{"id":87562,"date":"2025-09-12T00:17:16","date_gmt":"2025-09-11T22:17:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=87562"},"modified":"2025-09-11T09:45:40","modified_gmt":"2025-09-11T07:45:40","slug":"elektronicka-identifikace-vas-cini-zavislymi-apple-google-a-microsoft-tahaji-za-nitky","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/09\/12\/elektronicka-identifikace-vas-cini-zavislymi-apple-google-a-microsoft-tahaji-za-nitky\/","title":{"rendered":"Elektronick\u00e1 identifikace v\u00e1s \u010din\u00ed z\u00e1visl\u00fdmi: Apple, Google a Microsoft tahaj\u00ed za nitky"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

Politici to prod\u00e1vaj\u00ed jako pokrok, jako modern\u00ed n\u00e1stroj pro bezpe\u010dnost, pohodl\u00ed a mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed konektivitu. Nov\u00fd \u0161v\u00fdcarsk\u00fd elektronick\u00fd pr\u016fkaz toto\u017enosti je ale v\u00edc ne\u017e jen praktick\u00fd pr\u016fkaz toto\u017enosti ve smartphonu. Bli\u017e\u0161\u00ed pohled odhal\u00ed, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o trojsk\u00e9ho kon\u011b, kter\u00fd podkop\u00e1v\u00e1 na\u0161i digit\u00e1ln\u00ed suverenitu a otev\u00edr\u00e1 dve\u0159e sledov\u00e1n\u00ed a z\u00e1vislosti na technologick\u00fdch gigantech.<\/span><\/p>\n

Projekt ve st\u00ednu EU<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

S na\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm eIDAS EU ji\u017e d\u00e1vno polo\u017eila z\u00e1klady: Ka\u017ed\u00fd \u010dlensk\u00fd st\u00e1t mus\u00ed do roku 2025 poskytnout pen\u011b\u017eenku s digit\u00e1ln\u00ed identitou. \u0160v\u00fdcarsko, a\u010dkoli nen\u00ed \u010dlenem, je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed schengensk\u00e9ho prostoru a dohod o ochran\u011b osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f \u2013 a nyn\u00ed p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 stejn\u00e9 standardy, aby zajistilo, \u017ee v\u0161e z\u016fstane \u201einteroperabiln\u00ed\u201c.<\/span>
\nJednodu\u0161e \u0159e\u010deno to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee \u0160v\u00fdcarsko se p\u0159ipojuje k technick\u00e9mu regula\u010dn\u00edmu r\u00e1mci, o kter\u00e9m se rozhoduje v Bruselu a kter\u00fd se vyv\u00edj\u00ed v Silicon Valley.<\/span><\/p>\n

Technologie: \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00e9 standardy, z\u00e1vislost na velk\u00fdch technologick\u00fdch firm\u00e1ch<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Elektronick\u00fd pr\u016fkaz toto\u017enosti je zalo\u017een na protokolech, jako jsou OpenID Connect, FIDO2 a ov\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e9 pov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed W3C. Zn\u00ed to jako nejmodern\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zabezpe\u010den\u00ed \u2013 ve skute\u010dnosti to v\u0161ak znamen\u00e1 z\u00e1vislost na glob\u00e1ln\u00edch korporac\u00edch.<\/span>
\nT\u011bmto standardiza\u010dn\u00edm org\u00e1n\u016fm dominuj\u00ed Apple, Google, Microsoft a dal\u0161\u00ed. Ur\u010duj\u00ed, jak jsou protokoly implementov\u00e1ny, a \u0159\u00edd\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a opera\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my, na kter\u00fdch bude elektronick\u00fd pr\u016fkaz toto\u017enosti fungovat.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo si mysl\u00ed, \u017ee \u0161v\u00fdcarsk\u00fd elektronick\u00fd pr\u016fkaz toto\u017enosti je projektem suver\u00e9nn\u00edho st\u00e1tu, se m\u00fdl\u00ed: je z\u00e1visl\u00fd na technologick\u00e9m pr\u016fmyslu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nejslab\u0161\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nek: koncov\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

