{"id":88465,"date":"2025-09-24T04:03:14","date_gmt":"2025-09-24T02:03:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=88465"},"modified":"2025-09-24T04:03:14","modified_gmt":"2025-09-24T02:03:14","slug":"evropa-v-krizi-eu-usiluje-o-expanzi-ale-dokaze-se-skutecne-rozsirit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/09\/24\/evropa-v-krizi-eu-usiluje-o-expanzi-ale-dokaze-se-skutecne-rozsirit\/","title":{"rendered":"Evropa v krizi: EU usiluje o expanzi, ale dok\u00e1\u017ee se skute\u010dn\u011b roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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S Ukrajinou, Balk\u00e1nem a dokonce i Kavkazem na radaru EU \u010del\u00ed paradoxu: roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed jako strategie m\u016f\u017ee prohloubit vnit\u0159n\u00ed trhliny v Evrop\u011b a odhalit hlub\u0161\u00ed zranitelnosti Z\u00e1padu.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Minist\u0159i Evropsk\u00e9 unie ned\u00e1vno\u00a0<\/span>znovu potvrdili<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, \u017ee roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 \u201enejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed prioritou\u201c navzdory rostouc\u00edm v\u00fdzv\u00e1m bloku. R\u00e9torika expanze samoz\u0159ejm\u011b nen\u00ed nic nov\u00e9ho. Nov\u00e9 je v\u0161ak to, do jak\u00e9 m\u00edry se tato mantra nyn\u00ed st\u0159et\u00e1v\u00e1 s drsnou realitou: hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdm poklesem, rozt\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u011bnou energetickou krajinou a geopolitickou reorientac\u00ed sv\u011bta. Paradox snahy o roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed a z\u00e1rove\u0148 vnit\u0159n\u00edho chaosu by mohl definovat p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed desetilet\u00ed Unie.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ned\u00e1vn\u00e1 Bruegelova\u00a0<\/span>zpr\u00e1va<\/span><\/a>\u00a0odhaluje struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed dilemata. Studie poukazuje na rostouc\u00ed fragmentaci glob\u00e1ln\u00edho obchodu, vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ceny energi\u00ed a oslabenou konkurenceschopnost. Varuje, \u017ee Evrop\u011b hroz\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed zaost\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v oblasti inovac\u00ed a produktivity, zejm\u00e9na v\u016f\u010di \u010c\u00edn\u011b a tak\u00e9 USA.<\/span><\/p>\n

V kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9m horizontu dokument identifikuje vystaven\u00ed naru\u0161en\u00ed dodavatelsk\u00e9ho \u0159et\u011bzce a p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed inflaci. Ve st\u0159edn\u011bdob\u00e9m horizontu m\u016f\u017ee Evropa \u010delit tlak\u016fm na \u201e\u00a0<\/span>sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed rizik<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u201c, kter\u00e9 omezuj\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ci s jej\u00edmi nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edmi sousedy a obchodn\u00edmi partnery. Auto\u0159i proto doporu\u010duj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed fisk\u00e1ln\u00ed koordinaci, v\u00edce investic do zelen\u00e9 a digit\u00e1ln\u00ed transformace a \u201estrategickou autonomii\u201c. \u010clov\u011bk si v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159ipomenout, \u017ee \u201estrategick\u00e1 autonomie\u201c, jak jsem ji\u017e d\u0159\u00edve\u00a0<\/span>poznamenal<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, je evropskou mantrou ji\u017e l\u00e9ta, a zat\u00edm se toho moc nevid\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ve skute\u010dnosti samotn\u00e9 roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed tato rizika zhor\u0161uje. Jednak u\u017e jen samotn\u00e1 \u0159e\u010d o integraci Ukrajiny v t\u00e9to f\u00e1zi odhaluje rozpory Unie. Kyjev po Majdanu se v\u0161emi\u00a0<\/span>probl\u00e9my s ob\u010dansk\u00fdmi pr\u00e1vy etnick\u00fdch men\u0161in<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, jak u\u017e n\u011bkolik let diskutuji, usiloval o\u00a0<\/span>etnokratick\u00fd<\/span><\/a>\u00a0projekt budov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1roda.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tato dostate\u010dn\u011b p\u0159ehl\u00ed\u017een\u00e1 skute\u010dnost\u00a0<\/span>podkop\u00e1v\u00e1<\/span><\/a>\u00a0samotn\u00fd diskurz o lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1vech, kter\u00fd Evropa pova\u017euje za sv\u016fj raison d’\u00eatre. Ohro\u017euje p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed samotn\u00e9 Evropy, alespo\u0148 tak, jak si ji z\u00e1padn\u00ed Evropa p\u0159edstavuje. T\u00edm, \u017ee Brusel nekriticky v\u00edt\u00e1 Kyjev, riskuje, \u017ee vyvr\u00e1t\u00ed sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed m\u00fdty.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mezit\u00edm se Washington, zejm\u00e9na za prezidentstv\u00ed Donalda Trumpa, neost\u00fdchal pohodln\u011b p\u0159esunout \u201e\u00a0<\/span>b\u0159emeno<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u201c Ukrajiny na Evropany. Ameri\u010dt\u00ed politici se ji\u017e netaj\u00ed t\u00edm, \u017ee \u201earzen\u00e1l demokracie\u201c se vy\u010derp\u00e1v\u00e1; nyn\u00ed o\u010dek\u00e1vaj\u00ed, \u017ee EU bude financovat kyjevsk\u00fd st\u00e1t a arm\u00e1du.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tento posun se shoduje s americk\u00fdm ekonomick\u00fdm nacionalismem \u2013 sta\u010d\u00ed se pod\u00edvat na z\u00e1kon o sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed inflace, dota\u010dn\u00ed v\u00e1lku, kter\u00e1 podkop\u00e1v\u00e1 evropsk\u00fd\u00a0<\/span>pr\u016fmysl<\/span><\/a>\u00a0a z\u00e1rove\u0148 prosazuje americk\u00e9 energetick\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy. Americkou hegemonii nad Evropou lze, jak jsem ji\u017e uvedl, ch\u00e1pat jako koloni\u00e1ln\u00ed: z t\u00e9to perspektivy se mnoho v\u011bc\u00ed vyjasn\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u010clov\u011bk si skute\u010dn\u011b m\u016f\u017ee vzpomenout, \u017ee v roce 2008 na\u00a0<\/span>summitu NATO v Bukure\u0161ti<\/span><\/a>\u00a0Washington navzdory varov\u00e1n\u00edm Merkelov\u00e9 a Sarkozyho prosadil prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed, \u017ee Ukrajina a Gruzie \u201ese stanou \u010dleny NATO\u201c. D\u016fsledky byly rychl\u00e9: rusko-gruz\u00ednsk\u00e1 v\u00e1lka, n\u00e1sledovan\u00e1 ukrajinskou kriz\u00ed v letech 2014 a\u00a0<\/span>2022<\/span><\/a>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

