{"id":89693,"date":"2025-10-12T00:13:05","date_gmt":"2025-10-11T22:13:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=89693"},"modified":"2025-10-11T09:57:39","modified_gmt":"2025-10-11T07:57:39","slug":"tomas-strnad-migrace-aneb-jak-jsme-to-zatim-nezvladli","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/10\/12\/tomas-strnad-migrace-aneb-jak-jsme-to-zatim-nezvladli\/","title":{"rendered":"Tom\u00e1\u0161 Strnad: Migrace, aneb jak jsme to zat\u00edm nezvl\u00e1dli"},"content":{"rendered":"
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V\u0161ichni si\u00a0pamatuj\u00ed na\u00a0proslul\u00e1 slova n\u011bmeck\u00e9 kancl\u00e9\u0159ky o\u00a0tom, jak migraci zvl\u00e1dneme. V\u00a0tu dobu se\u00a0uvolnila stavidla a\u00a0Evropu zavalila vlna migrant\u016f z\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdch kout\u016f sv\u011bta. Jak\u00e1 je\u00a0situace dnes? Co\u00a0vede migranty do\u00a0Evropy? Jak se\u00a0integruj\u00ed? Opravdu to\u00a0zvl\u00e1dneme, jak \u0159ekla Angela Merkel, nebo n\u00e1s naopak \u010dek\u00e1 chaos a\u00a0probl\u00e9my? Nebo vznik nov\u00fdch muslimsk\u00fdch chal\u00edf\u00e1t\u016f?<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

V roce 2015\u00a0dnes u\u017e notoricky zn\u00e1m\u00e1 slova Angely Markelov\u00e9 \u201eWir schafen das\u201c zafungovala jako pozv\u00e1n\u00ed do\u00a0Evropy. I\u00a0kdy\u017e\u00a0byla m\u00edn\u011bna jako snaha vy\u0159e\u0161it nakupen\u00ed velk\u00e9ho po\u010dtu migrant\u016f p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm ze\u00a0S\u00fdrie v\u00a0Ma\u010farsku, v\u011bt\u0161ina lid\u00ed ze\u00a0t\u0159et\u00edho sv\u011bta, kter\u00e1 cht\u011bla p\u0159ij\u00edt do\u00a0Evropy, to\u00a0pochopila jako otev\u0159en\u00ed hranic. A\u00a0skute\u010dn\u011b v\u00a0tomto roce vstoupilo na\u00a0\u00fazem\u00ed EU 1,8\u00a0milionu ileg\u00e1ln\u00edch migrant\u016f1<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

Vysok\u00e9 po\u010dty ileg\u00e1ln\u00edho p\u0159ekro\u010den\u00ed hranic do\u00a0EU se\u00a0udr\u017eely i\u00a0b\u011bhem n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch let. Mezi lety 2020\u00a0a\u00a02022\u00a0p\u0159ibylo ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b kolem 1,5\u00a0milionu ileg\u00e1ln\u00edch migrant\u016f2<\/sup>. A\u017e v\u00a0posledn\u00edm obdob\u00ed doch\u00e1z\u00ed k\u00a0ur\u010dit\u00e9mu poklesu. V\u00a0roce 2023\u00a0u\u017e jich bylo pouze 380\u00a0tis\u00edc3<\/sup>. Ale v\u00a0roce 2022\u00a0u\u017e bylo v\u00a0Evrop\u011b v\u00edce ne\u017e 5\u00a0mili\u00f3n\u016f uprchl\u00edk\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159ekro\u010dili hranice ileg\u00e1ln\u011b. V\u00a0minul\u00e9m roce ji\u017e hranice EU ileg\u00e1ln\u011b p\u0159ekro\u010dilo pouze 239\u00a0000\u00a0migrant\u016f4<\/sup>. I\u00a0p\u0159es strm\u00fd pokles se\u00a0v\u0161ak jedn\u00e1 o\u00a0vysok\u00e1 \u010d\u00edsla. Ta sice v\u00a0pom\u011bru s\u00a0po\u010dtem obyvatel EU, tedy t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 550\u00a0mili\u00f3n\u016fm obyvatel, neznamenaj\u00ed mnoho, p\u0159esto v\u0161ak nen\u00ed na\u00a0ileg\u00e1ln\u00edm p\u0159ekra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed hranic nic pozitivn\u00edho.<\/p>\n

