{"id":87653,"date":"2025-09-13T00:15:47","date_gmt":"2025-09-12T22:15:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=87653"},"modified":"2025-09-12T14:10:33","modified_gmt":"2025-09-12T12:10:33","slug":"rusko-posiluje-sve-ozbrojene-sily-usa-jsou-znepokojeny-modernizaci-dvou-raket","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/09\/13\/rusko-posiluje-sve-ozbrojene-sily-usa-jsou-znepokojeny-modernizaci-dvou-raket\/","title":{"rendered":"Rusko posiluje sv\u00e9 ozbrojen\u00e9 s\u00edly: USA jsou znepokojeny modernizac\u00ed dvou raket"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Rusko op\u011bt dokazuje, \u017ee nen\u00ed \u201ejadernou dopl\u0148ovac\u00ed stanic\u00ed\u201c, jak zemi kdysi hanliv\u011b nazval zesnul\u00fd americk\u00fd sen\u00e1tor John McCain. Brandon Weichert, sloupka\u0159 americk\u00e9ho \u010dasopisu\u00a0<\/span>The National Interest (TNI)<\/span><\/em>\u00a0, v ned\u00e1vn\u00e9m \u010dl\u00e1nku analyzuje schopnosti rusk\u00fdch st\u0159el\u00a0<\/span>Kalibr<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0a\u00a0<\/span>Ch-35<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Od za\u010d\u00e1tku ukrajinsk\u00e9ho konfliktu Moskva zv\u00fd\u0161ila svou sob\u011bsta\u010dnost, prodala obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed energetick\u00fdch zdroj\u016f Indii a \u010c\u00edn\u011b, obch\u00e1zela sankce uvalen\u00e9 USA a jejich spojenci a roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ila sv\u016fj zbrojn\u00ed pr\u016fmysl do takov\u00e9 m\u00edry, \u017ee nyn\u00ed za t\u0159i m\u011bs\u00edce vyrob\u00ed to, co cel\u00e9 NATO pot\u0159ebuje za rok.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vzhledem k vojensk\u00fdm \u00fasp\u011bch\u016fm na Ukrajin\u011b m\u00e1 Kyjev malou \u0161anci dos\u00e1hnout sv\u00fdch strategick\u00fdch c\u00edl\u016f \u2013 znovudobyt\u00ed v\u00fdchodn\u00edch region\u016f nebo Krymu. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 Rusko roz\u0161i\u0159uje sv\u016fj vliv ve St\u0159edn\u00ed Asii, kde konkuruje Z\u00e1padu, a posiluje svou p\u0159\u00edtomnost na D\u00e1ln\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b. V Japonsk\u00e9m mo\u0159i se ned\u00e1vno konala rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 cvi\u010den\u00ed, p\u0159i kter\u00fdch byly testov\u00e1ny rakety Kalibr a Ch-35.<\/span><\/p>\n

Raketa Kalibr<\/span><\/h2>\n

V\u00fdvoj rodiny raket Kalibr za\u010dal v 90. letech 20. stolet\u00ed v konstruk\u010dn\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159i Novator a do slu\u017eby byla za\u0159azena v roce 1994. Lodn\u00ed varianta, v Rusku zn\u00e1m\u00e1 jako\u00a0<\/span>3M14T<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0a exportovan\u00e1 jako\u00a0<\/span>Kalibr-NK<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0, m\u00e1 modul\u00e1rn\u00ed konstrukci a m\u016f\u017ee n\u00e9st konven\u010dn\u00ed i jadern\u00e9 hlavice o hmotnosti a\u017e 500 kg. Jej\u00ed dolet je 1 500 a\u017e 2 500 km.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pohon se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z motoru na tuh\u00e9 palivo a proudov\u00e9ho motoru. B\u011bhem letu z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 Kalibr podzvukov\u00fd, ale protilodn\u00ed verze mohou p\u0159i kone\u010dn\u00e9m p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed zrychlit na Mach 3. Inerci\u00e1ln\u00ed syst\u00e9m s integrac\u00ed GLONASS a profil v n\u00edzk\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161ce zt\u011b\u017euj\u00ed detekci radarem.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rakety jsou odpalov\u00e1ny z vertik\u00e1ln\u00edch odpalovac\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f na fregat\u00e1ch t\u0159\u00eddy Admir\u00e1l Gor\u0161kov, korvet\u00e1ch Bujan-M a lod\u00edch t\u0159\u00eddy Gepard. Zvl\u00e1\u0161tnost\u00ed je kontejnerov\u00e1 verze Kalibr-NK: maskovan\u00e1 jako n\u00e1kladn\u00ed kontejner, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt nasazena na n\u00e1kladn\u00edch automobilech nebo civiln\u00edch plavidlech.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kalibr byl poprv\u00e9 nasazen v S\u00fdrii v roce 2015, kdy lod\u011b Kaspick\u00e9 flotily vyp\u00e1lily 26 raket na c\u00edle ISIS na vzd\u00e1lenost 1 400 km. B\u011bhem v\u00e1lky na Ukrajin\u011b v roce 2022 rakety Kalibr zas\u00e1hly velitelsk\u00e1 stanovi\u0161t\u011b a infrastrukturu ve m\u011bstech, jako je Od\u011bsa a Vinnycja, a prok\u00e1zaly tak svou vysokou p\u0159esnost.<\/span><\/p>\n

