{"id":87611,"date":"2025-09-12T04:59:56","date_gmt":"2025-09-12T02:59:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=87611"},"modified":"2025-09-12T04:59:56","modified_gmt":"2025-09-12T02:59:56","slug":"juan-cole-ctyri-hlavni-duvody-netanjahuova-utoku-na-katarske-vyjednavace","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/09\/12\/juan-cole-ctyri-hlavni-duvody-netanjahuova-utoku-na-katarske-vyjednavace\/","title":{"rendered":"Juan Cole: \u010cty\u0159i hlavn\u00ed d\u016fvody Netanjahuova \u00fatoku na katarsk\u00e9 vyjednava\u010de"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Vl\u00e1da izraelsk\u00e9ho premi\u00e9ra Benjamina Netanjahua v \u00fater\u00fd bombardovala budovu, kterou vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed civiln\u00ed vyjednava\u010di Ham\u00e1su v katarsk\u00e9m Dauh\u00e1, zat\u00edmco v jejich p\u0159\u00edtomnosti prob\u00edhala nep\u0159\u00edm\u00e1 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u011bt mlad\u0161\u00edch \u010dlen\u016f Ham\u00e1su\u00a0<\/span>bylo zabito<\/span><\/a>\u00a0spolu s katarsk\u00fdm \u010dlenem bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed slu\u017eby, ale kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00ed vyjednava\u010di p\u0159e\u017eili. Za\u010d\u00e1tkem tohoto l\u00e9ta Izrael a Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty bombardovaly \u00cdr\u00e1n, zat\u00edmco ofici\u00e1ln\u011b vyjedn\u00e1valy s Teher\u00e1nem. Lze s jistotou konstatovat, \u017ee vyjedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed s kteroukoli ze stran je nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Trumpova administrativa si byla t\u00e9to situace v\u011bdoma, a proto je do tohoto \u00fatoku zapletena. Je nepravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee by izraelsk\u00e1 letadla mohla p\u0159elet\u011bt nad Jord\u00e1nskem a Sa\u00fadskou Ar\u00e1bi\u00ed a za\u00fato\u010dit pobl\u00ed\u017e americk\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 z\u00e1kladny v al-Udeid, kde je um\u00edst\u011bno p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 12 000 aktivn\u00edch voj\u00e1k\u016f, bez tich\u00e9ho souhlasu Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f. Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty kontroluj\u00ed vzdu\u0161n\u00fd prostor kolem al-Udeid a mohly Izraelc\u016fm p\u0159\u00edstup odep\u0159\u00edt.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0159ipome\u0148me si, \u017ee to byla Obamova administrativa, kter\u00e1\u00a0<\/span>po\u017e\u00e1dala<\/span><\/a>\u00a0Katar o hostov\u00e1n\u00ed vyjednava\u010d\u016f Ham\u00e1su za \u00fa\u010delem nep\u0159\u00edm\u00fdch rozhovor\u016f s nimi, a \u017ee Katar byl opakovan\u011b chv\u00e1len americk\u00fdm ministerstvem zahrani\u010d\u00ed i izraelsk\u00fdm ministerstvem zahrani\u010d\u00ed za tuto roli. Kdy\u017e v roce 2018 Katar zva\u017eoval vyho\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159edstavitel\u016f Ham\u00e1su a ukon\u010den\u00ed sv\u00e9 role prost\u0159edn\u00edka, Netanjahu vyslal \u0161\u00e9fa Mossadu do Dauh\u00e1, aby Katarce prosil o pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed v pln\u011bn\u00ed t\u00e9to mise.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Dovolte mi, abych jako novin\u00e1\u0159 prozkoumal d\u016fvody, kter\u00e9 vedly Netanjahuovu vl\u00e1du k tomuto jedn\u00e1n\u00ed.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

