{"id":83894,"date":"2025-07-20T00:23:20","date_gmt":"2025-07-19T22:23:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=83894"},"modified":"2025-07-19T16:34:03","modified_gmt":"2025-07-19T14:34:03","slug":"bogotsky-summit-zahajuje-pravni-intifadu-globalniho-jihu-proti-izraeli-a-beztrestnosti-usa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/07\/20\/bogotsky-summit-zahajuje-pravni-intifadu-globalniho-jihu-proti-izraeli-a-beztrestnosti-usa\/","title":{"rendered":"Bogotsk\u00fd summit zahajuje pr\u00e1vn\u00ed intif\u00e1du Glob\u00e1ln\u00edho Jihu proti Izraeli a beztrestnosti USA"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Vzdorovit\u00fd odklon Kolumbie od Washingtonu a rostouc\u00ed aliance Haagsk\u00e9 skupiny p\u0159edstavuje potenci\u00e1ln\u011b historick\u00fd rozkol se z\u00e1padn\u00edm pr\u00e1vn\u00edm pokrytectv\u00edm ohledn\u011b Palestiny.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Od 15. do 16. \u010dervence se Bogota stala nepravd\u011bpodobn\u00fdm hlavn\u00edm m\u011bstem glob\u00e1ln\u00edho povst\u00e1n\u00ed proti beztrestnosti Z\u00e1padu. V kolumbijsk\u00e9m hlavn\u00edm m\u011bst\u011b se se\u0161lo v\u00edce ne\u017e 30 zem\u00ed \u2013 v\u010detn\u011b kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch mocnost\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00edho Jihu a dokonce i n\u011bkter\u00fdch evropsk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f \u2013 na\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9m summitu Haagsk\u00e9 skupiny<\/span><\/a>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jednalo se o dosud nejambici\u00f3zn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed multilater\u00e1ln\u00ed iniciativu, kter\u00e1 se\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>p\u0159\u00edmo postavila<\/span><\/a>\u00a0tomu, co \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci neochv\u011bjn\u011b ozna\u010dili za izraelskou genocidu v Gaze, a \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed kultu\u0159e beztrestnosti, kter\u00e1 od roku 1948 chr\u00e1n\u00ed okupa\u010dn\u00ed st\u00e1t.<\/span><\/p>\n

Od neochv\u011bjn\u00e9ho klienta k protiimperi\u00e1ln\u00edmu v\u016fdci<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

To, \u017ee se summit konal v Kolumbii \u2013 dlouholet\u00e9m vazalovi USA v Latinsk\u00e9 Americe \u2013 nebylo n\u00e1hodn\u00e9. Kolumbie, kdysi pova\u017eovan\u00e1 za\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>nejv\u011brn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho klienta Washingtonu na americk\u00e9 polokouli, nyn\u00ed pod veden\u00edm prezidenta Gustava Petra p\u0159edstavuje dramatick\u00fd\u00a0<\/span><\/a>obrat<\/span><\/a>\u00a0v Kolumbii, kter\u00fd\u00a0\u00a0je nejodv\u00e1\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edm region\u00e1ln\u00edm vzdorem v\u016f\u010di americk\u00e9 autorit\u011b za posledn\u00ed desetilet\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Petro, kter\u00fd\u00a0 v roce 2024\u00a0<\/span>p\u0159eru\u0161il<\/span><\/a>\u00a0diplomatick\u00e9 styky s Tel Avivem, postavil Bogotu na sr\u00e1\u017eku s USA kv\u016fli sv\u00e9mu neochv\u011bjn\u00e9mu odporu v\u016f\u010di n\u00e1poru okupa\u010dn\u00edho st\u00e1tu v Gaze.<\/span><\/p>\n

