{"id":88690,"date":"2025-09-27T05:34:59","date_gmt":"2025-09-27T03:34:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=88690"},"modified":"2025-09-27T05:34:59","modified_gmt":"2025-09-27T03:34:59","slug":"uriel-araujo-jaderne-polsko-mezi-zastupcem-a-atomovou-energii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/09\/27\/uriel-araujo-jaderne-polsko-mezi-zastupcem-a-atomovou-energii\/","title":{"rendered":"Uriel Araujo: Jadern\u00e9 Polsko? Mezi z\u00e1stupcem a atomovou energi\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Polsk\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed o jadern\u00e9 zbran\u011b, podpo\u0159en\u00e9 uji\u0161t\u011bn\u00edmi USA, si klade za c\u00edl upevnit jeho roli jako protirusk\u00e9 ba\u0161ty Evropy a z\u00e1rove\u0148 zpochybnit dominanci N\u011bmecka. Tento nedostate\u010dn\u011b informovan\u00fd posun riskuje o\u017eiven\u00ed konfedera\u010dn\u00edch rozhovor\u016f s Ukrajinou a \u201ezahn\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c Moskvy do kouta, co\u017e by mohlo ohrozit katastrofickou eskalaci. Je to hazard s vysok\u00fdmi s\u00e1zkami, kter\u00fd by mohl rozd\u011blit EU a v nejlep\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b v\u00e9st ke vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9mu zni\u010den\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Polsk\u00fd prezident Karol Nawrocki ned\u00e1vno v rozhovoru pro francouzskou televizi LCI\u00a0<\/span>prohl\u00e1sil<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, \u017ee \u201ePolsko by m\u011blo b\u00fdt sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed programu sd\u00edlen\u00ed jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed, m\u011blo by m\u00edt vlastn\u00ed jadern\u00e9 kapacity: energetick\u00e9 a vojensk\u00e9\u201c v r\u00e1mci \u201epolsko-francouzsk\u00e9ho partnerstv\u00ed\u201c. Nawrocki dodal, \u017ee Var\u0161ava by v budoucnu mohla \u201evyv\u00edjet vlastn\u00ed polsk\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 zbran\u011b\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tato pon\u011bkud podce\u0148ovan\u00e1\u00a0<\/span>v\u00fdzva k programu\u00a0<\/span><\/a>sd\u00edlen\u00ed jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0NATO\u00a0je v jist\u00e9m smyslu v souladu s americk\u00fdmi\u00a0<\/span>uji\u0161t\u011bn\u00edmi<\/span><\/a>\u00a0Polsku a Estonsku ohledn\u011b pos\u00edlen\u00ed obrany Pobalt\u00ed. Nav\u00edc tento v\u00fdvoj ve skute\u010dnosti signalizuje z\u00e1sadn\u00ed posun: Var\u0161ava se ji\u017e nespokojuje s konven\u010dn\u00edmi zbran\u011bmi, ale jadern\u00e9 kapacity pova\u017euje za z\u00e1kladn\u00ed k\u00e1men bezpe\u010dnosti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ji\u017e v \u010dervnu 2023 tehdej\u0161\u00ed premi\u00e9r Mateusz Morawiecki vyj\u00e1d\u0159il\u00a0<\/span>z\u00e1jem<\/span><\/a>\u00a0Var\u0161avy o um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed NATO v r\u00e1mci politiky sd\u00edlen\u00ed jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed Aliance. A lze si p\u0159ipomenout, \u017ee\u00a0<\/span>za\u010d\u00e1tek roku 2025<\/span><\/a>\u00a0p\u0159ipravil p\u016fdu pro dne\u0161ek, kdy tehdej\u0161\u00ed prezident Andrzej Duda\u00a0<\/span>nal\u00e9hal na<\/span><\/a>\u00a0americk\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 hlavice na polsk\u00e9 p\u016fd\u011b, aby se NATO posunulo na v\u00fdchod, zat\u00edmco premi\u00e9r Donald Tusk parlamentu\u00a0<\/span>\u0159ekl<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, \u017ee Var\u0161ava mus\u00ed \u201evyu\u017e\u00edt p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed souvisej\u00edc\u00edch s jadern\u00fdmi zbran\u011bmi\u201c v \u201ez\u00e1vodu o bezpe\u010dnost\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uprost\u0159ed pochybnost\u00ed o transatlantick\u00e9m \u201ep\u0159\u00e1telstv\u00ed\u201c tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed v tv\u00e1\u0159 prezidentstv\u00ed Donalda Trumpa ve Washingtonu tato prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed odhaluj\u00ed, do jak\u00e9 m\u00edry Polsko usiluje o hlub\u0161\u00ed geopolitickou hru.<\/span><\/p>\n

