{"id":89060,"date":"2025-10-03T00:20:30","date_gmt":"2025-10-02T22:20:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=89060"},"modified":"2025-10-02T10:51:51","modified_gmt":"2025-10-02T08:51:51","slug":"christina-maas-uvnitr-ukrajinskeho-experimentu-s-digitalni-identitou","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/10\/03\/christina-maas-uvnitr-ukrajinskeho-experimentu-s-digitalni-identitou\/","title":{"rendered":"Christina Maas: Uvnit\u0159 ukrajinsk\u00e9ho experimentu s digit\u00e1ln\u00ed identitou"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Ukrajina sice m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt testovac\u00ed laborato\u0159\u00ed, ale pl\u00e1n se ti\u0161e vyv\u00e1\u017e\u00ed do zahrani\u010d\u00ed.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ukrajinci Roman Lozynskyj a Svitlana Kisilovov\u00e1 se vzali v \u010dervnu 2024 a ani jeden \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edk jim nemusel d\u00e1t raz\u00edtko. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00e9 pap\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9 focen\u00ed. Sta\u010dilo p\u00e1r kliknut\u00ed na ukrajinskou aplikaci Diia a p\u00e1r digit\u00e1ln\u00edch podpis\u016f \u2013 a bum, pr\u00e1vn\u011b z\u00e1vazn\u00e9 man\u017eelstv\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

V zemi, kter\u00e1 je stejn\u011b tak poznamen\u00e1na v\u00e1lkou a byrokraci\u00ed, je takov\u00e1 efektivita prakticky pova\u017eov\u00e1na za romantickou.<\/span><\/p>\n

Aplikace, zkratka pro \u201eDerzhava i Ja\u201c (St\u00e1t a j\u00e1), je prezentov\u00e1na jako z\u00e1\u0159iv\u00e1 budoucnost pro vl\u00e1du.<\/span><\/p>\n

Elegantn\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00ed rozhran\u00ed, kter\u00e9 v\u00e1m umo\u017en\u00ed platit dan\u011b, registrovat firmu, \u017e\u00e1dat o d\u00e1vky a nyn\u00ed i uzav\u0159\u00edt s\u0148atek \u2013 ani\u017e byste museli vstoupit do \u00fa\u0159adu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 to t\u00edm, \u017ee se jeden z partner\u016f p\u0159ihl\u00e1s\u00ed do Diia a po\u0161le \u017e\u00e1dost o ruku: \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd prsten nen\u00ed pot\u0159eba, sta\u010d\u00ed ozn\u00e1men\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se objev\u00ed na preferovan\u00e9 slu\u017eb\u011b pro zas\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed zpr\u00e1v druh\u00e9ho partnera. Pokud tento partner neodpov\u00ed do 14 dn\u016f, v\u0161echno jde do h\u00e1je \u2013 jako ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd p\u00e1r v seznamovac\u00ed aplikaci.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pokud je odpov\u011b\u010f ano, p\u00e1r m\u00e1 12 hodin na odesl\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00fdch osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f. Dalo by se to pova\u017eovat za rychl\u00e9 vypln\u011bn\u00ed \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edho formul\u00e1\u0159e \u2013 a\u017e na to, \u017ee m\u00edsto \u017e\u00e1dosti o schv\u00e1len\u00ed uzav\u00edraj\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u011b z\u00e1vaznou \u017eivotn\u00ed smlouvu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jakmile jsou informace odesl\u00e1ny, platforma nab\u00edz\u00ed nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 term\u00edny registrace. Teoreticky byste tedy mohli podat \u017e\u00e1dost v pond\u011bl\u00ed a o v\u00edkendu b\u00fdt vd\u00e1ni.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ve zvolen\u00fd den obdr\u017e\u00ed snoubenci odkaz pro \u00fa\u010dast na 30minutov\u00e9m videoob\u0159adu p\u0159es Webex. Ano, ten sam\u00fd Webex, kter\u00fd \u0161\u00e9f pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pro sch\u016fzky o stavu s\u0148atku. Po ob\u0159adu se v aplikaci do 24 hodin objev\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00ed oddac\u00ed list.<\/span><\/p>\n

