{"id":84302,"date":"2025-07-26T00:18:12","date_gmt":"2025-07-25T22:18:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=84302"},"modified":"2025-07-25T12:02:25","modified_gmt":"2025-07-25T10:02:25","slug":"pepe-escobar-odpor-putina-ciny-a-iranu-vuci-trumpove-valce-proti-brics","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/07\/26\/pepe-escobar-odpor-putina-ciny-a-iranu-vuci-trumpove-valce-proti-brics\/","title":{"rendered":"Pepe Escobar: Odpor Putina, \u010c\u00edny a \u00cdr\u00e1nu v\u016f\u010di Trumpov\u011b v\u00e1lce proti BRICS"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<p><span>Sv\u011bt se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v geopolitick\u00e9m bod\u011b zlomu, kdy roste nap\u011bt\u00ed mezi glob\u00e1ln\u00edm Jihem, veden\u00fdm BRICS, a Z\u00e1padem, zejm\u00e9na USA pod veden\u00edm Donalda Trumpa. Ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 \u017eiv\u00e9 vys\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed novin\u00e1\u0159e a geopolitick\u00e9ho analytika Pepe Escobara a Aliho Abunimaha, redaktora\u00a0<\/span><em><span>Electronic Intifada<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0, zd\u016fraznilo eskalaci konfrontace mezi NATO, USA a BRICS. Escobar popisuje tuto konfrontaci jako \u201ev\u00e1lku proti BRICS\u201c na t\u0159ech front\u00e1ch: Rusko, \u010c\u00edna a \u00cdr\u00e1n. Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek shrnuje kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 body diskuse a analyzuje strategick\u00fd v\u00fdvoj, kter\u00fd by mohl zm\u011bnit glob\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159\u00e1d.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Pepe Escobar: Putin, \u010c\u00edna a \u00cdr\u00e1n ROZDRTILI Trumpovu v\u00e1lku proti BRICS (s Alim Abunimah)\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/vfHmMD-ENp4?feature=oembed\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span>Trump\u016fv \u00fatok na BRICS: Zoufal\u00e1 reakce<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span>Podle Escobara agresivn\u00ed r\u00e9torika a politika Donalda Trumpa v\u016f\u010di zem\u00edm BRICS \u2013 zejm\u00e9na po ned\u00e1vn\u00e9m summitu BRICS v Rio de Janeiru \u2013 nazna\u010duj\u00ed rostouc\u00ed zoufalstv\u00ed mezi americkou elitou. Trump, kter\u00fd podle Escobara sotva ch\u00e1pe BRICS a jejich v\u00fdznam, pohrozil bezprost\u0159edn\u011b po summitu uvalen\u00edm vysok\u00fdch sank\u010dn\u00edch cel na Braz\u00edlii. Escobar cituje Trumpa p\u0159\u00edmo:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em>\u201eKdy\u017e jsem sly\u0161el o t\u00e9to skupin\u011b BRICS, v podstat\u011b o \u0161esti zem\u00edch, tvrd\u011b jsem je zas\u00e1hl. A pokud se n\u011bkdy skute\u010dn\u011b v\u00fdznamn\u011b zformuj\u00ed, skon\u010d\u00ed to velmi rychle. \u0158\u00edk\u00e1m v\u00e1m, \u017ee dlouho nevydr\u017e\u00ed. Mysl\u00edm si, \u017ee v\u016fbec ne. Jedin\u00e9, na co mysl\u00ed, je dedolarizace. Prakticky se m\u011b boj\u00ed.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n<p><span>Toto prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed ukazuje nejen Trumpovu neznalost BRICS (kter\u00e1 ve skute\u010dnosti sest\u00e1v\u00e1 z deseti plnohodnotn\u00fdch \u010dlen\u016f a mnoha partnersk\u00fdch zem\u00ed), ale tak\u00e9 jeho fixaci na dedolarizaci jako hrozbu pro glob\u00e1ln\u00ed dominanci USA. Escobar zd\u016fraz\u0148uje, \u017ee Trumpovy hrozby a politika NATO, kterou podporuje, jsou reakc\u00ed na rostouc\u00ed moc a integraci zem\u00ed BRICS, kter\u00e9 usiluj\u00ed o nov\u00fd syst\u00e9m mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch vztah\u016f \u2013 syst\u00e9m, v n\u011bm\u017e nebudou dominovat z\u00e1padn\u00ed instituce.