{"id":90091,"date":"2025-10-18T00:20:10","date_gmt":"2025-10-17T22:20:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=90091"},"modified":"2025-10-17T18:32:03","modified_gmt":"2025-10-17T16:32:03","slug":"fabricovani-souhlasu-prirucka-propagandy-a-moci-od-velkych-ag","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/10\/18\/fabricovani-souhlasu-prirucka-propagandy-a-moci-od-velkych-ag\/","title":{"rendered":"Fabricov\u00e1n\u00ed souhlasu: P\u0159\u00edru\u010dka propagandy a moci od velk\u00fdch AG"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n
\n
\n

Ideologick\u00e1 nadvl\u00e1da a produkce souhlasu<\/span><\/h3>\n

Antonio Gramsci vn\u00edmal propagandu jako \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed mechanismus modern\u00ed moci. Pro n\u011bj byla j\u00e1drem\u00a0<\/span>kulturn\u00ed hegemonie<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 t\u00e9 spole\u010densk\u00e9 dominance, v n\u00ed\u017e je sv\u011bton\u00e1zor vl\u00e1dnouc\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddy tak hluboce internalizov\u00e1n, \u017ee je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za samoz\u0159ejmost.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nadn\u00e1rodn\u00ed zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 korporace \u2013 zkr\u00e1cen\u011b\u00a0<\/span>Big Ag<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 si dok\u00e1zaly zajistit svou dominanci v glob\u00e1ln\u00edm potravinov\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu nejen prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm ekonomick\u00e9 a politick\u00e9 moci, ale tak\u00e9 ideologick\u00e9 kontroly. V t\u00e9to souvislosti se kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdmi anal\u00fdzami st\u00e1vaj\u00ed Gramsciho teorie kulturn\u00ed hegemonie, Bernays\u016fv koncept \u201e\u00a0<\/span>in\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed souhlasu<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u201c a Chomsk\u00e9ho a Herman\u016fv \u201e\u00a0<\/span>model propagandy<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Gramsci popsal, jak dominance vznik\u00e1 nejen n\u00e1tlakem, ale tak\u00e9 vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00edm\u00a0<\/span>soci\u00e1ln\u00edch narativ\u016f<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0. \u0160koly, m\u00e9dia a v\u011bda utv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed sv\u011bton\u00e1zor, kter\u00fd st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed mocensk\u00e9 vztahy prezentuje jako skute\u010dn\u00e9. Bernays \u0161el je\u0161t\u011b d\u00e1l: Modern\u00ed propaganda apeluje na iracion\u00e1ln\u00ed emoce a nev\u011bdom\u00e9 pot\u0159eby \u2013 aby vytvo\u0159ila souhlas s nespravedliv\u00fdmi strukturami. Chomsky a Herman toto my\u0161len\u00ed adaptovali na sv\u011bt m\u00e9di\u00ed: Souhlas se vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>selektivn\u00edm zpravodajstv\u00edm, pod\u0159\u00edzenost\u00ed odborn\u00edk\u016fm, korpor\u00e1tn\u00ed kontrolou informa\u010dn\u00edch kan\u00e1l\u016f a filtrov\u00e1n\u00edm kritick\u00fdch hlas\u016f<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Propagandistick\u00e1 s\u00ed\u0165 zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu<\/span><\/h3>\n