Z\u00e1padn\u00ed think-tanky to popisuj\u00ed t\u00f3nem, kter\u00fd si jinak vyhrazuj\u00ed pro \u00fav\u011brov\u00e9 dohody s MMF nebo kompenzace emis\u00ed CO\u2082.<\/span><\/p>\n

Brookings Institution to ozna\u010dil za \u201ez\u00e1sadn\u00ed\u201c pro odolnost Ukrajiny ve v\u00e1lce. V terminologii think-tank\u016f se to rovn\u00e1 rozhazov\u00e1n\u00ed r\u016f\u017e\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sdru\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed tolika funkc\u00ed do st\u00e1tem kontrolovan\u00e9 platformy v\u0161ak vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 obavy \u2013 i kdy\u017e marketing tvrd\u00ed opak.<\/span><\/p>\n

Diia technicky neukl\u00e1d\u00e1 data na vlastn\u00edch serverech; pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 s\u00ed\u0165 pro sd\u00edlen\u00ed dat zalo\u017eenou na Trembit\u011b a Vulyku, o kter\u00e9 zast\u00e1nci tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee je dostate\u010dn\u011b decentralizovan\u00e1, aby byla bezpe\u010dn\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n

To nen\u00ed ono. Zm\u011bna technick\u00e9 architektury nem\u011bn\u00ed rovnov\u00e1hu sil. Aplikace z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 jedinou branou ke v\u0161emu. Nen\u00ed t\u0159eba ukl\u00e1dat data pro \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Do syst\u00e9mu je nyn\u00ed zapojeno p\u0159es 100 registr\u016f. Tento druh integrace zn\u00ed na technologick\u00e9m summitu skv\u011ble. Ve skute\u010dnosti to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee st\u00e1t\u00a0vytvo\u0159il\u00a0<\/span>hlavn\u00ed konzoli pro spr\u00e1vu ob\u010dan\u016f .<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Efektivita ano. Ale tak\u00e9 centr\u00e1ln\u00ed rozhran\u00ed, jeho\u017e prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm m\u016f\u017ee vl\u00e1da monitorovat, ov\u011b\u0159ovat nebo ti\u0161e odep\u00edrat p\u0159\u00edstup ke v\u0161emu \u2013 od finan\u010dn\u00edch slu\u017eeb a\u017e po pr\u00e1vn\u00ed uzn\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ukrajinsk\u00e1 digit\u00e1ln\u00ed infrastruktura nevznikla n\u00e1hodou. Mezi lety 2016 a 2020 byla v\u011bt\u0161ina ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch rejst\u0159\u00edk\u016f digitalizov\u00e1na. V roce 2020 byla s plnou vl\u00e1dn\u00ed podporou spu\u0161t\u011bna platforma Diia \u2013 agresivn\u011b propagovan\u00e1 jako vlajkov\u00e1 lo\u010f \u201edigit\u00e1ln\u011b orientovan\u00e9 spr\u00e1vy v\u011bc\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zast\u00e1nci r\u00e1di poukazuj\u00ed na odolnost, zejm\u00e9na ve v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch. Architekturu Trembity uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed jako d\u016fkaz, \u017ee syst\u00e9m by mohl p\u0159e\u017e\u00edt i raketov\u00fd \u00fatok.<\/span><\/p>\n

Distribuovan\u00e9 registry ale nem\u011bn\u00ed nic na tom, \u017ee ve\u0159ejn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00fd bod Diia je centralizovan\u00fd. A pr\u00e1v\u011b v tom spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 moc. Ne v backendov\u00e9m registru, ale v rukou t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed dr\u017e\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010de.<\/span><\/p>\n