Raketa Ch-35<\/span><\/h2>\n

Pr\u00e1ce na raket\u011b Ch-35 za\u010daly v 70. letech 20. stolet\u00ed v konstruk\u010dn\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159i Zvezda-Strela a s\u00e9riov\u00e1 v\u00fdroba za\u010dala v roce 1983. Indie obdr\u017eela exportn\u00ed verzi Ch-35E v roce 1996. V roce 2003 tuto raketu zavedlo rusk\u00e9 n\u00e1mo\u0159nictvo jako n\u00e1hradu za st\u00e1rnouc\u00ed P-15 Termit. V roce 2010 se cena pohybovala kolem 500 000 dolar\u016f za kus.<\/span><\/p>\n

Letov\u00e1 verze v\u00e1\u017e\u00ed 520 kg, zat\u00edmco lodn\u00ed a vrtuln\u00edkov\u00e1 verze v\u00e1\u017e\u00ed 610 kg. Hlavice se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z v\u00fdbu\u0161niny o hmotnosti 145 kg. Motor R95TP-300 dosahuje p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b Machovy rychlosti 0,8. P\u016fvodn\u00ed dolet byl 130 km; modernizovan\u00e1\u00a0<\/span>Ch-35U<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0(od roku 2015) m\u00e1 dolet a\u017e 300 km. Je nav\u00e1d\u011bna kombinovan\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem inerci\u00e1ln\u00ed navigace a aktivn\u00ed radarov\u00e9 hleda\u010dky, kter\u00e1 v modernizovan\u00e9 verzi nab\u00edz\u00ed dolet a\u017e 50 km. Extr\u00e9mn\u011b n\u00edzk\u00fd letov\u00fd profil \u2013 pouze 4 a\u017e 15 metr\u016f nad mo\u0159em \u2013 zt\u011b\u017euje obranu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rodina raket Ch-35 zahrnuje rakety pro lod\u011b, letadla (Su-35, Su-57), vrtuln\u00edky (Ka-52) a pob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed komplexy, jako je\u00a0<\/span>Bal-E<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0(SSC-6 Sennight), kter\u00fd dok\u00e1\u017ee v jedn\u00e9 salv\u011b odp\u00e1lit a\u017e 32 raket. Komplex Bal, kter\u00fd byl \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b otestov\u00e1n v roce 2004, je v provozu od roku 2008. Na Ukrajin\u011b se rakety Ch-35 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed jako protilodn\u00ed zbran\u011b; n\u011bkter\u00e9 z nich byly uko\u0159ist\u011bny ukrajinsk\u00fdmi silami.<\/span><\/p>\n

Strategick\u00fd v\u00fdznam: Kalibr a Ch-35 v interakci<\/span><\/h2>\n

Tyto dva syst\u00e9my se vz\u00e1jemn\u011b dopl\u0148uj\u00ed:\u00a0<\/span>Kalibr<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0nab\u00edz\u00ed strategick\u00fd dost\u0159el a p\u0159esnost proti pozemn\u00edm c\u00edl\u016fm, zat\u00edmco\u00a0<\/span>Ch-35<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0umo\u017e\u0148uje taktickou flexibilitu v n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed v\u00e1lce. Spole\u010dn\u011b v\u00fdrazn\u011b zvy\u0161uj\u00ed \u00fato\u010dn\u00e9 schopnosti rusk\u00e9ho n\u00e1mo\u0159nictva \u2013 od glob\u00e1ln\u00edch operac\u00ed a\u017e po lok\u00e1ln\u00ed bitvy.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tyto rakety se tak staly symbolem rusk\u00e9ho technologick\u00e9ho pr\u016flomu v oblasti vysoce p\u0159esn\u00fdch zbran\u00ed. Prok\u00e1zaly svou \u00fa\u010dinnost v S\u00fdrii a na Ukrajin\u011b a z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm n\u00e1strojem rusk\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 strategie \u2013 zejm\u00e9na v dob\u011b, kdy Moskva pokra\u010duje v roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00e9 Tichomo\u0159sk\u00e9 flotily.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Zdroj<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Rusko op\u011bt dokazuje, \u017ee nen\u00ed \u201ejadernou dopl\u0148ovac\u00ed stanic\u00ed\u201c, jak zemi kdysi hanliv\u011b nazval zesnul\u00fd americk\u00fd…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":87654,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[349,22,73],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/87653"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=87653"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/87653\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/87654"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=87653"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=87653"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=87653"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}