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Summit BRICS v Riu, kter\u00fd Escobar ozna\u010dil za \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd navzdory n\u00edzk\u00fdm o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm, p\u0159inesl komplexn\u00ed deklaraci nasti\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed vizi BRICS pro sv\u011btov\u00fd \u0159\u00e1d po Brettonwoodsk\u00e9 dohod\u011b. Tato deklarace o 138 bodech zd\u016fraz\u0148uje podporu obchodn\u00edch vztah\u016f v n\u00e1rodn\u00edch m\u011bn\u00e1ch, pos\u00edlen\u00ed ekonomick\u00e9 integrace a podporu iniciativ ob\u010dansk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, jako je Rada \u017een BRICS a Ob\u010dansk\u00e1 rada BRICS. Takov\u00fd v\u00fdvoj, kter\u00e9mu se na Z\u00e1pad\u011b v\u011bnuje jen mal\u00e1 pozornost, ukazuje hloubku a slo\u017eitost integrace BRICS, kter\u00e1 sah\u00e1 daleko za hranice summit\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span>Braz\u00edlie jako c\u00edl hybridn\u00ed v\u00e1lky<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span>\u00dast\u0159edn\u00edm bodem Escobarovy anal\u00fdzy je c\u00edlen\u00fd \u00fatok na Braz\u00edlii, kter\u00e1 byla ozna\u010dena za \u201eslab\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nek\u201c BRICS. Trump pohrozil zaveden\u00edm 50% cel na brazilsk\u00fd export, a to i p\u0159esto, \u017ee USA si s Braz\u00edli\u00ed ji\u017e 15 let udr\u017euj\u00ed obchodn\u00ed p\u0159ebytek ve v\u00fd\u0161i p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 400 miliard dolar\u016f. Podle Escobara je toto opat\u0159en\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b obchodn\u00edm sporem ne\u017e \u00fatokem na brazilskou n\u00e1rodn\u00ed suverenitu a jej\u00ed roli jako zakl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00edho \u010dlena BRICS.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Je zaj\u00edmav\u00e9, \u017ee tato hrozba sjednotila Braz\u00edlii. Escobar popisuje, jak brazilsk\u00e1 spole\u010dnost, navzdory hlubok\u00e9mu politick\u00e9mu rozd\u011blen\u00ed mezi Lulov\u00fdmi a Bolsonarov\u00fdmi podporovateli, byla Trumpov\u00fdmi \u010diny pos\u00edlena v jej\u00edm odhodl\u00e1n\u00ed br\u00e1nit n\u00e1rodn\u00ed suverenitu. Lula toho vyu\u017eil k obnoven\u00ed sv\u00e9ho motta \u201esuverenity\u201c, principu, kter\u00fd poh\u00e1n\u00ed i Rusko, \u010c\u00ednu a \u00cdr\u00e1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em>\u201eTrumpovy hrozby daly Braz\u00edlii dar,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Escobar. \u201e\u00datok na brazilskou suverenitu vytvo\u0159il n\u00e1rodn\u00ed jednotu, kter\u00e1 d\u0159\u00edve chyb\u011bla.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span>Rusko, \u010c\u00edna a \u00cdr\u00e1n: Nov\u00e1 konstelace \u201eRIC\u201c<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span>Escobar p\u0159edstavuje koncept nov\u00e9ho \u201ePrimakovova troj\u00faheln\u00edku\u201c, kter\u00fd p\u016fvodn\u011b v 90. letech 20. stolet\u00ed zformuloval Jevgenij Primakov jako Rusko-Indie-\u010c\u00edna (RIC). Dnes Escobar vid\u00ed posun sm\u011brem ke konstelaci Ruska, \u010c\u00edny a \u00cdr\u00e1nu (\u201eRI\u201c) s mo\u017enost\u00ed zahrnut\u00ed Indon\u00e9sie jako \u010dtvrt\u00e9ho \u010dlena. Tyto zem\u011b tvo\u0159\u00ed v \u010dele hnut\u00ed BRICS, proto\u017ee podle Escobara Indie ztr\u00e1c\u00ed vliv kv\u016fli naru\u0161en\u00e9 d\u016fv\u011b\u0159e s \u010c\u00ednou a v\u00e1hav\u00fdm postoj\u016fm v r\u00e1mci BRICS.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>\u00cdr\u00e1n hraje obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b d\u016fle\u017eitou roli, jeliko\u017e si udr\u017eel svou suverenitu navzdory masivn\u00edm z\u00e1padn\u00edm sankc\u00edm a vojensk\u00fdm hrozb\u00e1m. Escobar zd\u016fraz\u0148uje, \u017ee deklarace BRICS v Riu vyj\u00e1d\u0159ila jasnou podporu \u00cdr\u00e1nu proti agresi Izraele a Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f, \u010d\u00edm\u017e podtrhla solidaritu zem\u00ed BRICS. \u010c\u00edna a Rusko zase pracuj\u00ed na rozvoji obchodn\u00edch a finan\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f, kter\u00e9 obch\u00e1zej\u00ed z\u00e1padn\u00ed syst\u00e9m SWIFT, nap\u0159\u00edklad prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm Nov\u00e9 rozvojov\u00e9 banky BRICS (NDB). Rusk\u00fd ministr financ\u00ed Anton Siluanov na summitu uvedl, \u017ee NDB by v budoucnu mohla hr\u00e1t \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed roli jako v\u011b\u0159itel pro rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 projekty v zem\u00edch BRICS, denominovan\u00e9 v n\u00e1rodn\u00edch m\u011bn\u00e1ch.