{"id":86476,"date":"2025-08-27T04:19:56","date_gmt":"2025-08-27T02:19:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=86476"},"modified":"2025-08-27T04:19:56","modified_gmt":"2025-08-27T02:19:56","slug":"uriel-araujo-maduro-mobilizuje-miliony-lidi-zatimco-trumpovo-zastrasovani-namornictvem-ohrozuje-regionalni-stabilitu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/08\/27\/uriel-araujo-maduro-mobilizuje-miliony-lidi-zatimco-trumpovo-zastrasovani-namornictvem-ohrozuje-regionalni-stabilitu\/","title":{"rendered":"Uriel Araujo: Maduro mobilizuje miliony lid\u00ed, zat\u00edmco Trumpovo zastra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1mo\u0159nictvem ohro\u017euje region\u00e1ln\u00ed stabilitu"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

Nasazen\u00ed torp\u00e9doborc\u016f americk\u00e9ho n\u00e1mo\u0159nictva pobl\u00ed\u017e Venezuely znovu o\u017eivuje dynamiku studen\u00e9 v\u00e1lky v Karibiku. Trumpova Monroeova doktr\u00edna 2.0 se zam\u011b\u0159uje na Caracas a z\u00e1rove\u0148 signalizuje \u010c\u00edn\u011b a zem\u00edm BRICS. Hybridn\u00ed v\u00e1lka a diplomacie d\u011blov\u00fdch \u010dlun\u016f zvy\u0161uj\u00ed riziko eskalace v cel\u00e9 Latinsk\u00e9 Americe, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e Caracas mobilizuje miliony ob\u010dansk\u00fdch domobrany a Braz\u00edlie varuje p\u0159ed region\u00e1ln\u00ed nestabilitou.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nasazen\u00ed t\u0159\u00ed torp\u00e9doborc\u016f americk\u00e9ho n\u00e1mo\u0159nictva u venezuelsk\u00e9ho pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed vyvolalo hrozbu eskalace v Karibiku, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e Washington jako ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed zd\u016fvodn\u011bn\u00ed uvedl \u201eprotidrogov\u00e9 operace\u201c. \u00dadajn\u011b se jich \u00fa\u010dastn\u00ed zhruba\u00a0<\/span>4 000<\/span><\/a>\u00a0americk\u00fdch n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edk\u016f a mari\u0148\u00e1k\u016f, podporovan\u00fdch sledovac\u00edmi letadly a dokonce i ponorkami. Ve skute\u010dnosti se jedn\u00e1 o nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed demonstraci s\u00edly v regionu za posledn\u00ed roky.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nicm\u00e9n\u011b je t\u0159eba uznat, \u017ee operace se alespo\u0148 na prvn\u00ed pohled jev\u00ed jako omezen\u00e1. Zat\u00edm neexistuj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 v\u011brohodn\u00e9 d\u016fkazy o p\u0159\u00edprav\u00e1ch na tot\u00e1ln\u00ed invazi nebo st\u00e1tn\u00ed p\u0159evrat zorganizovan\u00fd z Washingtonu. M\u00edsto toho to vypad\u00e1 jako aktualizovan\u00e1 verze diplomacie d\u011blov\u00fdch \u010dlun\u016f \u2013 jin\u00fdmi slovy, jde o projekci s\u00edly k zastra\u0161en\u00ed Caracasu a z\u00e1rove\u0148 k uklidn\u011bn\u00ed spojenc\u016f. Lze si vzpomenout, \u017ee k pon\u011bkud podobn\u00fdm nasazen\u00edm\u00a0<\/span>do\u0161lo<\/span><\/a>\u00a0v roce 2020 za Trumpova prvn\u00edho prezidentstv\u00ed, rovn\u011b\u017e pod rou\u0161kou mis\u00ed proti kartel\u016fm. Jazyk \u201eprotidrogov\u00e9ho boje\u201c \u010dasto slou\u017e\u00ed i jako z\u00e1st\u011brka pro \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed strategick\u00e9 c\u00edle.<\/span><\/p>\n