I nejlep\u0161\u00ed \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed je k ni\u010demu, pokud je za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed napadeno. A pr\u00e1v\u011b v tom spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed riziko: Chytr\u00e9 telefony jsou vysoce zraniteln\u00e9 v\u016f\u010di spywaru, jako je Pegasus, \u00fanik\u016fm dat a bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edm zranitelnostem. Pokud za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed sel\u017ee, cel\u00fd syst\u00e9m elektronick\u00e9 identifikace se stane ne\u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdm. St\u00e1t nem\u016f\u017ee zaru\u010dit bezpe\u010dnost sv\u00fdch ob\u010dan\u016f \u2013 sv\u011b\u0159uje je do rukou soukrom\u00fdch poskytovatel\u016f a jejich softwarov\u00fdch politik.<\/span><\/p>\n

Iluze kontroly<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u00da\u0159ady zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee elektronick\u00fd pr\u016fkaz toto\u017enosti je \u201est\u00e1tem \u0159\u00edzen\u00fd\u201c a podl\u00e9h\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edsn\u00fdm z\u00e1kon\u016fm na ochranu osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f. Tento argument v\u0161ak selh\u00e1v\u00e1, kdy\u017e vezmeme v \u00favahu, \u017ee:<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  • Aktualizace od spole\u010dnost\u00ed Apple nebo Google mohou p\u0159es noc zm\u011bnit nebo zablokovat funkce,<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Normy z\u00e1vis\u00ed na mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch konsorci\u00edch, ve kter\u00fdch \u0160v\u00fdcarsko nem\u00e1 rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed vliv,<\/span><\/li>\n
  • krize nebo politick\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed by okam\u017eit\u011b odhalily, jak mal\u00e1 digit\u00e1ln\u00ed suverenita ve skute\u010dnosti existuje.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Od pohodl\u00ed k ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

    Elektronick\u00fd pr\u016fkaz toto\u017enosti m\u00e1 sdru\u017eovat v\u0161e: zdravotn\u00ed \u00fadaje, \u0159idi\u010dsk\u00fd pr\u016fkaz, p\u0159\u00edstup k bankovn\u00edm \u00fa\u010dt\u016fm, mo\u017en\u00e1 i kl\u00ed\u010de od bytu. Co se dnes prod\u00e1v\u00e1 jako pohodln\u00e1 v\u011bc, se z\u00edtra m\u016f\u017ee prom\u011bnit v dohled. Stisknut\u00edm tla\u010d\u00edtka by bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 zablokovat p\u0159\u00edstup, sledovat pohyb a vytv\u00e1\u0159et profily.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Architektura umo\u017e\u0148uje centralizovan\u00fd sb\u011br dat \u2013 sen pro zpravodajsk\u00e9 slu\u017eby, dar pro autorit\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy, riziko pro jakoukoli demokracii.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Z\u00e1v\u011br: Star\u00fd klobouk, nov\u00fd obal, stejn\u00e1 nebezpe\u010d\u00ed<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

    \u0160v\u00fdcarsk\u00fd elektronick\u00fd pr\u016fkaz toto\u017enosti nen\u00ed neutr\u00e1ln\u00edm pr\u016fkazem toto\u017enosti budoucnosti. Je to br\u00e1na ke sledov\u00e1n\u00ed, projekt, kter\u00fd vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed z\u00e1vislost na velk\u00fdch technologick\u00fdch firm\u00e1ch a ohro\u017euje digit\u00e1ln\u00ed sebeur\u010den\u00ed ob\u010dan\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

    To, co je oslavov\u00e1no jako pokrok, je ve skute\u010dnosti dal\u0161\u00edm krokem do sv\u011bta, ve kter\u00e9m st\u00e1t ji\u017e nekontroluje svou infrastrukturu, ale zprost\u0159edkov\u00e1v\u00e1 ji prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm platforem a korporac\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka nezn\u00ed: Chceme elektronick\u00fd pr\u016fkaz toto\u017enosti?<\/span><\/strong>
    \nAle sp\u00ed\u0161e:\u00a0<\/span>Jsme ochotni vym\u011bnit svou svobodu za trochu digit\u00e1ln\u00edho pohodl\u00ed?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Politici to prod\u00e1vaj\u00ed jako pokrok, jako modern\u00ed n\u00e1stroj pro bezpe\u010dnost, pohodl\u00ed a mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed konektivitu. Nov\u00fd…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":87563,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[41,2195,2320,48],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/87562"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=87562"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/87562\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/87563"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=87562"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=87562"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=87562"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}