Washington reagoval p\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u011b\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>varov\u00e1n\u00edm<\/span><\/a>\u00a0spojenc\u016f p\u0159ed \u201ezbra\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00edm mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho pr\u00e1va\u201c a\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>sankcemi proti<\/span><\/a>\u00a0zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed zpravodajce OSN Francesce Albanese za jej\u00ed \u201enelegitimn\u00ed a hanebn\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed\u201c o prosazov\u00e1n\u00ed st\u00edh\u00e1n\u00ed izraelsk\u00fdch a americk\u00fdch p\u0159edstavitel\u016f Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm trestn\u00edm soudem (ICC). Bogota reagovala p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdm vzdorem. V dob\u011b p\u0159ed summitem Petro ve\u0159ejn\u011b podpo\u0159il Albanese a\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>prohl\u00e1sil<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, \u017ee \u201emultilater\u00e1ln\u00ed syst\u00e9m st\u00e1t\u016f nelze zni\u010dit\u201c, co\u017e byl jen m\u00edrn\u011b zast\u0159en\u00fd projev odm\u00edtnut\u00ed americk\u00fdch dikt\u00e1t\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Z\u00fa\u010dastnilo se v\u00edce ne\u017e 30 zem\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>osmi zakl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00edch \u010dlen\u016f<\/span><\/a>\u00a0Haagsk\u00e9 skupiny \u2013 Bol\u00edvie, Kolumbie, Kuby, Hondurasu, Malajsie, Namibie, Senegalu a Jihoafrick\u00e9 republiky, kter\u00e9 spolup\u0159edsedaly Kolumbie a Jihoafrick\u00e1 republika. K nim se p\u0159ipojilo v\u00edce ne\u017e 20 dal\u0161\u00edch st\u00e1t\u016f z Latinsk\u00e9 Ameriky, Afriky, Asie a dokonce i Evropy.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pozoruhodn\u00e1 byla \u00fa\u010dast evropsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed, jako je Portugalsko a \u0160pan\u011blsko. Oba st\u00e1ty nav\u00e1zaly s Izraelem pln\u00e9 diplomatick\u00e9 vztahy a\u017e v druh\u00e9 polovin\u011b 20.\u00a0<\/span>stolet\u00ed<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0: Portugalsko v\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>roce 1977<\/span><\/a>\u00a0a \u0160pan\u011blsko v\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>roce 1986<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, co\u017e je symbolem jejich historick\u00e9 opatrnosti ohledn\u011b zpochyb\u0148ovan\u00e9 legitimity Izraele.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ale od za\u010d\u00e1tku genocidn\u00ed v\u00e1lky Tel Avivu v Gaze koncem roku 2023 Madrid p\u0159ijal \u0159adu represivn\u00edch diplomatick\u00fdch krok\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0160pan\u011blsko\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>zru\u0161ilo<\/span><\/a>\u00a0n\u00e1kup munice od izraelsk\u00e9 firmy v hodnot\u011b 6,6 milionu eur (p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 7,2 milionu dolar\u016f),\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>zru\u0161ilo<\/span><\/a>\u00a0dohodu o protitankov\u00fdch raket\u00e1ch se \u0161pan\u011blskou dce\u0159inou spole\u010dnost\u00ed Rafael Advanced Defense Systems v hodnot\u011b 285 milion\u016f eur (p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 310,7 milionu dolar\u016f),\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>zak\u00e1zalo\u00a0<\/span><\/a>\u00a0vstup izraelsk\u00fdch zbran\u00ed do p\u0159\u00edstav\u016f, form\u00e1ln\u011b\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>uznalo<\/span><\/a>\u00a0palestinskou st\u00e1tnost a\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>prosazovalo<\/span><\/a>\u00a0pozastaven\u00ed dohody o p\u0159idru\u017een\u00ed mezi EU a Izraelem.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

A\u010dkoli ani jeden z evropsk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f pln\u011b neschv\u00e1lil v\u0161echny bogotsk\u00e9 n\u00e1vrhy, jejich \u00fa\u010dast a ostr\u00e9 odsouzen\u00ed izraelsk\u00e9 politiky odr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed hlub\u0161\u00ed rozkol v Evrop\u011b ohledn\u011b legitimity Tel Avivu a ceny spolu\u00fa\u010dasti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Polo\u017een\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed rukavice<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u00dast\u0159edn\u00edm bodem summitu bylo ost\u0159e pr\u00e1vn\u00ed a mor\u00e1ln\u00ed odsouzen\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed Izraele v Gaze a na okupovan\u00e9m Z\u00e1padn\u00edm b\u0159ehu Jord\u00e1nu. Haagsk\u00e1 skupina vydala podrobn\u00fd seznam\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch zlo\u010din\u016f<\/span><\/a>\u00a0: masov\u00e9 zab\u00edjen\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 57 000 civilist\u016f, \u00fatoky na nemocnice a \u0161koly, zneu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed hladov\u011bn\u00ed a obl\u00e9h\u00e1n\u00ed jako zbran\u00ed a \u00famysln\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed nucen\u00e9ho vys\u00eddlov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Apartheidn\u00ed st\u00e1t na okupovan\u00e9m Z\u00e1padn\u00edm b\u0159ehu Jord\u00e1nu, vynucovan\u00fd rasovou segregac\u00ed, paraleln\u00edmi pr\u00e1vn\u00edmi syst\u00e9my a konfiskac\u00ed p\u016fdy pro osidlov\u00e1n\u00ed, byl ozna\u010den za u\u010debnicov\u00e9 poru\u0161en\u00ed \u010ctvrt\u00e9 \u017denevsk\u00e9 \u00famluvy a podle poradn\u00edho\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>stanoviska<\/span><\/a>\u00a0Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho soudn\u00edho dvora (ICJ) z roku 2024 za poru\u0161en\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch z\u00e1kaz\u016f n\u00e1siln\u00e9ho \u00fazemn\u00edho z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a apartheidu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Francesca Albaneseov\u00e1 pronesla\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u00favodn\u00ed projev na summitu<\/span><\/a>\u00a0a udala t\u00f3n nekompromisn\u00ed ob\u017ealobou:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eP\u0159\u00edli\u0161 dlouho bylo mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo pova\u017eov\u00e1no za voliteln\u00e9 \u2013 aplikov\u00e1no selektivn\u011b na ty, kte\u0159\u00ed byli vn\u00edm\u00e1ni jako slab\u00ed, ignorov\u00e1no t\u011bmi, kte\u0159\u00ed jednali jako mocn\u00ed… Tato \u00e9ra mus\u00ed skon\u010dit.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