1. Zaprv\u00e9, \u00fatok m\u011bl ukon\u010dit jedn\u00e1n\u00ed s Ham\u00e1sem. Netanjahu a extremist\u00e9 v jeho kabinetu necht\u011bj\u00ed vyjedn\u00e1vat. Cht\u011bj\u00ed etnicky vy\u010distit Gazu a eliminovat v\u0161echny \u010dleny vojensk\u00e9ho k\u0159\u00eddla Ham\u00e1su, Brig\u00e1d al-K\u00e1s\u00e1m. Zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee je ani neob\u00e1vaj\u00ed potenci\u00e1ln\u00edch civiln\u00edch ob\u011bt\u00ed, a\u0165 u\u017e jde o \u010dleny politick\u00e9 strany Ham\u00e1su nebo nepolitick\u00e9 obyvatele Gazy. Tyto c\u00edle nejsou reakc\u00ed na \u00fatok Ham\u00e1su na Izrael 7. \u0159\u00edjna 2023, ale jsou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed dlouhodob\u00e9 touhy izraelsk\u00e9 pravice vymazat Palestince z Palestiny a nav\u017edy zabr\u00e1nit vzniku palestinsk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0159esto\u017ee extremistick\u00fd kabinet odm\u00edt\u00e1 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed, v\u011bt\u0161ina Izraelc\u016f by mo\u017en\u00e1 dala p\u0159ednost takov\u00fdm jedn\u00e1n\u00edm, aby se repatriovali zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed rukojm\u00ed a ukon\u010dila se v\u00e1lka, kter\u00e1 zab\u00edj\u00ed nebo zra\u0148uje jejich mlad\u00e9 voj\u00e1ky. To ovliv\u0148uje jejich finance kv\u016fli brann\u00e9 povinnosti a po\u0161kozuje ekonomiku (s v\u00fdjimkou akciov\u00e9ho trhu, kter\u00fd prudce vzrostl, z \u010deho\u017e profituj\u00ed miliard\u00e1\u0159i, kte\u0159\u00ed podporuj\u00ed Netanjahua).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Netanjahu se tak\u00e9 ob\u010das ocitl pod tlakem Trumpovy administrativy, aby vyjednal ukon\u010den\u00ed boj\u016f. Trump zpo\u010d\u00e1tku podporoval p\u0159\u00edm\u011b\u0159\u00ed, kter\u00e9 zprost\u0159edkoval t\u00fdm Joea Bidena loni v lednu, pot\u00e9 na Netanjahua vyvinul intenzivn\u00ed tlak, aby ho p\u0159ijal. O dva m\u011bs\u00edce pozd\u011bji Netanjahu jednostrann\u011b p\u0159\u00edm\u011b\u0159\u00ed poru\u0161il a zah\u00e1jil je\u0161t\u011b brut\u00e1ln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kampa\u0148 etnick\u00fdch \u010distek. Americk\u00fd prezident n\u011bkdy \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee tohoto rozhodnut\u00ed lituje.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Zni\u010den\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159\u00ed vyjedn\u00e1vac\u00edho t\u00fdmu ni\u010d\u00ed jakoukoli vyhl\u00eddku na jedn\u00e1n\u00ed.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

2. Jedn\u00edm ze z\u00e1kladn\u00edch motiv\u016f \u00fatok\u016f na civiln\u00ed vyjednava\u010de Ham\u00e1su m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt oslaben\u00ed protestn\u00edho hnut\u00ed v Izraeli, kter\u00e9 pravideln\u011b vyv\u00e1d\u00ed desetitis\u00edce Izraelc\u016f do ulic velk\u00fdch m\u011bst, aby po\u017eadovali p\u0159\u00edm\u011b\u0159\u00ed jm\u00e9nem izraelsk\u00fdch rukojm\u00edch. Pokud jedn\u00e1n\u00ed o p\u0159\u00edm\u011b\u0159\u00ed nebo propu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed rukojm\u00edch sel\u017eou, Netanjahu nepochybn\u011b douf\u00e1, \u017ee jeho odp\u016frci budou o tento argument p\u0159ipraveni. V nejhor\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b je m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159im\u011bt k odsouzen\u00ed \u00fatoku na kancel\u00e1\u0159e Ham\u00e1su, \u010d\u00edm\u017e by se v o\u010d\u00edch v\u011bt\u0161iny Izraelc\u016f stali zr\u00e1dci. Dokonce i Netanjahuova politick\u00e1 opozice \u00fatoky na Dauh\u00e1 uv\u00edtala. Jde tedy o ot\u00e1zku izraelsk\u00e9 dom\u00e1c\u00ed politiky. Odveden\u00ed pozornosti je osv\u011bd\u010den\u00e1 taktika.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

