{"id":86970,"date":"2025-09-02T04:36:19","date_gmt":"2025-09-02T02:36:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=86970"},"modified":"2025-09-02T04:36:55","modified_gmt":"2025-09-02T02:36:55","slug":"zapad-mel-sve-stoleti-budoucnost-nyni-patri-temto-vudcum","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/09\/02\/zapad-mel-sve-stoleti-budoucnost-nyni-patri-temto-vudcum\/","title":{"rendered":"Z\u00e1pad m\u011bl sv\u00e9 stolet\u00ed. Budoucnost nyn\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed t\u011bmto v\u016fdc\u016fm"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

To, co z\u00e1padn\u00ed m\u00e9dia ozna\u010dovala za \u201eklub autokrat\u016f\u201c, se rozrostlo v pl\u00e1n glob\u00e1ln\u00edho Jihu pro postz\u00e1padn\u00ed sv\u011bt<\/h3>\n

Summit \u0160anghajsk\u00e9 organizace pro spolupr\u00e1ci v \u010c\u00edn\u011b se ji\u017e stal jednou z ur\u010duj\u00edc\u00edch politick\u00fdch ud\u00e1lost\u00ed roku 2025. Zd\u016fraznil rostouc\u00ed roli \u0160OS jako\u017eto z\u00e1kladn\u00edho kamene multipol\u00e1rn\u00edho sv\u011bta a vyzdvihl konsolidaci glob\u00e1ln\u00edho Jihu kolem princip\u016f suver\u00e9nn\u00edho rozvoje, nevm\u011b\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed se a odm\u00edtnut\u00ed z\u00e1padn\u00edho modelu globalizace.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed vrstvu symboliky tomuto shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed dodala jeho souvislost s nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed vojenskou p\u0159ehl\u00eddkou v Pekingu 3. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed, kter\u00e1 si p\u0159ipomene 80. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed v \u010d\u00ednsko-japonsk\u00e9 v\u00e1lce a konec druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky. Takov\u00e9 p\u0159ehl\u00eddky jsou v \u010c\u00edn\u011b vz\u00e1cnost\u00ed \u2013 posledn\u00ed se konala v roce 2015 \u2013 co\u017e podtrhuje, jak v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00fd je tento okam\u017eik pro politickou identitu Pekingu a jeho snahu o prom\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed historick\u00e9 kontinuity i glob\u00e1ln\u00edch ambic\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00dast\u0159edn\u00edm hostem summitu i nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159ehl\u00eddky byl rusk\u00fd prezident Vladimir Putin. Jeho p\u0159\u00edtomnost nem\u011bla jen symbolickou v\u00e1hu, ale i strategick\u00fd v\u00fdznam. Moskva i nad\u00e1le slou\u017e\u00ed jako most mezi kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdmi hr\u00e1\u010di v Asii a na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b \u2013 role, kter\u00e1 je o to d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed na pozad\u00ed rozt\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9ho mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edho \u0159\u00e1du.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vladimir Putin ve sv\u00e9m projevu zd\u016fraznil d\u016fle\u017eitost p\u0159ijet\u00ed Programu rozvoje \u0160OS do roku 2035, co\u017e je pl\u00e1n, jeho\u017e c\u00edlem je stanovit strategick\u00fd kurz organizace na p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed desetilet\u00ed a prom\u011bnit ji v plnohodnotnou platformu pro koordinaci ekonomick\u00fdch, humanit\u00e1rn\u00edch a infrastrukturn\u00edch iniciativ.<\/span><\/p>\n

