{"id":90862,"date":"2025-10-29T00:17:03","date_gmt":"2025-10-28T23:17:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=90862"},"modified":"2025-10-28T10:23:14","modified_gmt":"2025-10-28T09:23:14","slug":"trumpova-administrativa-zavede-od-prosince-na-vsech-vstupnich-hranicich-do-usa-system-digitalniho-skenovani-obliceje-ktery-je-povazovan-za-nejinvazivnejsi-sveho-druhu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/10\/29\/trumpova-administrativa-zavede-od-prosince-na-vsech-vstupnich-hranicich-do-usa-system-digitalniho-skenovani-obliceje-ktery-je-povazovan-za-nejinvazivnejsi-sveho-druhu\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201eTrumpova administrativa zavede od prosince na v\u0161ech vstupn\u00edch hranic\u00edch do USA syst\u00e9m digit\u00e1ln\u00edho skenov\u00e1n\u00ed obli\u010deje, kter\u00fd je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za nejinvazivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sv\u00e9ho druhu\u201c"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Syst\u00e9m, navr\u017een\u00fd pro skenov\u00e1n\u00ed\/sledov\u00e1n\u00ed zahrani\u010dn\u00edch n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edk\u016f na leti\u0161t\u00edch a dal\u0161\u00edch vstupn\u00edch bodech, m\u00e1 p\u0159iznanou m\u00edru chyb 3 % a zachyt\u00ed tv\u00e1\u0159e milion\u016f americk\u00fdch ob\u010dan\u016f, ani\u017e by o tom v\u016fbec v\u011bd\u011bli.<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ministerstvo vnit\u0159n\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti (DHS) zve\u0159ejnilo minul\u00fd t\u00fdden ve Feder\u00e1ln\u00edm rejst\u0159\u00edku sv\u00e9 kone\u010dn\u00e9 pravidlo, kter\u00e9 roz\u0161i\u0159uje pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed biometrick\u00fdch \u00fadaj\u016f na hranic\u00edch st\u00e1tu. Vl\u00e1da t\u00edm formalizovala to, co se vyv\u00edj\u00ed ji\u017e l\u00e9ta: komplexn\u00ed biometrick\u00fd sledovac\u00ed syst\u00e9m pro fotografov\u00e1n\u00ed a monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9ho cizince vstupuj\u00edc\u00edho do Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f nebo je opou\u0161t\u011bj\u00edc\u00edho. A uzn\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee do t\u00e9to s\u00edt\u011b se dostane mnoho ob\u010dan\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kdyby Joe Biden zavedl takov\u00fd orwellovsk\u00fd syst\u00e9m, konzervativci by byli pobou\u0159eni. Za sou\u010dasn\u00e9 situace se zprava neoz\u00fdvaj\u00ed ani p\u00edpnut\u00ed, ani zap\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Opat\u0159en\u00ed nab\u00fdv\u00e1 \u00fa\u010dinnosti 26. prosince a podle webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nek Biometric Update oprav\u0148uje Celn\u00ed a hrani\u010dn\u00ed ochranu (CBP) fotografovat \u201ev\u0161echny cizince\u201c na v\u0161ech vstupn\u00edch a v\u00fdstupn\u00edch m\u00edstech, jako\u017e i \u201ena jak\u00e9mkoli jin\u00e9m v\u00fdstupn\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00ed\u017ee je uveden \u00faryvek z\u00a0<\/span>\u010dl\u00e1nku<\/span><\/a>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

CBP a Ministerstvo vnit\u0159n\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti to naz\u00fdvaj\u00ed \u201eopera\u010dn\u00ed modernizac\u00ed\u201c. Skupiny pro ob\u010dansk\u00e9 svobody to ozna\u010duj\u00ed za komplexn\u00ed roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed vl\u00e1dn\u00edho dohledu. Bez ohledu na n\u00e1zev se jedn\u00e1 o dokon\u010den\u00ed dlouho odkl\u00e1dan\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu \u201ebiometrick\u00e9ho vstupu\/v\u00fdstupu\u201c, kter\u00fd Kongres poprv\u00e9 na\u0159\u00eddil v roce 1996 a opakovan\u011b po n\u011bm po\u017eadoval po 11. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nov\u00e9 pravidlo ru\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edchoz\u00ed omezen\u00ed pro piloty a v\u011bkov\u00e9 v\u00fdjimky a otev\u00edr\u00e1 cestu pro celost\u00e1tn\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165 kontroln\u00edch stanovi\u0161\u0165 pro rozpozn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed obli\u010deje na ka\u017ed\u00e9m hrani\u010dn\u00edm p\u0159echodu, kter\u00fd agentura kontroluje.<\/span><\/p>\n