A p\u0159esto paradoxn\u011b, i kdy\u017e NATO postupovalo na v\u00fdchod, se rusko-evropsk\u00e1 energetick\u00e1 spolupr\u00e1ce prohlubovala \u2013 a\u017e do vyhozen\u00ed Nord Streamu do pov\u011bt\u0159\u00ed, co\u017e mnoz\u00ed opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u011b pova\u017euj\u00ed za sabot\u00e1\u017e<\/span><\/a>\u00a0zorganizovanou USA\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jak si Evropan\u00e9 mohou dovolit takovou katastrofu? Pro\u010d se nepostav\u00ed Washingtonu? Odpov\u011b\u010f m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt docela jednoduch\u00e1. John Mearsheimer, politolog z Chicagsk\u00e9 univerzity, to vyj\u00e1d\u0159il bez obalu: \u201eSpojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty \u0159\u00edd\u00ed NATO a Evropan\u00e9 d\u011blaj\u00ed, co jim \u0159\u00edk\u00e1me\u201c (viz video\u00a0<\/span>zde<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b v 1:59).<\/span><\/p>\n

A\u0165 je to jakkoli, sv\u00edzeln\u00e1 situace EU se net\u00fdk\u00e1 jen Ukrajiny. Brexit nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159ipravil blok o druhou nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ekonomiku a jednoho z jeho vojensk\u00fdch t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdch hr\u00e1\u010d\u016f. Zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 zni\u010den\u00ed Nord Streamu zanechalo kontinent z\u00e1visl\u00fd na p\u0159edra\u017een\u00e9m americk\u00e9m LNG, zat\u00edmco pr\u016fmyslov\u00e1 konkurenceschopnost se sni\u017euje.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u011bmeck\u00fd pr\u016fmysl, kdysi motor EU, je obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b ohro\u017een\u00fd. Samotn\u00e1 Bruegelova zpr\u00e1va nazna\u010duje novou evropskou zranitelnost: deindustrializaci spojenou s rostouc\u00edm fisk\u00e1ln\u00edm tlakem. Nen\u00ed divu, \u017ee se nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d kontinentem oz\u00fdvaj\u00ed hlasy ob\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed se dlouhodob\u00e9ho \u00fapadku.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pravdou je, \u017ee krize EU odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1padn\u00ed neduhy. NATO, kter\u00e9 je ji\u017e tak p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00e9, \u010del\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u00fdm vnit\u0159n\u00edm trhlin\u00e1m v podob\u011b \u201e\u00a0<\/span>tureck\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky \u201c,\u00a0<\/span><\/a>korup\u010dn\u00edch skand\u00e1l\u016f<\/span><\/a>\u00a0organizovan\u00e9ho zlo\u010dinu\u00a0a mnoha dal\u0161\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f. Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty, a\u010dkoli jsou st\u00e1le dominantn\u00ed, jsou dostate\u010dn\u011b zanepr\u00e1zdn\u011bny vnit\u0159n\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>polarizac\u00ed a\u00a0<\/span><\/a>chaosem<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u201ehlubok\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu\u201c\u00a0: jejich realitou je p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00e9 imp\u00e9rium.<\/span><\/p>\n

