{"id":90815,"date":"2025-10-28T00:22:54","date_gmt":"2025-10-27T23:22:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=90815"},"modified":"2025-10-27T13:52:15","modified_gmt":"2025-10-27T12:52:15","slug":"mizerie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/10\/28\/mizerie\/","title":{"rendered":"Miz\u00e9rie"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<p>Existuj\u00ed\u00a0<u><a href=\"https:\/\/casopisargument.cz\/66483\">\u010dty\u0159i druhy moci<\/a><\/u>: moc exekutivn\u00ed (arm\u00e1da, policie, soudn\u00ed syst\u00e9m), moc ekonomick\u00e1, moc byrokratick\u00e1 a\u00a0moc ideologick\u00e1. V\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu dok\u00e1\u017ee v\u0161echny \u010dty\u0159i druhy moci vykon\u00e1vat pouze velmi mal\u00e1 vl\u00e1dnouc\u00ed elita definovan\u00e1 jako ti, co disponuj\u00ed t\u0159emi druhy kapit\u00e1lu \u2013 jde o\u00a0kapit\u00e1l ekonomick\u00fd, soci\u00e1ln\u00ed a\u00a0kulturn\u00ed. V\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky je tato vl\u00e1dnouc\u00ed elita velmi mal\u00e1 skupina \u010d\u00edtaj\u00edc\u00ed sotva p\u00e1r tis\u00edc lid\u00ed. Ne v\u0161echny druhy kapit\u00e1lu si jsou rovnocenn\u00e9. V\u00a0kapitalistick\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu je toti\u017e tou ur\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed silou moc ekonomick\u00e1. Za pen\u00edze se daj\u00ed na m\u00edru u\u0161\u00edt z\u00e1kony skrz lobbing, za pen\u00edze je mo\u017en\u00e9 najmout si ty nejlep\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00edky, za pen\u00edze je mo\u017en\u00e9 si koupit vlastn\u00ed m\u00e9dium.<\/p>\n<p>Pochybova\u010di snad ne\u010detli \u00falohu majetku v Dumasov\u011b\u00a0rom\u00e1nu Hrab\u011b Monte Christo?<\/p>\n<p>Proto\u017ee ot\u011b\u017ee skute\u010dn\u00e9 moci dr\u017e\u00ed oligarchov\u00e9, lze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee svoboda jejich kon\u00e1n\u00ed je z\u00e1visl\u00e1 na vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9m srozum\u011bn\u00ed. M\u00edra jejich svobody je d\u00e1na velikost\u00ed ekonomick\u00e9 a\u00a0politick\u00e9 moci \u2013 \u010d\u00edm jsou mocn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, t\u00edm mohou syst\u00e9m v\u00edce ovliv\u0148ovat.\u00a0<u><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ceskenoviny.cz\/zpravy\/2360470\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Podle<\/a><\/u>\u00a0\u010dasopisu\u00a0<i>The Economist<\/i>\u00a0v\u00a0m\u00ed\u0159e klientelistick\u00e9ho kapitalismu, kde kapit\u00e1l vznik\u00e1 d\u00edky neform\u00e1ln\u00edm kontakt\u016fm a\u00a0napojen\u00ed soukrom\u00e9ho sektoru na st\u00e1t, tak dobr\u00fdm p\u0159edstavitelem t\u00e9to \u201eelity\u201c byl nap\u0159\u00edklad b\u00fdval\u00fd n\u00e1m\u011bstek Ministerstva spravedlnosti Radom\u00edr Da\u0148hel. Gymnazi\u00e1ln\u00ed spolu\u017e\u00e1k \u0161ed\u00e9 eminence ODS Pavla Bla\u017eka byl\u00a0<u><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kverulant.org\/cases\/zkorumpovany-namestek-ministra-spravedlnosti-radomir-danhel\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">nap\u0159\u00edklad<\/a><\/u>\u00a0obvin\u011bn v\u00a0minulosti ze skryt\u00e9ho vlastnictv\u00ed des\u00edtek nemovitost\u00ed, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b z\u00a0kr\u00e1cen\u00ed dan\u00ed a\u00a0nelze opominout ani jeho\u00a0<u><a href=\"https:\/\/www.seznamzpravy.cz\/clanek\/domaci-kauzy-blazkuv-namestek-konci-spojeny-je-nejen-s-bitcoinovou-kauzou-278210\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">roli<\/a><\/u>\u00a0v\u00a0kauze