{"id":90575,"date":"2025-10-25T03:56:58","date_gmt":"2025-10-25T01:56:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=90575"},"modified":"2025-10-25T03:56:58","modified_gmt":"2025-10-25T01:56:58","slug":"aukus-znovu-nabity-trumpova-miliardova-snaha-promenit-australii-v-americky-indicko-pacificky-arzenal-proti-cine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/10\/25\/aukus-znovu-nabity-trumpova-miliardova-snaha-promenit-australii-v-americky-indicko-pacificky-arzenal-proti-cine\/","title":{"rendered":"AUKUS znovu nabit\u00fd: Trumpova miliardov\u00e1 snaha prom\u011bnit Austr\u00e1lii v americk\u00fd indicko-pacifick\u00fd arzen\u00e1l proti \u010c\u00edn\u011b"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Dohoda o ponork\u00e1ch mezi USA a Austr\u00e1li\u00ed je nyn\u00ed doprov\u00e1zena ofenz\u00edvou na dod\u00e1vky vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch zemin zam\u011b\u0159enou na Peking. Jde o militarizaci zdroj\u016f a p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed Tich\u00e9ho oce\u00e1nu ke konfrontaci.<\/strong><\/p>\n

V ru\u0161n\u00e9m indicko-pacifick\u00e9m regionu, kde prob\u00edh\u00e1 p\u0159es 60 procent glob\u00e1ln\u00edch n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edch obchodn\u00edch tok\u016f, USA, Velk\u00e1 Brit\u00e1nie a Austr\u00e1lie prohlubuj\u00ed svou strategickou spolupr\u00e1ci. Tento t\u00fdden, b\u011bhem n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvy B\u00edl\u00e9ho domu australsk\u00e9ho premi\u00e9ra Anthonyho Albanese, prezident Donald Trump\u00a0<\/span>schv\u00e1lil<\/span><\/a>\u00a0dal\u0161\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>f\u00e1zi<\/span><\/a>\u00a0dohody AUKUS a znovu potvrdil n\u00e1kup nejm\u00e9n\u011b t\u0159\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>jadern\u00fdch ponorek t\u0159\u00eddy Virginia<\/span><\/a>\u00a0spole\u010dnost\u00ed Canberra , p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e dod\u00e1vky se o\u010dek\u00e1vaj\u00ed na\u00a0<\/span>za\u010d\u00e1tku 30. let 21. stolet\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tento krok \u00fazce souvis\u00ed s dohodou o t\u011b\u017eb\u011b vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch zemin v\u00a0<\/span>hodnot\u011b 8,5 miliardy dolar\u016f<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, kter\u00e1 je nyn\u00ed projedn\u00e1v\u00e1na a kter\u00e1 sm\u011b\u0159uje miliardy do australsk\u00e9ho t\u011b\u017eebn\u00edho a zpracovatelsk\u00e9ho sektoru. C\u00edlem iniciativy je sn\u00ed\u017eit z\u00e1vislost Z\u00e1padu na \u010c\u00edn\u011b, kter\u00e1 v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b rafinuje asi 90 procent sv\u011btov\u00fdch vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch zemin. V podstat\u011b se oba r\u00e1mce t\u00fdkaj\u00ed Pekingu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mluv\u010d\u00ed \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9ho ministerstva zahrani\u010d\u00ed Kuo \u0164ia-kun vyj\u00e1d\u0159il\u00a0<\/span>obavy<\/span><\/a>\u00a0(nad v\u00fdvojem situace na AUKUS) a uvedl, \u017ee by tyto kroky mohly zv\u00fd\u0161it region\u00e1ln\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed, zv\u00fd\u0161it riziko \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed a p\u0159isp\u011bt k z\u00e1vod\u016fm ve zbrojen\u00ed.