{"id":91115,"date":"2025-11-01T00:26:53","date_gmt":"2025-10-31T23:26:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=91115"},"modified":"2025-10-31T05:21:20","modified_gmt":"2025-10-31T04:21:20","slug":"jiri-weigl-nekolik-poznamek-k-oslave-statniho-svatku-28-rijna","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/11\/01\/jiri-weigl-nekolik-poznamek-k-oslave-statniho-svatku-28-rijna\/","title":{"rendered":"Ji\u0159\u00ed Weigl: N\u011bkolik pozn\u00e1mek k oslav\u011b st\u00e1tn\u00edho sv\u00e1tku 28. \u0159\u00edjna"},"content":{"rendered":"
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1. Bylo to \u0159e\u010deno ji\u017e mnohokr\u00e1t, ale je pot\u0159eba opakovat \u2013 28. \u0159\u00edjen je n\u00e1\u0161 hlavn\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed sv\u00e1tek, oslava v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed vzniku na\u0161\u00ed modern\u00ed st\u00e1tnosti a suverenity. P\u0159i t\u00e9to p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti m\u00e1 nav\u00edc prezident jednu z\u00a0mo\u017enost\u00ed, kdy ud\u011blovat st\u00e1tn\u00ed vyznamen\u00e1n\u00ed. Tedy \u2013 prim\u00e1rn\u00ed je oslava vzniku republiky, druhotn\u00e1 jsou st\u00e1tn\u00ed vyznamen\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee hlava st\u00e1tu ud\u011blovat i v\u00a0jin\u00e9m \u0159\u00e1dov\u00e9m dni, kter\u00fdm je podle z\u00e1kona 1. leden.<\/p>\n

P\u0159esto\u017ee od r\u00e1na 28. \u0159\u00edjna prob\u00edh\u00e1 \u0159ada ofici\u00e1ln\u00edch akci \u2013 kladen\u00ed v\u011bnc\u016f, jmenov\u00e1n\u00ed gener\u00e1l\u016f atd., v\u00a0o\u010d\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00ed, mnoha politik\u016f i \u0161irok\u00e9 ve\u0159ejnosti se v\u00a0posledn\u00ed dob\u011b, od po\u010d\u00e1tku Zemanova prezidentstv\u00ed, stalo t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 hlavn\u00edm obsahem oslavy st\u00e1tn\u00edho sv\u00e1tku ud\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00edch vyznamen\u00e1n\u00ed ve\u010der ve Vladislavsk\u00e9m s\u00e1le na Pra\u017esk\u00e9m hrad\u011b. O tom se vedou diskuse, spekulace a p\u00ed\u0161\u00ed obs\u00e1hl\u00e9 koment\u00e1\u0159e.<\/p>\n

Vrcholem oslav by v\u0161ak m\u011blo b\u00fdt n\u011bco jin\u00e9ho \u2013 m\u011bl by j\u00edm b\u00fdt projev prezidenta republiky, kter\u00fd ceremoni\u00e1lu ud\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed vyznamen\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edch\u00e1z\u00ed. To je v\u00a0cel\u00e9m roce nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost pro hlavu st\u00e1tu promluvit v\u00a0hlavn\u00edm vys\u00edlac\u00edm \u010dase sd\u011blovac\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f k\u00a0cel\u00e9mu n\u00e1rodu a v\u00a0den v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed republiky jej oslovit s\u00a0n\u011bjak\u00fdm poselstv\u00edm, t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edm se na\u0161\u00ed sou\u010dasnosti a jej\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f, vztahu k\u00a0minulosti i perspektiv budoucnosti. Tento projev by m\u011bl b\u00fdt o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n, diskutov\u00e1n a hodnocen, m\u011bl by inspirovat a oslovovat. M\u011bl by m\u00edt p\u0159esah. Bohu\u017eel, povrchn\u00ed dne\u0161n\u00ed doba na n\u011bj takov\u00e9 n\u00e1roky neklade, postupn\u011b za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 hr\u00e1t roli jak\u00e9si pouh\u00e9 p\u0159edehry vyznamen\u00e1vac\u00edho ceremoni\u00e1lu, a to je stra\u0161n\u011b m\u00e1lo. P\u0159ipravujeme se t\u00edm o z\u00e1sadn\u00ed politickou dimenzi oslavy, kterou by m\u011bla m\u00edt.<\/p>\n

2. K\u00a0samotn\u00e9mu vyznamen\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed \u2013 ve sv\u011bt\u011b existuj\u00ed v\u00a0z\u00e1sad\u011b dva p\u0159\u00edstupy k\u00a0ud\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159\u00e1d\u016f a st\u00e1tn\u00edch vyznamen\u00e1n\u00ed. Jeden, kter\u00fd existuje p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v\u00a0zem\u00edch na jih od na\u0161ich hranic, ch\u00e1pe ud\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00edch vyznamen\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm jako zdvo\u0159ilostn\u00ed akt v\u016f\u010di vyznamenan\u00e9 osob\u011b, kter\u00fd nem\u00e1 ambici hodnotit jeho celo\u017eivotn\u00ed z\u00e1sluhy, ale vyjad\u0159uje j\u00edm moment\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00factu a z\u00e1jem o danou osobnost. V\u00a0t\u011bchto zem\u00edch se vyznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 hojn\u011b a p\u0159i v\u0161ech mo\u017en\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitostech a rozhodnut\u00ed o ud\u011blen\u00ed vyznamen\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00e1 jednoduch\u00e1 pravidla.<\/p>\n