bitcoin. A samoz\u0159ejm\u011b rozruch, kdy\u017e se jeden z\u00a0nich, oligarcha Andrej Babi\u0161 rozhodl ovliv\u0148ovat politiku ve\u0159ejn\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>To dostate\u010dn\u011b vysv\u011btluje zarputil\u00fd antibabi\u0161ismus a pota\u017emo tak\u00e9 proud pen\u011bz do slu\u017eebn\u00fdch m\u00e9di\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>U\u017e od starov\u011bku existuje a st\u00e1le se \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed my\u0161lenka, \u017ee j\u00e1drem pudla soci\u00e1ln\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f je existence finan\u010dn\u00edho trhu, kter\u00fd z\u00a0ob\u011b\u017eiva (pen\u011bz) vytvo\u0159il \u017e\u00e1danou komoditu. Obvykle se jako prvn\u00ed banka uv\u00e1d\u00ed nizozemsk\u00e1 \u00a0Amsterdamsche Wisselbank.<\/p>\n<p>A funk\u010dn\u00ed instituce na komer\u010dn\u00edm z\u00e1klad\u011b pos\u00edlily v\u00edru ve v\u00fdhody zlat\u00e9ho telete.<\/p>\n<p>S\u00e1m princip bankovnictv\u00ed je o tis\u00edce let star\u0161\u00ed a to, co na bankovnictv\u00ed vlastn\u011b vad\u00ed, je ta komerce, kter\u00e1 d\u00e1v\u00e1 velk\u00fdm instituc\u00edm toho typu politickou moc. V\u017edy\u0165 posu\u010fte:<\/p>\n<p>U probl\u00e9mu s\u00a0bydlen\u00edm se nehovo\u0159\u00ed o jeho dostupnosti, ale o dostupnosti hypot\u00e9k!<\/p>\n<p>A ta je d\u00e1na komer\u010dn\u00edmi principy popt\u00e1vky a nab\u00eddky, t\u00e9 kter\u00e9 banky. Finan\u010dn\u00ed trh vznik\u00e1 na z\u00e1klad\u011b st\u0159etu popt\u00e1vky a nab\u00eddky, kde je popt\u00e1vkou investov\u00e1n\u00ed a nab\u00eddkou spo\u0159en\u00ed. Jin\u00fdmi slovy popt\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edmi jsou ti, kte\u0159\u00ed popt\u00e1vaj\u00ed pen\u00edze a nab\u00edzej\u00edc\u00edmi jsou ti, kte\u0159\u00ed pen\u00edze p\u016fj\u010duj\u00ed, tedy nab\u00edz\u00ed. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b jsou na finan\u010dn\u00edm trhu p\u0159ebytkov\u00fdmi subjekty\u00a0v\u011b\u0159itel\u00e9, tedy ti, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed dostatek voln\u00fdch pen\u011b\u017en\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f za \u00fa\u010delem poskytnut\u00ed jich n\u011bkomu dal\u0161\u00edmu. Nedostatkov\u00fdm subjektem jsou naopak\u00a0dlu\u017en\u00edci, kte\u0159\u00ed pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed od v\u011b\u0159itel\u016f do\u010dasn\u00e9 voln\u00e9 pen\u011b\u017en\u00ed prost\u0159edky. Mezi v\u011b\u0159itele a dlu\u017en\u00edky pat\u0159\u00ed hlavn\u011b dom\u00e1cnosti a firmy, d\u00e1le tak\u00e9 st\u00e1t. Jeho \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edkem je v\u011bt\u0161ina velk\u00fdch finan\u010dn\u00edch \u00fastav\u016f, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad banky, poji\u0161\u0165ovny, z\u00e1lo\u017eny, penzijn\u00ed fondy, investi\u010dn\u00ed fondy, kampeli\u010dky, leasingov\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, \u010di makl\u00e9\u0159i. \u010cesk\u00fd filosof Ladislav Hejd\u00e1nek, kter\u00fd pracoval na ob\u010dansk\u00e9 interpretaci\u00a0evangelia uv\u00e1d\u00ed:<\/p>\n<p><i>A tady off topic mal\u00e1 vsuvka. Nejsem v\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00ed, ale nemohu pop\u0159\u00edt, \u017ee Evropsk\u00e9 sm\u00fd\u0161len\u00ed je ovlivn\u011bno antikou\u00a0<\/i><i><b>a k\u0159es\u0165anstv\u00edm<\/b><\/i><i>. Pokud uv\u00e1d\u00edm cit\u00e1ty z\u00a0Nov\u00e9ho Z\u00e1konu, d\u016fsledn\u011b odstra\u0148uji odkazy na evangelia, kde se dan\u00fd text vyskytuje. D\u011bl\u00e1m to proto, \u017ee cit\u00e1ty nemaj\u00ed v\u00a0m\u00e9m \u010dl\u00e1nku n\u00e1bo\u017eenskou funkci a odkazy zbyte\u010dn\u011b naru\u0161uj\u00ed \u010ditelnost.