Syst\u00e9m Diia se ji\u017e d\u00e1vno roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159il nad r\u00e1mec dan\u00ed, licenc\u00ed a nouzov\u00fdch ozn\u00e1men\u00ed. Syst\u00e9m se roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159il i do vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, a to prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm platforem, jako je\u00a0<\/span>Diia.Osvita<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0a\u00a0<\/span>aplikace Mriia<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0pro studenty.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tyto n\u00e1stroje nab\u00edzej\u00ed mo\u017enosti distan\u010dn\u00edho vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a vyd\u00e1vaj\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00ed studentsk\u00e9 pr\u016fkazy. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, st\u00e1t zav\u00e1d\u00ed nezletil\u00e9 do stejn\u00e9 infrastruktury, kter\u00e1 se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pro vojenskou slu\u017ebu a pod\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed da\u0148ov\u00fdch p\u0159izn\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e v\u00e1\u0161 studentsk\u00fd pr\u016fkaz \u017eije ve stejn\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu, kter\u00fd sleduje va\u0161i vojenskou zp\u016fsobilost, nemus\u00edte b\u00fdt cynik, abyste vid\u011bli budoucnost jasn\u011b jako ve dne.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u010c\u00edsla jsou p\u016fsobiv\u00e1 \u2013 alespo\u0148 na pap\u00ed\u0159e. Aplikaci Diia pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v\u00edce ne\u017e 21,7 milionu Ukrajinc\u016f. Aplikace nyn\u00ed nab\u00edz\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup ke 14 digit\u00e1ln\u00edm dokument\u016fm a 21 ve\u0159ejn\u00fdm slu\u017eb\u00e1m p\u0159\u00edmo v n\u00ed a k v\u00edce ne\u017e 70 dal\u0161\u00edm je k dispozici prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm port\u00e1lu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tento dosah, dosa\u017een\u00fd uprost\u0159ed v\u00e1lky, je oslavov\u00e1n jako p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh \u00fasp\u011bchu. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 v\u0161ak ukazuje, jak rychle lze celou spole\u010dnost zatla\u010dit za\u00a0<\/span>digit\u00e1ln\u00ed tabuli skla,<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0kdy\u017e cesta uvoln\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00e1 krize.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ne\u017e ale n\u011bkdo nominuje Diiu na Nobelovu cenu za ve\u0159ejnou spr\u00e1vu, m\u011bl by se zamyslet nad t\u00edm, co to vlastn\u011b je.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nen\u00ed to aplikace.<\/span><\/p>\n

Je to\u00a0<\/span>vl\u00e1da ve va\u0161\u00ed kapse<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0, kter\u00e1 se zdvo\u0159ile usm\u00edv\u00e1, kdy\u017e sleduje v\u0161e, co d\u011bl\u00e1te \u2013 a je to model, kter\u00fd cht\u011bj\u00ed ostatn\u00ed zem\u011b kop\u00edrovat.<\/span><\/p>\n

Koneckonc\u016f, jak USA, tak Velk\u00e1 Brit\u00e1nie p\u0159isp\u011bly velkou \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed financov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed sponzo\u0159i<\/span><\/h3>\n

Jedn\u00edm z nejkonzistentn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch podporovatel\u016f je \u0161v\u00e9dsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da, kter\u00e1 financuje\u00a0<\/span>projekt podpory DIA<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm sv\u00e9 rozvojov\u00e9 agentury SIDA.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tento projekt realizuje Rozvojov\u00fd program OSN (UNDP) a zaji\u0161\u0165uje, aby \u0161v\u00e9dsk\u00e9 finan\u010dn\u00ed prost\u0159edky proudily do digit\u00e1ln\u00edch slu\u017eeb, kter\u00e9 se maj\u00ed st\u00e1t \u201einkluzivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi\u201c a \u201edostupn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00fdznamnou roli sehr\u00e1ly i Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm\u00a0<\/span>USAID<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0, jejich\u017e program Digital Transformation Activity podpo\u0159il expanzi spole\u010dnosti Diia a integroval ji do \u0161ir\u0161\u00edch vl\u00e1dn\u00edch reforem na Ukrajin\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, za\u010d\u00e1tkem roku 2025, USAID pozastavila nebo zastavila \u010d\u00e1st sv\u00e9ho financov\u00e1n\u00ed Ministerstva digit\u00e1ln\u00ed transformace, co\u017e vyvolalo ot\u00e1zky ohledn\u011b finan\u010dn\u00ed stability platformy.<\/span><\/p>\n