Biometrick\u00e9 operace CBP byly doposud jen nejednotn\u00e9. Na leti\u0161t\u00edch program agentury \u201eZjednodu\u0161en\u00fd p\u0159\u00edjezd\u201c ji\u017e fotografuje t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ka\u017ed\u00e9ho zahrani\u010dn\u00edho cestuj\u00edc\u00edho p\u0159i vstupu a porovn\u00e1v\u00e1 \u017eiv\u00fd obraz s datab\u00e1zemi pas\u016f a v\u00edz.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ale v\u00fdchody byly jin\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh. Pozemn\u00ed i n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed v\u00fdchody byly z velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti nemonitorovan\u00e9 a skenov\u00e1n\u00ed obli\u010deje p\u0159i odletu existovalo jen na hrstce leti\u0161\u0165. Nov\u00e9 na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed tuto fragmentaci ukon\u010duje a oprav\u0148uje CBP fotografovat v\u0161echny cizince p\u0159i opou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed zem\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

Odstran\u011bn\u00edm star\u00fdch omezen\u00ed, jako je limit 15 leti\u0161\u0165 a v\u011bkov\u00e1 v\u00fdjimka pro osoby mlad\u0161\u00ed 14 let a star\u0161\u00ed 79 let, nov\u00e9 pravidlo odstra\u0148uje posledn\u00ed form\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eky komplexn\u00ed kontroly. Ministerstvo vnit\u0159n\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti (DHS) uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed pos\u00edl\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost hranic, sn\u00ed\u017e\u00ed po\u010det p\u0159ekro\u010den\u00ed povolen\u00e9 d\u00e9lky pobytu a uzav\u0159e \u201einforma\u010dn\u00ed mezery\u201c v identifikaci osob, kter\u00e9 vstoup\u00ed do zem\u011b a v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pot\u0159eby neopust\u00ed \u00fazem\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ve sv\u00fdch ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00edch ministerstvo vnit\u0159n\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti (DHS) zd\u016fraznilo efektivitu a uvedlo, \u017ee \u201efotografov\u00e1n\u00ed cestuj\u00edc\u00edch p\u0159i vstupu a v\u00fdstupu umo\u017e\u0148uje hrani\u010dn\u00ed a hrani\u010dn\u00ed kontrole (CBP) ov\u011b\u0159it toto\u017enost b\u011bhem n\u011bkolika sekund, omezit podvody s doklady a zefektivnit kontroly\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ka\u017ed\u00fd sn\u00edmek po\u0159\u00edzen\u00fd v r\u00e1mci nov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu se odes\u00edl\u00e1 do slu\u017eby CBP Traveler Verification Service (TVS), co\u017e je rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 cloudov\u00e1 architektura pro rozpozn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed obli\u010dej\u016f, kter\u00e1 porovn\u00e1v\u00e1 \u017eiv\u00e9 fotografie s vl\u00e1dn\u00edmi datab\u00e1zemi. Pokud syst\u00e9m ov\u011b\u0159\u00ed toto\u017enost cestuj\u00edc\u00edho, p\u0159enese v\u00fdsledek na obrazovku \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edka CBP a ulo\u017e\u00ed sn\u00edmek a porovn\u00e1vac\u00ed data.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pro cizince mohou b\u00fdt tyto sn\u00edmky uchov\u00e1v\u00e1ny a\u017e sedmdes\u00e1t p\u011bt let v centr\u00e1ln\u00edm biometrick\u00e9m \u00falo\u017ei\u0161ti DHS, automatizovan\u00e9m biometrick\u00e9m identifika\u010dn\u00edm syst\u00e9mu (IDENT).<\/span><\/p>\n

Nov\u00e9 pravidlo stanov\u00ed, \u017ee DHS \u201em\u016f\u017ee po\u017eadovat, aby byl cizinec p\u0159i opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f vyfotografov\u00e1n za \u00fa\u010delem ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed jeho toto\u017enosti nebo pro jin\u00e9 z\u00e1konn\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely.\u201c Toto zn\u011bn\u00ed d\u00e1v\u00e1 vl\u00e1d\u011b mimo\u0159\u00e1dnou pravomoc p\u0159i rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed o tom, kde a jak budou fotografie po\u0159izov\u00e1ny.<\/span><\/p>\n

V praxi budou kamery zachycovat tv\u00e1\u0159e v\u0161ude, kde m\u00e1 CBP opera\u010dn\u00ed zastoupen\u00ed: u p\u0159ep\u00e1\u017eek pasov\u00e9 kontroly, n\u00e1stupn\u00edch bran, j\u00edzdn\u00edch pruh\u016f, p\u0159echod\u016f pro chodce, termin\u00e1l\u016f v\u00fdletn\u00edch lod\u00ed a dokonce i mal\u00fdch soukrom\u00fdch dok\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00da\u0159edn\u00edci uznali, \u017ee \u201en\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed cestuj\u00edc\u00ed opou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed zemi z m\u00edst, kter\u00e1 nejsou ur\u010dena jako v\u00fdstupn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstavy\u201c, jako jsou soukrom\u00e1 leti\u0161t\u011b a p\u0159\u00edstavy. Na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed se nyn\u00ed vztahuje i na tato m\u00edsta.<\/span><\/p>\n