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>V Bibli, u Malachi\u00e1\u0161e \u010dteme:\u00a0<em>\u201eHospodin p\u0159ijde s pomstou proti t\u011bm, kte\u0159\u00ed\u017e s \u00fatiskem zadr\u017euj\u00ed mzdu d\u011bln\u00edka a kte\u0159\u00ed \u010din\u00ed k\u0159ivdu vdov\u011b a sirotku a p\u0159\u00edchoz\u00edmu.\u05c5\u201c\u00a0<\/em>A tak jestli\u017ee Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161 vyh\u00e1n\u00ed kup\u010d\u00edky a pen\u011bzom\u011bnce z chr\u00e1mu, je to nepochybn\u011b jenom prvn\u00ed etapa likvidace ve\u0161ker\u00e9ho kup\u010den\u00ed a pen\u011bzom\u011bnstv\u00ed i mimo chr\u00e1m. Pokud chceme textu rozum\u011bt, mus\u00edme vz\u00edt potaz na dobov\u00fd kontext. Pokud \u010dtete v\u00a0Bibli n\u011bjakou zm\u00ednku o kupc\u00edch, je pozoruhodn\u00e9, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 v\u017edy o ciz\u00ed etnika. Nap\u0159\u00edklad se vede \u0159e\u010d o kupc\u00edch Madiansk\u00fdch, Sidonsk\u00fdch, T\u00fdrsk\u00fdch, z\u00e1mo\u0159sk\u00fdch, Sabejsk\u00fdch atd.<\/p>\n<p><i>Je to zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed, speci\u00e1ln\u011b pro n\u00e1s, co jsme je\u0161t\u011b kupovali \u201eu \u017dida.\u201c \u017de by se to nau\u010dili a\u017e v\u00a0exilu?<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161 tenkr\u00e1t odm\u00edtl postavit se v \u010delo odboje proti c\u00edsa\u0159i a proti \u0158\u00edmu; v jeho odpov\u011bdi vid\u00edme tak\u00e9 skryt\u00fd osten proti t\u011bm, kte\u0159\u00ed se cht\u011bli bou\u0159it, ale u\u017e\u00edvali \u0159\u00edmsk\u00fdch pen\u011bz. Na tomto pozad\u00ed ov\u0161em je vylou\u010dena domn\u011bnka, \u017ee Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161 vyhnal pen\u011bzom\u011bnce, proto\u017ee c\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00e9 pen\u00edze s obrazem c\u00edsa\u0159ov\u00fdm by poskvr\u0148ovaly chr\u00e1m i tak, kdy\u017e jde pouze o n\u00e1dvo\u0159\u00ed pohan\u016f. Takov\u00e9 pojet\u00ed se naprosto p\u0159\u00ed\u010d\u00ed cel\u00e9 linii Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161ova poselstv\u00ed a posl\u00e1n\u00ed. \u0160lo o to, \u017ee instituce m\u011bn\u011bn\u00ed \u0159\u00edmsk\u00fdch pen\u011bz za pen\u00edze chr\u00e1mov\u00e9 byla nesena obrovsk\u00fdm pokrytectv\u00edm. V\u017edy\u0165 v\u00edme, co podle Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e poskvr\u0148uje \u010dlov\u011bka a \u017ee v\u0161echno zl\u00e9 poch\u00e1z\u00ed ze srdce. \u00datok je veden z\u0159ejm\u011b ne tak proti samotn\u00fdm kupc\u016fm a pen\u011bzom\u011bnc\u016fm, n\u00fdbr\u017e p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm proti neup\u0159\u00edmnosti a pokrytectv\u00ed farizejsk\u00e9mu. U Izai\u00e1\u0161e \u010dteme slova, kter\u00fdmi za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed mnoh\u00e9 k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 p\u00edsn\u011b:<\/p>\n<p><i>Ej, v\u0161ichni \u017e\u00edzniv\u00ed, poj\u010fte k vod\u00e1m, i vy, kte\u0159\u00ed\u017e nem\u00e1te \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fdch pen\u011bz. Poj\u010fte, kupujte a jezte, poj\u010fte, prav\u00edm, kupujte bez pen\u011bz a bez placen\u00ed v\u00edno a ml\u00e9ko.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Co na to Petr Pavel? Neobvinil by Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e z\u00a0komunismu?