My pat\u0159\u00edme k\u00a0zem\u00edm, kde z\u00e1kon i ve\u0159ejnost ch\u00e1pou st\u00e1tn\u00ed vyznamen\u00e1n\u00ed jinak. Pravomoc sv\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed hlav\u011b st\u00e1tu a je\u0161t\u011b nav\u00edc vy\u017eaduj\u00ed kontrasignaci rozhodnut\u00ed p\u0159edsedou vl\u00e1dy. Ud\u011bluj\u00ed se za prok\u00e1zan\u00e9 z\u00e1sluhy o st\u00e1t v\u00a0z\u00e1konem vyjmenovan\u00fdch oblastech a v\u00fdb\u011bru ocen\u011bn\u00fdch je navrhovateli i ve\u0159ejnost\u00ed, stejn\u011b jako hlavou st\u00e1tu v\u011bnov\u00e1na velk\u00e1 pozornost. Obvykl\u00e9 jsou i zna\u010dn\u00e9 spory o v\u00fdb\u011br i z\u00e1sluhy konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch vyznamenan\u00fdch.<\/p>\n

Tyto rozd\u00edln\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstupy v\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdch zem\u00edch k\u00a0ud\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed vyznamen\u00e1n\u00ed n\u011bkdy plod\u00ed probl\u00e9my pro diplomaty, nebo\u0165 my nejsme v\u00a0na\u0161\u00ed tradici schopni recipro\u010dn\u011b rozd\u00e1vat na potk\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00edm n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u00e1m na\u0161e vysok\u00e9 \u0159\u00e1dy, zat\u00edmco u nich to t\u0159eba b\u00fdv\u00e1 b\u011b\u017enou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed diplomatick\u00e9 zdvo\u0159ilosti v\u016f\u010di v\u00fdznamn\u00e9mu zahrani\u010dn\u00edmu hostu.<\/p>\n

3. P\u0159ikl\u00e1d\u00e1me-li tedy ud\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00edch vyznamen\u00e1n\u00ed velkou v\u00e1hu, m\u011bli by hlavy na\u0161eho st\u00e1tu a jejich okol\u00ed v\u011bnovat pozornost n\u011bkter\u00fdm z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdm ot\u00e1zk\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 jsou opakovan\u011b p\u0159edm\u011btem debat. Jednou z\u00a0nich, a to st\u00e1le nal\u00e9hav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, je probl\u00e9m vyznamen\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed osob in memoriam. Nem\u00e1m t\u00edm na mysli ty vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed osobnosti, kter\u00e9 ned\u00e1vno ode\u0161ly, nebo kter\u00fdm se z\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00ed\u010din, nedostalo ocen\u011bn\u00ed za \u017eivota. Jde mi o st\u00e1le v\u00edce do hloubky historie m\u00ed\u0159\u00edc\u00ed vyznamen\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed d\u00e1vn\u00fdch hrdin\u016f, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm z\u00a0obdob\u00ed druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky, od jej\u00edho\u017e konce ji\u017e uplynulo 80 let. Jsme-li ji\u017e tak hluboko v\u00a0historii, potom se logicky nask\u00fdtaj\u00ed ot\u00e1zky, kam a\u017e m\u00e1me zach\u00e1zet. Pro\u010d pouze druh\u00e1 sv\u011btov\u00e1 v\u00e1lka, kdy\u017e ta prvn\u00ed byla jenom o pouh\u00fdch dvacet let d\u0159\u00edve a pro n\u00e1\u0161 n\u00e1rod znamenala daleko v\u00edce ob\u011bt\u00ed. A co hrdinov\u00e9 z\u00a0d\u00e1vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch dob? Budeme vyznamen\u00e1vat d\u011bjepisn\u00e9 postavy? Kde se zastavit, kde naj\u00edt hranici, kter\u00e1 d\u00e1 vyznamen\u00e1n\u00ed smysl a oslov\u00ed ve\u0159ejnost. D\u00e1vn\u00ed hrdinov\u00e9, jejich\u017e vyznamen\u00e1n\u00ed nem\u00e1 kdo bl\u00edzk\u00fd p\u0159evz\u00edt, asi t\u011b\u017eko oslov\u00ed dne\u0161n\u00edho \u010dlov\u011bka.<\/p>\n