Podle CBP je z\u00e1m\u011brem uzav\u0159\u00edt mezery v legislativ\u011b, kter\u00e9 by mohli zneu\u017e\u00edvat cestuj\u00edc\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed by jinak mohli odlet\u011bt bez kontroly, ale kone\u010dn\u00fdm v\u00fdsledkem je dostate\u010dn\u011b \u0161irok\u00e1 pravomoc, kter\u00e1 by roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ila biometrick\u00e9 kontroly na t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 jak\u00e9koli mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed m\u00edsto odletu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Na leti\u0161t\u00edch bude implementace pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b podobn\u00e1 t\u00e9, kter\u00e1 ji\u017e existuje v programu Simplified Arrival (Zjednodu\u0161en\u00fd p\u0159\u00edlet). Kamery instalovan\u00e9 u n\u00e1stupn\u00edch bran automaticky fotografuj\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9ho cestuj\u00edc\u00edho, kter\u00fd se bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed k n\u00e1stupn\u00edmu prostoru. Obraz je p\u0159enesen do ov\u011b\u0159ovac\u00ed slu\u017eby CBP, porovn\u00e1n s \u00fadaji z pasu nebo v\u00edza a cestuj\u00edc\u00ed je povolen k n\u00e1stupu do letadla, pokud se obli\u010dej a doklady shoduj\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed se vztahuje na \u201ecizince\u201c, ale kamery v re\u00e1ln\u00e9m \u010dase nerozli\u0161uj\u00ed mezi ob\u010dany a cizinci. Na leti\u0161t\u00edch a pozemn\u00edch hranic\u00edch sd\u00edlen\u00e9 kamery \u010dasto fotografuj\u00ed v\u0161echny, kte\u0159\u00ed proch\u00e1zej\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b ob\u010dan\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

CBP trv\u00e1 na tom, \u017ee \u00fa\u010dast ob\u010dan\u016f je dobrovoln\u00e1 a \u017ee jej\u00ed syst\u00e9my sma\u017eou fotografie ob\u010dan\u016f do 12 hodin po potvrzen\u00ed ob\u010danstv\u00ed. \u00da\u0159ad uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee na ka\u017ed\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b um\u00edstil cedule s informacemi pro ob\u010dany, \u017ee se mohou odhl\u00e1sit a m\u00edsto toho p\u0159edlo\u017eit sv\u00e9 pasy k ru\u010dn\u00edmu ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zpr\u00e1va \u00da\u0159adu pro odpov\u011bdnost vl\u00e1dy (GAO) z roku 2022 dosp\u011bla k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee ozn\u00e1men\u00ed o ochran\u011b osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f CBP na leti\u0161t\u00edch byla nekonzistentn\u00ed a \u017ee si dodavatel\u00e9 leteck\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed \u010dasto nebyli jisti, jak postupovat p\u0159i odhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed z registrace. Vlastn\u00ed metriky CBP ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee odhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed z registrace je extr\u00e9mn\u011b vz\u00e1cn\u00e9: p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 0,28 procenta cestuj\u00edc\u00edch odl\u00e9taj\u00edc\u00edch letecky, 0,13 procenta cestuj\u00edc\u00edch p\u0159\u00edletuj\u00edc\u00edch letecky a 0,21 procenta chodc\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pokud syst\u00e9m nespr\u00e1vn\u011b identifikuje ob\u010dana jako cizince \u2013 nebo nenajde odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed pasovou fotografii \u2013 m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt obr\u00e1zek uchov\u00e1n d\u00e9le ne\u017e 12 hodin. CBP ve sv\u00fdch vlastn\u00edch testech hl\u00e1sila m\u00edru fale\u0161n\u00fdch neshod a\u017e 3 procenta, co\u017e odpov\u00edd\u00e1 tis\u00edc\u016fm chybn\u011b klasifikovan\u00fdch sn\u00edmk\u016f denn\u011b p\u0159i pln\u00e9 celost\u00e1tn\u00ed kapacit\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

Skupiny pro ob\u010dansk\u00e9 svobody tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee i do\u010dasn\u00e9 zadr\u017een\u00ed podkop\u00e1v\u00e1 slib dobrovolnosti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Leo Hohmann<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Zdroj<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Syst\u00e9m, navr\u017een\u00fd pro skenov\u00e1n\u00ed\/sledov\u00e1n\u00ed zahrani\u010dn\u00edch n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edk\u016f na leti\u0161t\u00edch a dal\u0161\u00edch vstupn\u00edch bodech, m\u00e1 p\u0159iznanou m\u00edru…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":90863,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[144,5107,780,37],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90862"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=90862"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90862\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/90863"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=90862"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=90862"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=90862"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}