{"id":85168,"date":"2025-08-08T00:18:59","date_gmt":"2025-08-07T22:18:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=85168"},"modified":"2025-08-07T16:00:57","modified_gmt":"2025-08-07T14:00:57","slug":"cina-nechce-byt-zasazena-raketami-vyrobenymi-z-jejich-soucastek","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/08\/08\/cina-nechce-byt-zasazena-raketami-vyrobenymi-z-jejich-soucastek\/","title":{"rendered":"\u010c\u00edna nechce b\u00fdt zasa\u017eena raketami vyroben\u00fdmi z jej\u00edch sou\u010d\u00e1stek"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Dlouhodob\u00e9 pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010c\u00edny j\u00ed umo\u017enilo z\u00edskat n\u011bkter\u00e9 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 v\u00fdhody, kter\u00e9 nyn\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k \u010dele ekonomick\u00fdm a jin\u00fdm \u00fatok\u016fm na zemi.<\/p>\n

Rafinace kov\u016f vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch zemin a v\u00fdroba magnet\u016f z nich je jen jednou z n\u011bkolika v\u00fdhod, kter\u00e9 z toho plynou. Tyto kovy nejsou skute\u010dn\u011b vz\u00e1cn\u00e9. Obvykle jsou vedlej\u0161\u00edmi produkty rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 t\u011b\u017eby jin\u00fdch nerost\u016f. Jejich rafinace v\u0161ak byla pova\u017eov\u00e1na za \u0161kodlivou pro \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Je ziskov\u00e1 pouze ve velk\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku. B\u011bhem posledn\u00edch dvou desetilet\u00ed se \u010c\u00edn\u011b poda\u0159ilo v t\u00e9to oblasti vybudovat t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 monopol.<\/p>\n

Magnety ze vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch zemin mohou b\u00fdt mal\u00e9, ale pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed se v \u0161irok\u00e9 \u0161k\u00e1le produkt\u016f. Jsou levn\u00e9, ale nepostradateln\u00e9 a obt\u00ed\u017en\u011b nahraditeln\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Jakmile se Trumpova administrativa pokusila zav\u00e9st na \u010c\u00ednu vysok\u00e1 cla, zem\u011b reagovala odvetn\u00fdmi opat\u0159en\u00edmi. V\u00fdvoz produkt\u016f vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch zemin byl zastaven, dokud nebyl zaveden schvalovac\u00ed proces.<\/p>\n

Tyto produkty jsou nyn\u00ed pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za zbo\u017e\u00ed dvoj\u00edho u\u017eit\u00ed. \u010c\u00edna povoluje v\u00fdvoz t\u011bchto produkt\u016f pro civiln\u00ed \u00fa\u010dely, ale stav\u00ed se proti jejich pou\u017eit\u00ed p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b zbran\u00ed. Chce se vyhnout z\u00e1sahu americk\u00fdmi raketami obsahuj\u00edc\u00edmi sou\u010d\u00e1stky ozna\u010den\u00e9 \u201eVyrobeno v \u010c\u00edn\u011b\u201c. Je t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 ji za to vinit.<\/p>\n

V dne\u0161n\u00edm vyd\u00e1n\u00ed Wall Street Journal je na toto t\u00e9ma p\u011bkn\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nek:<\/p>\n

\u010c\u00edna omezuje dod\u00e1vky kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch nerostn\u00fdch surovin z\u00e1padn\u00edm obrann\u00fdm spole\u010dnostem \u2013 WSJ via MSN<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

