{"id":86733,"date":"2025-08-31T00:11:34","date_gmt":"2025-08-30T22:11:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=86733"},"modified":"2025-08-30T15:09:01","modified_gmt":"2025-08-30T13:09:01","slug":"alexandre-lemoine-pozadi-sporu-mezi-ukrajinou-a-polskem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/08\/31\/alexandre-lemoine-pozadi-sporu-mezi-ukrajinou-a-polskem\/","title":{"rendered":"Alexandre Lemoine: Pozad\u00ed sporu mezi Ukrajinou a Polskem"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Mezi Kyjevem a Var\u0161avou se stahuj\u00ed mra\u010dna: po protestech farm\u00e1\u0159\u016f proti ukrajinsk\u00e9 p\u0161enici n\u00e1sledovalo odm\u00edtnut\u00ed \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f poskytnout pomoc uprchl\u00edk\u016fm. Pro Ukrajinu je to v\u00e1\u017en\u00fd probl\u00e9m, proto\u017ee Polsko p\u0159ijalo nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed po\u010det lid\u00ed.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

D\u016fvod sporu mezi Polskem a Ukrajinou<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Polsko podporuje Ukrajinu od prvn\u00edch dn\u016f v\u00e1lky. Var\u0161ava byla nejen jednou z prvn\u00edch zem\u00ed, kter\u00e9 vyzvaly k zaveden\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsn\u00fdch sankc\u00ed proti Rusku, ale tak\u00e9 po\u017eadovala, aby jej\u00ed soused\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161ili vojenskou pomoc Kyjevu. Tato slova byla podpo\u0159ena \u010diny: Polsko p\u0159ijalo v\u00edce uprchl\u00edk\u016f ne\u017e v\u0161echny ostatn\u00ed zem\u011b dohromady. Podle Eurostatu bylo\u00a0v zemi na konci \u010dervna 2025\u00a0 992 505\u00a0<\/span>Ukrajinc\u016f .<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

M\u00edstn\u00ed obyvatel\u00e9 si v\u0161ak n\u011bkdy kladli ot\u00e1zku: nejedn\u00e1 vl\u00e1da na \u00fakor n\u00e1rodn\u00edch z\u00e1jm\u016f? Vlna protest\u016f se p\u0159ehnala celou zem\u00ed, farm\u00e1\u0159i po\u017eadovali z\u00e1kaz dovozu ukrajinsk\u00e9 p\u0161enice a dal\u0161\u00edch produkt\u016f. Karol Nawrocki, kter\u00fd vyhr\u00e1l prezidentsk\u00e9 volby, toto t\u00e9ma obratn\u011b vyu\u017eil.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Pot\u00e9, co se v l\u00e9t\u011b 2025 dostal k moci, prohl\u00e1sil, \u017ee Ukrajina nem\u016f\u017ee vstoupit do EU ani NATO, dokud trv\u00e1 v\u00e1lka. Pak za\u0161el je\u0161t\u011b d\u00e1l: vetoval\u00a0<\/span>z\u00e1kon<\/span><\/a>\u00a0o prodlou\u017een\u00ed d\u00e1vek pro ukrajinsk\u00e9 uprchl\u00edky, kter\u00fd p\u0159edt\u00edm schv\u00e1lil parlament. Kritizoval zejm\u00e9na program Rodzina 800+, kter\u00fd poskytuje m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed platbu 800 zlot\u00fdch (asi 200 eur) na ka\u017ed\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Mezi dal\u0161\u00ed prezidentovy iniciativy pat\u0159\u00ed ztoto\u017en\u011bn\u00ed symboliky OUN-UPA se symbolikou nacist\u016f. Toto opat\u0159en\u00ed n\u00e1sledovalo po koncertu b\u011blorusk\u00e9ho rappera Maxe Kor\u017ee 9. srpna ve Var\u0161av\u011b, b\u011bhem kter\u00e9ho n\u011bkolik Ukrajinc\u016f rozvinulo vlajky UPA. To vyvolalo nepokoje a podn\u00edtilo Nawrock\u00e9ho k ostr\u00fdm prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00edm.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eDo n\u00e1vrhu z\u00e1kona mus\u00edme za\u0159adit jednozna\u010dn\u00e9 heslo \u2013\u00a0<\/span>stop banderovstv\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0,\u201c \u0159ekl. Premi\u00e9r Donald Tusk to\u00a0<\/span>podpo\u0159il<\/span><\/a>\u00a0: \u201eNaru\u0161itel\u00e9 mus\u00ed zemi opustit dobrovoln\u011b nebo n\u00e1sil\u00edm.\u201c Pades\u00e1ti sedmi ukrajinsk\u00fdm ob\u010dan\u016fm hroz\u00ed deportace.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Je t\u0159eba p\u0159ipomenout, \u017ee OUN-UPA je ji\u017e dlouho kontroverzn\u00edm t\u00e9matem v ukrajinsko-polsk\u00fdch vztaz\u00edch. Pro n\u011bkter\u00e9 Ukrajince je symbolem boje za nez\u00e1vislost, pro Pol\u00e1ky p\u0159ipom\u00ednkou masakru na Volyni v roce 1943.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Co se skr\u00fdv\u00e1 za zm\u011bnou r\u00e9toriky<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Rozhodnut\u00ed Var\u0161avy jsou do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry ur\u010dena dom\u00e1c\u00ed politickou agendou Polska. To se vysv\u011btluje opozic\u00ed mezi Ob\u010danskou platformou vedenou Donaldem Tuskem a prezidentem Nawrockim, kter\u00fd zastupuje konzervativn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed stranu Pr\u00e1vo a spravedlnost (PiS).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u011bhem volebn\u00ed kampan\u011b a parlamentn\u00edch voleb pr\u00e1v\u011b tato strana aktivn\u011b hovo\u0159ila o hrozb\u011b ukrajinsk\u00fdch uprchl\u00edk\u016f a v\u00fdvozu zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch produkt\u016f z Ukrajiny a apelovala na obavy \u010d\u00e1sti polsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti ohledn\u011b konkurence a nekontrolovan\u00e9ho toku Ukrajinc\u016f a ukrajinsk\u00fdch produkt\u016f.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