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em>\u201eNDB by se mohla st\u00e1t hlavn\u00edm v\u011b\u0159itelem pro projekty v regionu BRICS t\u00edm, \u017ee by obe\u0161la SWIFT,\u201c citoval Escobar Siluanova. \u201eTo je poselstv\u00ed, kter\u00e9 Washington pochopil.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span>NATO a USA: T\u0159i p\u0159ekr\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed se v\u00e1lky<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span>Escobar popisuje sou\u010dasnou geopolitickou situaci jako souhv\u011bzd\u00ed t\u0159\u00ed p\u0159ekr\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch se v\u00e1lek veden\u00fdch NATO a USA:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong><span>V\u00e1lka proti Rusku<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0: Za\u010dalo to jako konflikt \u201ekolektivn\u00edho Z\u00e1padu\u201c proti Rusku, ale st\u00e1le v\u00edce se rozv\u00edj\u00ed ve v\u00e1lku NATO, kde USA jednaj\u00ed zezadu. Podle Escobara Trump po\u017eaduje, aby evropsk\u00e9 \u010dlensk\u00e9 zem\u011b NATO uhradily n\u00e1klady a nakoupily americk\u00e9 zbran\u011b, zat\u00edmco samotn\u00e9 USA se zdr\u017e\u00ed p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 intervence. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 NATO pl\u00e1nuje eskalaci do roku 2030, v\u010detn\u011b nov\u00fdch front, jako je Ji\u017en\u00ed Kavkaz, St\u0159edn\u00ed Asie a Kaliningrad.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>V\u00e1lka proti \u00cdr\u00e1nu<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0: Tuto v\u00e1lku vedou USA a Izrael v r\u00e1mci \u201esionistick\u00e9 v\u00e1lky Osy\u201c proti \u201eOse odporu\u201c. C\u00edlem je destabilizovat \u00cdr\u00e1n a podkopat jeho roli nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 region\u00e1ln\u00ed mocnosti. Escobar zd\u016fraz\u0148uje, \u017ee \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00fd lid b\u011bhem ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 krize podporoval svou vl\u00e1du, co\u017e zma\u0159ilo pl\u00e1n na zm\u011bnu re\u017eimu.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>V\u00e1lka proti \u010c\u00edn\u011b<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0: Podle Escobara se NATO p\u0159ipravuje na konflikt s \u010c\u00ednou, kter\u00fd je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za \u201edefinitivn\u00ed v\u00e1lku 21. stolet\u00ed\u201c. Toto rozhodnut\u00ed bylo rozhodnuto na ned\u00e1vn\u00e9m summitu NATO, kter\u00fd se konal t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 sou\u010dasn\u011b se summitem BRICS. USA se sna\u017e\u00ed oslabit \u010c\u00ednu obchodn\u00edmi v\u00e1lkami a sankcemi, zat\u00edmco zem\u011b BRICS prosazuj\u00ed svou ekonomickou integraci.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span>Podle Escobara jsou tyto v\u00e1lky vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00edm zoufalstv\u00ed z\u00e1padn\u00edch elit, kter\u00e9 ztr\u00e1cej\u00ed kontrolu nad glob\u00e1ln\u00edm \u0159\u00e1dem. Zem\u011b BRICS, zejm\u00e9na Rusko, \u010c\u00edna a \u00cdr\u00e1n, sleduj\u00ed dlouhodobou strategii ekonomick\u00e9 a geopolitick\u00e9 nez\u00e1vislosti.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span>Konflikt v Gaze: Zkou\u0161ka pro glob\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159\u00e1d<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span>Ali Abunimah se v diskusi zam\u011b\u0159il na humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed katastrofu v Gaze, kterou ozna\u010duje za \u201egenocidu\u201c. Popsal stup\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed se hladomor, kter\u00fd je z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n jako zbra\u0148, a rostouc\u00ed represe proti novin\u00e1\u0159\u016fm a aktivist\u016fm informuj\u00edc\u00edm o situaci. Abunimah zd\u016fraznil, \u017ee odpor v Gaze a podpora zem\u00ed jako Jemen a \u00cdr\u00e1n jsou jedin\u00fdmi silami, kter\u00e9 ma\u0159\u00ed izraelsk\u00e9 pl\u00e1ny.