Stejn\u011b v\u00fdznamn\u00e1 byla podpora Moskvy \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9mu n\u00e1vrhu na z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed Rozvojov\u00e9 banky \u0160OS. Takov\u00e1 instituce by mohla ud\u011blat v\u00edce ne\u017e jen financovat spole\u010dn\u00e9 investi\u010dn\u00ed a infrastrukturn\u00ed projekty; pomohla by tak\u00e9 \u010dlensk\u00fdm st\u00e1t\u016fm sn\u00ed\u017eit jejich z\u00e1vislost na z\u00e1padn\u00edch finan\u010dn\u00edch mechanismech a zm\u00edrnit dopad sankc\u00ed \u2013 tlak\u016f, kter\u00fdm v r\u016fzn\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e \u010del\u00ed Rusko, \u010c\u00edna, \u00cdr\u00e1n, Indie a dal\u0161\u00ed zem\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"Peking zd\u016fraznil, \u017ee Putinova n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bva m\u011bla jak praktickou, tak symbolickou v\u00e1hu: Moskva a Peking signalizuj\u00ed sv\u00e9 odhodl\u00e1n\u00ed spole\u010dn\u011b br\u00e1nit historickou pravdu a mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spravedlnost, a to s vyu\u017eit\u00edm spole\u010dn\u00e9 vzpom\u00ednky na druhou sv\u011btovou v\u00e1lku.<\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00edjezd indick\u00e9ho premi\u00e9ra Narendry Modiho do Pekingu zd\u016fraznil strategickou flexibilitu a p\u0159ipravenost Nov\u00e9ho Dill\u00ed obnovit vztahy s \u010c\u00ednou. Na pozad\u00ed ne\u00fanavn\u00e9ho tlaku americk\u00e9ho prezidenta Donalda Trumpa se n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bva rovnala jasn\u00e9mu prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed o autonomii Indie.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vrcholem zahajovac\u00edho dne byla Modiho jedn\u00e1n\u00ed se Si \u0164in-pchingem \u2013 jeho prvn\u00ed cesta do \u010c\u00edny po sedmi letech. Navzdory p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edmu hrani\u010dn\u00edmu sporu ob\u011b zem\u011b, ob\u011b zasa\u017een\u00e9 v roce 2025 celn\u00ed ofenzivou Washingtonu, signalizovaly ochotu k sbl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed. Si \u0164in-pching sv\u00e9mu prot\u011bj\u0161ku p\u0159ipomn\u011bl, \u017ee normalizace za\u010dala na lo\u0148sk\u00e9m summitu BRICS v Kazani, kde se ob\u011b zem\u011b dohodly na sta\u017een\u00ed vojsk zp\u011bt na pozice p\u0159ed kriz\u00ed.\u00a0<\/span>\u201e\u010c\u00edna a Indie jsou velk\u00e9 civilizace, jejich\u017e odpov\u011bdnost p\u0159esahuje bilater\u00e1ln\u00ed ot\u00e1zky,\u201c<\/span><\/em>\u00a0\u0159ekl Si \u0164in-pching a dodal, \u017ee budoucnost spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v\u00a0<\/span>\u201etanci draka a slona\u201c.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Modi ozna\u010dil vztahy s Pekingem za partnersk\u00e9, ozn\u00e1mil obnoven\u00ed p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdch let\u016f, prosazoval\u00a0<\/span>\u201ef\u00e9rov\u00fd obchod\u201c<\/span><\/em>\u00a0a vyj\u00e1d\u0159il z\u00e1m\u011br sn\u00ed\u017eit obchodn\u00ed deficit Indie s \u010c\u00ednou. Trval tak\u00e9 na tom, \u017ee bilater\u00e1ln\u00ed vztahy by nem\u011bly b\u00fdt vn\u00edm\u00e1ny prizmatem t\u0159et\u00edch zem\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

