{"id":88727,"date":"2025-09-28T00:16:39","date_gmt":"2025-09-27T22:16:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=88727"},"modified":"2025-09-27T11:44:24","modified_gmt":"2025-09-27T09:44:24","slug":"michael-hudson-trumpova-destrukce-americke-ekonomiky-pocinaje-zemedelstvim","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/09\/28\/michael-hudson-trumpova-destrukce-americke-ekonomiky-pocinaje-zemedelstvim\/","title":{"rendered":"Michael Hudson: Trumpova destrukce americk\u00e9 ekonomiky, po\u010d\u00ednaje zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00edm"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1fb4c2c elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-content\" data-id=\"1fb4c2c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-content.default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Trump vyvolal krizi v americk\u00e9m zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed t\u00edm, \u017ee zneu\u017eil obchod s \u010c\u00ednou a Ruskem ve stylu studen\u00e9 v\u00e1lky, po\u0161kodil v\u00fdrobu cly na ocel a hlin\u00edk, podn\u00edtil inflaci spot\u0159ebitelsk\u00fdch cen cly a zt\u00ed\u017eil p\u0159\u00edstup k dostupn\u00e9mu bydlen\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm da\u0148ov\u00fdch \u0161krt\u016f, kter\u00e9 udr\u017eovaly dlouhodob\u00e9 \u00farokov\u00e9 sazby u hypot\u00e9k, n\u00e1kupu automobil\u016f a vybaven\u00ed vysok\u00e9, a tak\u00e9 deregulac\u00ed trh\u016f, kter\u00e1 dala monopol\u016fm volnou ruku v ur\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed cen.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span dir=\"auto\">Trumpovo ochuzov\u00e1n\u00ed americk\u00e9ho zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Trump vytvo\u0159il pro americk\u00e9 zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed ide\u00e1ln\u00ed podm\u00ednky pro rozvoj zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed, a to nejprve svou politikou z doby studen\u00e9 v\u00e1lky, kter\u00e1 uzav\u0159ela \u010c\u00ednu jako trh se s\u00f3jou p\u0159ed Ruskem; za druh\u00e9 celn\u00ed politikou, kter\u00e1 blokuje dovoz, a t\u00edm zvy\u0161uje ceny zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 techniky a dal\u0161\u00edch vstup\u016f; a za t\u0159et\u00ed infla\u010dn\u00edmi rozpo\u010dtov\u00fdmi deficity, kter\u00e9 udr\u017euj\u00ed \u00farokov\u00e9 sazby z hypot\u00e9k a zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch \u00fav\u011br\u016f a financov\u00e1n\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed vysok\u00e9 \u2013 a z\u00e1rove\u0148 udr\u017euj\u00ed n\u00edzk\u00e9 ceny zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 p\u016fdy.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edkladem je s\u00f3ja, nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fd exportn\u00ed artikl Ameriky do \u010c\u00edny. Trumpova instrumentalizace americk\u00e9ho zahrani\u010dn\u00edho obchodu vn\u00edm\u00e1 export a dovoz jako prost\u0159edek k znev\u00fdhodn\u011bn\u00ed ostatn\u00edch zem\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jsou pro sv\u016fj export z\u00e1visl\u00e9 na p\u0159\u00edstupu na americk\u00e9 trhy, stejn\u011b jako export kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch komodit, jako jsou potraviny a ropa (a v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b i high-tech po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 \u010dipy a za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed), kontrolovan\u00fd USA. Po Maov\u011b revoluci v roce 1945 USA uvalily sankce na americk\u00fd v\u00fdvoz obil\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00edch potravin do \u010c\u00edny v nad\u011bji, \u017ee novou komunistickou vl\u00e1du vyhladov\u00ed. Kanada tuto potravinovou blok\u00e1du prolomila \u2013 nyn\u00ed se v\u0161ak stala sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politiky USA a NATO.