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em>\u201eJedin\u00fdm skute\u010dn\u00fdm zdrojem tlaku na Izrael je m\u00edstn\u00ed odpor a sv\u011bdom\u00ed lid\u00ed po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Abunimah. \u201eNarativn\u00ed v\u00e1lky jsou prohran\u00e9, ale moc z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 zako\u0159en\u011bn\u00e1.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n<p><span>Kritizuje dvoj\u00ed metr z\u00e1padn\u00edch vl\u00e1d, kter\u00e9 uvaluj\u00ed sankce na Rusko, ale navzdory jasn\u00e9mu poru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v neuplat\u0148uj\u00ed d\u016fsledky v\u016f\u010di Izraeli. Abunimah vn\u00edm\u00e1 Izrael jako \u201epora\u017een\u00fd subjekt\u201c, kter\u00fd je vojensky i mor\u00e1ln\u011b vy\u010derpan\u00fd, ale s podporou USA a Z\u00e1padu nad\u00e1le p\u00e1ch\u00e1 obrovskou zk\u00e1zu.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span>Z\u00e1v\u011br: M\u011bn\u00edc\u00ed se sv\u011bt<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span>Diskuse mezi Escobarem a Abunimou odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed sv\u011bt v ot\u0159esech, v n\u011bm\u017e zem\u011b BRICS v \u010dele s Ruskem, \u010c\u00ednou a \u00cdr\u00e1nem usiluj\u00ed o nov\u00fd \u0159\u00e1d zalo\u017een\u00fd na suverenit\u011b, ekonomick\u00e9 nez\u00e1vislosti a multilater\u00e1ln\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ci. Trumpova agresivn\u00ed politika a v\u00e1lky NATO proti BRICS a jejich spojenc\u016fm jen posiluj\u00ed odhodl\u00e1n\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00edho Jihu pokra\u010dovat v t\u00e9to cest\u011b. Humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed krize v Gaze z\u00e1rove\u0148 z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159ipom\u00ednkou brutality z\u00e1padn\u00ed hegemonn\u00ed politiky.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Poselstv\u00ed obou \u0159e\u010dn\u00edk\u016f je jasn\u00e9: Glob\u00e1ln\u00ed Jih, reprezentovan\u00fd BRICS, ji\u017e nen\u00ed \u201ezbytek\u201c, ale v\u011bt\u0161ina utv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00edc\u00ed budoucnost. Jak to formuluje Escobar:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em>\u201eD\u011bjiny se vracej\u00ed do star\u00fdch kolej\u00ed. Eurasie byla v\u017edycky v sedle d\u011bjin, s v\u00fdjimkou dvou nebo t\u0159\u00ed stolet\u00ed. Nyn\u00ed je ta \u00e9ra u konce.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n<p><span>V\u00fdzvou z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 zorientovat se v t\u00e9to zm\u011bn\u011b ve sv\u011bt\u011b, kde zoufal\u00e9 elity Z\u00e1padu jsou p\u0159ipraveny riskovat v\u0161e, aby si udr\u017eely moc \u2013 i za cenu glob\u00e1ln\u00edho konfliktu, kter\u00fd by mohl lidstvo p\u0159iv\u00e9st na pokraj propasti.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1185\" src=\"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/kuryr-podpis.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"84\" height=\"24\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sv\u011bt se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v geopolitick\u00e9m bod\u011b zlomu, kdy roste nap\u011bt\u00ed mezi glob\u00e1ln\u00edm Jihem, veden\u00fdm BRICS,&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":84303,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1161,2181,1052,37],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/84302"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=84302"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/84302\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/84303"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=84302"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=84302"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=84302"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}