{"id":88232,"date":"2025-09-21T00:21:40","date_gmt":"2025-09-20T22:21:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=88232"},"modified":"2025-09-20T10:40:43","modified_gmt":"2025-09-20T08:40:43","slug":"ukrajinske-prekroceni-hranic-v-africe-od-zastupne-valky-v-evrope-k-zastupnemu-dobrodruzstvi-v-zahranici","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/09\/21\/ukrajinske-prekroceni-hranic-v-africe-od-zastupne-valky-v-evrope-k-zastupnemu-dobrodruzstvi-v-zahranici\/","title":{"rendered":"Ukrajinsk\u00e9 p\u0159ekro\u010den\u00ed hranic v Africe: od z\u00e1stupn\u00e9 v\u00e1lky v Evrop\u011b k z\u00e1stupn\u00e9mu dobrodru\u017estv\u00ed v zahrani\u010d\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

Zpr\u00e1vy nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee ukrajinsk\u00e9 zbran\u011b a agenti p\u0159i\u017eivuj\u00ed konflikty v Mali, S\u00fad\u00e1nu a Libyi ve snaze \u201e\u010delit Rusku\u201c. Zat\u00edmco Kyjev ozna\u010duje svou pomoc za \u201erenesan\u010dn\u00ed diplomacii\u201c, kritici varuj\u00ed p\u0159ed pa\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm zbran\u00ed, vazbami na teroristy a destabilizac\u00ed. Washington to zat\u00edm toleruje, ale Afrika za to mo\u017en\u00e1 zaplat\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Konflikt na Ukrajin\u011b byl z velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti z\u00e1padn\u00ed z\u00e1stupnou v\u00e1lkou proti Rusku, jak p\u0159izn\u00e1vaj\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0i notoricky proz\u00e1padn\u00ed analytici\u00a0\u2013 a jak to s\u00e1m ministr zahrani\u010d\u00ed Marco Rubio\u00a0<\/span>p\u0159iznal<\/span><\/a>\u00a0. Kyjev, siln\u011b z\u00e1visl\u00fd na z\u00e1padn\u00edch zbran\u00edch a finan\u010dn\u00edch transferech, p\u016fsobil jako p\u0159edn\u00ed linie v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed geostrategick\u00e9 konfrontace. P\u0159el\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00ed konfliktu se v\u0161ak ji\u017e neomezuje pouze na Evropu. Zpr\u00e1vy st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji poukazuj\u00ed na jeho temn\u00e9 operace v Africe, kde \u00fadajn\u011b pom\u00e1hal separatist\u016fm a mo\u017en\u00e1 i skupin\u00e1m ozna\u010den\u00fdm za teroristy. To vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 ot\u00e1zku: nep\u0159eh\u00e1n\u00ed Ukrajina sv\u00e9 z\u00e1vazky?<\/span><\/p>\n