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Trumpovo zneu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed zahrani\u010dn\u00edho obchodu \u2013 neust\u00e1l\u00e1 hrozba USA zastaven\u00edm exportu, na kter\u00e9m se ostatn\u00ed zem\u011b staly z\u00e1visl\u00fdmi \u2013 vedlo \u010c\u00ednu k \u00fapln\u00e9mu zastaven\u00ed p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00fdch n\u00e1kup\u016f leto\u0161n\u00ed \u00farody s\u00f3ji z USA. \u010c\u00edna, kter\u00e1 se pochopiteln\u011b sna\u017e\u00ed vyhnout op\u011btovn\u00e9 hrozb\u011b potravinov\u00e9 blok\u00e1dy, zavedla 34% cla na dovoz s\u00f3ji z USA. V\u00fdsledkem je p\u0159esun jej\u00edho dovozu do Braz\u00edlie, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e v roce 2025 dosud ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech neprob\u011bhly \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 n\u00e1kupy. Pro americk\u00e9 zem\u011bd\u011blce je to traumatick\u00e9, proto\u017ee \u010dty\u0159i desetilet\u00ed v\u00fdvozu s\u00f3ji do \u010c\u00edny vedly k v\u00fdvozu do \u010c\u00edny obvykle v polovi\u010dn\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159e z produkce s\u00f3ji v USA; v Severn\u00ed Dakot\u011b je to 70 %.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">P\u0159esun n\u00e1kup\u016f s\u00f3ji z \u010c\u00edny do Braz\u00edlie je nevratn\u00fd, jeliko\u017e zem\u011bd\u011blci odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edm zp\u016fsobem upravili sv\u00e9 p\u011bstitelsk\u00e9 postupy. Braz\u00edlie jako \u010dlen zem\u00ed BRICS, zejm\u00e9na pod veden\u00edm prezidenta Luly, slibuje b\u00fdt mnohem spolehliv\u011bj\u0161\u00edm dodavatelem ne\u017e Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty, jejich\u017e zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politika ozna\u010dila \u010c\u00ednu za existen\u010dn\u00edho nep\u0159\u00edtele. Je nepravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee by \u010c\u00edna reagovala na slib USA obnovit norm\u00e1ln\u00ed obchod p\u0159esunem dovozu z Braz\u00edlie, proto\u017ee by to bylo pro brazilsk\u00e9 zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed traumatick\u00e9 a u\u010dinilo by z \u010c\u00edny nespolehliv\u00e9ho obchodn\u00edho partnera.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Ot\u00e1zkou tedy je, co se stane s rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdmi plochami zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 p\u016fdy ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech, kter\u00e9 byly vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny k p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00f3ji. Zem\u011bd\u011blci, kte\u0159\u00ed nejsou schopni naj\u00edt zahrani\u010dn\u00ed trhy, kter\u00e9 by nahradily \u010c\u00ednu, \u00fadajn\u011b trp\u00ed ztr\u00e1tami ve sv\u00e9 produkci s\u00f3ji, kter\u00e1 se hromad\u00ed nad st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed skladovac\u00ed kapacitu. To vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed hrozbu zabavov\u00e1n\u00ed nemovitost\u00ed a bankrot\u016f, co\u017e by vedlo k propadu cen zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 p\u016fdy. A proto\u017ee \u00farokov\u00e9 sazby u dlouhodob\u00fdch \u00fav\u011br\u016f, jako jsou hypot\u00e9ky, z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed vysok\u00e9, odrazuje to drobn\u00e9 zem\u011bd\u011blce od z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed p\u016fdy v probl\u00e9mech. To urychluje koncentraci zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 p\u016fdy v rukou velk\u00fdch finan\u010dn\u00edch fond\u016f a bohat\u00fdch jednotlivc\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Tento v\u00fdvoj je