{"id":90595,"date":"2025-10-25T04:30:12","date_gmt":"2025-10-25T02:30:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=90595"},"modified":"2025-10-25T04:30:12","modified_gmt":"2025-10-25T02:30:12","slug":"namorni-drony-nova-realita-nova-rizika","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/10\/25\/namorni-drony-nova-realita-nova-rizika\/","title":{"rendered":"N\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed drony: nov\u00e1 realita, nov\u00e1 rizika"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Po leteck\u00fdch dronech se do boje nyn\u00ed dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed i n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed drony. Bezpilotn\u00ed syst\u00e9my ve v\u00fdzbroji n\u00e1mo\u0159nictva se neomezuj\u00ed pouze na mal\u00e9 bezpilotn\u00ed \u00fato\u010dn\u00e9 \u010dluny. Pro mise n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed p\u011bchoty budou nasazeny pr\u016fzkumn\u00e9, \u00fato\u010dn\u00e9, transportn\u00ed a bezpilotn\u00ed drony typu minolovka.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Vojensk\u00fd sektor proch\u00e1z\u00ed v roce 2025 rychlou transformac\u00ed. Drony se ji\u017e staly symbolem modern\u00edch ozbrojen\u00fdch konflikt\u016f a nyn\u00ed aktivn\u011b zkoumaj\u00ed n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed prostor. N\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed drony p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed novou technologickou realitu, schopnou zm\u011bnit rovnov\u00e1hu sil na vod\u011b a ovlivnit bezpe\u010dnost n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edch tras a ekonomick\u00fdch projekt\u016f po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. Odborn\u00edci jsou p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010deni, \u017ee se tento sektor bude v p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch p\u011bti letech rozv\u00edjet zrychlen\u00fdm tempem.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Dnes se v\u00fdvojem a v\u00fdrobou dron\u016f zab\u00fdv\u00e1 t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ka\u017ed\u00e1 zem\u011b. Turecko, kter\u00e9 doned\u00e1vna nebylo v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm v\u00fdrobcem letadel, se stalo sv\u011btov\u00fdm l\u00eddrem ve v\u00fdrob\u011b dron\u016f Bayraktar. Podobn\u00e1 je situace i na mo\u0159i. Ukrajina, a\u010dkoli nen\u00ed tradi\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed velmoc\u00ed, ji\u017e vyr\u00e1b\u00ed n\u011bkolik typ\u016f n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edch dron\u016f, kter\u00e9 se aktivn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v re\u00e1ln\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch. Evropa, Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty, \u010c\u00edna, Japonsko a ob\u011b Koreje vyv\u00edjej\u00ed v t\u00e9to oblasti vlastn\u00ed projekty a Rusko se sv\u00fdm siln\u00fdm v\u011bdeck\u00fdm a in\u017een\u00fdrsk\u00fdm potenci\u00e1lem v\u00fdrazn\u011b zrychlilo v\u00fdvoj n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edch dron\u016f a pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b se stane jedn\u00edm z l\u00eddr\u016f na trhu.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00fdvojov\u00fd program bezpilotn\u00edch \u010dlun\u016f (UBB) byl zah\u00e1jen v roce 2010 britskou slu\u017ebou Special Boat Service (SBS), kter\u00e1 se specializuje na n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed sabot\u00e1\u017en\u00ed operace. Je pozoruhodn\u00e9, \u017ee se nepustili cestou vytvo\u0159en\u00ed zcela nov\u00fdch bezpilotn\u00edch letoun\u016f, ale upravili st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed civiln\u00ed drony pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 pro hydrografick\u00fd v\u00fdzkum pro sv\u00e9 pot\u0159eby.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Tento v\u00fdzkum byl proveden i na Ukrajin\u011b, v N\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edm centru speci\u00e1ln\u00edch operac\u00ed ukrajinsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1mo\u0159nictva, kter\u00e9 bylo v roce 2019 p\u0159em\u011bn\u011bno na v\u00fdcvikovou z\u00e1kladnu a testovac\u00ed polygon. Je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed zah\u00e1jen\u00edm speci\u00e1ln\u00ed vojensk\u00e9 operace se zde testovaly mo\u017enosti vyu\u017eit\u00ed BEC k sabot\u00e1\u017e\u00edm proti lod\u00edm a infrastruktu\u0159e \u010cernomo\u0159sk\u00e9 flotily, stejn\u011b jako proti rusk\u00fdm civiln\u00edm plavidl\u016fm a p\u0159\u00edstavn\u00edm za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm. V r\u00e1mci tohoto programu Velk\u00e1 Brit\u00e1nie p\u0159edala Ukrajin\u011b n\u011bkolik bezpilotn\u00edch podvodn\u00edch dron\u016f k \u00faprav\u011b pro sabot\u00e1\u017en\u00ed mise. Velk\u00e1 Brit\u00e1nie tak\u00e9 pom\u00e1h\u00e1 Ukrajin\u011b s v\u00fdvojem n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edch dron\u016f. Pat\u0159\u00ed mezi n\u011b zbran\u011b jako Snapper a Wasp.