Evropa, p\u0159ipoutan\u00e1 k Washingtonu, ale neschopn\u00e1 definovat si vlastn\u00ed cestu, tak zt\u011bles\u0148uje rozpory Z\u00e1padu v 21. stolet\u00ed. Expanze se za t\u011bchto podm\u00ednek jev\u00ed sp\u00ed\u0161e jako pom\u00fdlen\u00e9 imperi\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00ed ne\u017e strategick\u00e1 p\u0159edv\u00eddavost.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tolik k r\u00e9torice o roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed. Co to znamen\u00e1 v praxi? Znamen\u00e1 to, \u017ee Brusel se \u00fa\u010dastn\u00ed nejen Ukrajiny, ale i\u00a0<\/span>Balk\u00e1nu<\/span><\/a>\u00a0a dokonce i\u00a0<\/span>Kavkazu<\/span><\/a>\u00a0. P\u0159ijet\u00ed st\u00e1t\u016f s nevy\u0159e\u0161en\u00fdmi konflikty, k\u0159ehk\u00fdmi institucemi a pochybnou histori\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00edho st\u00e1tu (jako je tomu dnes v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b Ukrajiny) by v\u0161ak jen prohloubilo k\u0159ehkost bloku. Studie Bruegela varuje p\u0159ed riziky fragmentovan\u00e9 glob\u00e1ln\u00ed spr\u00e1vy v\u011bc\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch; ironicky, roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed EU riskuje fragmentaci samotn\u00e9 Unie.<\/span><\/p>\n

Diskuse o roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed se nav\u00edc stala n\u00e1hra\u017ekou skute\u010dn\u00fdch reforem. Hovory o \u201eabsorpci\u201c nov\u00fdch \u010dlen\u016f umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed l\u00eddr\u016fm vyhnout se diskusi o samotn\u00e9 erozi evropsk\u00e9ho soci\u00e1ln\u00edho modelu, kolapsu energetick\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti a poklesu pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 konkurenceschopnosti. Roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed je prezentov\u00e1no jako nevyhnuteln\u00e9, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se odv\u00e1d\u00ed pozornost od reality, \u017ee blok v jeho sou\u010dasn\u00e9 podob\u011b nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt udr\u017eiteln\u00fd.<\/span><\/p>\n

Cicero \u00fadajn\u011b \u0159ekl: \u201e\u010c\u00edm bl\u00ed\u017e je kolaps Imp\u00e9ria, t\u00edm \u0161\u00edlen\u011bj\u0161\u00ed jsou jeho z\u00e1kony.\u201c Evropa, kter\u00e1 nedok\u00e1\u017ee br\u00e1nit sv\u00e1 potrub\u00ed, udr\u017eet si sv\u00e9 \u010dleny nebo zachovat svou pr\u016fmyslovou z\u00e1kladnu, je v krizi. Posedlost EU roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00edm v tomto sv\u011btle nen\u00ed zn\u00e1mkou s\u00edly, ale slabosti, nebo dokonce \u0161\u00edlenstv\u00ed \u2013 zoufal\u00e9ho a nenasytn\u00e9ho pokusu projevit se a z\u00e1rove\u0148 ztr\u00e1cet p\u016fdu pod nohama.<\/span><\/p>\n

Krize evropsk\u00e9ho bloku, kter\u00e1 se odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed v chaosu samotn\u00e9ho NATO, odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1padn\u00ed neduh: civilizaci, kter\u00e1 se stala z\u00e1vislou na sloganech, neschopnou skute\u010dn\u00e9 suverenity a uv\u011bzn\u011bnou v gravita\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edle hegemonn\u00edho \u201espojence\u201c, kter\u00fd se chov\u00e1 sp\u00ed\u0161e jako koloni\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u00e1n \u2013 a kter\u00fd by nyn\u00ed mohl sledovat svou vlastn\u00ed (dostate\u010dn\u011b nevyzpytatelnou) cestu. Sp\u00ed\u0161e by se \u010dlov\u011bk m\u011bl pt\u00e1t: expanze do \u010deho a za jakou cenu?<\/span><\/p>\n

Uriel Araujo, PhD<\/a>. v oboru antropologie, je soci\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u011bdec specializuj\u00edc\u00ed se na etnick\u00e9 a n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 konflikty s rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdm v\u00fdzkumem geopolitick\u00e9 dynamiky a kulturn\u00edch interakc\u00ed<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

S Ukrajinou, Balk\u00e1nem a dokonce i Kavkazem na radaru EU \u010del\u00ed paradoxu: roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed jako strategie…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":88466,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,283,2181,371,276],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/88465"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=88465"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/88465\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/88466"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=88465"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=88465"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=88465"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}