B\u011bhem \u010dasu se\u00a0n\u00e1m tak\u00e9 zm\u011bnila struktura migrant\u016f. Angelou Merkelovou nep\u0159\u00edmo akceptovan\u00ed Sy\u0159an\u00e9 tvo\u0159\u00ed dnes men\u0161inu. V\u011bt\u0161inu migrant\u016f tvo\u0159\u00ed ob\u010dan\u00e9 Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1nu, P\u00e1kist\u00e1nu, Banglad\u00e9\u0161e, severn\u00ed a\u00a0rovn\u00edkov\u00e9 Afriky5<\/sup>. Velmi \u010dasto se\u00a0tak u\u017e nejedn\u00e1 o\u00a0uprchl\u00edky p\u0159ed\u00a0v\u00e1lkou \u010di pron\u00e1sledov\u00e1n\u00edm, ale o\u00a0migranty ekonomick\u00e9, hledaj\u00edc\u00ed \u0161anci pro\u00a0lep\u0161\u00ed \u017eivot.<\/p>\n

K\u00a0t\u011bmto \u010d\u00edsl\u016fm je\u00a0v\u0161ak bohu\u017eel nutn\u00e9 d\u00e1l p\u0159i\u010d\u00edtat. Migranti toti\u017e maj\u00ed n\u00e1rok na\u00a0slu\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed rodin, a\u00a0tak mohou po\u00a0ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed registraci po\u017e\u00e1dat o\u00a0p\u0159izv\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00fdch nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdch. Pokud migranti uzav\u0159ou s\u0148atek s\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edmi cizinci pob\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edmi mimo EU, maj\u00ed i\u00a0tito jejich nov\u00ed p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00ed n\u00e1rok na\u00a0pobyt na\u00a0\u00fazem\u00ed EU. Kone\u010dn\u00e9 po\u010dty se\u00a0n\u00e1m tak n\u00e1sob\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Statistiky o\u00a0sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed po\u010dtu uprchl\u00edk\u016f a\u00a0odchodu \u010d\u00e1sti z\u00a0nich z\u00a0EU je\u00a0bohu\u017eel rovn\u011b\u017e t\u0159eba br\u00e1t s\u00a0rezervou. Mnohdy se\u00a0probl\u00e9m vy\u0159e\u0161il t\u00edm, \u017ee\u00a0migranti dostali ob\u010danstv\u00ed. T\u00edm opticky klesl jejich po\u010det a\u00a0vl\u00e1dy se\u00a0mohly p\u0159ed\u00a0voli\u010di chlubit \u00fasp\u011bchy. Nav\u00edc mohly po\u010d\u00edtat s\u00a0hlasy t\u011bchto nov\u00fdch ob\u010dan\u016f. V\u00a0N\u011bmecku bylo nap\u0159\u00edklad loni ud\u011bleno ob\u010danstv\u00ed rekordn\u00edm t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 230\u00a0tis\u00edc\u016fm cizinc\u016f6<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

D\u016fvody migrace a\u00a0integrace<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Migranti si\u00a0c\u00edlov\u00e9 st\u00e1ty vyb\u00edraj\u00ed, hlavn\u00ed z\u00e1jem byl o\u00a0Skandin\u00e1vii a\u00a0N\u011bmecko. Do\u00a0N\u011bmecka p\u0159i\u0161lo 31\u00a0% v\u0161ech ileg\u00e1ln\u00edch migrant\u016f, sm\u011b\u0159uj\u00edc\u00edch do\u00a0EU. Do\u00a0\u010cR pouze 6\u00a0%7<\/sup>. P\u0159\u00ed\u010diny jsou r\u016fzn\u00e9. U\u00a0Francie jde \u010dasto o\u00a0uprchl\u00edky z\u00a0frankofonn\u00edch zem\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed ji\u017e francouzsky hovo\u0159\u00ed. \u010casto tu maj\u00ed tak\u00e9 sv\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9. To\u00a0plat\u00ed i\u00a0o N\u011bmecku nebo Rakousku.<\/p>\n

L\u00e1kadlem jsou tak\u00e9 \u0161t\u011bdr\u00e9 soci\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u00e1vky a\u00a0v\u00fdhody, kter\u00e9 mohou migranti v\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdch zem\u00edch z\u00edskat. Zpr\u00e1vy o\u00a0nich se\u00a0mezi nimi \u010dasto rozlet\u00ed rychlost\u00ed sv\u011btla. R\u016fzn\u00e9 skupinky migrant\u016f byly zadr\u017eeny v\u00a0Rumunsku. Kdy\u017e\u00a0od m\u00edstn\u00ed policie zjistili, kde jsou, rozplakali se. Pak v\u0161ak byli propu\u0161t\u011bni a\u00a0s\u00a0\u00fasm\u011bvem se\u00a0p\u0159es hory vydali d\u00e1l ke sv\u00e9mu vysn\u011bn\u00e9mu r\u00e1ji \u201eunter den Linden\u201c.<\/p>\n