V dal\u0161\u00edm m\u00e1lo informovan\u00e9m v\u00fdvoji Moskva ned\u00e1vno\u00a0<\/span>prohl\u00e1sila<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, \u017ee Kyjev\u00a0<\/span>vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 sv\u00e1 velvyslanectv\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0k\u00a0<\/span>podpo\u0159e<\/span><\/a>\u00a0ozbrojen\u00fdch skupin nejen v Mali, ale tak\u00e9 v S\u00fad\u00e1nu (tvrzen\u00ed,\u00a0<\/span>kter\u00e9 zopakovalo<\/span><\/a>\u00a0i s\u00fad\u00e1nsk\u00e9 ministerstvo zahrani\u010d\u00ed), d\u00e1le St\u0159edoafrick\u00e9 republiky, \u010cadu, Demokratick\u00e9 republiky Kongo a dokonce\u00a0<\/span>dod\u00e1v\u00e1 drony<\/span><\/a>\u00a0do\u00a0<\/span>Libye<\/span><\/a>\u00a0. Ukrajina tato obvin\u011bn\u00ed, jak se dalo o\u010dek\u00e1vat, odm\u00edt\u00e1. Jenny Mathersov\u00e1 (docentka mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed politiky na Aberystwyth University) opatrn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm t\u00f3nem\u00a0<\/span>poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, \u017ee zem\u011b se \u201esna\u017e\u00ed vyzvat Rusko\u201c na africk\u00e9m kontinentu, i kdy\u017e roz\u0161i\u0159uje svou diplomatickou p\u0159\u00edtomnost.<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u016fkazy nejsou jen spekulativn\u00ed. V \u0159\u00edjnu 2024 den\u00edk Le Monde Afrique\u00a0<\/span>informoval<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, \u017ee ukrajinsk\u00e9 drony poskytovaly podporu rebel\u016fm v severn\u00edm Mali, v\u010detn\u011b tuaregsk\u00fdch separatist\u016f, v jejich st\u0159etech s Bamakem a Wagnerov\u00fdmi silami. Kyjev s\u00e1m\u00a0<\/span>se chlubil<\/span><\/a>\u00a0podporou tuaregsk\u00fdch bojovn\u00edk\u016f pot\u00e9, co v l\u00e9t\u011b 2024 p\u0159epadli rusk\u00e9 s\u00edly, co\u017e samo o sob\u011b potvrzuje \u010d\u00e1st obvin\u011bn\u00ed Moskvy. Z\u00e1padn\u00ed tisk se dosud zdr\u00e1hal touto ot\u00e1zkou zab\u00fdvat a rad\u011bji prezentoval ukrajinskou africkou politiku v m\u00edrn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm sv\u011btle.<\/span><\/p>\n

Po roce 2022 Kyjev ve skute\u010dnosti ozn\u00e1mil politiku, kterou nazval politikou \u201e\u00a0<\/span>ukrajinsko-africk\u00e9 renesance<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u201c, ve snaze \u010delit tradi\u010dn\u00edmu vlivu Moskvy na kontinentu. Ukrajinsk\u00fd diplomat Dmytro Kuleba loni znovu\u00a0<\/span>zd\u016fraznil<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u201eboj\u201c sv\u00e9 zem\u011b o sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed \u201esev\u0159en\u00ed\u201c Kremlu v Africe, \u00fadajn\u011b zalo\u017een\u00e9ho na \u201ekorupci\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Moskva si ve skute\u010dnosti udr\u017euje siln\u00e9 vazby s africk\u00fdmi n\u00e1rody ji\u017e od sov\u011btsk\u00fdch dob, \u010dasto prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm vojensk\u00e9ho v\u00fdcviku, obchod\u016f se zbran\u011bmi a ideologick\u00e9 solidarity. Dnes jsou tyto\u00a0<\/span>vazby<\/span><\/a>\u00a0pragmaticky posilov\u00e1ny rozvojem zem\u00ed BRICS (v\u010detn\u011b jej\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>Nov\u00e9 rozvojov\u00e9 banky<\/span><\/a>\u00a0), rusk\u00fdm financov\u00e1n\u00edm\u00a0<\/span>infrastrukturn\u00edch<\/span><\/a>\u00a0projekt\u016f, nov\u00fdmi\u00a0<\/span>energetick\u00fdmi partnerstv\u00edmi<\/span><\/a>\u00a0a spoluprac\u00ed Jih-Jih.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ukrajina se naopak do africk\u00e9ho dejiska dostala pozd\u011b a usilovn\u011b se sna\u017eila otev\u0159\u00edt ambas\u00e1dy v\u00a0<\/span>Maurit\u00e1nii<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, Rwand\u011b a jinde.<\/span><\/p>\n

