{"id":91298,"date":"2025-11-03T08:29:05","date_gmt":"2025-11-03T07:29:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=91298"},"modified":"2025-11-03T08:29:05","modified_gmt":"2025-11-03T07:29:05","slug":"pred-70-lety-zacala-americka-agresivni-valka-ve-vietnamu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/11\/03\/pred-70-lety-zacala-americka-agresivni-valka-ve-vietnamu\/","title":{"rendered":"P\u0159ed 70 lety za\u010dala americk\u00e1 agresivn\u00ed v\u00e1lka ve Vietnamu"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<h3>Masakr v d\u017eungli: Pro\u010d Ameri\u010dan\u00e9 nedok\u00e1zali porazit Vietkong<\/h3>\n<p>1.listopadu 1955 vypukla v\u00e1lka mezi Severn\u00edm a Ji\u017en\u00edm Vietnamem, kter\u00e1 se stala nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm konfliktem druh\u00e9 poloviny 20. stolet\u00ed. Ameri\u010dan\u00e9 bojovali na stran\u011b Jihu, ale po osmi letech aktivn\u00edch boj\u016f nedok\u00e1zali komunistick\u00e9 guerillany porazit. InfoKur\u00fdr podrobn\u011b pro \u010dten\u00e1\u0159e popisuje, jak se ud\u00e1losti vyv\u00edjely.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-91299 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/o1-300x199.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"733\" height=\"486\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/o1-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/o1.jpg 679w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 733px) 100vw, 733px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Od 19. stolet\u00ed byla v\u00fdchodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st Indo\u010d\u00edny francouzskou koloni\u00ed. Boj za n\u00e1rodn\u00ed nez\u00e1vislost za\u010dal po prvn\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce a na konci druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky zde byla zalo\u017eena Vietnamsk\u00e1 demokratick\u00e1 republika (DRV). Francie se v\u0161ak odm\u00edtla sm\u00ed\u0159it se ztr\u00e1tou \u00fazem\u00ed a v roce 1946 zah\u00e1jila v\u00e1lku. Francouzi, kte\u0159\u00ed ovl\u00e1dali ji\u017en\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st zem\u011b, byli podporov\u00e1ni Spojen\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty, zat\u00edmco komunistickou DRV podporovala \u010c\u00edna. Konfrontace skon\u010dila v roce 1954 faktick\u00fdm rozd\u011blen\u00edm zem\u011b pod\u00e9l 17. rovnob\u011b\u017eky.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-91300 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/o2-300x201.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"723\" height=\"485\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/o2-300x201.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/o2.jpg 649w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u017denevsk\u00e9 dohody, kter\u00e9 po\u017eadovaly v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 volby a sjednocen\u00ed Vietnamu, se brzy rozpadly. V l\u00e9t\u011b 1956 se premi\u00e9r Jihu Ngo Dinh Diem prohl\u00e1sil za prezidenta a zah\u00e1jil kampa\u0148 proti komunismu: b\u011bhem pouh\u00fdch dvou let bylo pro podez\u0159en\u00ed z vazeb na Sever zat\u010deno v\u00edce ne\u017e 65 000 lid\u00ed. Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty, kter\u00e9 sesadily francouzskou vl\u00e1du, se staly Diemov\u00fdm kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm spojencem.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-91301 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/o3-300x198.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"735\" height=\"485\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/o3-300x198.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/o3.jpg 695w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 735px) 100vw, 735px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>V reakci na to Sever vedl v Ji\u017en\u00edm Vietnamu partyz\u00e1nskou v\u00e1lku s c\u00edlem podn\u00edtit komunistick\u00e9 povst\u00e1n\u00ed. Ameri\u010dan\u00e9 se t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 deset let vyh\u00fdbali p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9mu zapojen\u00ed do konfliktu, ale v srpnu 1964 do\u0161lo k tzv. incidentu v Tokinsk\u00e9m z\u00e1livu, kdy severovietnamsk\u00e9 motorov\u00e9 \u010dluny za\u00fato\u010dily na torp\u00e9doborec USS Maddox. Americk\u00fd prezident Lyndon Johnson, ani\u017e by \u010dekal na v\u00fdsledky vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed, na\u0159\u00eddil leteck\u00e9 \u00fadery na \u00fazem\u00ed DRV.