Spojen\u00e9 kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed doplnilo tento z\u00e1vazek\u00a0spolufinancov\u00e1n\u00edm aktivity digit\u00e1ln\u00ed transformace prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm\u00a0<\/span>UK International Development a USAID.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

A\u010dkoli UNDP s\u00e1m nen\u00ed d\u00e1rcem, p\u016fsobil jako kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd implementa\u010dn\u00ed partner a koordinoval zdroje ze \u0160v\u00e9dska a dal\u0161\u00edch zdroj\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tyto mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed podp\u016frn\u00e9 toky dohromady jasn\u011b ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee Diia nen\u00ed jen n\u00e1rodn\u00edm projektem, ale\u00a0<\/span>geopolitickou investic\u00ed<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0, kter\u00e1 odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed zahrani\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1jem o digit\u00e1ln\u00ed st\u00e1tnost Ukrajiny.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ukrajina sice m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt testovac\u00edm polem \u2013 ale model Diia je p\u0159esn\u011b to, nad \u010d\u00edm ostatn\u00ed vl\u00e1dy slintaj\u00ed: centralizovan\u00e1 platforma digit\u00e1ln\u00ed autority maskovan\u00e1 jako pohodl\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

A kdy\u017e za n\u011b\u010d\u00edm stoj\u00ed USAID, m\u016f\u017eete si b\u00fdt jisti: Nejde jen o Ukrajinu. Jde o\u00a0<\/span>exportn\u00ed pl\u00e1n<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Co umo\u017e\u0148uje syst\u00e9m digit\u00e1ln\u00ed identifikace:<\/span><\/h3>\n
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  • Sledov\u00e1n\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9 online aktivity.<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0Pokud je va\u0161e ID propojeno s va\u0161\u00edm pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm internetu, m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e1s vl\u00e1da nebo smluvn\u00ed korporace sledovat v re\u00e1ln\u00e9m \u010dase.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Finan\u010dn\u00ed ostrakizace.<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0Politicky nev\u00fdhodn\u00e9? St\u00e1t nemus\u00ed pos\u00edlat policii \u2013 jednodu\u0161e zablokuje p\u0159\u00edstup k bank\u00e1m a slu\u017eb\u00e1m.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Algoritmick\u00e1 kontrola.<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0ID propojen\u00e1 se soci\u00e1ln\u00edmi m\u00e9dii \u2192 Nesouhlas je neviditeln\u011b filtrov\u00e1n. Va\u0161e p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky nejsou smaz\u00e1ny, ale poh\u0159beny \u2013 d\u00edky \u201esk\u00f3re d\u016fv\u011bryhodnosti\u201c.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Geo-fencing opozice.<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0Svoboda pohybu je trivi\u00e1ln\u011b omezena, kdy\u017e je ka\u017ed\u00e1 cesta propojena s centr\u00e1ln\u00edm identifika\u010dn\u00edm identifika\u010dn\u00edm \u010d\u00edslem. Protestuj\u00edc\u00ed mohou b\u00fdt jedin\u00fdm kliknut\u00edm omezeni na svou vlastn\u00ed \u010dtvr\u0165.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Pokud v\u00e1m to zn\u00ed jako dystopick\u00e9 stra\u0161en\u00ed, zeptejte se Kana\u010fan\u016f, jejich\u017e bankovn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dty byly zmrazeny b\u011bhem protest\u016f \u0159idi\u010d\u016f kamion\u016f v roce 2022 \u2013 a to bez jednotn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu digit\u00e1ln\u00ed identifikace. P\u0159edstavte si, jak snadn\u00e9 to bude, a\u017e v\u0161echno p\u016fjde p\u0159es jeden port\u00e1l.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Velk\u00e1 Brit\u00e1nie, USA a export<\/span><\/h3>\n

    Britsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da pod veden\u00edm premi\u00e9ra Keira Starmera prosazuje povinn\u00fd\u00a0<\/span>digit\u00e1ln\u00ed pr\u016fkaz toto\u017enosti<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 siln\u011b prosazovan\u00fd\u00a0<\/span>Institutem Tonyho Blaira<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 a z\u00e1rove\u0148 investuje do zahrani\u010d\u00ed do zdokonalen\u00ed ukrajinsk\u00e9ho modelu.<\/span><\/p>\n

    To, co se v Kyjev\u011b prezentuje jako \u201eodolnost v\u016f\u010di v\u00e1lce\u201c, vypad\u00e1 mnohem sp\u00ed\u0161e jako\u00a0<\/span>\u017eiv\u00e1 demonstrace sledovac\u00edho st\u00e1tu<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0pod rou\u0161kou krize.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Digitalizace byla ne\u00fanavn\u011b prosazov\u00e1na. Premi\u00e9r Zelenskyj ozn\u00e1mil program Diia jen n\u011bkolik m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f po sv\u00e9m n\u00e1stupu do \u00fa\u0159adu a ofici\u00e1ln\u011b byl spu\u0161t\u011bn v dubnu 2020.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Zpo\u010d\u00e1tku to byla jen aplikace pro ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed pas\u016f, \u0159idi\u010dsk\u00fdch pr\u016fkaz\u016f a n\u011bkter\u00fdch vl\u00e1dn\u00edch slu\u017eeb. \u201eVl\u00e1da ve va\u0161em smartphonu\u201c se n\u011bkter\u00fdm zd\u00e1la efektivn\u00ed a ne\u0161kodn\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Pak p\u0159i\u0161el COVID. Diia se stala syst\u00e9mem pro o\u010dkovac\u00ed pasy \u2013 s bonusovou platbou:\u00a0<\/span>1 000 h\u0159iven (asi 24 dolar\u016f) za ka\u017ed\u00e9 o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0, p\u0159\u00edmo prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm aplikace.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Do konce roku 2021 u\u017e Diia nebyla pilotem: stala se sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed ka\u017edodenn\u00edho \u017eivota pro 13 milion\u016f Ukrajinc\u016f \u2013 t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 t\u0159etinu populace.<\/span><\/p>\n

    S ruskou invaz\u00ed v \u00fanoru 2022 dos\u00e1hla aplikace nov\u00e9ho rozm\u011bru. Jak uvedla \u0159editelka USAID Samantha Powerov\u00e1,\u00a0<\/span>Diia byla \u201eznovu vyu\u017eita pro v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u201c .<\/span><\/p>\n

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    • V\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 dary byly zpracov\u00e1ny prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm aplikace.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Vl\u00e1dn\u00ed m\u00e9dia pokra\u010dovala v provozu i b\u011bhem v\u00fdpadk\u016f proudu.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Bylo vytvo\u0159eno propojen\u00ed s Telegramem, aby u\u017eivatel\u00e9 mohli p\u0159\u00edmo hl\u00e1sit \u201epodez\u0159el\u00e9 aktivity\u201c.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Funkce\u00a0<\/span>E-enemy<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0: chatbot, jeho\u017e prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm mohli ob\u010dan\u00e9 hl\u00e1sit ozbrojen\u00fdm sil\u00e1m polohu rusk\u00fdch vojsk, jm\u00e9na kolaborant\u016f nebo pohyby nep\u0159\u00e1tel.<\/span><\/p>\n

      Vlasteneck\u00e9 p\u0159ebalen\u00ed davov\u00e9 inteligence \u2013 ve skute\u010dnosti se chytr\u00e9 telefony staly\u00a0<\/span>n\u00e1stroji st\u00e1tn\u00edho dohledu<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