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Rusk\u00e9 zpo\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed ve v\u00fdrob\u011b \u00fato\u010dn\u00fdch dron\u016f lze vysv\u011btlit pom\u011brn\u011b jednodu\u0161e: Ukrajina nem\u00e1 n\u00e1mo\u0159nictvo, proti kter\u00e9mu by mohly b\u00fdt pou\u017eity. Z\u00edskan\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti v\u0161ak byly vyhodnoceny a byly vyvozeny p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 z\u00e1v\u011bry. Rusk\u00fd vojensko-pr\u016fmyslov\u00fd komplex ji\u017e prov\u00e1d\u00ed s\u00e9riovou v\u00fdrobu n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edch dron\u016f. V \u010dervenci 2025 bylo v Petrohradu otev\u0159eno Jednotn\u00e9 centrum pro v\u00fdrobu n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edch dron\u016f.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Evropa ji\u017e vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed syst\u00e9m sledov\u00e1n\u00ed Baltsk\u00e9ho mo\u0159e zalo\u017een\u00fd na s\u00edti plovouc\u00edch, pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010dsk\u00fdch a podvodn\u00edch dron\u016f. Ukrajina pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 tato za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed jako \u00fadernou s\u00edlu. Takov\u00e9 technologie umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed nejen pr\u016fzkum a ni\u010den\u00ed nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00fdch lod\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 efektivn\u00ed odminov\u00e1n\u00ed, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se roz\u0161i\u0159uje jejich oblast p\u016fsobnosti.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

V lednu 2025 NATO nasadilo program Vigilance Activity Baltic Sentinel s c\u00edlem zlep\u0161it situa\u010dn\u00ed pov\u011bdom\u00ed a omezit nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9 akce, jeho\u017e d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm aspektem je rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed bezpilotn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

A v \u010dervnu 2025 provedlo Velitelstv\u00ed sil NATO s\u00e9rii test\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b testov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 40 n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edch bezpilotn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f vyroben\u00fdch ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech, Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nii, Francii a N\u011bmecku. Tyto testy prob\u00edhaly v Baltsk\u00e9m mo\u0159i, kter\u00e9 Z\u00e1pad pova\u017euje za nejpravd\u011bpodobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed opera\u010dn\u00ed prostor.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech a Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nii prob\u00edhaj\u00ed pr\u00e1ce na hromadn\u00e9 v\u00fdrob\u011b modul\u00e1rn\u00edch dron\u016f typu stealth, p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b s vyu\u017eit\u00edm polymerov\u00fdch d\u00edl\u016f vyroben\u00fdch na 3D tisk\u00e1rn\u00e1ch. A v t\u00e9to oblasti nehraj\u00ed rostouc\u00ed roli giganti obrann\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu, ale startupy jako Anduril Industries, subdodavatel Pentagonu.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0159edn\u00ed zem\u011b NATO vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed skute\u010dnou flotilu masov\u011b vyr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00fdch, levn\u00fdch sabot\u00e1\u017en\u00edch dron\u016f schopn\u00fdch paralyzovat nep\u0159\u00e1telskou n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed komunikaci, v\u010detn\u011b telekomunikac\u00ed a energetiky.