D\u00e1nsko nap\u0159\u00edklad na\u00a0velk\u00fd a\u00a0ne\u010dekan\u00fd p\u0159\u00edliv migrant\u016f zareagovalo chytr\u00fdm \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00edm informac\u00ed, \u017ee\u00a0azylanti v\u00a0D\u00e1nsku nedostanou \u017e\u00e1dnou finan\u010dn\u00ed podporu. Pak dokonce vyhodnotilo n\u011bkter\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti S\u00fdrie za\u00a0bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 s\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee\u00a0nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9 Sy\u0159any p\u0159ij\u00edmat a\u00a0je mo\u017en\u00e9 je\u00a0vracet8<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

Ne v\u0161ichni migranti v\u0161ak p\u0159i\u0161li pouze vyu\u017e\u00edvat \u0161t\u011bdr\u00fd soci\u00e1ln\u00ed syst\u00e9m. Dle n\u011bmeck\u00fdch statistik ji\u017e loni v\u00a0N\u011bmecku cizinci tvo\u0159ili t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 15\u00a0% pracovn\u00ed s\u00edly, tedy 6,3\u00a0mili\u00f3nu obyvatel. Oproti tomu podporu v\u00a0nezam\u011bstnanosti \u010derp\u00e1 m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e mili\u00f3n cizinc\u016f9<\/sup>. V\u011bt\u0161ina pracuj\u00edc\u00edch poch\u00e1z\u00ed z\u00a0Turecka a\u00a0Polska. Naopak v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b migrant\u016f z\u00a0arabsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed a\u00a0Afriky je\u00a0integrace komplikovan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Isl\u00e1m, vlastn\u00ed tradice a\u00a0kmenov\u00e9 struktury<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Cizinci s\u00a0sebou v\u017edy p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed zvyky a\u00a0vazby sv\u00e9 domoviny. P\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00fd konzervativn\u00ed muslim se\u00a0t\u011b\u017eko zbav\u00ed sv\u00e9 v\u00edry. Kavkazan se\u00a0t\u011b\u017eko zbav\u00ed sv\u00fdch kmenov\u00fdch a\u00a0rodov\u00fdch pout. A\u00a0Afri\u010dan t\u011b\u017eko odlo\u017e\u00ed tradice a\u00a0zvyky, ke kter\u00fdm ho vychovali p\u0159edkov\u00e9. Je\u00a0jasn\u00e9 a\u00a0logick\u00e9, \u017ee\u00a0migranti z\u00a0kulturn\u011b a\u00a0jazykov\u011b bl\u00edzk\u00fdch oblast\u00ed se\u00a0integruj\u00ed a\u00a0uplatn\u00ed na\u00a0trhu pr\u00e1ce snadn\u011bji.<\/p>\n

Pracovn\u00edci z\u00a0Ukrajiny sem p\u0159ich\u00e1zeli ji\u017e d\u0159\u00edve a\u00a0v\u017edy tu cht\u011bli pracovat a\u00a0poskytnout sv\u00fdm d\u011btem dobr\u00e9 vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed. Stejn\u011b jako mnoho migrant\u016f z\u00a0Vietnamu, i\u00a0oni maj\u00ed za\u00a0c\u00edl usp\u011bt, naj\u00edt si\u00a0dobr\u00e9 postaven\u00ed a\u00a0zajistit hlavn\u011b kvalitn\u00ed budoucnost sv\u00fdm d\u011btem. Podle mluvy nov\u00e9 generace \u201ena\u0161ich Vietnamc\u016f\u201c ji\u017e nepozn\u00e1te, \u017ee\u00a0nejde o\u00a0p\u016fvodn\u00ed \u010cechy.<\/p>\n

Je logick\u00e9, \u017ee\u00a0prost\u00fd zem\u011bd\u011blec \u010di dokonce ko\u010dovn\u00edk ze\u00a0zaostal\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1nu m\u00e1 s\u00a0integrac\u00ed probl\u00e9my. Na\u00a0druh\u00e9 stran\u011b v\u0161ak nen\u00ed dobr\u00e9 kulturn\u00ed a\u00a0jazykov\u00e9 rozd\u00edly p\u0159ece\u0148ovat. V\u0161ichni cizinci dob\u0159e v\u00ed, \u017ee\u00a0v\u00a0zemi, kam p\u0159i\u0161li, plat\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00e9 z\u00e1kony, kter\u00e9 mus\u00ed dodr\u017eovat. Je\u00a0dobr\u00e9 jim je\u00a0pouze p\u0159ipomenout.<\/p>\n