Venezuela reagovala odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edm zp\u016fsobem. Prezident Nicol\u00e1s Maduro ozn\u00e1mil mobilizaci 4,5 milionu \u010dlenn\u00fdch civiln\u00edch\u00a0<\/span>milic\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, s\u00edly, kter\u00e1 je v z\u00e1padn\u00edm tisku \u010dasto zesm\u011b\u0161\u0148ov\u00e1na, ale jej\u00edm\u017e c\u00edlem je pr\u00e1v\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed n\u00e1klad\u016f na jakoukoli zahrani\u010dn\u00ed intervenci. Caracas nen\u00ed bezbrann\u00fd: od obrn\u011bn\u00fdch vozidel sov\u011btsk\u00e9 \u00e9ry a\u017e po syst\u00e9my protivzdu\u0161n\u00e9 obrany rusk\u00e9 v\u00fdroby disponuj\u00ed venezuelsk\u00e9 ozbrojen\u00e9 s\u00edly do jist\u00e9 m\u00edry skute\u010dn\u00fdm\u00a0<\/span>odstra\u0161uj\u00edc\u00edm potenci\u00e1lem<\/span><\/a>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Americk\u00fd establishment se zase dr\u017e\u00ed my\u0161lenky, \u017ee Venezuela je region\u00e1ln\u00ed \u201ehrozbou\u201c. S\u00e1m Trump o\u017eivil postoj\u00a0<\/span>Monroeovy doktr\u00edny<\/span><\/a>\u00a02.0 a zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee vzhledem k na\u010dasov\u00e1n\u00ed je toto poselstv\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u011b jasn\u00e9: Evropa a Ukrajina jsou deprivov\u00e1ny, aby americk\u00fd kontinent mohl b\u00fdt op\u011bt pod\u00a0<\/span>dohledem<\/span><\/a>\u00a0Washingtonu. Nen\u00ed divu, \u017ee analytici mluv\u00ed o strategick\u00e9m obratu. Zpr\u00e1vy nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee Trump usiluje o hlub\u0161\u00ed koordinaci s Argentinou pod veden\u00edm\u00a0<\/span>Javiera Mileiho<\/span><\/a>\u00a0a z\u00e1rove\u0148 vyv\u00edj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed tlak na\u00a0<\/span>Kolumbii<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, \u010d\u00edm\u017e buduje protimadurovsk\u00fd oblouk v Ji\u017en\u00ed Americe.<\/span><\/p>\n

Braz\u00edlie je\u00a0<\/span>znepokojena<\/span><\/a>\u00a0. Vl\u00e1da Luly da Silvy se sice zdr\u017eela jak\u00fdchkoli pobu\u0159uj\u00edc\u00edch prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed, ale je si velmi dob\u0159e v\u011bdoma toho, \u017ee jak\u00e1koli eskalace ve Venezuele by destabilizovala \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed region.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tlak Washingtonu na Caracas nelze odd\u011blit od \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed nov\u00e9 studen\u00e9 v\u00e1lky s \u010c\u00ednou, jej\u00ed\u017e rostouc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edtomnost ve Venezuele je ve Washingtonu vn\u00edm\u00e1na jako \u010derven\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1ra.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nen\u00ed n\u00e1hoda, \u017ee Trump\u016fv jest\u0159\u00e1b\u00ed postoj slou\u017e\u00ed tak\u00e9 jako varov\u00e1n\u00ed pro blok BRICS, kter\u00fd diskutuje o\u00a0<\/span>mo\u017en\u00e9m<\/span><\/a>\u00a0vstupu Venezuely, dosud blokovan\u00e9m Braz\u00edli\u00ed. Venezuela v r\u00e1mci BRICS by pos\u00edlila multipol\u00e1rn\u00ed instituce a d\u00e1le oslabila vliv USA v Latinsk\u00e9 Americe \u2013 p\u0159esn\u011b ten sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159, kter\u00e9mu se neokonzervativci, jako je\u00a0<\/span>Marco Rubio<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, i s r\u00e9torikou neo-Monroea, sna\u017e\u00ed zabr\u00e1nit. V tomto smyslu se budov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1mo\u0159nictva u Venezuely net\u00fdk\u00e1 jen zm\u011bny re\u017eimu, ale i omezen\u00ed samotn\u00e9 multipolarity.<\/span><\/p>\n