nevratn\u00fd. A\u010dkoli Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed soud prohl\u00e1sil Trumpova cla za proti\u00fastavn\u00ed, a tedy nez\u00e1konn\u00e1, zd\u00e1 se pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee by Trump mohl tato cla jednodu\u0161e prosadit prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm dvoustrann\u00e9ho, \u200b\u200bproti\u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9ho Kongresu a Sen\u00e1tu. V ka\u017ed\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b Trumpova politika p\u0159edstavuje z\u00e1sadn\u00ed posun, kvantov\u00fd skok sm\u011brem k agresivn\u00ed obchodn\u00ed politice USA.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 \u0161ance na o\u017eiven\u00ed obchodu mezi USA a \u010c\u00ednou se s\u00f3jov\u00fdmi boby nebo jin\u00fdmi \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdmi surovinami. Ani \u010c\u00edna, ani jin\u00e9 zem\u011b ohro\u017een\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed agres\u00ed USA nemohou riskovat, \u017ee se stanou z\u00e1visl\u00fdmi na americk\u00e9m trhu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Tlak na n\u00e1klady a p\u0159\u00edjmy v americk\u00e9m zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed sah\u00e1 daleko za r\u00e1mec prodeje s\u00f3ji. V\u00fdrobn\u00ed n\u00e1klady tak\u00e9 rostou v d\u016fsledku Trumpov\u00fdch cel, zejm\u00e9na na zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 stroje, hnojiva a \u00fav\u011bry, proto\u017ee se zvy\u0161uje riziko bankrotu zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch podnik\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span dir=\"auto\">Trumpova cla zvy\u0161uj\u00ed v\u00fdrobn\u00ed n\u00e1klady americk\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Trumpova celn\u00ed anarchie tak\u00e9 zp\u016fsobuje ztr\u00e1ty a propou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed 2 000 zam\u011bstnanc\u016f ve spole\u010dnosti John Deere and Company a z\u00e1rove\u0148 sni\u017euje popt\u00e1vku u dal\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdrobc\u016f zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch stroj\u016f. Nejz\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edm probl\u00e9mem je, \u017ee skl\u00edzec\u00ed stroje t\u00e9to spole\u010dnosti, stejn\u011b jako auta a v\u0161echny ostatn\u00ed stroje, jsou vyrobeny z oceli a hlin\u00edku. Trump do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry podkopal z\u00e1kladn\u00ed logiku cel \u2013 podporu konkurenceschopnosti vysoce ziskov\u00fdch, kapit\u00e1lov\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdch odv\u011btv\u00ed (zejm\u00e9na zaveden\u00fdch monopol\u016f) \u2013 minimalizac\u00ed n\u00e1klad\u016f na suroviny. Ocel a hlin\u00edk jsou z\u00e1kladn\u00ed komodity.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Tato cla zas\u00e1hla spole\u010dnost John Deere dv\u011bma zp\u016fsoby. Prodej dom\u00e1c\u00ed produkce je n\u00edzk\u00fd kv\u016fli ji\u017e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9mu poklesu p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch podnik\u016f. V\u00fdnosy kuku\u0159ice a s\u00f3ji letos prudce vzrostly, co\u017e vedlo k poklesu cen a p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch podnik\u016f. To omezuje schopnost zem\u011bd\u011blc\u016f nakupovat nov\u00e9 stroje.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Spole\u010dnost Deere dov\u00e1\u017e\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 25 procent sv\u00fdch v\u00fdrobn\u00edch komponent\u016f, jejich\u017e n\u00e1klady se kv\u016fli Trumpov\u00fdm cl\u016fm zv\u00fd\u0161ily. Obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b t\u011b\u017ece byly zasa\u017eeny v\u00fdrobn\u00ed z\u00e1vody spole\u010dnosti Deere v N\u011bmecku. Trump spole\u010dnost Deere p\u0159ekvapil sv\u00fdm rozhodnut\u00edm zav\u00e9st 50% clo na ocelovou a hlin\u00edkovou \u010d\u00e1st tohoto dovozu, a to krom\u011b 15% dovozn\u00edch cel na dovoz z EU.