Zatyka\u010de Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho trestn\u00edho soudu<\/span><\/a>\u00a0(ICC)\u00a0\u00a0na izraelsk\u00e9ho premi\u00e9ra Benjamina Netanjahua a b\u00fdval\u00e9ho ministra obrany Joava Gallanta \u2013 s odkazem na zlo\u010diny, jako je pou\u017eit\u00ed hladov\u011bn\u00ed jako zbran\u011b, bezohledn\u00e9 \u00fatoky na civiln\u00ed obyvatelstvo a vra\u017edy palestinsk\u00fdch nebojovn\u00edk\u016f \u2013 byly opakovan\u011b uv\u00e1d\u011bny jako historick\u00fd zlom.<\/span><\/p>\n

Osa odporu v pr\u00e1vnick\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u00c9tosem summitu bylo jednozna\u010dn\u011b prolomit beztrestnost umo\u017en\u011bnou paral\u00fdzou Rady bezpe\u010dnosti OSN. Haagsk\u00e1 skupina,\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>zalo\u017een\u00e1<\/span><\/a>\u00a0v lednu 2025, se prezentovala jako n\u00e1prava pov\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9ho \u0159\u00e1du glob\u00e1ln\u00edho Jihu, kter\u00e1 chr\u00e1n\u00ed pachatele, pokud jsou chr\u00e1n\u011bni americkou moc\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tato paral\u00fdza, jak tvrdila v\u011bt\u0161ina \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f, nebyla n\u00e1hodn\u00e1, ale struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed:\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>syst\u00e9m veta P5<\/span><\/a>\u00a0zaji\u0161\u0165uje beztrestnost pro ty, jako je Izrael a jeho spojenci.<\/span><\/p>\n

Deleg\u00e1ti z 12 st\u00e1t\u016f \u2013 Bol\u00edvie, Kolumbie, Kuby, Indon\u00e9sie, Ir\u00e1ku, Libye, Malajsie, Namibie, Nikaraguy, Om\u00e1nu, Svat\u00e9ho Vincence a Grenadin a Jihoafrick\u00e9 republiky \u2013 na setk\u00e1n\u00ed v pal\u00e1ci San Carlos\u00a0<\/span>ozn\u00e1mili<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u0161est z\u00e1vazn\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed. Mezi n\u011b pat\u0159ilo \u00fapln\u00e9 zbrojn\u00ed embargo v\u016f\u010di okupa\u010dn\u00edmu st\u00e1tu, z\u00e1kaz vstupu izraelsk\u00fdch vojensk\u00fdch plavidel do p\u0159\u00edstav\u016f, revize smluv s c\u00edlem ukon\u010dit obchodn\u00ed spolu\u00fa\u010dast na okupaci a pevn\u00e1 podpora dom\u00e1c\u00edho i mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho st\u00edh\u00e1n\u00ed izraelsk\u00fdch \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edk\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tato politika byla zakotvena ve stanovisku Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho soudn\u00edho dvora z roku 2024, kter\u00e9 prohl\u00e1silo izraelskou okupaci za nez\u00e1konnou, a\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>v rezoluci<\/span><\/a>\u00a0Valn\u00e9ho shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed OSN ze z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2024 , kter\u00e1 nal\u00e9hala na rozhodn\u00e1 glob\u00e1ln\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed do 12 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Glob\u00e1ln\u00ed rozkol \u2013 ale st\u00e1le t\u011b\u017ek\u00fd boj<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Navzdory tomuto pr\u016flomu p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00ed zna\u010dn\u00e1 omezen\u00ed. Pouze 12 st\u00e1t\u016f opat\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159ijalo v pln\u00e9m rozsahu. Ostatn\u00edm st\u00e1t\u016fm byla d\u00e1na lh\u016fta k podpisu do Valn\u00e9ho shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed OSN v z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed. Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 mocnosti, v\u010detn\u011b \u010c\u00edny,\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>se zdr\u017eely schv\u00e1len\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u2013 navzdory podpo\u0159e c\u00edl\u016f iniciativy \u2013 pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b kv\u016fli ekonomick\u00fdm propletenc\u016fm s Izraelem, v\u010detn\u011b investic do p\u0159\u00edstavn\u00ed infrastruktury.<\/span><\/p>\n

