{"id":84564,"date":"2025-07-29T07:26:41","date_gmt":"2025-07-29T05:26:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=84564"},"modified":"2025-07-29T07:26:41","modified_gmt":"2025-07-29T05:26:41","slug":"vice-nez-60-globalniho-oteplovani-od-roku-2001-je-zpusobeno-snizenym-znecistenim-tvrdi-britsti-vedci","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/07\/29\/vice-nez-60-globalniho-oteplovani-od-roku-2001-je-zpusobeno-snizenym-znecistenim-tvrdi-britsti-vedci\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u00edce ne\u017e 60 % glob\u00e1ln\u00edho oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed od roku 2001 je zp\u016fsobeno sn\u00ed\u017een\u00fdm zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm, tvrd\u00ed brit\u0161t\u00ed v\u011bdci"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Anal\u00fdza dat CERES z let 2001 a\u017e 2019 nazna\u010duje, \u017ee nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm faktorem glob\u00e1ln\u00edho oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed od roku 2001 bylo sp\u00ed\u0161e sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed oxidem si\u0159i\u010dit\u00fdm (SO\u2082) ne\u017e zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho (CO\u2082) v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci z Exetersk\u00e9 univerzity zjistili, \u017ee sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed atmosf\u00e9ry oxidem si\u0159i\u010dit\u00fdm zp\u016fsobilo, \u017ee mraky ztmavly, co\u017e odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b slune\u010dn\u00edho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed do vesm\u00edru, co\u017e vede ke glob\u00e1ln\u00edmu oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Na\u00a0<\/span>klimatick\u00e9 konferenci v Exeteru<\/span><\/a>\u00a0za\u010d\u00e1tkem tohoto m\u011bs\u00edce p\u0159edstavili v\u011bdci z Exetersk\u00e9 univerzity, profesor Peter Cox a Margaux Marchant, prvn\u00ed v\u00fdsledky sv\u00e9 anal\u00fdzy dat z CERES, jak\u00a0minul\u00fd t\u00fdden\u00a0informoval\u00a0<\/a><\/span>\u010dasopis New Scientist<\/span><\/em>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Peter Cox je profesorem dynamiky klimatick\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f v matematice a \u0159editelem Institutu glob\u00e1ln\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f na Univerzit\u011b v Exeteru. Je hlavn\u00edm autorem \u010dtvrt\u00e9, p\u00e1t\u00e9 a \u0161est\u00e9 hodnot\u00edc\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy Mezivl\u00e1dn\u00edho panelu OSN pro zm\u011bnu klimatu (IPCC) a \u010dlenem V\u011bdeck\u00e9ho poradn\u00edho v\u00fdboru britsk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy (DEFRA).<\/span><\/p>\n

Od roku 2001 m\u011b\u0159\u00ed satelitn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstroje zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako CERES mno\u017estv\u00ed slune\u010dn\u00edho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed odra\u017een\u00e9ho zp\u011bt do vesm\u00edru v porovn\u00e1n\u00ed s mno\u017estv\u00edm absorbovan\u00fdm Zem\u00ed. Tato m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed nazna\u010duj\u00ed pokles albeda planety, neboli schopnosti Zem\u011b odr\u00e1\u017eet slune\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed. V d\u016fsledku toho Zem\u011b st\u00e1le v\u00edce tmavne, co\u017e vede k dal\u0161\u00edmu oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pro pokles albeda Zem\u011b by mohlo existovat n\u011bkolik d\u016fvod\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b \u00fabytku sn\u011bhu, mo\u0159sk\u00e9ho ledu a obla\u010dnosti. Anal\u00fdza dat CERES od Coxe a Marchanta z let 2001 a\u017e 2019 v\u0161ak ukazuje, \u017ee nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm faktorem je ztmavnut\u00ed mrak\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eJe zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed s\u00edrany z pr\u016fmyslu a lod\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee zv\u00fd\u0161it hustotu kapi\u010dek v oblac\u00edch, \u010d\u00edm\u017e je \u010din\u00ed jasn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi nebo reflexn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi. To je z\u00e1klad pro navrhovanou formu geoin\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed zn\u00e1mou jako zjas\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed mo\u0159sk\u00fdch oblak\u016f,\u201c uv\u00e1d\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>New Scientist<\/span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Marchant a Cox zkoumali, zda pokles jasnosti oblak\u016f odpov\u00edd\u00e1 oblastem, kde se zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed SO\u2082 sni\u017euje, a zjistili, \u017ee tomu tak je.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eDv\u011b t\u0159etiny glob\u00e1ln\u00edho oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed od roku 2001 byly zp\u016fsobeny sp\u00ed\u0161e sn\u00ed\u017een\u00edm emis\u00ed SO\u2082 ne\u017e n\u00e1r\u016fstem emis\u00ed CO\u2082,\u201c \u0159ekl profesor Cox.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Laura Wilcoxov\u00e1 z Univerzity v Readingu ve Spojen\u00e9m kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se studie nepod\u00edlela, byla v\u00fdsledky Coxe a Marchanta povzbuzena, ale pouk\u00e1zala na to, \u017ee pou\u017eit\u00e9 soubory dat maj\u00ed omezen\u00ed, proto\u017ee data o zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed SO\u2082 byla od proveden\u00ed anal\u00fdzy aktualizov\u00e1na.<\/span><\/p>\n

Wilcoxov\u00e1 tak\u00e9 pouk\u00e1zala na dv\u011b ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 studie[1], kter\u00e9 nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee ztmavnut\u00ed je zp\u016fsobeno sp\u00ed\u0161e zmen\u0161en\u00edm obla\u010dnosti ne\u017e tmav\u0161\u00edmi mraky. \u201eP\u0159\u00ed\u010diny ned\u00e1vn\u00fdch trend\u016f ztmavov\u00e1n\u00ed jsou v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b horce diskutovan\u00fdm t\u00e9matem,\u201c uvedla.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jejich vlastn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum v\u0161ak podporuje z\u00e1v\u011br, \u017ee ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 zrychlen\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00edho oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed je zp\u016fsobeno p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm poklesem zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed a \u017ee tento efekt bude pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b do\u010dasn\u00fd.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rhoda Wilsonov\u00e1<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Reference:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n