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">To ovliv\u0148uje i zahrani\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdrobce zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch stroj\u016f a vede k nov\u00fdm st\u00ed\u017enostem ze strany EU na Trumpova neust\u00e1l\u00e1 \u201ep\u0159ekvapen\u00ed\u201c, kter\u00fdmi posiluje sv\u016fj po\u017eadavek na \u201e\u00fastupky\u201c v\u00fdm\u011bnou za nezvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed cel na dovoz z EU.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span dir=\"auto\">Trump\u016fv boj proti rostouc\u00ed z\u00e1vislosti na rop\u011b a t\u00edm i proti glob\u00e1ln\u00edmu oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Trump odm\u00edt\u00e1 jak\u00e1koli opat\u0159en\u00ed k omezen\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00edho oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed, odstoupil od Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017esk\u00e9 dohody a zru\u0161il dotace na v\u011btrnou energii a ve\u0159ejnou dopravu. To je v\u00fdsledek lobbov\u00e1n\u00ed ropn\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu. Nejen\u017ee po\u017eadavek na kontrolu nad ropou jako kl\u00ed\u010d k prosazov\u00e1n\u00ed sankc\u00ed v zahrani\u010dn\u00edm obchodu dominuje americk\u00e9 zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politice, ale i dom\u00e1c\u00ed politice. Kr\u00e1tce po skon\u010den\u00ed druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky Los Angeles zru\u0161ilo tramvaje a donutilo sv\u00e9 obyvatele, aby se p\u0159ipojili k automobilov\u00e9 ekonomice. Dwight Eisenhower inicioval program mezist\u00e1tn\u00edch d\u00e1lnic na podporu automobilov\u00e9 dopravy \u2013 a t\u00edm i spot\u0159eby ropy.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Americk\u00e9 zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed trp\u00ed tak\u00e9 zhor\u0161uj\u00edc\u00edm se nedostatkem vody pro p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed plodin a devastac\u00ed zp\u016fsobenou povodn\u011bmi, suchy a dal\u0161\u00edmi extr\u00e9mn\u00edmi pov\u011btrnostn\u00edmi jevy. Jednou z p\u0159\u00ed\u010din je extr\u00e9mn\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed v d\u016fsledku glob\u00e1ln\u00edho oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 Trump pop\u00edr\u00e1 jako sou\u010d\u00e1st sv\u00e9 politiky podpory americk\u00e9ho ropn\u00e9ho a uheln\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu, zat\u00edmco aktivn\u011b odm\u00edt\u00e1 v\u00fdrobu energie z v\u011btrn\u00fdch a sol\u00e1rn\u00edch elektr\u00e1ren. Zru\u0161il americkou podporu Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017esk\u00e9 dohody s dal\u0161\u00edmi zem\u011bmi o dekarbonizaci glob\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdroby.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">N\u00e1klady na poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed rostou v mnoha oblastech nejv\u00edce ohro\u017een\u00fdch bou\u0159emi a z\u00e1plavami na ne\u00fanosnou \u00farove\u0148, podobn\u011b jako prudce vzrostly ro\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1klady na bydlen\u00ed v Miami a dal\u0161\u00edch floridsk\u00fdch m\u011bstech, stejn\u011b jako v ji\u017en\u00edch pohrani\u010dn\u00edch st\u00e1tech n\u00e1chyln\u00fdch k hurik\u00e1n\u016fm.