Organiz\u00e1to\u0159i uznaly, \u017ee je p\u0159ed nimi t\u011b\u017ek\u00e1 cesta: bez \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed podpory ze strany OSN a siln\u011bj\u0161\u00edho zapojen\u00ed ekonomick\u00fdch mocnost\u00ed by veto Washingtonu a v\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed Evropy mohly neutralizovat pr\u00e1vn\u00ed povst\u00e1n\u00ed Haagsk\u00e9 skupiny. Koalice v\u0161ak i nad\u00e1le trv\u00e1 na tom, \u017ee o spravedlnosti se ji\u017e ned\u00e1 vyjedn\u00e1vat.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kolumbijsk\u00fd n\u00e1m\u011bstek ministra Mauricio Jaramillo Jassir\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>vystihl<\/span><\/a>\u00a0nal\u00e9havost summitu:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201ePalestinsk\u00e1 genocida ohro\u017euje cel\u00fd mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed syst\u00e9m\u2026 Z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00e9 st\u00e1ty nejen potvrd\u00ed sv\u016fj z\u00e1vazek postavit se genocid\u011b, ale tak\u00e9 formuluj\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed kroky k p\u0159echodu od slov ke kolektivn\u00ed akci.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

Varov\u00e1n\u00ed \u2013 a slib<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Bogotsk\u00fd summit nebyl jen dal\u0161\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed konferenc\u00ed. Otev\u0159en\u011b zpochybnil pr\u00e1vn\u00ed fikci \u201e\u00a0<\/span>\u0159\u00e1du zalo\u017een\u00e9ho na pravidlech<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u201c po roce 1945 \u2013 syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd byl dlouho odhalov\u00e1n jako eufemismus pro z\u00e1padn\u00ed v\u00fdsady.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jak prohl\u00e1sil<\/a>\u00a0jihoafrick\u00fd ministr mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch vztah\u016f Roland Lamola\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201e\u017d\u00e1dn\u00e1 zem\u011b nestoj\u00ed nad z\u00e1konem a \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd zlo\u010din nez\u016fstane bez odezvy.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

Boj v\u0161ak z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 nedokon\u010den\u00fd. Odv\u00e1\u017en\u00e1 konfrontace Haagsk\u00e9 skupiny s izraelskou beztrestnost\u00ed p\u0159edstavuje rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed zlom, ale budoucnost tohoto pr\u00e1vn\u00edho povst\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1vis\u00ed na tom, zda jeho dynamika dok\u00e1\u017ee prolomit opevn\u011bn\u00e9 zdi New Yorku a Haagu a zda se mocnosti jako \u010c\u00edna, Indie a Braz\u00edlie p\u0159esunou od tich\u00e9 podpory k aktivn\u00edmu spojen\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e se 16. \u010dervence na n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed Plaza Bolivar shrom\u00e1\u017edily tis\u00edce lid\u00ed na podporu protestu, poselstv\u00ed bylo jednozna\u010dn\u00e9: bu\u010f skon\u010d\u00ed \u00e9ra beztrestnosti, nebo se s n\u00ed zhrout\u00ed legitimita glob\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0159\u00e1du.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jos\u00e9 Ni\u00f1o<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Vzdorovit\u00fd odklon Kolumbie od Washingtonu a rostouc\u00ed aliance Haagsk\u00e9 skupiny p\u0159edstavuje potenci\u00e1ln\u011b historick\u00fd rozkol se…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":83895,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[9518,107,623,37],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/83894"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=83894"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/83894\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":83896,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/83894\/revisions\/83896"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/83895"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=83894"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=83894"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=83894"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}