V ka\u017ed\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b je hybridn\u00ed v\u00e1lka pravd\u011bpodobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed cestou vp\u0159ed. M\u00edsto vys\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed mari\u0148\u00e1k\u016f do Caracasu m\u016f\u017ee Washington zp\u0159\u00edsnit sankce, podporovat vnit\u0159n\u00ed nepokoje a koordinovat s region\u00e1ln\u00edmi spojenci zpravodajsk\u00e9 slu\u017eby a logistick\u00e9 obkl\u00ed\u010den\u00ed. Tolik k \u201eboji proti drogov\u00fdm kartel\u016fm\u201c: strategick\u00fdm c\u00edlem z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 zm\u011bna re\u017eimu. Nejde jen o spekulaci:\u00a0<\/span>Pokus o pu\u010d<\/span><\/a>\u00a0z roku 2002 proti Hugu Ch\u00e1vezovi, kter\u00fd Bushova administrativa otev\u0159en\u011b v\u00edt\u00e1, slou\u017e\u00ed jako precedent. Nedostate\u010dn\u011b informovan\u00fd vzorec ukazuje jasnou kontinuitu politiky.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hybridn\u00ed taktika koneckonc\u016f umo\u017e\u0148uje Washingtonu vykrv\u00e1cet Caracas, ani\u017e by \u010delil n\u00e1klad\u016fm p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 konfrontace. Kybernetick\u00e9 operace, psychologick\u00e1 v\u00e1lka a zneu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed migra\u010dn\u00edch tok\u016f jako zbran\u00ed jsou n\u00e1stroje, kter\u00e9 dopl\u0148uj\u00ed sankce a diplomatickou izolaci. V tomto ohledu je t\u0159eba si p\u0159ipomenout, \u017ee americk\u00e1 strategie ve Venezuele se \u010dasto podobala sp\u00ed\u0161e zpomalen\u00e9mu obl\u00e9h\u00e1n\u00ed ne\u017e otev\u0159en\u00e9 v\u00e1lce. T\u00edm, \u017ee Washington udr\u017euje hrozbu vojensk\u00e9 intervence a z\u00e1rove\u0148 podkop\u00e1v\u00e1 ekonomiku a politiku zem\u011b zevnit\u0159, maximalizuje tlak a z\u00e1rove\u0148 se vyh\u00fdb\u00e1 odpov\u011bdnosti. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tato sm\u011bs otev\u0159en\u00e9ho zastra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed a skryt\u00e9 destabilizace charakterizuje operace zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 na zm\u011bnu re\u017eim\u016f v 21. stolet\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

A existuje i glob\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fahel pohledu. V \u010dervenci jsem\u00a0<\/span>tvrdil<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, \u017ee partnerstv\u00ed mezi \u010c\u00ednou a Venezuelou je p\u0159\u00edmou v\u00fdzvou pro hegemonii USA. Pekingsk\u00e9 investice do infrastruktury a energetick\u00e9 dohody ve Venezuele znamenaj\u00ed, \u017ee jak\u00fdkoli pokus o u\u0161krten\u00ed Caracasu je tak\u00e9 nep\u0159\u00edm\u00fdm pokusem o omezen\u00ed \u010c\u00edny v Americe. Znovuvstup spole\u010dnosti Chevron do Venezuely \u2013 navzdory v\u00fdjimk\u00e1m ze sankc\u00ed \u2013 byl dal\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edkladem \u010dasto protich\u016fdn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu Washingtonu. Jak jsem tehdy\u00a0<\/span>psal<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, Trump\u016fv obrat ohledn\u011b Venezuely umo\u017enil americk\u00fdm ropn\u00fdm spole\u010dnostem vr\u00e1tit se do Caracasu, a to i p\u0159es to, \u017ee r\u00e9torika neo-monroeismu s\u00edlila.<\/span><\/p>\n