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Soub\u011b\u017en\u00fdm naru\u0161en\u00edm je rostouc\u00ed cena elekt\u0159iny a tak\u00e9 nedostatek vody zp\u016fsoben\u00fd rostouc\u00ed pot\u0159ebou chlazen\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f pot\u0159ebn\u00fdch pro Trumpovu podporu automatizovan\u00e9 inteligence a kvantov\u00fdch v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016f. Rostouc\u00ed popt\u00e1vka po elekt\u0159in\u011b daleko p\u0159evy\u0161uje investi\u010dn\u00ed pl\u00e1ny energetick\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed na zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed jejich produkce. Takov\u00e9 pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed trv\u00e1 mnoho let \u2013 a tyto spole\u010dnosti jsou r\u00e1dy, \u017ee nedostatek tla\u010d\u00ed popt\u00e1vku daleko nad nab\u00eddku, co\u017e \u010din\u00ed ceny elekt\u0159iny jedn\u00edm z hlavn\u00edch faktor\u016f, kter\u00e9 zvy\u0161uj\u00ed inflaci v\u00fdrobn\u00edch n\u00e1klad\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Trump a jeho kabinet se \u010c\u00edn\u011b vysm\u00edvaj\u00ed za to, \u017ee utr\u00e1c\u00ed tolik pen\u011bz za vysokorychlostn\u00ed \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00ed dopravu. Z\u00e1padn\u00ed v\u00fdpo\u010dty ekonomick\u00e9 efektivity ignoruj\u00ed extr\u00e9mn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 d\u016fsledky rozvoje \u017eeleznic pro platebn\u00ed bilanci: Zabra\u0148uje tomu, aby \u010c\u00ed\u0148an\u00e9 byli nuceni jezdit auty s dov\u00e1\u017eenou ropou. \u010c\u00edna nem\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd dom\u00e1c\u00ed ropn\u00fd pr\u016fmysl, kter\u00fd by dominoval jej\u00edmu hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9mu pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politice. Ve skute\u010dnosti jsou jej\u00ed c\u00edle zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politiky t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se obchodu s ropou opa\u010dn\u00e9 ne\u017e c\u00edle Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span dir=\"auto\">Trumpovy sankce maj\u00ed zneu\u017e\u00edt americk\u00fd export pro jeho ur\u010den\u00e9 nep\u0159\u00e1tele<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Trumpova (a Kongresov\u00e1) hrozba sabotovat v\u00fdvoz po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdch p\u0159ep\u00edna\u010d\u016f pomoc\u00ed tajn\u00fdch \u201ekill switch\u016f\u201c, kter\u00e9 by je na z\u00e1klad\u011b americk\u00fdch objedn\u00e1vek vypnuly, p\u0159im\u011bla \u010c\u00ednu ke zru\u0161en\u00ed pl\u00e1novan\u00fdch n\u00e1kup\u016f spole\u010dnost\u00ed Nvidia. Spole\u010dnost varovala, \u017ee bez zisk\u016f z v\u00fdvozu do \u010c\u00edny nebude schopna financovat v\u00fddaje na v\u00fdzkum a v\u00fdvoj pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 k udr\u017een\u00ed konkurenceschopnosti a monopolu ve v\u00fdrob\u011b \u010dip\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Tato obchodn\u00ed politika, kter\u00e1 omezuje exportn\u00ed trhy a dovoz USA, je pouze jedn\u00edm z d\u016fvod\u016f slab\u00e9ho dolaru. Mezi dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny pat\u0159\u00ed pokles cestovn\u00edho ruchu v d\u016fsledku obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed ze strany USA, zejm\u00e9na zahrani\u010dn\u00edch student\u016f z \u010c\u00edny, na kter\u00fdch jsou americk\u00e9 univerzity z\u00e1visl\u00e9 jako na nejbohat\u0161\u00edch studentech.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Tyto trendy v platebn\u00ed bilanci mimo obchodn\u00ed sf\u00e9ru vysv\u011btluj\u00ed, pro\u010d Trumpova politika vysok\u00fdch cel, navzdory sv\u00e9mu odrazuj\u00edc\u00edmu \u00fa\u010dinku na dovoz, nepos\u00edlila kurz dolaru. Za norm\u00e1ln\u00edch okolnost\u00ed by to obchodn\u00ed bilanci zlep\u0161ilo. Trumpova v\u00e1lka proti v\u0161em ostatn\u00edm zem\u00edm (p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm jeho evropsk\u00fdm spojenc\u016fm, Japonsku a Koreji) v\u0161ak vedla k posunu v jejich z\u00e1vislosti na americk\u00e9m exportu (jako jsou s\u00f3jov\u00e9 boby) a produktech, kter\u00fdm