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Takov\u00e9 kroky vyost\u0159uj\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed a m\u011bn\u00ed ekonomick\u00e9 vazby ve strategick\u00e9 konflikty. \u010clov\u011bk si m\u016f\u017ee vzpomenout, \u017ee AUKUS,\u00a0<\/span>zrozen\u00fd v roce 2021<\/span><\/a>\u00a0za Bidenovy administrativy, byl prod\u00e1n jako z\u00e1\u0161tita \u201esvobodn\u00e9ho a otev\u0159en\u00e9ho Indo-Pacifiku\u201c. Pil\u00ed\u0159 1 sliboval Austr\u00e1lii jadern\u00e9 ponorky pro hl\u00eddkov\u00e1n\u00ed rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdch oce\u00e1nsk\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edkop\u016f, zat\u00edmco\u00a0<\/span>Pil\u00ed\u0159 2<\/span><\/a>\u00a0usiloval o spole\u010dn\u00e9 technologick\u00e9 podniky v oblasti um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence, kybernetiky a hypersoniky. Pakt dosud p\u0159e\u017eil p\u0159ezkum Pentagonu za Trumpa, kter\u00fd kdysi vrhal st\u00edn na jeho budoucnost.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trump, kter\u00fd je v\u017edycky hlavn\u00edm smluvn\u00edm partnerem, to nyn\u00ed nazval \u201e\u00a0<\/span>plnou parou vp\u0159ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u201c a propojil ponorky s australskou infuz\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>1,6 miliardy dolar\u016f<\/span><\/a>\u00a0do americk\u00fdch lod\u011bnic \u2013 pen\u00edze na zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed v\u00fdroby z chab\u00fdch\u00a0<\/span>1,2 lod\u00ed ro\u010dn\u011b na 2,3 pot\u0159ebn\u00e9<\/span><\/a>\u00a0pro americk\u00e9\u00a0<\/span>pot\u0159eby<\/span><\/a>\u00a0plus z\u00e1vazky AUKUS. Vedouc\u00ed p\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 americk\u00e9ho n\u00e1mo\u0159nictva v\u0161ak\u00a0<\/span>p\u0159ipou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, \u017ee stavba lod\u00ed pot\u0159ebuje \u201estoprocentn\u00ed zlep\u0161en\u00ed\u201c, aby mohla ponorky do Austr\u00e1lie dodat, jinak by dohoda mohla zkolabovat.<\/span><\/p>\n

Olej do ohn\u011b p\u0159il\u00e9v\u00e1 i aspekt vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch zemin. Austr\u00e1lie se py\u0161n\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>5,7 miliony<\/span><\/a>\u00a0metrick\u00fdch tun z\u00e1sob \u2013 \u010dtvrt\u00fdmi nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edmi z\u00e1sobami na sv\u011bt\u011b \u2013 a p\u0159esto\u00a0<\/span>v\u011bt\u0161inu surov\u00e9 rudy<\/span><\/a>\u00a0dod\u00e1v\u00e1 k rafinaci do \u010c\u00edny.<\/span><\/p>\n

K t\u00e9to dohod\u011b vedla ned\u00e1vn\u00e1 pekingsk\u00e1 omezen\u00ed v\u00fdvozu galia a dal\u0161\u00edch prvk\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou \u017eivotn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pro rakety a radary. USA a Austr\u00e1lie se zav\u00e1zaly poskytnout p\u0159edem\u00a0<\/span>po miliard\u011b dolar\u016f<\/span><\/a>\u00a0a usilovaly o projekt v\u00a0<\/span>hodnot\u011b 53 miliard dolar\u016f<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, kter\u00fd zahrnuje d\u016fl na neodym a praseodym\u00a0<\/span>spole\u010dnosti Arafura Rare Earths<\/span><\/a>\u00a0v Severn\u00edm teritoriu a\u00a0<\/span>z\u00e1vod na v\u00fdrobu galia spole\u010dnosti Alcoa<\/span><\/a>\u00a0v Z\u00e1padn\u00ed Austr\u00e1lii. Trump\u00a0<\/span>se chlubil, \u017ee<\/span><\/a>\u00a0to zaplav\u00ed trhy takovou nab\u00eddkou, \u017ee \u201enebudete v\u011bd\u011bt, co s nimi\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nen\u00ed divu, \u017ee m\u00e1 Peking obavy: tyto miner\u00e1ly poh\u00e1n\u011bj\u00ed v\u0161echno od bateri\u00ed elektromobil\u016f a\u017e po rakety Tomahawk a AUKUS je nyn\u00ed v\u00fdslovn\u011b spojuje s konstrukc\u00ed ponorek, \u010d\u00edm\u017e prom\u011b\u0148uje ekonomickou diverzifikaci ve\u00a0<\/span>vojenskou<\/span><\/a>\u00a0s\u00edlu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Washingtonsk\u00fd postup se zat\u00edm jev\u00ed jako zn\u00e1m\u00fd: podn\u011bcov\u00e1n\u00ed spojenectv\u00ed a z\u00e1rove\u0148 po\u017eadov\u00e1n\u00ed \u201espravedliv\u00e9ho pod\u00edlu\u201c na platb\u00e1ch. Jak jsem ned\u00e1vno\u00a0<\/span>poznamenal<\/span><\/a>\u00a0v \u010dl\u00e1nku o mo\u017en\u00e9m \u201eoutsourcingu\u201c ze strany Quadu, USA nemohou z Asie jen tak odej\u00edt; z\u00e1kladny od Guamu po Diego Garciu ji v n\u00ed uzamykaj\u00ed (QUAD je bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed dialog mezi USA, Indi\u00ed, Japonskem a Austr\u00e1li\u00ed, jeho\u017e c\u00edlem je \u201e\u010delit\u201c \u010c\u00edn\u011b). Trump ka\u017edop\u00e1dn\u011b sni\u017euje p\u0159\u00edmou z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e a tla\u010d\u00ed Japonsko, Indii a Austr\u00e1lii k v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm bedr\u016fm, uprost\u0159ed sv\u00fdch v\u00fdlev\u016f o \u201edareb\u00e1ku\u201c spojenc\u016f \u2013 podobn\u011b jako v jeho argumentech o NATO.<\/span><\/p>\n

Atlantick\u00e1 supervelmoc by sice mohla do jist\u00e9 m\u00edry tla\u010dit \u010cty\u0159ku k sob\u011bsta\u010dnosti, podobn\u011b jako NATO; p\u0159esto se \u00fasil\u00ed o \u201eproti\u010d\u00ednsk\u00fd\u201c p\u0159\u00edstup projevuje prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm rozpo\u010dt\u016f a pakt\u016f. A\u0165 u\u017e je \u010cty\u0159ka, nebo ne, AUKUS je p\u0159esn\u011b t\u00edm p\u0159\u00edkladem: prodej americk\u00fdch raket a transfery technologi\u00ed pro ponorky naru\u0161uj\u00ed region\u00e1ln\u00ed stabilitu, jak jsem ji\u017e d\u0159\u00edve argumentoval. Pravdou je, \u017ee nikdo nem\u016f\u017ee ignorovat pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed zbran\u00ed, kter\u00e9 stra\u0161\u00ed Tichomo\u0159\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

V srpnu 2024 jsem\u00a0<\/span>varoval<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, \u017ee AUKUS d\u00e1le m\u011bn\u00ed Austr\u00e1lii v americkou z\u00e1kladnu, oslabuje jej\u00ed obchodn\u00ed vazby s \u010c\u00ednou a zatahuje ji hloub\u011bji do nov\u00e9 studen\u00e9 v\u00e1lky. Tehdy, za Bidena, dohoda ji\u017e riskovala ekonomick\u00fd \u00fader (australsk\u00fd export do \u010c\u00edny je zast\u00edn\u011bn exportem do USA), p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e Washington se pot\u00fdkal s konflikty na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nyn\u00ed, za Trumpa, se p\u0159\u00edstup m\u011bn\u00ed, ale p\u016fsob\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u011b pov\u011bdom\u011b: dohoda o ponork\u00e1ch pro\u0161la reviz\u00ed, ale p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed s podm\u00ednkami, jako je roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup USA k australsk\u00e9\u00a0<\/span>lod\u011bnici Henderson<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, kde modernizace v hodnot\u011b\u00a0<\/span>8 miliard dolar\u016f<\/span><\/a>\u00a0podpo\u0159\u00ed rotaci americk\u00fdch a britsk\u00fdch plavidel. Trump hovo\u0159\u00ed o \u201eAmerice na prvn\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b\u201c, zat\u00edmco probl\u00e9my s stavbou lod\u00ed outsourcuje t\u00edm, \u017ee nal\u00e9h\u00e1 na\u00a0<\/span>expanzi<\/span><\/a>\u00a0do Japonska nebo Ji\u017en\u00ed Koreje \u2013 co\u017e je v\u00fdzva, kterou zopakovali kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00ed ameri\u010dt\u00ed z\u00e1konod\u00e1rci.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nap\u011bt\u00ed v\u0161ak roste. \u010c\u00ednsk\u00e1 vojensk\u00e1 s\u00edla roste \u2013\u00a0nyn\u00ed m\u00e1 p\u0159es\u00a0<\/span>600 hlavic a\u00a0<\/span><\/a>do roku 2030\u00a0<\/a><\/span>se jich pl\u00e1nuje zv\u00fd\u0161it<\/span><\/a>\u00a0na 1 000 \u2013 zat\u00edmco AUKUS pl\u00e1nuje\u00a0do konce roku 2025\u00a0vybavit Austr\u00e1lii\u00a0v\u00edce ne\u017e 200 raketami Tomahawk a prov\u00e9st\u00a0<\/a>hypersonick\u00e9\u00a0<\/a>testy<\/a>\u00a0. Takov\u00e9 \u201eoutsourcing\u201c ka\u017edop\u00e1dn\u011b st\u00e1le p\u0159il\u00e9v\u00e1 olej do ohn\u011b: volatilita USA ohro\u017euje soudr\u017enost a odcizuje neutr\u00e1ln\u00ed zem\u011b ASEAN, kter\u00e9 si cen\u00ed neanga\u017eovanosti.<\/span><\/p>\n