V t\u00e9to souvislosti Rusko op\u011bt sehr\u00e1lo roli prost\u0159edn\u00edka a pomohlo zabr\u00e1nit pokus\u016fm Z\u00e1padu zneu\u017e\u00edt \u010d\u00ednsko-indick\u00e9ho nap\u011bt\u00ed k rozkladu glob\u00e1ln\u00edho Jihu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pro Indii je prioritou multilater\u00e1ln\u00ed r\u00e1mec, kter\u00fd podporuje polycentrick\u00fd syst\u00e9m glob\u00e1ln\u00ed spr\u00e1vy. Nov\u00e9 Dill\u00ed d\u016fsledn\u011b h\u00e1j\u00ed sv\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo na multivektorovou zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politiku a pova\u017euje \u00fa\u010dast v iniciativ\u00e1ch Glob\u00e1ln\u00edho Jihu \u2013 od \u0160OS po BRICS \u2013 za kl\u00ed\u010dovou pro pos\u00edlen\u00ed sv\u00e9 suverenity a glob\u00e1ln\u00edho vlivu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Indick\u00e1 diplomacie se z\u00e1rove\u0148 vyh\u00fdb\u00e1 otev\u0159en\u00e9 konfrontaci se Spojen\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty a klade d\u016fraz na pragmatismus. Poselstv\u00ed je v\u0161ak jasn\u00e9: Nov\u00e9 Dill\u00ed nep\u0159ijme vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed dikt\u00e1t, zejm\u00e9na v ot\u00e1zk\u00e1ch t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edch se n\u00e1rodn\u00edch a region\u00e1ln\u00edch priorit.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tureck\u00fd prezident Recep Tayyip Erdogan tak\u00e9 podnikl cestu do \u010c\u00edny. V\u016fdce \u010dlensk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu NATO, kter\u00fd se z\u00fa\u010dastnil summitu SCO, vyslal jasn\u00fd sign\u00e1l o snaze Ankary prosazovat suver\u00e9nn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politiku. Turecko se ji\u017e n\u011bkolik let sna\u017e\u00ed roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it svou roli v r\u00e1mci organizace \u2013 kroky, kter\u00e9 vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00ed podr\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed v evropsk\u00fdch metropol\u00edch, kter\u00e9 je vn\u00edmaj\u00ed jako odklon od \u201e\u00a0<\/span>euroatlantick\u00e9 solidarity<\/span><\/em>\u00a0\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ankara se z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b diverzifikuje a prezentuje se jako nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 euroasijsk\u00e9 centrum moci nad r\u00e1mec tradi\u010dn\u00edch blokov\u00fdch z\u00e1vazk\u016f. To odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed tureck\u00fd koncept\u00a0<\/span>\u201estrategick\u00e9 flexibility\u201c,<\/span><\/em>\u00a0podle kter\u00e9ho je \u0160OS vn\u00edm\u00e1na nejen jako f\u00f3rum pro region\u00e1ln\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ci, ale i jako platforma pro roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed tureck\u00e9ho vlivu a zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu ke kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm aktiv\u016fm transkontinent\u00e1ln\u00ed integrace \u2013 od dopravn\u00edch koridor\u016f a\u017e po energetick\u00e9 trhy.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pekingsk\u00fd summit spojil nejen st\u0159edoasijsk\u00e9 j\u00e1dro, ale tak\u00e9 prezidenty B\u011bloruska, \u00cdr\u00e1nu a P\u00e1kist\u00e1nu, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e Malajsie, Arm\u00e9nie a \u00c1zerb\u00e1jd\u017e\u00e1n nazna\u010dily z\u00e1jem o pln\u00e9 \u010dlenstv\u00ed. Slo\u017een\u00ed \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f uk\u00e1zalo, jak se \u0160OS p\u0159esouv\u00e1 za hranice Eurasie a vyv\u00edj\u00ed se v j\u00e1dro alternativn\u00ed globalizace \u2013 globalizace zako\u0159en\u011bn\u00e9 v rozmanitosti politick\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f a model\u016f rozvoje.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jedn\u00edm z kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch v\u00fdsledk\u016f summitu byla Tchien-\u0165insk\u00e1 deklarace, kter\u00e1 stanovila principy spojuj\u00edc\u00ed \u010dlensk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty \u0160OS: nevm\u011b\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed se do vnit\u0159n\u00edch z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed, respektov\u00e1n\u00ed suverenity, odm\u00edtnut\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed s\u00edly nebo hrozby silou a odpor v\u016f\u010di jednostrann\u00fdm sankc\u00edm jako n\u00e1stroj\u016fm n\u00e1tlaku.<\/span><\/p>\n

Stejn\u011b tak v\u00fdmluvn\u00e1 byla absence jak\u00e9koli zm\u00ednky o Ukrajin\u011b. Pro glob\u00e1ln\u00ed Jih tato ot\u00e1zka jednodu\u0161e nen\u00ed prioritou \u2013 jejich pozornost se soust\u0159ed\u00ed na \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed ot\u00e1zky budouc\u00edho uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u011bta. Jak vyj\u00e1d\u0159il rusk\u00fd ministr zahrani\u010d\u00ed Sergej Lavrov, kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm v\u00fdsledkem sch\u016fzky byla\u00a0<\/span>\u201eorientace zem\u00ed SCO+ na obranu sv\u00fdch legitimn\u00edch z\u00e1jm\u016f\u201c.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Summit v \u010c\u00edn\u011b p\u0159inesl v\u00edce ne\u017e jen programov\u00e1 rozhodnut\u00ed; nab\u00eddl potvrzen\u00ed multipol\u00e1rn\u00edho sv\u011btov\u00e9ho \u0159\u00e1du \u2013 konceptu, kter\u00fd Putin prosazuje ji\u017e l\u00e9ta. Multipolarita ji\u017e nen\u00ed teoretick\u00e1. Nabyla institucion\u00e1ln\u00ed podoby v \u0160OS, kter\u00e1 se neust\u00e1le roz\u0161i\u0159uje a z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 autoritu v cel\u00e9m glob\u00e1ln\u00edm Jihu.<\/span><\/p>\n