Jen m\u00e1lo odv\u011btv\u00ed zt\u011bles\u0148uje tyto mechanismy l\u00e9pe ne\u017e zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fd a agrotechnologick\u00fd pr\u016fmysl. Aby si velk\u00e9 zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 podniky zajistily svou hegemonii,\u00a0vytvo\u0159ily\u00a0<\/span>rozs\u00e1hlou PR s\u00ed\u0165 \u2013 v\u010detn\u011b agentur jako\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>Ketchum<\/span><\/em>\u00a0a\u00a0<\/span>FTI Consulting<\/span><\/em>\u00a0a kryc\u00edch organizac\u00ed, jako je\u00a0<\/span>Genetic Literacy Project<\/span><\/em>\u00a0,\u00a0<\/span>American Council on Science and Health<\/span><\/em>\u00a0,\u00a0<\/span>Cornell Alliance for Science<\/span><\/em>\u00a0a\u00a0<\/span>International Life Sciences Institute<\/span><\/em>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tito akt\u00e9\u0159i\u00a0<\/span>pronikaj\u00ed do m\u00e9di\u00ed, dominuj\u00ed v\u00fdsledk\u016fm vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0, ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed obsah a organizuj\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>zd\u00e1nliv\u011b iniciativy zdola<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0(\u201eastroturfing\u201c). C\u00edlem je vykreslit pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed jako jedinou alternativu \u2013 a ozna\u010dit ekologick\u00e9, lok\u00e1ln\u00ed nebo organick\u00e9 modely za zaostal\u00e9 nebo nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mezi pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 techniky pat\u0159\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>ghostwriting<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0,\u00a0<\/span>manipulace s vyhled\u00e1va\u010di<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0,\u00a0<\/span>\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed prefabrikovan\u00fdch argument\u016f prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm \u201enez\u00e1visl\u00fdch\u201c v\u011bdc\u016f<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0(zejm\u00e9na na univerzit\u00e1ch na Florid\u011b a v Saskatchewanu) a\u00a0<\/span>p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch debat<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0. Mnoho z t\u011bchto hlas\u016f v kone\u010dn\u00e9m d\u016fsledku zastupuje z\u00e1jmy spole\u010dnost\u00ed a nadac\u00ed zab\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch se \u017eivotem plodin, jako je\u00a0<\/span>Nadace Billa a Melindy Gatesov\u00fdch<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kontrola prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm zastra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed a pomluv<\/span><\/h3>\n

Podle Chomsk\u00e9ho modelu se pr\u016fmysl\u00a0<\/span>aktivn\u011b stav\u00ed proti disentu<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0. PR strategie se zam\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed na\u00a0diskreditaci kritik\u016f, jako jsou\u00a0<\/span>organizace US Right to Know<\/span><\/em>\u00a0a\u00a0<\/span>GMWatch , novin\u00e1\u0159\u016f a nez\u00e1visl\u00fdch v\u011bdc\u016f.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Nap\u0159\u00edklad v r\u00e1mci sv\u00e9ho programu\u00a0<\/span>\u201eLet Nothing Go\u201c (Nechme nic j\u00edt)<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0koordinovala spole\u010dnost Monsanto \u00fatoky na kritick\u00e9 koment\u00e1\u0159e na online f\u00f3rech. Prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm medi\u00e1ln\u00edch kontakt\u016f byly nepohodln\u00e9 hlasy dr\u017eeny mimo platformu nebo byla jejich reputace z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b ni\u010dena. Kritici skon\u010dili na \u201e\u00a0<\/span>seznamech nep\u0159\u00e1tel<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u201c a byli hanobeni jako \u201evrazi\u201c, \u201eantiv\u011bdci\u201c nebo \u201ebohat\u00ed ideologov\u00e9\u201c \u2013 sp\u00ed\u0161e ne\u017e jako legitimn\u00ed zast\u00e1nci ekologick\u00e9 a zdravotn\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tyto kampan\u011b posouvaj\u00ed hranice toho, co lze \u0159\u00edci, a vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed strach z ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 ostrakizace \u2013\u00a0<\/span>kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9ho n\u00e1stroje hegemonick\u00e9 kontroly<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Legenda o pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9m \u201ezachr\u00e1nci lidstva\u201c<\/span><\/h3>\n