Za\u010d\u00e1tkem tohoto roku, s rostouc\u00edm obchodn\u00edm nap\u011bt\u00edm mezi USA a \u010c\u00ednou, Peking zp\u0159\u00edsnil kontrolu v\u00fdvozu vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch zemin. Pot\u00e9, co Trumpova administrativa v \u010dervnu souhlasila s \u0159adou obchodn\u00edch \u00fastupk\u016f, Peking povolil dovoz vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch zemin, ale tyto miner\u00e1ly, kter\u00e9 jsou pro obranu kritick\u00e9, udr\u017eel v tajnosti. \u010c\u00edna dod\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 90 % sv\u011btov\u00fdch z\u00e1sob vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch zemin a dominuje v produkci mnoha dal\u0161\u00edch kritick\u00fdch miner\u00e1l\u016f.<\/em>
\n…
\nZat\u00edmco se spole\u010dnosti v posledn\u00edch letech sna\u017eily naj\u00edt alternativn\u00ed zdroje t\u011bchto miner\u00e1l\u016f, n\u011bkter\u00e9 z t\u011bchto prvk\u016f jsou natolik specifick\u00e9, \u017ee je nelze na Z\u00e1pad\u011b ekonomicky vyr\u00e1b\u011bt, tvrd\u00ed vedouc\u00ed pracovn\u00edci v tomto odv\u011btv\u00ed.<\/em>
\n…
\nKrom\u011b nov\u011bj\u0161\u00edch kontrol v\u00fdvozu vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch zemin \u010c\u00edna od prosince zak\u00e1zala prodej germania, galia a antimonu do USA, kter\u00e9 se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad k kalen\u00ed olov\u011bn\u00fdch st\u0159el a projektil\u016f a umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed voj\u00e1k\u016fm vid\u011bt v noci.<\/em><\/p>\n

Je ohromuj\u00edc\u00ed, kolik vojensk\u00fdch produkt\u016f tyto kovy pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1:<\/p>\n

V\u00edce ne\u017e 80 000 sou\u010d\u00e1stek pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch ve zbra\u0148ov\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech Ministerstva obrany se vyr\u00e1b\u00ed z kritick\u00fdch miner\u00e1l\u016f, kter\u00e9 nyn\u00ed podl\u00e9haj\u00ed \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdm kontrol\u00e1m v\u00fdvozu, uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed data softwarov\u00e9 firmy Govini, kter\u00e1 se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 obrann\u00fdm softwarem. T\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161echny dodavatelsk\u00e9 \u0159et\u011bzce kritick\u00fdch miner\u00e1l\u016f pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch Pentagonem z\u00e1vis\u00ed na alespo\u0148 jednom \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9m dodavateli, uv\u00e1d\u00ed Govini, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee omezen\u00ed ze strany Pekingu by mohla zp\u016fsobit rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 naru\u0161en\u00ed provozu.<\/em><\/p>\n

Od zp\u0159\u00edsn\u011bn\u00ed kontrol v\u00fdvozu za\u010d\u00e1tkem tohoto roku \u010c\u00edna vy\u017eaduje od spole\u010dnost\u00ed, aby poskytovaly rozs\u00e1hlou dokumentaci o pou\u017eit\u00ed vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch zemin a magnet\u016f, kter\u00e9 dov\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed. \u010c\u00ednsk\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady \u010dasto po\u017eaduj\u00ed citliv\u00e9 informace, jako jsou obr\u00e1zky produkt\u016f a dokonce i fotografie v\u00fdrobn\u00edch linek, aby se ujistily, \u017ee \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd z materi\u00e1l\u016f nen\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n pro vojensk\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely, \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed z\u00e1padn\u00ed kupuj\u00edc\u00ed.<\/em><\/p>\n

Z\u00e1padn\u00ed spole\u010dnost, kter\u00e1 dod\u00e1v\u00e1 \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 magnety ze vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch zemin civiln\u00edm i obrann\u00fdm spole\u010dnostem, uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee jej\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dosti o dovoz magnet\u016f byly ned\u00e1vno schv\u00e1leny pro mnoho civiln\u00edch pou\u017eit\u00ed, ale v oblasti obrany a letectv\u00ed byly zam\u00edtnuty nebo odlo\u017eeny.<\/em><\/p>\n

V\u00fdrobci dron\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed podn\u011bcuj\u00ed v\u00e1lku na Ukrajin\u011b, jsou obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b posti\u017eeni. Lehk\u00e9 motory dron\u016f k fungov\u00e1n\u00ed pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed magnety ze vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch zemin.<\/p>\n

USA nemohou proti \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdm licen\u010dn\u00edm postup\u016fm nic d\u011blat. Alespo\u0148 dokud se magnety prod\u00e1vaj\u00ed pro civiln\u00ed \u00fa\u010dely:<\/p>\n