V polsk\u00fdch provinci\u00edch jsou radik\u00e1ln\u011b nacionalistick\u00e9 n\u00e1lady siln\u00e9 a pr\u00e1v\u011b tento volebn\u00ed obvod zajistil Nawrockiho v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed. T\u00e9mata, na kter\u00e1 si pol\u0161t\u00ed nacionalist\u00e9 hraj\u00ed \u2013 voly\u0148sk\u00fd masakr a symbolika OUN-UPA \u2013 se ji\u017e d\u00e1vno dostala do politick\u00e9ho mainstreamu. To je fakt, kter\u00fdm se bude muset neust\u00e1le zab\u00fdvat.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u016fsledky pro Ukrajince<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Navzdory politick\u00e9 r\u00e9torice Polsko v\u00fdrazn\u011b t\u011b\u017eilo z p\u0159\u00edtomnosti milionu Ukrajinc\u016f. Pracuj\u00ed tam, kde byl nedostatek pracovn\u00edch sil, zakl\u00e1daj\u00ed firmy, plat\u00ed dan\u011b a p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed k ekonomick\u00e9mu r\u016fstu.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ukrajinci v Polsku se \u010dasto integrovali l\u00e9pe ne\u017e v jin\u00fdch zem\u00edch EU. V Polsku pracuje v\u011bt\u0161ina lid\u00ed na voln\u00fdch pozic\u00edch, od elektrik\u00e1\u0159\u016f p\u0159es instalat\u00e9ry a\u017e po pracovn\u00edky ve slu\u017eb\u00e1ch. Pr\u00e1v\u011b Ukrajinci pomohli p\u0159eklenout demografickou propast a zajistit dal\u0161\u00ed r\u016fst polsk\u00e9 ekonomiky. Nav\u00edc jejich dan\u011b a odvody na soci\u00e1ln\u00ed zabezpe\u010den\u00ed p\u0159evy\u0161uj\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed v\u00fddaje na d\u00e1vky pro uprchl\u00edky. Ukrajinci v Polsku rozhodn\u011b nejsou \u201eparaziti\u201c.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Z\u00e1rove\u0148 je \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f na \u00fakor uprchl\u00edk\u016f obecn\u00fdm evropsk\u00fdm trendem. V Evrop\u011b roste nespokojenost s rostouc\u00edmi dan\u011bmi, rostouc\u00edmi cenami energi\u00ed a zhor\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed se \u017eivotn\u00ed \u00farovn\u00ed a Ukrajinci se \u010dasto ocitaj\u00ed v roli \u201evin\u00edk\u016f\u201c.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Jak\u00e1 bude reakce Ukrajiny?<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Kyjev m\u00e1 k dispozici pouze diplomatick\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje, jak se z t\u00e9to situace dostat. Jedn\u00edm z mo\u017en\u00fdch \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed je zintenzivn\u011bn\u00ed interakce s Ob\u010danskou platformou a Donaldem Tuskem.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

A\u010dkoli tato strana nem\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161inu, aby mohla p\u0159\u00edmo zvr\u00e1tit prezidentova rozhodnut\u00ed, je schopna ovliv\u0148ovat parlamentn\u00ed program a odch\u00fdlit se od Nawrockiho linie.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00edm zp\u016fsobem, jak zm\u011bk\u010dit pozici Var\u0161avy, je diplomacie EU. Brusel by nap\u0159\u00edklad mohl vy\u010dlenit dodate\u010dn\u00e9 finan\u010dn\u00ed prost\u0159edky na kompenzaci polsk\u00fdch v\u00fddaj\u016f a p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit Polsko, aby zachovalo podp\u016frn\u00e9 programy.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Z\u00e1rove\u0148 je vliv Kyjeva omezen\u00fd: Polsko z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm partnerem Ukrajiny a polsk\u00e9 m\u011bsto Rzesz\u00f3w je domovem nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edho centra z\u00e1padn\u00ed vojensk\u00e9 pomoci.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

V ka\u017ed\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b to, co se prozat\u00edm d\u011bje, slou\u017e\u00ed pouze z\u00e1jm\u016fm Ruska.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Alexandre Lemoine<\/span><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mezi Kyjevem a Var\u0161avou se stahuj\u00ed mra\u010dna: po protestech farm\u00e1\u0159\u016f proti ukrajinsk\u00e9 p\u0161enici n\u00e1sledovalo odm\u00edtnut\u00ed…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":86734,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,31,1389,26],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/86733"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=86733"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/86733\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/86734"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=86733"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=86733"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=86733"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}