se stav\u00ed proti, aby chr\u00e1nily svou vlastn\u00ed platebn\u00ed bilanci, nap\u0159\u00edklad prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm omezov\u00e1n\u00ed zahrani\u010dn\u00edho turismu do USA, zahrani\u010dn\u00edch student\u016f, z\u00e1vislosti na v\u00fdvozu americk\u00fdch zbran\u00ed \u2013 a co je nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm \u00faniku finan\u010dn\u00edho kapit\u00e1lu, proto\u017ee zmen\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed se dom\u00e1c\u00ed trh USA mus\u00ed sni\u017eovat zisky v zahrani\u010d\u00ed a znehodnocen\u00ed dolaru sn\u00ed\u017e\u00ed jeho hodnotu v ciz\u00ed m\u011bn\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Nav\u00edc, jeliko\u017e zem\u011b BRICS a dal\u0161\u00ed obchoduj\u00ed ve sv\u00fdch vlastn\u00edch m\u011bn\u00e1ch, jejich pot\u0159eba devizov\u00fdch rezerv denominovan\u00fdch v dolarech kles\u00e1. P\u0159ech\u00e1zej\u00ed na m\u011bny jin\u00fdch zem\u00ed a samoz\u0159ejm\u011b na zlato, jeho\u017e cena pr\u00e1v\u011b vzrostla na v\u00edce ne\u017e 3 500 dolar\u016f za unci.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span dir=\"auto\">Trump\u016fv prudk\u00fd n\u00e1r\u016fst inflace, od elekt\u0159iny a bydlen\u00ed a\u017e po pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky z hlin\u00edku a oceli nebo ty, kter\u00e9 podl\u00e9haj\u00ed vysok\u00fdm cl\u016fm na dod\u00e1vky d\u00edl\u016f a nezbytn\u00fdch vstup\u016f.<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Trumpovo rozhodnut\u00ed zav\u00e9st cla na z\u00e1kladn\u00ed vstupy, zejm\u00e9na hlin\u00edk a ocel, vede ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed cen v\u0161ech pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch produkt\u016f vyroben\u00fdch z t\u011bchto kov\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">A samoz\u0159ejm\u011b jeho cla obecn\u011b vedou k celkov\u00e9mu n\u00e1r\u016fstu cen, proto\u017ee firmy \u010dekaly s jejich zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00edm asi m\u011bs\u00edc, jeliko\u017e jejich st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1soby zbo\u017e\u00ed z \u010c\u00edny, Indie a dal\u0161\u00edch zem\u00ed byly vy\u010derp\u00e1ny.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Trumpova deportace imigrant\u016f zv\u00fd\u0161ila n\u00e1klady pro stavebnictv\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se siln\u011b spol\u00e9halo na zahrani\u010dn\u00ed pracovn\u00ed s\u00edlu \u2013 stejn\u011b jako zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed v Kalifornii a dal\u0161\u00edch st\u00e1tech b\u011bhem sklizn\u011b. Nen\u00ed jasn\u00e9, kdo, pokud v\u016fbec n\u011bkdo, tyto pracovn\u00edky nahrad\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">M\u00edsto p\u0159il\u00e1k\u00e1n\u00ed zahrani\u010dn\u00edch investic, jak Trump po\u017eadoval od Evropy a dal\u0161\u00edch \u201eobchodn\u00edch partner\u016f\u201c, u\u010dinil tento trh mnohem m\u00e9n\u011b atraktivn\u00edm. To, co ud\u011blal, je n\u00e1zornou lekc\u00ed o tom, \u010demu se ostatn\u00ed zem\u011b mus\u00ed vyhnout p\u0159i tvorb\u011b regulac\u00ed, da\u0148ov\u00fdch pravidel a obchodn\u00edch politik, aby minimalizovaly sv\u00e9 v\u00fdrobn\u00ed n\u00e1klady a staly se konkurenceschopn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span dir=\"auto\">M\u011bnov\u00e1 politika vede k prudk\u00e9mu r\u016fstu dlouhodob\u00fdch \u00farokov\u00fdch sazeb, a to i v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9 \u00farokov\u00e9 sazby klesaj\u00ed<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Dlouhodob\u00e9 \u00farokov\u00e9 sazby ur\u010duj\u00ed n\u00e1klady na hypot\u00e9ky, a t\u00edm i dostupnost bydlen\u00ed. Trumpova infla\u010dn\u00ed politika tak\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161ila \u00farokov\u00e9 sazby u dlouhodob\u00fdch dluhopis\u016f. To vedlo k tomu, \u017ee se p\u016fj\u010dky soust\u0159edily na kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9 splatnosti, co\u017e zhor\u0161ilo probl\u00e9my s restrukturalizac\u00ed dluhu v dob\u011b finan\u010dn\u00ed krize. To podkop\u00e1v\u00e1 odolnost ekonomiky.