3. Izrael se mo\u017en\u00e1 sna\u017eil zas\u00edt sv\u00e1r mezi Spojen\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty a Katarem. V kv\u011btnu Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty a Katar podepsaly dohodu v hodnot\u011b n\u011bkolika miliard dolar\u016f, na jej\u00edm\u017e z\u00e1klad\u011b Katar z\u00edskal technologii protidronov\u00e9 obrany Raytheon a protiraketov\u00e9 obrann\u00e9 baterie Lockheed Martin THAAD. Pokud se tyto dod\u00e1vky uskute\u010dn\u00ed a katarsk\u00fd person\u00e1l bude v jejich pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed vy\u0161kolen, nov\u00e9 protiraketov\u00e9 a protidronov\u00e9 schopnosti by mohly v\u00fdrazn\u011b zkomplikovat potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed izraelsk\u00e9 \u00fatoky na Katar. Pokud Netanjahu natolik zhor\u0161\u00ed vztahy s Katarem, \u017ee zru\u0161\u00ed obrannou dohodu s Trumpovou administrativou v hodnot\u011b 42 miliard dolar\u016f, Izrael by mohl zemi pokra\u010dovat v bombardov\u00e1n\u00ed.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

4. Izrael se sna\u017e\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edt sv\u00e9 vzdu\u0161n\u00e9 p\u0159evahy k nastolen\u00ed region\u00e1ln\u00ed hegemonie. Tato p\u0159evaha mu umo\u017e\u0148uje ude\u0159it kdekoli na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b dle libosti a ovlivnit tak region\u00e1ln\u00ed politiku. Tel Aviv pravideln\u011b bombarduje S\u00fdrii, p\u0159esto\u017ee ob\u011b zem\u011b nejsou ve v\u00e1lce a Trumpova administrativa uznala novou fundamentalistickou revolu\u010dn\u00ed vl\u00e1du v Dama\u0161ku a zru\u0161ila sankce. Izrael tak\u00e9 pravideln\u011b bombarduje Libanon, a to navzdory \u00fadajn\u00e9mu p\u0159\u00edm\u011b\u0159\u00ed vyjednan\u00e9mu loni na podzim. Pravideln\u011b tak\u00e9 bombarduje civiln\u00ed c\u00edle v Jemenu v reakci na raketov\u00e9 \u00fatoky H\u00fat\u00ed\u016f na Izrael a ned\u00e1vno zavra\u017edil h\u00fat\u00edjsk\u00e9ho premi\u00e9ra. Izrael tak\u00e9 bombardoval \u00cdr\u00e1n a zva\u017eoval atent\u00e1t na celou jeho politickou t\u0159\u00eddu. \u00datok na Dauh\u00e1 potvrzuje nov\u00e9 postaven\u00ed Izraele jako hlavn\u00edho akt\u00e9ra v bl\u00edzkov\u00fdchodn\u00ed politick\u00e9 realit\u011b.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Juan Cole<\/span><\/em>\u00a0<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Vl\u00e1da izraelsk\u00e9ho premi\u00e9ra Benjamina Netanjahua v \u00fater\u00fd bombardovala budovu, kterou vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed civiln\u00ed vyjednava\u010di Ham\u00e1su v…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":87612,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,347,107,3199],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/87611"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=87611"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/87611\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/87612"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=87611"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=87611"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=87611"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}