\u010c\u00edna v \u010dervnu vyvezla do Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f 352,8 tun magnet\u016f ze vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch zemin, uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed \u00fadaje zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e9 Obchodn\u00ed a pr\u016fmyslovou komorou. Agentura Reuters uvedla, \u017ee \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fd v\u00fdvoz magnet\u016f ze vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch zemin do Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f se v \u010dervnu ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s kv\u011btnem zv\u00fd\u0161il v\u00edce ne\u017e sedmkr\u00e1t.<\/em><\/p>\n

Odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed hodnota v\u00fdvozu magnet\u016f ze vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch zemin do Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f \u010dinila v \u010dervnu 16,08 milionu dolar\u016f, oproti 2,42 milionu dolar\u016f v kv\u011btnu, uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed data GAC.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u010c\u00ednsk\u00fd v\u00fdvoz vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch zemin do zahrani\u010d\u00ed se v \u010dervnu obecn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161il a udr\u017eel si tak tempo r\u016fstu z p\u0159edchoz\u00edho m\u011bs\u00edce.<\/em><\/p>\n

V \u010dervnu \u010c\u00edna podle GAC vyvezla 7 742,2 tun vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch zemin, co\u017e je o 32 procent v\u00edce ne\u017e v p\u0159edchoz\u00edm m\u011bs\u00edci a o 60,3 procenta v\u00edce ne\u017e v \u010dervnu 2024.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u010c\u00ednsk\u00fd export vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch zemin v \u010dervnu vzrostl na nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed objem od roku 2009, uvedla v pond\u011bl\u00ed agentura Bloomberg s odvol\u00e1n\u00edm na ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fadaje.<\/em><\/p>\n

Americk\u00fd zbrojn\u00ed pr\u016fmysl je v panice. \u010c\u00edna pron\u00e1sleduje pa\u0161er\u00e1ky, kte\u0159\u00ed se sna\u017e\u00ed obej\u00edt jej\u00ed z\u00e1kazy. Alternativn\u00ed zdroje prost\u011b neexistuj\u00ed.<\/em><\/p>\n

Pentagon \u010del\u00ed kroku \u010c\u00edny financov\u00e1n\u00edm nov\u00fdch v\u00fdrobn\u00edch linek v USA:<\/p>\n

Ministerstvo obrany ud\u011blilo granty na roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed v\u00fdroby specializovan\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b 14 milion\u016f dolar\u016f v lo\u0148sk\u00e9m roce kanadsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti na v\u00fdrobu germaniov\u00fdch substr\u00e1t\u016f pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch v sol\u00e1rn\u00edch \u010dl\u00e1nc\u00edch pro obrann\u00e9 satelity. V \u010dervenci Pentagon u\u010dinil je\u0161t\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed krok, kdy\u017e souhlasil se zaplacen\u00edm 400 milion\u016f dolar\u016f za pod\u00edl ve spole\u010dnosti MP Materials, provozovateli nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edho dolu na vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 zeminy v Americe, kter\u00fd rychle roz\u0161i\u0159uje svou kapacitu v\u00fdroby magnet\u016f.<\/em><\/p>\n

V prvn\u00edm \u010dtvrtlet\u00ed roku 2025 dos\u00e1hla spole\u010dnost MP Materials tr\u017eeb ve v\u00fd\u0161i\u00a061 milion\u016f dolar\u016f a ztr\u00e1ty 23 milion\u016f dolar\u016f<\/a>\u00a0.<\/p>\n

Proto\u017ee \u010c\u00edna ji\u017e dobyla glob\u00e1ln\u00ed civiln\u00ed trh s magnety, m\u016f\u017ee je vyr\u00e1b\u011bt ve velk\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku a se ziskem. Americk\u00e1 spole\u010dnost bude m\u00edt pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b jen velmi omezen\u00fd po\u010det z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed budou muset platit velmi vysok\u00e9 ceny.<\/p>\n

\u010clov\u011bk se pt\u00e1, jak\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed potenci\u00e1ln\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 meziprodukty \u010c\u00edna ml\u010dky monopolizovala.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Zdroj<\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n

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 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dlouhodob\u00e9 pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010c\u00edny j\u00ed umo\u017enilo z\u00edskat n\u011bkter\u00e9 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 v\u00fdhody, kter\u00e9 nyn\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k \u010dele ekonomick\u00fdm…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":61961,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[30,349,7942,37],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/85168"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=85168"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/85168\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/61961"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=85168"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=85168"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=85168"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}