V EU existuje mnoho r\u016fzn\u00fdch nevl\u00e1dn\u00edch organizac\u00ed, kter\u00e9 cizinc\u016fm s\u00a0integrac\u00ed pom\u00e1haj\u00ed. V\u00fdsledky jejich pr\u00e1ce jsou bohu\u017eel neslavn\u00e9. Jejich zd\u016fraz\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed slo\u017eit\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce s\u00a0uprchl\u00edky b\u00fdv\u00e1 \u010dasto vedeno snahou o\u00a0zd\u016fvodn\u011bn\u00ed sv\u00e9 d\u016fle\u017eitosti a\u00a0p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm n\u00e1klad\u016f. Mnohdy by\u00a0v\u0161ak sta\u010dilo jen jasn\u00e9 a\u00a0jednoduch\u00e9 vysv\u011btlen\u00ed pravidel, sd\u00edlen\u00ed map a\u00a0adres, kam se\u00a0uprchl\u00edk m\u016f\u017ee obr\u00e1tit, a\u00a0hlavn\u011b pomoc s\u00a0v\u00fdukou jazyka a\u00a0hled\u00e1n\u00edm zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Snahy omlouvat trestnou \u010dinnost cizinc\u016f neznalost\u00ed m\u00edstn\u00edch z\u00e1kon\u016f jsou kontraproduktivn\u00ed a\u00a0mnohdy cizinc\u016fm nep\u0159\u00edmo nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee\u00a0mohou p\u00e1chat n\u011bco, co\u00a0dom\u00e1c\u00ed nemohou. Typick\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem jsou p\u0159\u00edpady zn\u00e1siln\u011bn\u00ed muslimsk\u00fdmi uprchl\u00edky, kter\u00fdm za\u00a0takov\u00fd \u010din v\u00a0jejich domovin\u011b hroz\u00ed trest smrti. Sta\u010d\u00ed je\u00a0ujistit, \u017ee\u00a0budou i\u00a0zde potrest\u00e1ni a\u00a0nav\u00edc vyho\u0161t\u011bni. Pokud se\u00a0nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u00fd\u0161e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fd prost\u00fd afgh\u00e1nsk\u00fd zem\u011bd\u011blec dozv\u00ed, \u017ee\u00a0pokud zn\u00e1siln\u00ed \u017eenu, bude vyho\u0161t\u011bn a\u00a0za sv\u016fj zlo\u010din si\u00a0odpyk\u00e1 trest ur\u010den\u00fd hnut\u00edm T\u00e1leb\u016f v\u00a0Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1nu, stokr\u00e1t si\u00a0to\u00a0rozmysl\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Podobn\u011b kontraproduktivn\u00ed je\u00a0snaha zatajovat trestnou \u010dinnost cizinc\u016f, nezve\u0159ej\u0148ovat n\u00e1rodnost pachatel\u016f, \u010di dokonce teroristick\u00e9 \u00fatoky radik\u00e1ln\u00edch muslim\u016f ozna\u010dovat za\u00a0izolovan\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady jedinc\u016f s\u00a0psychick\u00fdmi probl\u00e9my. Toto ml\u017een\u00ed pak v\u00a0p\u016fvodn\u00edch Evropanech vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed strach a\u00a0p\u0159edstavy o\u00a0nebezpe\u010d\u00ed na\u00a0ka\u017ed\u00e9m rohu. Vzhledem k\u00a0celkov\u00fdm po\u010dt\u016fm cizinc\u016f pob\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch na\u00a0\u00fazem\u00ed EU, se\u00a0i\u00a0tak jedn\u00e1 o\u00a0men\u0161\u00ed procenta. Je\u00a0v\u0161ak nutn\u00e9 je\u00a0zve\u0159ejnit, ve\u0159ejn\u011b o\u00a0nich hovo\u0159it a\u00a0v\u0161echny pachatele bez\u00a0milosti potrestat. Nikdo takov\u00fd by\u00a0na \u00fazem\u00ed EU d\u00e1l pob\u00fdvat nem\u011bl.<\/p>\n

Jak je\u00a0mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee\u00a0terorista, kter\u00fd p\u0159ed\u00a0p\u00e1r lety v\u00a0Berl\u00edn\u011b vjel do\u00a0lid\u00ed na\u00a0v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edm trhu, byl p\u0159edt\u00edm odsouzen za\u00a0zap\u00e1len\u00ed \u0161koly v\u00a0It\u00e1lii? Jak je\u00a0mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee\u00a0zlo\u010dinec, kter\u00fd vyhro\u017eoval pracovnici n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho soci\u00e1ln\u00edho \u00fa\u0159adu pot\u00e9 vlakem, pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b je\u0161t\u011b bez\u00a0platn\u00e9 j\u00edzdenky, klidn\u011b p\u0159ejel do\u00a0\u010cR a\u00a0zn\u00e1silnil zde d\u00edvku?<\/p>\n