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Mnoho dov\u00e1\u017een\u00e9ho spot\u0159ebn\u00edho zbo\u017e\u00ed kupuj\u00ed superbohat\u00ed \u2013 10 % populace, kte\u0159\u00ed \u00fadajn\u011b tvo\u0159\u00ed 50 % spot\u0159ebitelsk\u00fdch v\u00fddaj\u016f. Pro n\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ceny pouze zvy\u0161uj\u00ed presti\u017e takov\u00fdch symbol\u016f statusu ok\u00e1zal\u00e9 spot\u0159eby (v\u010detn\u011b drah\u00fdch lah\u016fdek).<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong><span dir=\"auto\">Pozn\u00e1mky<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><span dir=\"auto\">Alan Rappeport a Tim Gruber, \u201e\u010c\u00ednsk\u00e1 ignorace americk\u00fdch s\u00f3jov\u00fdch bob\u016f vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed krizi pro zem\u011bd\u011blce\u201c,\u00a0<\/span><em><span dir=\"auto\">The New York Times<\/span><\/em><span dir=\"auto\">\u00a0, 16. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2025.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span dir=\"auto\">Kevin Draper, \u201eJohn Deere selh\u00e1v\u00e1, farm\u00e1\u0159i se pot\u00fdkaj\u00ed s probl\u00e9my\u201c ,\u00a0<\/span><em><span dir=\"auto\">The New York Times<\/span><\/em><span dir=\"auto\">\u00a0, 15. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2025.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><span dir=\"auto\">Od Michaela Hudsona<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8c57238 quelle dc-has-condition dc-condition-empty elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8c57238\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.unz.com\/mhudson\/trumps-destruction-of-us-economy-starting-with-agriculture\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span dir=\"auto\">Zdroj<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-86927 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/letak-volby-2025-konference-3-212x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"824\" height=\"1166\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/letak-volby-2025-konference-3-212x300.png 212w, https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/letak-volby-2025-konference-3-724x1024.png 724w, https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/letak-volby-2025-konference-3-768x1086.png 768w, https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/letak-volby-2025-konference-3-1086x1536.png 1086w, https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/letak-volby-2025-konference-3-1448x2048.png 1448w, https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/letak-volby-2025-konference-3-1024x1448.png 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 824px) 100vw, 824px\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Trump vyvolal krizi v americk\u00e9m zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed t\u00edm, \u017ee zneu\u017eil obchod s \u010c\u00ednou a Ruskem ve&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":88728,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,59,452,37,104],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/88727"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=88727"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/88727\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/88728"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=88727"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=88727"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=88727"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}