Var\u0161ava se l\u00e9ta tr\u00e1pila ve st\u00ednu N\u011bmecka, ekonomick\u00e9ho giganta EU. Ve skute\u010dnosti nap\u011bt\u00ed p\u0159erostlo v rivalitu, jak jsem ji\u017e\u00a0<\/span>psal<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, a odhalilo tak trhliny v jednot\u011b Z\u00e1padu. V roce 2023 Polsko zablokovalo dovoz ukrajinsk\u00e9ho obil\u00ed, \u010d\u00edm\u017e podkopalo m\u00edrn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed postoj Berl\u00edna v\u016f\u010di Kyjevu, a z\u00e1rove\u0148 investovalo miliardy do posilov\u00e1n\u00ed arm\u00e1dy, aby p\u0159edb\u011bhlo n\u011bmeck\u00e9 v\u00fddaje.<\/span><\/p>\n

Var\u0161avsk\u00e1 obvin\u011bn\u00ed z n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho \u201epokrytectv\u00ed\u201c v ot\u00e1zk\u00e1ch energetiky a migrace upevnila jej\u00ed roli jako\u017eto protirusk\u00e9 ba\u0161ty Evropy. Polsk\u00e1 elita tak vn\u00edm\u00e1 jadern\u00e9 mo\u017enosti jako cestu k autonomii, a t\u00edm odsunuje vliv Berl\u00edna na vedlej\u0161\u00ed kolej.<\/span><\/p>\n

USA, v\u017edycky loutk\u00e1\u0159i, tyto ambice pom\u011brn\u011b dost \u0161ikovn\u011b p\u0159i\u017eivuj\u00ed a Polsko vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed jako z\u00e1stupce, kter\u00fd nese b\u0159emeno zadr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed. To umo\u017e\u0148uje Washingtonu p\u0159iklonit se k Asii (nebo k\u00a0<\/span>neo-monroeistick\u00e9mu<\/span><\/a>\u00a0hnut\u00ed \u201eAmerika na prvn\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b\u201c nebo \u010demukoli jin\u00e9mu), zat\u00edmco Var\u0161ava hraje roli vynucovatele v prvn\u00ed linii. Polsko s jadern\u00fdmi zbran\u011bmi by tomuto sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159i odpov\u00eddalo, a\u0165 u\u017e prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm programu sd\u00edlen\u00ed zbran\u00ed NATO nebo rozhovor\u016f o odstra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed s Franci\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sta\u010d\u00ed \u0159\u00edct, \u017ee takov\u00e9 kroky jsou v rozporu s duchem Smlouvy o ne\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed, ale jsou v souladu s americk\u00fdm selektivn\u00edm pokrytectv\u00edm, kter\u00e9 je opakovan\u011b vid\u011bt u\u00a0<\/span>p\u00e1kist\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho arzen\u00e1lu<\/span><\/a>\u00a0i jinde.<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u016fsledky se \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed i za hranice Var\u0161avy. Polsko s jadern\u00fdmi zbran\u011bmi by v\u00fdrazn\u011b pos\u00edlilo jeho snahu o veden\u00ed a potenci\u00e1ln\u011b by upevnilo vztahy s Ukrajinou. \u010clov\u011bk si m\u016f\u017ee vzpomenout na rozhovory o ukrajinsko-polsk\u00e9 konfederaci v roce 2022 uprost\u0159ed protirusk\u00e9ho z\u00e1palu, k t\u00e9matu, ke kter\u00e9mu jsem se\u00a0tehdy tak\u00e9\u00a0<\/span>vyjad\u0159oval .