Mnoho probl\u00e9m\u016f tak zp\u016fsobuje neschopnost a\u00a0bezzubost na\u0161ich \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f. V\u017edy\u0165 na\u00a0trest\u00e1n\u00ed trestn\u00fdch \u010din\u016f nen\u00ed nic rasistick\u00e9ho. Zam\u00edtnut\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dosti o\u00a0azyl pachatel\u016fm trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu, odp\u00edra\u010d\u016fm \u00fa\u0159edn\u00ed komunikace, nebo t\u011bm, kte\u0159\u00ed necht\u011bj\u00ed sd\u011blit zemi sv\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu \u010di \u00famysln\u011b l\u017eou, je\u00a0spr\u00e1vn\u00fdm \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm, kter\u00e9 nem\u00e1 s\u00a0netoleranc\u00ed nic spole\u010dn\u00e9ho. Ka\u017ed\u00fd cizinec m\u00e1 stejn\u00e1 pr\u00e1va jako m\u00edstn\u00ed lid\u00e9, m\u00e1 v\u0161ak tak\u00e9 stejn\u00e9 povinnosti.<\/p>\n

Nikomu se\u00a0nebr\u00e1n\u00ed vyzn\u00e1vat vlastn\u00ed v\u00edru, udr\u017eovat tradice a\u00a0zvyky, v\u0161e v\u0161ak pouze v\u00a0mez\u00edch m\u00edstn\u00edch z\u00e1kon\u016f. Muslimov\u00e9 mohou bez\u00a0probl\u00e9m\u016f vyzn\u00e1vat svou v\u00edru, nemohou si\u00a0v\u0161ak st\u011b\u017eovat, \u017ee\u00a0se\u00a0v\u00a0restaurac\u00edch pod\u00e1v\u00e1 alkohol, j\u00ed vep\u0159ov\u00e9 maso a\u00a0\u017ee o\u00a0postn\u00edm m\u011bs\u00edci ramad\u00e1nu je\u00a0v\u0161ude vid\u011bt hodn\u011b j\u00eddla. Nikdo je\u00a0nenut\u00ed hodovat za\u00a0ramad\u00e1nu, j\u00edst vep\u0159ov\u00e9 nebo p\u00edt alkohol, ale oni mus\u00ed m\u00edstn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed akceptovat takov\u00e9, jak\u00e9 je. Hinduist\u00e9 si\u00a0tak\u00e9 nemohou st\u011b\u017eovat na\u00a0m\u00edstn\u00ed konzumaci hov\u011bz\u00edho, v\u0161ak je\u00a0do n\u00ed tak\u00e9 nikdo nenut\u00ed. Pokud muslimsk\u00fdm rodi\u010d\u016fm vad\u00ed, \u017ee\u00a0se\u00a0jejich dcera zamiluje do\u00a0mu\u017ee jin\u00e9ho vyzn\u00e1n\u00ed, nemaj\u00ed pr\u00e1vo j\u00ed v\u00a0tom br\u00e1nit. A\u00a0v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee\u00a0proti n\u00ed u\u017eij\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00ed, sp\u00e1chaj\u00ed trestn\u00fd \u010din, za\u00a0kter\u00fd budou potrest\u00e1ni.<\/p>\n

\u010cek\u00e1 n\u00e1s velk\u00e1 migra\u010dn\u00ed vlna?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Migrace sama o\u00a0sob\u011b je\u00a0neutr\u00e1ln\u00ed, p\u0159irozen\u00e1, prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00ed po\u00a0cel\u00e9 d\u011bjiny lidstva. Lid\u00e9 se\u00a0p\u0159esouvaj\u00ed z\u00a0jednoho m\u00edsta na\u00a0druh\u00e9. Migrace b\u00fdvala zk\u00e1zou, ale i\u00a0p\u0159\u00ednosem. Tzv. Mo\u0159sk\u00e9 n\u00e1rody p\u0159iplouvaly v\u00a0pozdn\u00ed dob\u011b bronzov\u00e9 do\u00a0v\u00fdchodn\u00edho St\u0159edomo\u0159\u00ed a\u00a0zni\u010dili tam m\u011bstsk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty a\u00a0starobyl\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad Ugarit10<\/sup>. Na\u00a0druh\u00e9 stran\u011b n\u011bkolik des\u00edtek let trvaj\u00edc\u00ed prosperita, kter\u00e1 ud\u011blala z\u00a0USA nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sv\u011btovou mocnost, by\u00a0bez migrace nebyla mo\u017en\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Probl\u00e9m proto nen\u00ed v\u00a0migraci, ale hlavn\u011b v\u00a0jej\u00ed ileg\u00e1lnosti, jako\u017eto ve\u00a0v\u0161em nez\u00e1konn\u00e9m. I\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e1 \u201erelativn\u011b n\u00edzk\u00e1\u201c ileg\u00e1ln\u00ed migrace je\u00a0v\u00a0absolutn\u00edch \u010d\u00edslech st\u00e1le pom\u011brn\u011b vysok\u00e1. Lep\u0161\u00ed ochrana hranic schengensk\u00e9ho prostoru by\u00a0tak ileg\u00e1ln\u00ed migraci naprosto minimalizovala.<\/p>\n