Z\u00e1rove\u0148 se pr\u016fmysl prezentuje jako\u00a0<\/span>zachr\u00e1nce p\u0159ed hladem a chudobou<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0. Narativ: Pouze pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 monokultury, pesticidy a biotechnologie mohou nakrmit sv\u011bt. Tento narativ opakovan\u011b opakuj\u00ed vedouc\u00ed p\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 korporac\u00ed, jako je\u00a0<\/span>gener\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159editel spole\u010dnosti Syngenta Erik Fyrwald<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0, politick\u00e9 osobnosti jako\u00a0<\/span>Owen Paterson<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0a medi\u00e1ln\u011b zdatn\u00ed \u201ev\u011bde\u010dt\u00ed experti\u201c, jako je\u00a0<\/span>Patrick Moore<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0(nechvaln\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00fd sv\u00fdm glyfos\u00e1tov\u00fdm \u0161oumenstv\u00edm).<\/span><\/p>\n

Tato \u201e\u00a0<\/span>r\u00e9torika spasitele<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u201c nach\u00e1z\u00ed sv\u016fj nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed projev v\u00a0<\/span>\u201ezelen\u00e9 revoluci\u201c (ZR)<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 \u00fadajn\u00e9m d\u016fkazu, \u017ee technologie a chemie zachr\u00e1nily miliony \u017eivot\u016f. Podle v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk\u016f, jako je\u00a0<\/span>profesor Glenn Stone,<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0je v\u0161ak tento narativ m\u00fdtus: Nap\u0159\u00edklad v Indii ZR nahradila tradi\u010dn\u00ed plodiny bohat\u00e9 na \u017eiviny p\u0161enic\u00ed \u2013 ani\u017e by ve skute\u010dnosti zlep\u0161ila potravinovou bezpe\u010dnost.<\/span><\/p>\n

Indick\u00fd farm\u00e1\u0159 a kritik GR\u00a0<\/span>Bhaskar Save<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0dokonce popsal projekt jako\u00a0<\/span>ekologickou, agronomickou a lidskou katastrofu<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed v\u00fdnos\u016f je hrazeno ni\u010den\u00edm p\u016fdy, ztr\u00e1tou biodiverzity, dluhy a z\u00e1vislost\u00ed na korporac\u00edch.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00fdtus o \u201emodernizaci\u201c<\/span><\/h3>\n

Term\u00edn \u201e\u00a0<\/span>modernizace zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u201c je korporacemi z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b zkreslov\u00e1n, aby vykreslily sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed produkty \u2013\u00a0<\/span>genetick\u00e9 in\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed, pesticidy, cloudov\u00e9 zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 platformy, patentovan\u00e1 osiva<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 jako nepostradateln\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nap\u0159\u00edklad\u00a0<\/span>Bayer<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0popisuje tradi\u010dn\u00ed indick\u00e9 zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed jako \u201ezaostal\u00e9\u201c a toto r\u00e1mov\u00e1n\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k legitimizaci sv\u00e9 pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 dominance.\u00a0<\/span>Domorod\u00e9 znalosti, syst\u00e9my drobn\u00e9ho zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed a agroekologick\u00e9 alternativy<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0jsou ozna\u010dov\u00e1ny za p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eky pokroku.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pod rou\u0161kou humanit\u00e1rn\u00edho ducha se praktikuje forma\u00a0<\/span>emocion\u00e1ln\u00edho vyd\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0: ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo vyjad\u0159uje kritiku, je ozna\u010den za \u201eprotiv\u011bdeck\u00e9ho\u201c nebo \u201eprotichudobn\u00e9ho\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Politick\u00fd vliv a v\u011bdeck\u00e1 apropriace<\/span><\/h3>\n