<\/p>\n<p>Je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee \u0161lo p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm o kup\u010den\u00ed, kdy\u017e Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161 vyh\u00e1n\u011bl prodava\u010de z n\u00e1dvo\u0159\u00ed chr\u00e1mov\u00e9ho; za\u010d\u00e1tkem likvidace kup\u010den\u00ed v\u016fbec je vyhn\u00e1n\u00ed kupc\u016f z chr\u00e1mu \u2013 ale pouze za\u010d\u00e1tkem. Vyhn\u00e1n\u00ed pen\u011bzom\u011bnc\u016f m\u00e1 za sebou je\u0161t\u011b jin\u00e9 pozad\u00ed. Kdy\u017e se Palestina dostala pod panstv\u00ed \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9, byly brzo zavedeny tak\u00e9 \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9 pen\u00edze s vyra\u017een\u00fdm obrazem c\u00edsa\u0159ov\u00fdm. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 pak bylo provedeno s\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed obyvatelstva a byly vym\u011b\u0159eny dan\u011b. To v\u0161echno budilo n\u00e1rodn\u00ed odpor v Izraeli; v Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161ovi vid\u011bli mnoz\u00ed tenkr\u00e1t vykupitele politick\u00e9ho. Jist\u00e9 se pamatujete, jak lid\u00e9 cht\u011bli u\u010dinit Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e kr\u00e1lem. Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161 v\u0161ak odm\u00edtal a\u017e do konce takov\u00e9 politick\u00e9 ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00e9ho posl\u00e1n\u00ed, a je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed Pil\u00e1tem dosv\u011bd\u010dil, \u017ee kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed jeho nen\u00ed z tohoto sv\u011bta.<\/p>\n<p>Proto se v\u0161ak stal ter\u010dem \u00fatok\u016f p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm ze strany farize\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161ovi ne\u0161lo o \u010distotu chr\u00e1mu, n\u00fdbr\u017e o \u010distotu \u010dlov\u011bka, a \u010dist\u00e9 srdce lidsk\u00e9. V\u00edme dob\u0159e, \u017ee Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161 Kristus p\u0159i\u0161el proto, aby spasil, co\u017e bylo zahynulo, tedy aby o\u010distil \u010dlov\u011bka; nep\u0159i\u0161el o\u010distit chr\u00e1m. Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161 s\u00e1m pom\u00edj\u00ed ve sv\u00fdch slovech budovu chr\u00e1movou, \u010dili \u017ee nazna\u010duje, \u017ee n\u00e1prava, s n\u00ed\u017e p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed, se net\u00fdk\u00e1 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm chr\u00e1mu postaven\u00e9ho rukou lidskou.\u00a0Dalo by se ve shod\u011b s\u00a0k\u0159es\u0165anskou v\u00edrou \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee cel\u00fd sv\u011bt je chr\u00e1mem Bo\u017e\u00edm, plat\u00ed v\u0161ak, \u017ee Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161 Kristus radikalizuje z\u00e1kon a prohlubuje p\u0159\u00edkazy Bo\u017e\u00ed. Kup\u010d\u00edky a pen\u011bzom\u011bnce vyh\u00e1n\u00ed z chr\u00e1mov\u00e9ho n\u00e1dvo\u0159\u00ed, aby je nakonec vyhnal ze v\u0161eho sv\u00e9ho lidu, z cel\u00e9ho sv\u011bta.<\/p>\n<p>Ale vra\u0165me se do XXI. stolet\u00ed, do sou\u010dasnosti.<\/p>\n<p>Jan Keller v\u00a0knize T\u0159i soci\u00e1ln\u00ed sv\u011bty upozor\u0148uje na vn\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed nejistoty do ekonomiky.