Akceptovateln\u00e9 jsou pak dv\u011b skupiny migrant\u016f. Prvn\u00edmi jsou \u017eadatel\u00e9 o\u00a0azyl. Azyl m\u00e1 b\u00fdt ud\u011blen pouze \u017eadatel\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed prok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed, \u017ee\u00a0jsou ve\u00a0sv\u00e9 domovin\u011b opravdu pron\u00e1sledov\u00e1ni a\u00a0nemohou tam svobodn\u011b \u017e\u00edt. V\u00a0takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b ale maj\u00ed b\u00fdt vd\u011b\u010dni za\u00a0to, \u017ee\u00a0jim kter\u00e1koliv zem\u011b EU poskytne azyl, a\u00a0ne si\u00a0vyb\u00edrat mezi Rumunskem a\u00a0N\u011bmeckem. Maj\u00ed se\u00a0sna\u017eit nau\u010dit se\u00a0m\u00edstn\u00ed jazyk a\u00a0maxim\u00e1ln\u011b se\u00a0integrovat. M\u011bli by\u00a0p\u0159itom m\u00edt na\u00a0pam\u011bti, \u017ee\u00a0pokud se\u00a0pom\u011bry v\u00a0jejich domovin\u011b zm\u011bn\u00ed a\u00a0d\u016fvody pro\u00a0azyl pominou, mohou b\u00fdt vr\u00e1ceni zp\u011bt. A\u00a0pokud poru\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1kony hostitelsk\u00e9 zem\u011b nebo si\u00a0nebudou azylu v\u00e1\u017eit, bude jim ihned zam\u00edtnut.<\/p>\n

Druhou skupinou jsou migranti, p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed za\u00a0prac\u00ed. Je\u00a0faktem, \u017ee\u00a0EU, v\u010detn\u011b \u010cR, trp\u00ed nedostatkem pracovn\u00edch sil. Byla p\u0159ijata speci\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00edzov\u00e1 facilitace pro\u00a0\u017eadatele o\u00a0pr\u00e1ci v\u00a0ur\u010dit\u00fdch oborech a\u00a0z\u00a0ur\u010dit\u00fdch zem\u00ed. Je\u00a0zde velk\u00fd nedostatek expert\u016f v\u00a0IT, l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f, zdravotn\u00edch sester, in\u017een\u00fdr\u016f, ale i\u00a0\u0159idi\u010d\u016f autobus\u016f, zedn\u00edk\u016f a\u00a0d\u011bln\u00edk\u016f.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nen\u00ed nic snadn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho ne\u017e si\u00a0naj\u00edt neobsazen\u00e1 m\u00edsta, komunikovat s\u00a0p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nou firmou \u010di \u00fa\u0159adem, kter\u00fd lidi pro\u00a0dan\u00fd obor pot\u0159ebuje, proj\u00edt v\u00fdb\u011brov\u00fdm \u0159\u00edzen\u00edm a\u00a0v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b \u00fasp\u011bchu ofici\u00e1ln\u011b, se\u00a0v\u0161emi platn\u00fdmi dokumenty od\u00a0zam\u011bstnavatele, po\u017e\u00e1dat o\u00a0v\u00edzum. I\u00a0zde by\u00a0v\u0161ak m\u011blo platit, \u017ee\u00a0pokud \u017eadatel poru\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1kony dan\u00e9 zem\u011b nebo zneu\u017eije v\u00edzum k\u00a0jin\u00fdm \u00fa\u010del\u016fm, m\u00e1 b\u00fdt dle z\u00e1kona potrest\u00e1n a\u00a0vyho\u0161t\u011bn.<\/p>\n

Skute\u010dn\u00e1 realizace vyho\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed je\u00a0z\u00e1kladem udr\u017eitelnosti migrace. Nem\u00e1 kon\u010dit pouze raz\u00edtkem v\u00a0pase. Pokud vyho\u0161t\u011bn\u00fd cizinec v\u00a0dan\u00e9m term\u00ednu zemi neopust\u00ed, m\u00e1 b\u00fdt potrest\u00e1n a\u00a0n\u00e1sledn\u011b deportov\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