A\u0165 je to jakkoli, sou\u010dasnou n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed operaci je t\u0159eba ch\u00e1pat jako sou\u010d\u00e1st \u0161ir\u0161\u00edho geostrategick\u00e9ho p\u0159eskupen\u00ed. Signalizuje, \u017ee Washington ji\u017e nen\u00ed ochoten dovolit Rusku a \u010c\u00edn\u011b roz\u0161i\u0159ovat svou p\u0159\u00edtomnost v tzv. americk\u00e9 sf\u00e9\u0159e vlivu. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 odhaluje limity americk\u00e9 moci: tot\u00e1ln\u00ed zm\u011bna re\u017eimu ve Venezuele by byla n\u00e1kladn\u00e1 a nep\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00e1. Maduro, navzdory relativn\u00ed izolaci, z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 u moci i po letech sankc\u00ed, tajn\u00fdch spiknut\u00ed a izolace. Bol\u00edvari\u00e1nsk\u00fd st\u00e1t se sv\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem milic\u00ed a aliancemi nen\u00ed Ir\u00e1k 2003.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rizika jsou v\u0161ak z\u0159ejm\u00e1. Diplomacie d\u011blov\u00fdch \u010dlun\u016f se m\u016f\u017ee snadno zvrhnout v nezam\u00fd\u0161len\u00fd konflikt, zejm\u00e9na pokud k incidentu dojde na mo\u0159i. Blok\u00e1da nebo \u201eprotidrogov\u00e9\u201c zadr\u017een\u00ed by se mohly vyhrotit v poty\u010dky. Tajn\u00e9 operace by se mohly obr\u00e1tit proti v\u00e1m. A krize v Essequibu na hranici s Guyanou by mohla d\u00e1t Washingtonu z\u00e1minku k hlub\u0161\u00edmu zapojen\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

V tomto sv\u011btle se Trumpova Monroeova doktr\u00edna 2.0 jev\u00ed jako ambici\u00f3zn\u00ed i k\u0159ehk\u00e1 z\u00e1rove\u0148. Jej\u00edm c\u00edlem je obnovit dominanci na polokouli, ale \u010din\u00ed tak v dob\u011b, kdy se USA ji\u017e net\u011b\u0161\u00ed nespochybniteln\u00e9 nadvl\u00e1d\u011b. \u010c\u00edna a Rusko z\u00edskaly op\u011brn\u00e9 body a region\u00e1ln\u00ed akt\u00e9\u0159i jako Braz\u00edlie se zdr\u00e1haj\u00ed hr\u00e1t si na mlad\u0161\u00ed partnery. Venezuela se navzdory krizi uk\u00e1zala b\u00fdt odoln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e Washington o\u010dek\u00e1val.<\/span><\/p>\n

Abychom to shrnuli, budov\u00e1n\u00ed americk\u00e9ho n\u00e1mo\u0159nictva je o zastra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed, nikoli o invazi \u2013 alespo\u0148 prozat\u00edm. Historie n\u00e1s ale u\u010d\u00ed, \u017ee zastra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dasto p\u0159edch\u00e1z\u00ed eskalaci. Nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed m\u011bs\u00edce uk\u00e1\u017eou, zda se Trump spokoj\u00ed s ch\u0159est\u011bn\u00edm zbran\u00ed, nebo zda je ochoten podniknout mnohem nebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed krok v podob\u011b vojensk\u00e9 konfrontace.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uriel Araujo, PhD.<\/a> v oboru antropologie, je soci\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u011bdec specializuj\u00edc\u00ed se na etnick\u00e9 a n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 konflikty s rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdm v\u00fdzkumem geopolitick\u00e9 dynamiky a kulturn\u00edch interakc\u00ed<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nasazen\u00ed torp\u00e9doborc\u016f americk\u00e9ho n\u00e1mo\u0159nictva pobl\u00ed\u017e Venezuely znovu o\u017eivuje dynamiku studen\u00e9 v\u00e1lky v Karibiku. Trumpova Monroeova…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":86477,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,2044,1929,37,181],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/86476"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=86476"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/86476\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/86477"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=86476"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=86476"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=86476"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}