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Modern\u00ed konflikty vy\u017eaduj\u00ed rychl\u00e9 p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00ed se nov\u00fdm podm\u00ednk\u00e1m. Velk\u00e9 lod\u011b z\u016fstanou d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, ale pr\u00e1v\u011b bezpilotn\u00ed flotila otev\u00edr\u00e1 obrovsk\u00e9 perspektivy v n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed oblasti. N\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed drony ji\u017e prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed pr\u016fzkum, kladen\u00ed min a bojuj\u00ed proti hladinov\u00fdm i podvodn\u00edm c\u00edl\u016fm.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Rozsah t\u011bchto plavidel se v\u0161ak neomezuje pouze na vojensk\u00e9 mise. Bezpilotn\u00ed plavidla se st\u00e1vaj\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm n\u00e1strojem pro v\u011bdeck\u00fd v\u00fdzkum, monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed mo\u0159sk\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed a hydrografick\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce. Jejich v\u00fdhody jsou z\u0159ejm\u00e9: absence hrozby pro pos\u00e1dku a kompaktn\u00ed rozm\u011bry jim umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u011bt operace tam, kde je pou\u017eit\u00ed tradi\u010dn\u00edch plavidel nemo\u017en\u00e9 nebo nevhodn\u00e9.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00fdvoj n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edch dron\u016f v\u0161ak p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed nejen technologick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti, ale i v\u00e1\u017en\u00e1 rizika. Tato za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed se ji\u017e st\u00e1vaj\u00ed faktorem, kter\u00fd p\u0159\u00edmo ovliv\u0148uje bezpe\u010dnost obchodn\u00edch cest a energetick\u00fdch projekt\u016f na kontinent\u00e1ln\u00edm \u0161elfu. Ve skute\u010dnosti jsou n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed drony zbran\u011b dvoj\u00edho u\u017eit\u00ed. Mohou b\u00fdt pou\u017eity jak k obrann\u00fdm, tak k \u00fato\u010dn\u00fdm \u00fa\u010del\u016fm.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

V dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b export n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edch dron\u016f v mnoha zem\u00edch, v\u010detn\u011b Ruska, roste, co\u017e vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed rizika. Bez jasn\u00e9 mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed kontroly by se tyto technologie mohly dostat do rukou zl\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f, soukrom\u00fdch vojensk\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed nebo dokonce zlo\u010dineck\u00fdch skupin.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Pokud k tomu dojde, n\u00e1sledky by mohly b\u00fdt katastrof\u00e1ln\u00ed: ohro\u017eeny by byly obchodn\u00ed cesty, p\u0159\u00edstavy, podvodn\u00ed komunika\u010dn\u00ed kabely a energetick\u00e1 infrastruktura. Proto se nyn\u00ed nastoluje ot\u00e1zka v\u00fdvoje mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch standard\u016f a dohod upravuj\u00edc\u00edch v\u00fdrobu, v\u00fdvoz a pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edch dron\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed drony jsou symbolem pokroku i zdrojem nov\u00fdch v\u00fdzev. Sv\u011bt vstupuje do \u00e9ry, kdy se ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed technologi\u00ed st\u00e1v\u00e1 nem\u00e9n\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm ne\u017e ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fazem\u00ed.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c9ra n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edch dron\u016f za\u010dala a sv\u011bt je st\u00e1le teprve na \u00fasvitu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Alexandre Lemoine<\/span><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Po leteck\u00fdch dronech se do boje nyn\u00ed dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed i n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed drony. Bezpilotn\u00ed syst\u00e9my ve v\u00fdzbroji…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":90596,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,2856,1144,2242],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90595"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=90595"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90595\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/90596"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=90595"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=90595"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=90595"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}