V\u0161em by\u00a0m\u011blo b\u00fdt jasn\u00e9, \u017ee\u00a0kdo p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed s\u00a0dobr\u00fdmi \u00famysly, chce v\u00a0dan\u00e9 zemi pracovat, integrovat se\u00a0a\u00a0b\u00fdt vd\u011b\u010dn\u00fd za\u00a0mo\u017enost tu \u017e\u00edt, je\u00a0v\u00edt\u00e1n. Kdo to\u00a0nedodr\u017e\u00ed, nikoliv. EU a\u00a0jej\u00ed \u010dlensk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty si\u00a0laxn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edstupem mnoho probl\u00e9m\u016f zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed samy. V\u00a0Dubaji tvo\u0159\u00ed cizinci 85\u00a0% populace a\u00a0nen\u00ed s\u00a0nimi v\u016fbec \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd probl\u00e9m. Jsou tu lid\u00e9 r\u016fzn\u00fdch ras, barvy pleti a\u00a0vyzn\u00e1n\u00ed. V\u0161ichni v\u00ed, \u017ee\u00a0mus\u00ed dodr\u017eovat m\u00edst\u00ed pravidla a\u00a0z\u00e1kony. Nikdo nechce ztratit v\u00fdhodnou pr\u00e1ci a\u00a0pobyt, ka\u017ed\u00fd se\u00a0boj\u00ed tvrd\u00fdch trest\u016f, kter\u00e9 v\u00a0opa\u010dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b jist\u011b nastanou. Podobn\u00e9 je\u00a0to\u00a0v\u00a0Singapuru, kter\u00fd v\u00a0ur\u010dit\u00fdch profes\u00edch p\u0159\u00edmo lov\u00ed lidi, kter\u00fdm by\u00a0ud\u011blil st\u00e1tn\u00ed ob\u010danstv\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Chybou d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed politiky bylo, \u017ee\u00a0se\u00a0do EU pou\u0161t\u011bli migranti zcela nekontrolovan\u011b. Nikdy nen\u00ed v\u00fdhodn\u00e9 najednou do\u00a0jedn\u00e9 kultury vpustit velk\u00fd po\u010det lid\u00ed z\u00a0kultury \u00fapln\u011b odli\u0161n\u00e9. Nov\u011b p\u0159\u00edchoz\u00ed to\u00a0pak nenut\u00ed se\u00a0integrovat, proto\u017ee si\u00a0za\u010dnou vytv\u00e1\u0159et vlastn\u00ed st\u00e1ty ve\u00a0st\u00e1t\u011b. Na\u00a0tak masivn\u00ed migraci nebylo p\u0159ipraveno v\u016fbec nic, a\u00a0proto cel\u00e1 strategie selhala. Administrativ\u011b Angely Merkelov\u00e9 je\u00a0tedy mo\u017en\u00e9 odpov\u011bd\u011bt: \u201eWir habed das nicht geschafft\u201c.<\/p>\n

Vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed muslimsk\u00fdch ghett a\u00a0\u201eno go zone\u201c v\u00a0evropsk\u00fdch m\u011bstech je\u00a0tak dal\u0161\u00ed velk\u00fd probl\u00e9m. P\u0159edstavy, \u017ee\u00a0se\u00a0muslimsk\u00e1 populace sjednot\u00ed a\u00a0prosad\u00ed muslimsk\u00e9 z\u00e1kony, jsou v\u0161ak iluzorn\u00ed. Mnoho z\u00a0nich o\u00a0to nestoj\u00ed. \u010c\u00e1st francouzsk\u00fdch ob\u010dan\u016f, jejich\u017e p\u0159edci kdysi p\u0159i\u0161li z\u00a0Al\u017e\u00edrska, dokonce vol\u00ed N\u00e1rodn\u00ed frontu, proto\u017ee necht\u011bj\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed migranty ze\u00a0sv\u00e9 p\u016fvodn\u00ed domoviny. I\u00a0kdyby vznikly islamistick\u00e9 strany, nedaj\u00ed se\u00a0dohromady. Jen zde bude n\u011bkolik soupe\u0159\u00edc\u00edch organizac\u00ed, v\u00a0nich\u017e bude cht\u00edt ka\u017ed\u00fd b\u00fdt p\u0159edsedou \u010di prezidentem.<\/p>\n