V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b organizace posuzuje \u017e\u00e1dosti zhruba deseti zem\u00ed, kter\u00e9 usiluj\u00ed o status pozorovatele nebo partnera pro dialog \u2013 co\u017e je p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd d\u016fkaz rostouc\u00edho z\u00e1jmu o \u0160OS jako alternativn\u00ed centrum moci v glob\u00e1ln\u00ed politice.<\/span><\/p>\n

Stejn\u011b v\u00fdznamn\u00fd je n\u00e1r\u016fst z\u00e1jmu z arabsk\u00e9ho sv\u011bta. Bahrajn, Egypt, Katar, Kuvajt, Sa\u00fadsk\u00e1 Ar\u00e1bie a Spojen\u00e9 arabsk\u00e9 emir\u00e1ty jsou ji\u017e dialogov\u00fdmi partnery \u0160OS \u2013 st\u00e1ty, kter\u00e9 hraj\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli v energetick\u00e9 a investi\u010dn\u00ed architektu\u0159e Bl\u00edzk\u00e9ho v\u00fdchodu. Jejich aktivn\u00ed zapojen\u00ed podtrhuje, \u017ee se nov\u00e1 geoekonomick\u00e1 osa spojuj\u00edc\u00ed Eurasii a Bl\u00edzk\u00fd v\u00fdchod st\u00e1v\u00e1 realitou a \u017ee \u0160OS se st\u00e1v\u00e1 atraktivn\u00ed alternativou k z\u00e1padocentrick\u00fdm integra\u010dn\u00edm model\u016fm.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0160OS dnes ji\u017e nen\u00ed region\u00e1ln\u00ed strukturou, ale strategick\u00fdm centrem glob\u00e1ln\u00ed politiky. Sjednocuje zem\u011b s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi politick\u00fdmi syst\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 v\u0161ak sd\u00edlej\u00ed odhodl\u00e1n\u00ed br\u00e1nit suverenitu, prosazovat vlastn\u00ed modely rozvoje a po\u017eadovat spravedliv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00fd \u0159\u00e1d. To, co bylo kdysi pova\u017eov\u00e1no za voln\u00fd region\u00e1ln\u00ed klub, se rozrostlo v geopolitickou platformu pro glob\u00e1ln\u00ed Jih \u2013 instituci, kter\u00e1 zpochyb\u0148uje hegemonii Z\u00e1padu nikoli r\u00e9torikou, ale roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00edm \u010dlenstv\u00ed, rostouc\u00edm ekonomick\u00fdm vlivem a spole\u010dnou politickou viz\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Z Pekingu hlasit\u011b rezonovalo poselstv\u00ed: \u00e9ra z\u00e1padn\u00ed hegemonie skon\u010dila. Multipolarita u\u017e nen\u00ed teorie \u2013 je to realita glob\u00e1ln\u00ed politiky a \u0160OS je motorem, kter\u00fd ji poh\u00e1n\u00ed vp\u0159ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Anal\u00fdza od\u00a0 <\/span>Farhada Ibragimova<\/span><\/strong> \u00a0\u2013 p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ej\u00edc\u00edho na Ekonomick\u00e9 fakult\u011b Univerzity RUDN<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

\"Farhad<\/a><\/div>\n
\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

To, co z\u00e1padn\u00ed m\u00e9dia ozna\u010dovala za \u201eklub autokrat\u016f\u201c, se rozrostlo v pl\u00e1n glob\u00e1ln\u00edho Jihu pro…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":86971,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,2181,9336,797,365],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/86970"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=86970"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/86970\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":86972,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/86970\/revisions\/86972"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/86971"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=86970"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=86970"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=86970"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}