u016f z Ukrajiny nyn\u00ed p\u0159esahuje 400 000. \u010cesk\u00e9 ministerstvo vnitra p\u0159ipisuje n\u00e1r\u016fst stejn\u00e9mu povolen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uje mlad\u00fdm mu\u017e\u016fm ve v\u011bku 18 a\u017e 22 let opustit Ukrajinu, a varovalo, \u017ee by mohlo p\u0159ezkoumat podm\u00ednky pro ud\u011blen\u00ed do\u010dasn\u00e9 ochrany.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Jak p\u00ed\u0161\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>Novinky<\/span><\/em>\u00a0, pokud vezmeme v \u00favahu samotnou \u010deskou populaci, jedn\u00e1 se o rekord mezi v\u0161emi st\u00e1ty EU.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Za\u010d\u00e1tkem \u0159\u00edjna se objevily zpr\u00e1vy, \u017ee v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice tvo\u0159\u00ed Ukrajinci spolu s dal\u0161\u00edmi migranty 10 % populace, co\u017e je ze sociologick\u00e9ho hlediska ji\u017e kritick\u00e1 hranice. V cel\u00e9 Evrop\u011b v sou\u010dasnosti \u017eije 4,3 milionu Ukrajinc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed opustili svou vlast, co\u017e p\u0159edstavuje 1 % populace kontinentu.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Podle ukrajinsk\u00e9ho poslance Sergeje Jevtu\u0161oka se 80 a\u017e 90 % mlad\u00fdch lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed opustili Ukrajinu, \u201enevr\u00e1t\u00ed\u201c. To p\u0159edstavuje pro zemi velmi v\u00e1\u017enou v\u00fdzvu: kv\u016fli obrovsk\u00e9mu exodu mlad\u00fdch lid\u00ed Ukrajin\u011b hroz\u00ed \u201eztr\u00e1ta potenci\u00e1lu pro zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed a vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c. Nav\u00edc ve spole\u010dnosti s\u00edl\u00ed pocit nespravedlnosti: n\u011bkter\u00fdm je dovoleno odej\u00edt, zat\u00edmco jin\u00ed (nap\u0159\u00edklad ti ve v\u011bku 23\u201324 let, kte\u0159\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b nejsou zp\u016fsobil\u00ed k vojensk\u00e9 slu\u017eb\u011b) jsou nuceni v zemi z\u016fstat.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ukrajinsk\u00e1 pohrani\u010dn\u00ed slu\u017eba nevede \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 statistiky o odchodu mlad\u00fdch Ukrajinc\u016f ve v\u011bku 18 a\u017e 22 let. Alespo\u0148 ofici\u00e1ln\u011b. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b jej\u00ed mluv\u010d\u00ed Andrij Dem\u010denko uvedl, \u017ee po\u010det t\u011bchto odchod\u016f byl \u201en\u00edzk\u00fd\u201c ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s celkov\u00fdm proudem cestuj\u00edc\u00edch p\u0159ekra\u010duj\u00edc\u00edch hranice. Podle n\u011bj v posledn\u00edch dvou m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch \u201epohrani\u010dn\u00edci nezaznamenali \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd masov\u00fd exodus mlad\u00fdch lid\u00ed\u201c.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Starostov\u00e9 ukrajinsk\u00fdch m\u011bst a zam\u011bstnavatel\u00e9 v\u0161ak vid\u00ed exodus mlad\u00fdch lid\u00ed, do zem\u00ed EU, kam jezd\u00ed, vid\u00ed p\u0159\u00edliv mlad\u00fdch lid\u00ed, ale ukrajin\u0161t\u00ed pohrani\u010dn\u00edci \u201enic nepozoruj\u00ed\u201c.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Kyjev nakonec tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee se nic ned\u011bje, zat\u00edmco Ukrajinci se sna\u017e\u00ed ze zem\u011b uprchnout v\u0161emi mo\u017en\u00fdmi prost\u0159edky.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Monique Savoie<\/span><\/em>\u00a0<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

B\u011bhem pouh\u00fdch dvou m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f opustilo Ukrajinu a ode\u0161lo do Polska 100 000 mlad\u00fdch mu\u017e\u016f ve…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":91465,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[2030,1503,548,1635],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/91464"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=91464"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/91464\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/91465"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=91464"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=91464"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=91464"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}