<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Do roku 2024 se objevilo nap\u011bt\u00ed \u2013 pol\u0161t\u00ed farm\u00e1\u0159i blokovali hranice kv\u016fli ukrajinsk\u00e9mu obil\u00ed a\u00a0<\/span>krajn\u011b pravicov\u00e9<\/span><\/a>\u00a0hlasy po\u017eadovaly repatriaci Ukrajinc\u016f v brann\u00e9m v\u011bku, uprost\u0159ed spole\u010dn\u00fdch v\u00fdzev k ukon\u010den\u00ed d\u00e1vek pro ukrajinsk\u00e9 uprchl\u00edky. Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed pakty z roku 2024 v\u0161ak Polsku umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>zachycovat<\/span><\/a>\u00a0rusk\u00e9 rakety a drony nad Ukrajinou, by\u0165\u00a0<\/span>podm\u00edn\u011bn\u011b<\/span><\/a>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00e1lo se informuje o tom, jak by jadern\u00e9 ambice mohly o\u017eivit takov\u00e9 konfedera\u010dn\u00ed my\u0161lenky, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e Polsko usiluje o blok \u201e\u00a0<\/span>T\u0159\u00ed mo\u0159\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u201c jako protiv\u00e1hu Rusku (a mimochodem i N\u011bmecku), a t\u00edm zvy\u0161uje hrozbu\u00a0<\/span>rozkol\u016f<\/span><\/a>\u00a0v EU . Var\u0161avsk\u00fd\u00a0<\/span>summit<\/span><\/a>\u00a03SI byl mnoh\u00fdmi vn\u00edm\u00e1n jako potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed platforma pro integraci jadern\u00fdch projekt\u016f, jako jsou mal\u00e9\u00a0<\/span>modul\u00e1rn\u00ed reaktory<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, a bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed pakty, kter\u00e9 by o\u017eivily blokov\u00e9 ambice pod rou\u0161kou \u201esjednocen\u00e9 Evropy\u201c proti Moskv\u011b.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Z rusk\u00e9ho pohledu by jadern\u00e9 Polsko p\u0159edstavovalo existen\u010dn\u00ed \u010dervenou linii, podobnou snaze Ukrajiny o vstup do NATO. Rusko vn\u00edm\u00e1 Polsko jako revan\u0161istickou hrozbu a kroky Var\u0161avy v roce 2023 na z\u00e1pad\u011b Ukrajiny p\u0159i\u017eivuj\u00ed obavy\u00a0<\/span>z obkl\u00ed\u010den\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Polsk\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v takov\u00fdch jadern\u00fdch sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u00edch by tak mohla b\u00fdt, m\u00edrn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, hlavn\u00edm zdrojem nap\u011bt\u00ed. Polsk\u00e1 elita to naz\u00fdv\u00e1 odstra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm, ale rusk\u00fd arzen\u00e1l\u00a0<\/span>zast\u00edn\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0evropsk\u00e9 z\u00e1soby NATO a jak\u00e9koli \u201ev\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed\u201c v nejlep\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b vede ke vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9mu zni\u010den\u00ed. Stoj\u00ed za zm\u00ednku, \u017ee Moskva ji\u017e\u00a0koncem roku 2024\u00a0<\/span>sn\u00ed\u017eila sv\u016fj jadern\u00fd pr\u00e1h.<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Americk\u00e1 snaha p\u0159esunout ukrajinsk\u00e9 \u201eb\u0159emeno\u201c\u00a0<\/span>na Evropu<\/span><\/a>\u00a0tato nebezpe\u010d\u00ed zesiluje. I kdy\u017e Trump nyn\u00ed tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee by Ukrajina mohla \u201eznovu z\u00edskat\u201c sporn\u00e1 \u00fazem\u00ed, drobn\u00e9 p\u00edsmo ukazuje, \u017ee evrop\u0161t\u00ed da\u0148ov\u00ed poplatn\u00edci plat\u00ed \u00fa\u010det za zbrojen\u00ed, jak jsem ned\u00e1vno\u00a0<\/span>poznamenal<\/span><\/a>\u00a0. Polsk\u00e1 agentura RARS je mezit\u00edm\u00a0<\/span>pod drobnohledem EU<\/span><\/a>\u00a0kv\u016fli p\u0159edra\u017een\u00fdm zak\u00e1zk\u00e1m z roku 2024.<\/span><\/p>\n