Strategie t\u00e9to v\u00fdchodoevropsk\u00e9 zem\u011b spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 na t\u0159ech pil\u00ed\u0159\u00edch. Zaprv\u00e9, iniciativa \u201e\u00a0<\/span>Zrno z Ukrajiny<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u201c, kter\u00e1 poskytuje potravinovou pomoc. Zadruh\u00e9, vojensk\u00e1 spolupr\u00e1ce, v\u010detn\u011b v\u00fdcviku speci\u00e1ln\u00edch operac\u00ed s vl\u00e1dami v\u00a0<\/span>Maurit\u00e1nii<\/span><\/a>\u00a0a S\u00fad\u00e1nu. A zat\u0159et\u00ed, transfery zpravodajsk\u00fdch informac\u00ed a zbran\u00ed akt\u00e9r\u016fm nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00fdm v\u016f\u010di sil\u00e1m podporovan\u00fdm Ruskem. Podle Jamese Horncastlea (profesora mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch vztah\u016f Edwarda a Emily McWhinneyov\u00fdch) mus\u00ed b\u00fdt ukrajinsk\u00e9 speci\u00e1ln\u00ed operace v zahrani\u010d\u00ed vn\u00edm\u00e1ny jako sou\u010d\u00e1st jej\u00edho \u0161ir\u0161\u00edho v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9ho \u00fasil\u00ed proti Rusku.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zbran\u011b zem\u011b \u00fadajn\u011b\u00a0<\/span>proud\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0i do s\u00fad\u00e1nsk\u00e9 ob\u010dansk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky a nebylo by p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 p\u0159ita\u017een\u00e9 za vlasy spekulovat o pa\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed, jeliko\u017e zna\u010dn\u00e1\u00a0<\/span>\u010d\u00e1st<\/span><\/a>\u00a0z\u00e1padn\u00edch zbran\u00ed zaslan\u00fdch na Ukrajinu notoricky\u00a0<\/span>skon\u010dila<\/span><\/a>\u00a0na \u010dern\u00fdch trz\u00edch v zahrani\u010d\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e obchod se zbran\u011bmi\u00a0<\/span>na vzestupu<\/span><\/a>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

A\u0165 je to jakkoli, takov\u00e9 intervence vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00ed hrozbu, \u017ee Ukrajina bude jednat jako z\u00e1padn\u00ed z\u00e1stupce v Africe ke sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed \u0161kod\u011b. Novin\u00e1\u0159 Tafi Mhaka ji\u017e v roce 2024\u00a0<\/span>varoval<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, \u017ee zem\u011b na kontinentu \u201eztr\u00e1c\u00ed kontrolu\u201c t\u00edm, \u017ee p\u0159et\u011b\u017euje sv\u00e9 omezen\u00e9 zdroje a z\u00e1rove\u0148 riskuje diplomatick\u00fd \u00fader. Niger i\u00a0<\/span>Mali<\/span><\/a>\u00a0skute\u010dn\u011b\u00a0<\/span>p\u0159eru\u0161ily<\/span><\/a>\u00a0diplomatick\u00e9 vztahy s Kyjevem pot\u00e9, co se objevily d\u016fkazy o zapojen\u00ed Ukrajiny do povstaleck\u00fdch sil.<\/span><\/p>\n

Na jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b se ukrajinsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da zoufale sna\u017e\u00ed diverzifikovat sv\u00e1 partnerstv\u00ed a etablovat se jako \u201eglob\u00e1ln\u00ed hr\u00e1\u010d\u201c. Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b by Washington a n\u011bkter\u00e9 evropsk\u00e9 mocnosti mohly shledat u\u017eite\u010dn\u00fdm podporovat \u00fasil\u00ed Kyjeva v regionu jako zp\u016fsob, jak \u010delit rusk\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edtomnosti v regionu bez z\u00e1padn\u00edch vojsk na m\u00edst\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tato logika odpov\u00edd\u00e1 zn\u00e1m\u00e9mu sch\u00e9matu studen\u00e9 v\u00e1lky: pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1stupc\u016f k destabilizaci protivn\u00edk\u016f ve t\u0159et\u00edch regionech. Historie CIA v p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed vztah\u016f s povstalci a tajn\u00fdmi s\u00edt\u011bmi na kontinentu je dob\u0159e zdokumentov\u00e1na. Nen\u00ed tedy divu, \u017ee Washington nov\u011b nabytou roli Ukrajiny ti\u0161e toleruje. Moskva zase tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee se o tuto z\u00e1le\u017eitost pod\u011blila s africk\u00fdmi vl\u00e1dami. Libye nap\u0159\u00edklad v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b\u00a0<\/span>vy\u0161et\u0159uje<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u00fadajn\u00e9 pa\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed dron\u016f Kyjevem na sv\u00e9 \u00fazem\u00ed p\u0159es Al\u017e\u00edrsko.<\/span><\/p>\n