V t\u00e9to souvislosti se jadern\u00fd st\u00edn<\/span><\/a>\u00a0indicko-pacifick\u00e9ho regionu\u00a0prodlu\u017euje. Transfery uranu z AUKUS do Austr\u00e1lie, kter\u00e1 nem\u00e1 jadern\u00e9 zbran\u011b, nebezpe\u010dn\u011b posouvaj\u00ed hranice Smlouvy o ne\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed (NPT) a mohou povzbudit dal\u0161\u00ed zem\u011b, jako je\u00a0<\/span>Japonsko<\/span><\/a>\u00a0. Jak jsem\u00a0<\/span>psal<\/span><\/a>\u00a0v srpnu tohoto roku o \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed raket, Trump znovu o\u017eivuje \u010cty\u0159stranku prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm zbrojn\u00edch dohod a pakt\u016f o um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligenci, ale jeho nep\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00e9 zm\u011bny, kter\u00e9 lze pozorovat v nepokoj\u00edch v Evrop\u011b, vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed nestabilitu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Stru\u010dn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, AUKUS pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b posiluje z\u00e1padn\u00ed aliance, ale riskuje eskalaci, proto\u017ee hypersonick\u00e9 rakety a jadern\u00e9 ponorky p\u0159i\u017eivuj\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed a obavy ohledn\u011b Smlouvy o ne\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed. Kritici zpochyb\u0148uj\u00ed vhodnost ponorek t\u0159\u00eddy Virginia pro pot\u0159eby Austr\u00e1lie a odkazuj\u00ed na zpo\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed v americk\u00fdch lod\u011bnic\u00edch a Trumpovu r\u00e9toriku \u201e\u010derno\u0161sk\u00e9ho pasa\u017e\u00e9ra\u201c. Krom\u011b toho m\u016f\u017ee z\u00e1vod o vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 zeminy zv\u00fd\u0161it n\u00e1klady a odcizit akt\u00e9ry ASEAN, zat\u00edmco se r\u00fdsuj\u00ed probl\u00e9my s jadern\u00fdm odpadem.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uriel Araujo, PhD.<\/a> v antropologii, je soci\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u011bdec specializuj\u00edc\u00ed se na etnick\u00e9 a n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 konflikty s rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdm v\u00fdzkumem geopolitick\u00e9 dynamiky a kulturn\u00edch interakc\u00ed<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dohoda o ponork\u00e1ch mezi USA a Austr\u00e1li\u00ed je nyn\u00ed doprov\u00e1zena ofenz\u00edvou na dod\u00e1vky vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch zemin…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":90576,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,996,1222,30],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90575"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=90575"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90575\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/90576"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=90575"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=90575"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=90575"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}