\u00a0P\u0159echodem organizac\u00ed na s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9 uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed, kde centrum neodpov\u00edd\u00e1 za periferii, se nejistota st\u00e1v\u00e1 sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed ka\u017edodenn\u00edho \u017eivota. Jej\u00ed zcela \u00fa\u010delov\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed mocn\u00fdmi na \u00fakor zbytku spole\u010dnosti je vyd\u00e1v\u00e1no za v\u011bcn\u00fd, p\u0159irozen\u00fd a neodstraniteln\u00fd rys nov\u00e9 f\u00e1ze v\u00fdvoje modernity.\u00a0na\u00a0p\u0159echod ze sv\u011bta, jeho\u017e pravidla hry byla zn\u00e1m\u00e1, do sv\u011bta krajn\u011b nestabiln\u00edho a nep\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00e9ho, flexibiln\u00edho. Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed t\u011bchto proces\u016f je postu\u00adpuj\u00edc\u00ed prom\u011bna ve\u0161ker\u00e9 re\u00e1ln\u00e9 ekonomiky na pouh\u00fd p\u0159\u00edv\u011bsek st\u00e1le hazard\u00adn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch finan\u010dn\u00edch operac\u00ed. Podobn\u011b jako se ekonomika m\u011bn\u00ed v pouh\u00e9 od\u00adv\u011btv\u00ed finan\u010dnictv\u00ed, m\u00e1 se soci\u00e1ln\u00ed st\u00e1t z n\u00e1stroje na redukci soci\u00e1ln\u00edch rizik prom\u011bnit v n\u00e1stroj na maximalizaci soukrom\u00e9ho zisku. \u0160koly se zase maj\u00ed transformovat v uk\u00e1zn\u011bn\u00e9ho subdodavatele nahrubo opracovan\u00e9ho lid\u00adsk\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu pro pot\u0159eby soukrom\u00fdch firem.<\/p>\n<p>Pojem postindustri\u00e1ln\u00ed spole\u010dnost v t\u00e9to souvislosti sp\u00ed\u0161e jen pom\u00e1h\u00e1 zast\u00edrat skute\u010dnost, \u017ee dv\u011b skupiny kapit\u00e1lu si vym\u011bnily m\u00edsto: kapit\u00e1l pr\u016f\u00admyslov\u00fd byl ve funkci tahouna ekonomiky nahrazen kapit\u00e1lem finan\u010dn\u00edm. Do\u0161lo k tomu ov\u0161em v dob\u011b, kdy hlavn\u00edm poskytovatelem slu\u017eeb byl sp\u00ed\u0161e\u00a0sektor ve\u0159ejn\u00fd ne\u017e soukrom\u00fd. Stup\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed se \u00fatoky na soci\u00e1ln\u00ed st\u00e1t d\u00e1vaj\u00ed v\u011bd\u011bt, \u017ee finan\u010dn\u00ed kapit\u00e1l se s touto situac\u00ed nehodl\u00e1 sm\u00ed\u0159it. A proto jako blesk z\u00a0nebes,\u00a0<b>za pandemie covidu<\/b>, sv\u011bt zjistil, \u017ee bez \u010c\u00edny, bez \u201etov\u00e1rny sv\u011bta\u201c nem\u016f\u017ee plnohodnotn\u011b fungovat.<\/p>\n<p>Je\u0161t\u011b \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd st\u00e1t v\u00a0lidsk\u00fdch d\u011bjin\u00e1ch nem\u011bl tak rychl\u00fd ekonomick\u00fd r\u016fst a\u00a0tak promy\u0161lenou soci\u00e1ln\u00ed politiku,\u00a0<u><a href=\"https:\/\/casopisargument.cz\/66551\">p\u00ed\u0161e Oskar Krej\u010d\u00ed<\/a><\/u>. Ot\u00e1zkou je, zda se m\u00e1 tento ekonomicko-soci\u00e1ln\u00ed r\u016fst \u010c\u00edny, kter\u00fd doprov\u00e1z\u00ed r\u016fst moci tohoto st\u00e1tu, pokl\u00e1dat za nebezpe\u010d\u00ed, nebo zda je nad\u011bj\u00ed pro lidstvo. Nejistota a\u00a0strach z\u00a0nezn\u00e1m\u00e9ho jsou p\u0159i\u00a0hled\u00e1n\u00ed odpov\u011bdi na tuto ot\u00e1zku p\u0159irozen\u00e9. Jist\u00e9 ov\u0161em je, \u017ee obrovsk\u00fd tlak \u010c\u00edny na zm\u011bnu glob\u00e1ln\u00edho uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed od hegemonie k\u00a0multipolarismu nevyr\u016fst\u00e1 ze zl\u00e9 v\u016fle, ale z\u00a0prost\u00e9ho faktu, \u017ee se st\u00e1ty vyv\u00edjej\u00ed nerovnom\u011brn\u011b. V\u00a0t\u00e9to situaci p\u0159\u00edvr\u017eenci z\u00e1padn\u00edho liber\u00e1ln\u011b-konzervativn\u00edho ideov\u00e9ho konsensu ale znaj\u00ed odpov\u011b\u010f p\u0159edem: nedok\u00e1\u017eou se vymanit z\u00a0uva\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0kategori\u00edch konfliktu, p\u0159esn\u011bji ze studenov\u00e1le\u010dnick\u00e9ho uva\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed o\u00a0mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch vztaz\u00edch jako hry s\u00a0nulov\u00fdm sou\u010dtem: \u00fasp\u011bch \u010c\u00edny je jimi vn\u00edm\u00e1n jako prohra Z\u00e1padu. Proto\u00a0<u><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nato.int\/nato_static_fl2014\/assets\/pdf\/2022\/6\/pdf\/290622-strategic-concept.