V tomto okam\u017eiku se 283 miliard dolar\u016f, kter\u00e9 Washington poskytl Kyjevu, pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b vymyk\u00e1\u00a0<\/span>z\u00e1vazk\u016fm<\/span><\/a>\u00a0EU , p\u0159esto Trump po\u017eaduje, aby Evropa platila v\u00edce,\u00a0<\/span>co\u017e je odrazem<\/span><\/a>\u00a0d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch st\u00ed\u017enost\u00ed na \u201edareb\u00e1ky\u201c. Tolik k rozd\u011blen\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee; Polsko, dychtiv\u00fd z\u00e1stupce, absorbuje n\u00e1klady a rizika. Tuskova\u00a0<\/span>v\u00fdzva<\/span><\/a>\u00a0k 500 000\u010dlenn\u00e9 arm\u00e1d\u011b a\u00a0<\/span>jadern\u00fdm mo\u017enostem<\/span><\/a>\u00a0s pouh\u00fdmi\u00a0<\/span>10 000 americk\u00fdmi voj\u00e1ky<\/span><\/a>\u00a0jako symbolick\u00fdm \u0161t\u00edtem, to jen odhaluje.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trumpova podpora Polska (a\u00a0mimochodem Estonska) je\u00a0<\/span>dnes klasick\u00fdm n\u00e1strojem k \u201e\u00a0<\/span><\/a>zastra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u201c protivn\u00edk\u016f, kdy se \u201espojenci\u201c pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed k postr\u010den\u00ed Moskvy \u2013 co\u017e je, tak\u0159\u00edkaj\u00edc, charakteristick\u00fdm znakem jeho dr\u017een\u00ed se na pokraji krize.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tato situace je dostate\u010dn\u011b provokativn\u00ed na to, aby nadchla jest\u0159\u00e1by, ale v mnoha ohledech sm\u011b\u0159uje ke katastrof\u011b, co\u017e je region sm\u011b\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed k eskalaci. Polsk\u00e1 jadern\u00e1 cesta nen\u00ed obrann\u00fdm reflexem, ale snahou o o\u017eiven\u00ed velmoci, kterou podn\u011bcuj\u00ed USA, je\u017e tou\u017e\u00ed po \u201edelegaci\u201c. Z polsk\u00e9ho pohledu je toto l\u00e1kadlo \u2013 odstra\u0161en\u00ed, kontrola n\u011bmeck\u00e9 rivality, z\u00fa\u017een\u00ed orbity Ukrajiny \u2013 jasn\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0159esto nebezpe\u010d\u00ed \u2013 trhliny v alianc\u00edch a fisk\u00e1ln\u00ed tlak; nemluv\u011b o \u201ezahn\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c Moskvy do kouta \u2013 z toho \u010din\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u011b nebezpe\u010dnou s\u00e1zku. A historie takov\u00e9 s\u00e1zky jen z\u0159\u00eddka odpou\u0161t\u00ed. Polsk\u00fd \u201ez\u00e1vod o bezpe\u010dnost\u201c ve skute\u010dnosti riskuje pr\u00e1v\u011b tu v\u00e1lku, kter\u00e9 se \u00fadajn\u011b sna\u017e\u00ed odvr\u00e1tit.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uriel Araujo, PhD.<\/a> v oboru antropologie, je soci\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u011bdec specializuj\u00edc\u00ed se na etnick\u00e9 a n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 konflikty s rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdm v\u00fdzkumem geopolitick\u00e9 dynamiky a kulturn\u00edch interakc\u00ed.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Polsk\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed o jadern\u00e9 zbran\u011b, podpo\u0159en\u00e9 uji\u0161t\u011bn\u00edmi USA, si klade za c\u00edl upevnit jeho roli…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":88691,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,1069,31],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/88690"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=88690"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/88690\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/88691"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=88690"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=88690"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=88690"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}