V ka\u017ed\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b existuj\u00ed limity toho, \u010deho m\u016f\u017ee Ukrajina realisticky dos\u00e1hnout. Jej\u00ed ozbrojen\u00e9 s\u00edly jsou doma ji\u017e tak napjat\u00e9. Jej\u00ed ekonomika je k\u0159ehk\u00e1 a z\u00e1visl\u00e1 na \u0161t\u011bdrosti Z\u00e1padu. Nav\u00edc jej\u00ed diplomatick\u00e1 d\u016fv\u011bryhodnost nen\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u011b siln\u00e1, aby odolala obvin\u011bn\u00ed z napom\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed terorismu v Africe.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jak jsem ji\u017e\u00a0<\/span>psal<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, jeho ultranacionalismus a krajn\u011b pravicov\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky u\u017e zp\u016fsobily dostate\u010dn\u00e9 po\u0161kozen\u00ed reputace, a to i u\u00a0<\/span>sousedn\u00edch st\u00e1t\u016f<\/span><\/a>\u00a0. Situace na postsov\u011btsk\u00fdch hranic\u00edch je sama o sob\u011b dost slo\u017eit\u00e1, ale zapojen\u00edm se do separatistick\u00e9 politiky v zahrani\u010d\u00ed Kyjev riskuje podkop\u00e1n\u00ed vlastn\u00edch diplomatick\u00fdch narativ\u016f t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edch se \u00fazemn\u00ed celistvosti.<\/span><\/p>\n

V \u010dervnu, kdy\u017e se Trump zaj\u00edmal o obchody s nerostn\u00fdmi surovinami, se sv\u00fdm typick\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem\u00a0<\/span>chlubil<\/span><\/a>\u00a0zprost\u0159edkov\u00e1n\u00edm m\u00edru mezi Kon\u017eskou demokratickou republikou a Rwandou. To je jen jeden z p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f toho, jak moc africk\u00fd kontinent nese sv\u016fj pod\u00edl na nap\u011bt\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00edm, \u017ee se Ukrajina p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 nap\u00edn\u00e1 a zapojuje se do slo\u017eit\u00fdch geopolitick\u00fdch z\u00e1stupn\u00fdch konflikt\u016f zahrnuj\u00edc\u00edch r\u016fzn\u00e9 hr\u00e1\u010de (jako je\u00a0<\/span>Turecko<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, Spojen\u00e9 arabsk\u00e9 emir\u00e1ty, Egypt,\u00a0<\/span>Izrael<\/span><\/a>\u00a0a Francie) v Libyi a jinde \u2013 nemluv\u011b o Tuarez\u00edch, S\u00fad\u00e1nu, Maurit\u00e1nii, Mali atd. \u2013 riskuje dal\u0161\u00ed destabilizaci region\u016f, kter\u00e9 se Washington s\u00e1m sna\u017e\u00ed udr\u017eet \u201eklid\u201c. Z \u201etolerantn\u00edho\u201c z\u00e1padn\u00edho z\u00e1stupce riskuje, \u017ee se v dlouhodob\u00e9m horizontu stane faktorem nestability i nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d St\u0159edomo\u0159\u00edm, \u010cern\u00fdm a Rud\u00fdm mo\u0159em a\u017e po Afriku.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uriel Araujo, PhD<\/a>. v oboru antropologie, je soci\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u011bdec specializuj\u00edc\u00ed se na etnick\u00e9 a n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 konflikty s rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdm v\u00fdzkumem geopolitick\u00e9 dynamiky a kulturn\u00edch interakc\u00ed<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Zpr\u00e1vy nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee ukrajinsk\u00e9 zbran\u011b a agenti p\u0159i\u017eivuj\u00ed konflikty v Mali, S\u00fad\u00e1nu a Libyi ve…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":88233,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1271,1042,2703,26],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/88232"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=88232"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/88232\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/88233"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=88232"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=88232"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=88232"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}