      Data, velk\u00e9 technologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti a \u00faniky informac\u00ed<\/span><\/h3>\n

      V roce 2020 Ukrajina podepsala dohodu se spole\u010dnost\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>Microsoft<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0o hostov\u00e1n\u00ed infrastruktury Diia ve sv\u00e9m cloudu. Kr\u00e1tce pot\u00e9 parlament povolil\u00a0<\/span>spole\u010dnosti Amazon<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161et stejn\u00e1 data do zahrani\u010d\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

      T\u00edm se globalizovala p\u00e1te\u0159 \u201est\u00e1tu v chytr\u00e9m telefonu\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

      Ale Diia nebyla vzduchot\u011bsn\u00e1. Od roku 2020 byla platforma n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t napadena hackery a byly prod\u00e1ny osobn\u00ed \u00fadaje milion\u016f lid\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

      Pasy, telefonn\u00ed \u010d\u00edsla, finan\u010dn\u00ed \u00fadaje \u2013 \u00faniky, kter\u00e9 by zhatily jak\u00fdkoli jin\u00fd program, program Diia sotva zpomalily. Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed partne\u0159i jej i p\u0159esto nad\u00e1le chv\u00e1lili jako vzor.<\/span><\/p>\n

      Institut\u00a0<\/span>Tonyho Blaira<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0v roce 2022 publikoval oslavn\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nek, v n\u011bm\u017e uvedl, \u017ee Diia \u201epolo\u017eil z\u00e1klady nov\u00e9ho vztahu mezi ob\u010dany a st\u00e1tem\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

      Tento \u201evztah\u201c z\u0159ejm\u011b znamen\u00e1 akceptovat hackersk\u00e9 \u00fatoky a sledov\u00e1n\u00ed jako cenu za modernizaci.<\/span><\/p>\n

      V lednu 2024 podepsalo\u00a0<\/span>Sv\u011btov\u00e9 ekonomick\u00e9 f\u00f3rum (WEF)<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0dohodu s Ministerstvem digit\u00e1ln\u00edch z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed Ukrajiny o z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>Centra pro 4. pr\u016fmyslovou revoluci<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0v Kyjev\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u0158editel WEF Jeremy Jurgens nad\u0161en\u011b prohl\u00e1sil: \u201eOce\u0148ujeme inspirativn\u00ed pr\u00e1ci ministerstva.\u201c Inspirativn\u00ed \u2013 zjevn\u011b i v dob\u011b, kdy j\u00edm data ob\u010dan\u016f prosakuj\u00ed jako s\u00edtem.<\/span><\/p>\n

      Export na Z\u00e1pad<\/span><\/h3>\n

      Britsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da, USAID, WEF a Tony Blair podporuj\u00ed syst\u00e9m digit\u00e1ln\u00ed identifikace, kter\u00fd propojuje st\u00e1tn\u00ed moc s infrastrukturou velk\u00fdch technologick\u00fdch firem. Co by se mohlo pokazit?<\/span><\/p>\n

      Hodn\u011b. A pokud se britsk\u00fd z\u00e1vazek jev\u00ed jako v\u00edc ne\u017e jen \u201epomoc\u201c, je to pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b proto, \u017ee j\u00ed je.<\/span><\/p>\n

      V roce 2022 podepsala Velk\u00e1 Brit\u00e1nie s Ukrajinou\u00a0<\/span>dohodu o digit\u00e1ln\u00edm obchodu<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0, kter\u00e1 v\u00fdslovn\u011b zahrnovala spolupr\u00e1ci v oblasti digit\u00e1ln\u00ed identity.<\/span><\/p>\n

      Ukrajina postav\u00ed prototyp, Z\u00e1pad tlesk\u00e1 \u2013 a jakmile jsou chyby opraveny, model je dovezen dom\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

      USA zat\u00edm ofici\u00e1ln\u011b nemaj\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00ed syst\u00e9m digit\u00e1ln\u00ed identifikace, ale\u00a0<\/span>p\u0159\u00edpravn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce prob\u00edhaj\u00ed<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