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i>Strategick\u00fd koncept<\/i><\/a><\/u>\u00a0p\u0159ijat\u00fd na summitu NATO v\u00a0roce 2022 uv\u00e1d\u00ed,<\/p>\n<p><b>\u017ee \u010c\u00edna \u201eohro\u017euje na\u0161e z\u00e1jmy, bezpe\u010dnost a\u00a0hodnoty.\u201c<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Zkus\u00edme-li toto tvrzen\u00ed testovat fakty, mus\u00edme se vyrovnat s\u00a0n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm. Pracovi\u0161t\u011b na univerzit\u011b ve \u0161v\u00e9dsk\u00e9 Uppsale, kter\u00e9 sb\u00edr\u00e1\u00a0<u><a href=\"https:\/\/cdn.cloud.prio.org\/files\/31b69202-0728-4852-94e9-a08bdf662fe9\/Rustad%20-%20Conflict%20Trends%201946-2024%20-%20PRIO%20Paper.pdf?inline=true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">data o\u00a0konfliktech ve sv\u011bt\u011b<\/a><\/u>, a\u00a0Institut pro v\u00fdzkum m\u00edru v\u00a0Oslo uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed, \u017ee loni prob\u011bhlo ve sv\u011bt\u011b 61 ozbrojen\u00fdch konflikt\u016f s\u00a0\u00fa\u010dast\u00ed st\u00e1tu \u2013 nejv\u00edce od roku 1946. V\u00a0t\u00e9to situaci \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e1 ekonomick\u00e1 i\u00a0politick\u00e1 moc rostou,<\/p>\n<p>ale zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politika Pekingu se\u00a0nezm\u011bnila.<\/p>\n<p><b>\u010c\u00edna je jedin\u00fdm st\u00e1l\u00fdm \u010dlenem Rady bezpe\u010dnosti, kter\u00fd p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b \u010dty\u0159i dek\u00e1dy nev\u00e1l\u010dil.<\/b>\u00a0Masarykova \u010dasto citovan\u00e1 v\u011bta, \u017ee \u201edemokracie je diskuse,\u201c je vytr\u017een\u00e1 z kontextu \u201e(ale) prav\u00e1 diskuse je mo\u017en\u00e1 jen tam, kde si lid\u00e9 navz\u00e1jem d\u016fv\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed\u2026, m\u00e1 to b\u00fdt hovor mezi rovn\u00fdmi, \u2026 p\u0159ed celou ve\u0159ejnost\u00ed.\u201c Prakticky stejn\u00e9 principy plat\u00ed i pro mezist\u00e1tn\u00ed vztahy. Nejhor\u0161\u00ed co m\u016f\u017eete ud\u011blat, je \u0159\u00eddit se latinsk\u00fdm r\u010den\u00edm \u201eSi vis pacem, para bellum.\u201c<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Budou v\u00e1s l\u00e1mat tvrzen\u00edm, \u017ee nen\u00ed pravda, \u017ee odzbrojen\u00ed vede k\u00a0m\u00edru a budou tvrdit, \u017ee slabost provokuje potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed agresory.<\/li>\n<li><b>\u017de stabiln\u00edho m\u00edru lze dos\u00e1hnout pouze prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm s\u00edly.<\/b><\/li>\n<li>\u017d\u00e1dn\u00e9 mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed smlouvy neboli \u201epap\u00edrov\u00e9 z\u00e1ruky\u201c m\u00edr ani bezpe\u010dnost nezaru\u010duj\u00ed, nepodporuje-li je va\u0161e dostate\u010dn\u00e1 ozbrojen\u00e1 s\u00edla \u010di s\u00edla va\u0161ich spojenc\u016f. Nep\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 v\u00e1m to ukrajinsk\u00e9 argumenty?