4. V\u00a0posledn\u00edch letech se v\u00a0praxi 28. \u0159\u00edjn\u016f za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed smaz\u00e1vat rozd\u00edly mezi jednotliv\u00fdmi \u0159\u00e1dy, a tak nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed vyznamen\u00e1n\u00ed \u2013 \u0159\u00e1d B\u00edl\u00e9ho lva, kter\u00fd dostali takov\u00ed hrdinov\u00e9 jako gener\u00e1lov\u00e9 Pe\u0159ina, Fajtl \u010di Sedl\u00e1\u010dek, \u010di st\u00e1tn\u00edci form\u00e1tu Margaret Thatcherov\u00e9 \u010di Helmuta Kohla, dnes dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed popul\u00e1rn\u00ed bavi\u010di \u010di dlouholet\u00ed \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edci. Ka\u017ed\u00fd c\u00edt\u00ed, \u017ee to nen\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00e9, a \u017ee ud\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00edch vyznamen\u00e1n\u00ed za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 n\u011bkam uj\u00ed\u017ed\u011bt. Hroz\u00ed, \u017ee presti\u017e na\u0161eho nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edho st\u00e1tn\u00edho vyznamen\u00e1n\u00ed takto zdevalvuje.<\/p>\n

5. Stejn\u011b tak se za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 objevovat praxe op\u011btovn\u00e9ho vyznamen\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed osob, kter\u00e9 ji\u017e d\u0159\u00edve obdr\u017eely jin\u00e9 st\u00e1tn\u00ed vyznamen\u00e1n\u00ed, nebo tot\u00e9\u017e, ale ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddy. D\u016fvody b\u00fdvaj\u00ed nejasn\u00e9. Pe\u010dliv\u00fd v\u00fdb\u011br m\u00e9n\u011b osobnost\u00ed, ale s\u00a0jasn\u00fdm a sd\u011bliteln\u00fdm zd\u016fvodn\u011bn\u00edm, rozhodn\u011b znamen\u00e1 v\u00edc ne\u017e snaha za ka\u017edou cenu ud\u011blit co nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed po\u010det vysok\u00fdch vyznamen\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

6. Jsme plebejsk\u00fdm n\u00e1rodem, kter\u00e9mu chyb\u00ed aristokratick\u00e1 tradice, ale p\u0159esto lze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee kolem oslav st\u00e1tn\u00edho sv\u00e1tku na Pra\u017esk\u00e9m hrad\u011b se povedlo vytvo\u0159it d\u016fstojn\u00fd a sv\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem vzne\u0161en\u00fd ceremoni\u00e1l. Vladislavsk\u00fd s\u00e1l, slavnostn\u00ed uniformy Hradn\u00ed str\u00e1\u017ee, historick\u00e9 prapory aj. vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed, do n\u011bho\u017e u\u017e samotn\u00e1 pozv\u00e1nka znamen\u00e1 jist\u00e9ho druhu vyznamen\u00e1n\u00ed. Je proto nepochopiteln\u00e9, \u017ee ani v\u00a0tento slavnostn\u00ed ve\u010der nem\u011bl prezident republiky \u010dern\u00fd oblek. Chceme se snad vracet do dob re\u00e1ln\u00e9ho socialismu s\u00a0met\u00e1ly na uv\u00e1len\u00fdch sak\u00e1ch? Prezident jako b\u00fdval\u00fd voj\u00e1k m\u00e1 nepochybn\u011b smysl pro \u00fastrojn\u00ed k\u00e1ze\u0148, tak\u017ee ho nelze podez\u0159\u00edvat z\u00a0neznal\u00e9ho lajd\u00e1ctv\u00ed. Ale nadb\u00edh\u00e1n\u00ed poklesl\u00e9 lidovosti t\u011b\u017eko zafunguje, pouze to smaz\u00e1v\u00e1 pot\u0159ebn\u00fd lesk cel\u00e9 akce. \u017de po n\u011bm pozvan\u00ed host\u00e9 tou\u017e\u00ed, dokl\u00e1daj\u00ed smokingy velk\u00e9ho po\u010dtu z\u00a0nich, \u010d\u00edm\u017e poru\u0161uj\u00ed p\u0159edepsan\u00fd dress code a v\u016f\u010di prezidentovi-hostiteli jsou tzv. overdressed. V\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch zem\u00edch by to byl z\u00e1sadn\u00ed probl\u00e9m, u n\u00e1s se nad t\u00edm nepozastavuje ani v\u00a0bulv\u00e1ru v\u0161ev\u011bdouc\u00ed tzv. m\u00f3dn\u00ed policie. Pomalu se tak smi\u0159ujeme s\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee i 28. \u0159\u00edjna v\u0161e pomalu klou\u017ee do tradi\u010dn\u00edho \u010desk\u00e9ho nepo\u0159\u00e1dku, kde u\u017e ani fanf\u00e1ry z\u00a0Libu\u0161e nejsou vyhrazeny pouze hlav\u011b st\u00e1tu. M\u011bli bychom se nad t\u00edm spolu s\u00a0prezidentem zamyslet.<\/p>\n

Ji\u0159\u00ed Weigl, 30. 10. 2025<\/a><\/p>\n

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1. Bylo to \u0159e\u010deno ji\u017e mnohokr\u00e1t, ale je pot\u0159eba opakovat \u2013 28. \u0159\u00edjen je n\u00e1\u0161…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3109,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6],"tags":[1503,1056,9205,830],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/91115"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=91115"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/91115\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3109"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=91115"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=91115"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=91115"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}