Lobbistick\u00e9 rozpo\u010dty<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0v hodnot\u011b milion\u016f\u00a0zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup k osob\u00e1m s rozhodovac\u00ed pravomoc\u00ed, v\u011bdeck\u00fdm org\u00e1n\u016fm a regula\u010dn\u00edm org\u00e1n\u016fm.\u00a0<\/span>V\u011bda financovan\u00e1 pr\u016fmyslem<\/span><\/em>\u00a0a\u00a0<\/span>propagace na frontov\u00fdch skupin\u00e1ch<\/span><\/em>\u00a0zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed, \u017ee z\u00e1kony a normy\u00a0<\/span>zakotvuj\u00ed status quo v pr\u016fmyslu<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pr\u016fmysl se tak st\u00e1v\u00e1\u00a0<\/span>samo o sob\u011b regula\u010dn\u00ed autoritou<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 zat\u00edmco ekologick\u00e1 nebo biologick\u00e1 hnut\u00ed jsou hanobena jako \u201enerealistick\u00e1\u201c. V\u00fdsledkem je hermeticky uzav\u0159en\u00fd syst\u00e9m, v n\u011bm\u017e jsou\u00a0<\/span>konsensus, autorita a medi\u00e1ln\u00ed narativy<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0manipulov\u00e1ny do takov\u00e9 m\u00edry, \u017ee i kritici \u010dasto podv\u011bdom\u011b v\u011b\u0159\u00ed v \u201ep\u0159irozenost\u201c korpor\u00e1tn\u00ed vl\u00e1dy.<\/span><\/p>\n

Fas\u00e1da se rozpad\u00e1<\/span><\/h3>\n

Ale fas\u00e1da za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 praskat. Rostouc\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00e9 d\u016fkazy o\u00a0<\/span>\u0161kod\u00e1ch zp\u016fsoben\u00fdch pesticidy, vy\u010derp\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed p\u016fdy a zdravotn\u00edch rizic\u00edch<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0zpochyb\u0148uj\u00ed ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed narativ. Novin\u00e1\u0159i a nez\u00e1visl\u00ed v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci odhaluj\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165\u00a0<\/span>ghostwritingu, astroturfingu a pomlouva\u010dn\u00fdch kampan\u00ed<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Odhalen\u00ed tohoto\u00a0<\/span>propagandistick\u00e9ho komplexu<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm krokem k\u00a0<\/span>obnoven\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho narativu<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Z\u00e1rove\u0148 se do pop\u0159ed\u00ed dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>alternativn\u00ed modely<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0: lok\u00e1ln\u011b ukotven\u00e9, ekologick\u00e9 a soci\u00e1ln\u011b spravedliv\u00e9 zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed, kter\u00e9 nen\u00ed zalo\u017eeno na z\u00e1vislosti, chemik\u00e1li\u00edch a zisku, ale na\u00a0<\/span>odolnosti, rozmanitosti a skute\u010dn\u00e9 potravinov\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/span><\/h3>\n

Velk\u00e1 AG zdokonalila teorie Gramsciho, Bernayse a Chomsk\u00e9ho: kulturn\u00ed hegemonii, emo\u010dn\u00ed manipulaci a systematickou propagandu. Vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>souhlasu<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0m\u00e1 v\u0161ak sv\u00e9 limity \u2013 proto\u017ee\u00a0<\/span>realitu nelze donekone\u010dna cenzurovat<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nyn\u00ed se objevuje protich\u016fdn\u00e9 hnut\u00ed: v\u011bdci, farm\u00e1\u0159i a ob\u010dan\u00e9 vyvracej\u00ed narativ o \u201epr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 sp\u00e1se\u201c \u2013 a ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee\u00a0<\/span>skute\u010dn\u00e1 potravinov\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnost nepoch\u00e1z\u00ed z laborato\u0159e<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0, ale\u00a0<\/span>z p\u016fdy.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Od Colina Todhuntera<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\n

Zdroj<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ideologick\u00e1 nadvl\u00e1da a produkce souhlasu Antonio Gramsci vn\u00edmal propagandu jako \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed mechanismus modern\u00ed moci. Pro…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":17110,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[279,1051,276,104],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90091"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=90091"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90091\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/17110"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=90091"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=90091"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=90091"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}