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>M\u00edsto rovn\u00e9ho vztahu, m\u00edsto spolupr\u00e1ce, m\u00edsto budov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bry \u2013 zbrojen\u00ed? Kostarick\u00e1 republika je p\u0159\u00edkladem, \u017ee to jde jinak. Jedin\u00e1\u00a0ob\u010dansk\u00e1 v\u00e1lka\u00a0prob\u011bhla roku\u00a01948. Trvala pouh\u00e9 dva m\u011bs\u00edce a jej\u00edm d\u016fsledkem bylo rozpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed arm\u00e1dy, n\u00e1sledovan\u00e9 zm\u011bnou \u00fastavy, kter\u00e1 roku\u00a01949\u00a0zak\u00e1zala st\u00e1tu vytvo\u0159it arm\u00e1du.\u00a0<b>Tato situace, kdy st\u00e1t nem\u00e1 st\u00e1lou arm\u00e1du, trv\u00e1 dodnes.<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>St\u00e1le se diskutuje o institutu obecn\u00e9ho referenda, kter\u00e9 by nebylo omezeno \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fdm t\u00e9matem.<\/b>\u00a0Kdy\u017e jsme si mediokraci\u00ed zmrvili ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 prostory? Kdy\u017e tyto prostory m\u00edsto n\u00e1zorotvorn\u00e9 funkce papou\u0161kuj\u00ed lok\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1jmy oligarch\u016f? Kdy\u017e ve ve\u0159ejnosti vl\u00e1dne ned\u016fv\u011bra k politice, instituc\u00edm i m\u00e9di\u00edm,\u00a0\u00a0<b>tak\u017ee prav\u00e1 diskuse u\u017e nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e1?<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Milan Kundera n\u011bkde \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee hloupost se s r\u016fstem v\u011bd\u011bn\u00ed nezmen\u0161uje, naopak st\u00e1v\u00e1 se nebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. N\u011bco podobn\u00e9ho plat\u00ed i o vztahu mezi informacemi a n\u00e1zory ve spole\u010dnosti informa\u010dn\u00ed hojnosti \u2013 n\u00e1zory ud\u011blan\u00e9 z nefiltrovan\u00fdch informac\u00ed jsou je\u0161t\u011b hloup\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a nebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e n\u00e1zory m\u00e1lo informovan\u00e9. Umberto Eco prorocky vid\u011bl nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ohro\u017een\u00ed demokracie ve zk\u00e1ze filtr\u016f, kter\u00e9 v minulosti t\u0159\u00eddily a sm\u011brovaly toky informac\u00ed ve ve\u0159ejn\u00e9m prostoru, proto\u017ee nefiltrovan\u00e1 z\u00e1plava informac\u00ed nevede k tvorb\u011b lep\u0161\u00edch n\u00e1zor\u016f, ale naopak ni\u010d\u00ed n\u00e1zorotvornou funkci ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 komunikace.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/vlkovobloguje.wordpress.com\/2025\/10\/27\/mizerie\/\"><em><strong>napsal Leo\u00a0 K.<\/strong><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Existuj\u00ed\u00a0\u010dty\u0159i druhy moci: moc exekutivn\u00ed (arm\u00e1da, policie, soudn\u00ed syst\u00e9m), moc ekonomick\u00e1, moc byrokratick\u00e1 a\u00a0moc ideologick\u00e1&#8230;.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":90816,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6],"tags":[1503,35,122],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90815"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=90815"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90815\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":90817,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90815\/revisions\/90817"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/90816"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=90815"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=90815"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=90815"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}