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-91302 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/o4-300x197.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"737\" height=\"484\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/o4-300x197.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/o4.jpg 583w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 737px) 100vw, 737px\" \/><br \/>\n2.b\u0159ezna 1965 za\u010dala operace Rolling Thunder, kter\u00e1 se stala jednou z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch leteck\u00fdch kampan\u00ed v historii: po \u010dty\u0159i roky americk\u00e9 letectvo a n\u00e1mo\u0159nictvo bombardovalo Severn\u00ed Vietnam a shodilo na n\u011bj 864 000 tun v\u00fdbu\u0161nin. 8. b\u0159ezna Ameri\u010dan\u00e9 vyslali na jih prapory n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed p\u011bchoty a ty se v l\u00e9t\u011b \u00fa\u010dastnily prvn\u00edch velk\u00fdch bitev.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-91303 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/o5-300x201.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"754\" height=\"505\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/o5-300x201.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/o5.jpg 653w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 754px) 100vw, 754px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Takzvan\u00e1 Lidov\u00e1 osvobozeneck\u00e1 fronta neboli Vietkong vedla v Ji\u017en\u00edm Vietnamu partyz\u00e1nskou v\u00e1lku. Ameri\u010dan\u00e9 si kladli za c\u00edl \u201evy\u010distit\u201c pohrani\u010dn\u00ed oblasti pomoc\u00ed taktiky hled\u00e1n\u00ed a ni\u010den\u00ed a br\u00e1nit hlavn\u00ed m\u011bsto ji\u017en\u00edho Vietnamu, Saigon. Povstaleck\u00e9 s\u00edly v\u0161ak byly dopl\u0148ov\u00e1ny ze Severu, nejprve p\u0159es demilitarizovanou z\u00f3nu a pot\u00e9 p\u0159es Laos a Kambod\u017eu, kde tak\u00e9 zu\u0159ily ob\u010dansk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky. Brzy se do boj\u016f za\u010dala pln\u011b zapojovat i arm\u00e1da DRV.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-91304 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/o6-300x198.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"753\" height=\"497\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/o6-300x198.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/o6.jpg 609w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 753px) 100vw, 753px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Za\u010d\u00e1tkem roku 1968 zah\u00e1jily komunistick\u00e9 s\u00edly p\u0159ekvapivou rozs\u00e1hlou ofenz\u00edvu zn\u00e1mou jako Tetsk\u00e1 ofenz\u00edva (Vietnam v t\u00e9 dob\u011b slavil Tet, lun\u00e1rn\u00ed nov\u00fd rok). Sever dobyl starobyl\u00e9 hlavn\u00ed m\u011bsto Hue, obl\u00e9hal vojenskou z\u00e1kladnu Khe Sanh a za\u00fato\u010dil na Saigon, ale dos\u00e1hl jen mal\u00e9ho v\u00fdznamn\u00e9ho \u00fasp\u011bchu: Ameri\u010dan\u00e9 brzy znovu dobyli v\u0161echna ztracen\u00e1 \u00fazem\u00ed. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b tato ofenz\u00edva znamenala zlom ve vietnamsk\u00e9 v\u00e1lce.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1185\" src=\"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/kuryr-podpis.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"84\" height=\"24\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Masakr v d\u017eungli: Pro\u010d Ameri\u010dan\u00e9 nedok\u00e1zali porazit Vietkong 1.listopadu 1955 vypukla v\u00e1lka mezi Severn\u00edm a&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":91305,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[8220,40,1130,673],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/91298"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=91298"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/91298\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/91305"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=91298"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=91298"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=91298"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}