Probl\u00e9m je\u00a0v\u0161ak v\u00a0kriminalit\u011b a\u00a0neschopnosti m\u00edstn\u00edch bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch slo\u017eek tyto oblasti kontrolovat. Stockholm b\u00fdval r\u00e1jem klidu a\u00a0m\u00edru. Dneska jsou v\u00a0n\u011bm oblasti, kam se\u00a0lid\u00e9 boj\u00ed vstoupit. A\u00a0pro\u010d? Pro\u010d se\u00a0bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed slo\u017eky tam boj\u00ed zajistit kontrolu, zbavit dan\u00e9 lokality krimin\u00e1ln\u00edch \u017eivl\u016f a\u00a0zajistit zde bezpe\u010dnost? To\u00a0nem\u00e1 s\u00a0toleranc\u00ed a\u00a0lidsk\u00fdmi pr\u00e1vy nic spole\u010dn\u00e9ho. Stoj\u00ed pr\u00e1va nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch zlo\u010dinc\u016f a\u00a0mafi\u00e1nsk\u00fdch struktur nad pr\u00e1vy oby\u010dejn\u00fdch slu\u0161n\u00fdch ob\u010dan\u016f? Pro\u00a0takov\u00fd stav neexistuje sebemen\u0161\u00ed omluva, a\u00a0to nikde v\u00a0EU.<\/p>\n

Na sv\u011bt\u011b je\u00a0mnoho zem\u00ed, kam se\u00a0cizinci hrnou a\u00a0cht\u011bj\u00ed v\u00a0nich \u017e\u00edt a\u00a0pracovat. Tyto st\u00e1ty nemaj\u00ed s\u00a0migrac\u00ed sebemen\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9m, proto\u017ee a\u017e na\u00a0v\u00fdjimky ileg\u00e1ln\u00ed migraci nep\u0159ipust\u00ed, dbaj\u00ed na\u00a0dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kon\u016f a\u00a0pravidel a\u00a0dob\u0159e kontroluj\u00ed, kdo k\u00a0nim vstoup\u00ed. To\u00a0jsou z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pravidla pro\u00a0\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 zvl\u00e1dnut\u00ed migrace. Pouze pokud se\u00a0n\u00e1m poda\u0159\u00ed je\u00a0zajistit, m\u016f\u017eeme prohl\u00e1sit \u201ewir haben das geschafft\u201c.<\/p>\n

Tom\u00e1\u0161 Strnad<\/strong><\/a>,\u00a0odborn\u00edk na\u00a0Bl\u00edzk\u00fd a\u00a0St\u0159edn\u00ed v\u00fdchod<\/em><\/p>\n

Zdroje:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. https:\/\/www.europarl.europa.eu\/topics\/fr\/article\/20170627STO78419\/lutte-contre-la-migration-irreguliere<\/a><\/li>\n
  2. https:\/\/www.bpb.de\/kurz-knapp\/zahlen-und-fakten\/europa\/278693\/migration\/<\/a><\/li>\n
  3. https:\/\/www.europarl.europa.eu\/topics\/fr\/article\/20170629STO78629\/les-reponses-de-l-union-europeenne-face-au-defi-migratoire<\/a><\/li>\n
  4. https:\/\/www.frontex.europa.eu\/media-centre\/news\/news-release\/irregular-border-crossings-into-eu-drop-sharply-in-2024-oqpweX#:~:text=New%20preliminary%20data%20from%20Frontex%20reveal%20a%20significant,migration%20was%20still%20affected%20by%20the%20COVID%20pandemic<\/a>.<\/li>\n
  5. https:\/\/www.frontex.europa.eu\/what-we-do\/monitoring-and-risk-analysis\/migratory-map\/#:~:text=This%20map%20presents%20the%20current%20migratory%20situation%20in,FRAN%20and%20JORA%20data%20as%20of%20July%202025<\/a>.<\/li>\n
  6. https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/germany-granted-citizenship-record-number-people-2024-led-by-syrians-2025-06-10\/<\/a><\/li>\n
  7. https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/eurostat\/web\/interactive-publications\/migration-2024<\/a><\/li>\n
  8. https:\/\/menasecuritymonitor.com\/analysis\/syrian-refugees-ar-no-longer-allowed-to-denmark\/<\/a><\/li>\n
  9. https:\/\/mediendienst-integration.de\/integration\/arbeitsmarkt.html<\/a><\/li>\n
  10. https:\/\/historymadesimple.blog\/2024\/12\/16\/the-migration-of-the-sea-people\/<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Tituln\u00ed foto: Unsplash.com \u0623\u062e\u064c\u200c\u0641\u064a\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647.<\/em><\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    V\u0161ichni si\u00a0pamatuj\u00ed na\u00a0proslul\u00e1 slova n\u011bmeck\u00e9 kancl\u00e9\u0159ky o\u00a0tom, jak migraci zvl\u00e1dneme. V\u00a0tu dobu se\u00a0uvolnila stavidla a\u00a0Evropu…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":89694,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6],"tags":[1042,41,283,1095],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/89693"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=89693"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/89693\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/89694"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=89693"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=89693"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=89693"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}