      Ne prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm velk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona ve Washingtonu, ale prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm z\u00e1kon\u016f p\u0159ijat\u00fdch\u00a0<\/span>jednotliv\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u201ena ochranu d\u011bt\u00ed online\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

      Za t\u00edmto praporem se skr\u00fdv\u00e1: centralizovan\u00e1 infrastruktura identity skrze zadn\u00ed vr\u00e1tka.<\/span><\/p>\n

      N\u011bkolik st\u00e1t\u016f \u2013 Arkansas, Utah, Texas, Louisiana \u2013 ji\u017e vy\u017eaduje digit\u00e1ln\u00ed doklad v\u011bku pro p\u0159\u00edstup k soci\u00e1ln\u00edm m\u00e9di\u00edm nebo obsahu pro dosp\u011bl\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

      Ofici\u00e1ln\u011b se jedn\u00e1 o ochranu nezletil\u00fdch, ale v praxi to znamen\u00e1:\u00a0<\/span>\u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k internetu bez ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed toto\u017enosti vl\u00e1dou.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

      Takhle se normalizuje to, co bylo kdysi nemysliteln\u00e9: \u201eukazov\u00e1n\u00ed pap\u00edr\u016f\u201c za surfov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

      A\u010dkoli je implementov\u00e1no odli\u0161n\u011b, trend je jasn\u00fd: ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed identity se \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed \u2013 bez jasnosti ohledn\u011b toho, kde data kon\u010d\u00ed, kdo je kontroluje nebo jak dlouho jsou ulo\u017eena.<\/span><\/p>\n

      Nebezpe\u010d\u00ed: Tato d\u00edl\u010d\u00ed pravidla dohromady vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>syst\u00e9m zadn\u00edch vr\u00e1tek pro digit\u00e1ln\u00ed identifika\u010dn\u00ed \u00fadaje<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 bez otev\u0159en\u00e9 debaty.<\/span><\/p>\n

      Mezit\u00edm americk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da hraje o \u010das. I kdy\u017e neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed pl\u00e1n pro digit\u00e1ln\u00ed identifikaci, agentury jako\u00a0<\/span>DHS<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0a\u00a0<\/span>NIST<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0ti\u0161e zve\u0159ej\u0148uj\u00ed standardy pro spr\u00e1vu identit.<\/span><\/p>\n

      Z\u00e1rove\u0148 v\u00edce ne\u017e tucet st\u00e1t\u016f testuje\u00a0<\/span>mobiln\u00ed \u0159idi\u010dsk\u00e9 pr\u016fkazy (mDL)<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed chytr\u00e9 telefony jako ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed doklad\u016f toto\u017enosti. I kdy\u017e je to st\u00e1le dobrovoln\u00e9, cesta je jasn\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n

      Ka\u017ed\u00fd detail se m\u016f\u017ee jevit jako drobn\u00e1 administrativn\u00ed oprava, ale spole\u010dn\u011b ukazuj\u00ed: budoucnost digit\u00e1ln\u00ed participace z\u00e1vis\u00ed na ov\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 identit\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

      Jakmile jsou identifika\u010dn\u00ed \u00fadaje zabudov\u00e1ny do architektury internetu, hranice mezi ochranou a sledov\u00e1n\u00edm se st\u00edr\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n

      USA sice zat\u00edm nemaj\u00ed vlastn\u00ed aplikaci Diia, ale r\u00e1mec pro ni ji\u017e existuje.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

      \n
      \n

      Zdroj<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n

      \"\"<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Ukrajina sice m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt testovac\u00ed laborato\u0159\u00ed, ale pl\u00e1n se ti\u0161e vyv\u00e1\u017e\u00ed do zahrani\u010d\u00ed. Ukrajinci Roman…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":89061,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,9837,9838,1975,26,2452],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/89060"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=89060"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/89060\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/89061"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=89060"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=89060"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=89060"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}