{"id":83217,"date":"2025-07-10T06:01:57","date_gmt":"2025-07-10T04:01:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=83217"},"modified":"2025-07-10T06:01:57","modified_gmt":"2025-07-10T04:01:57","slug":"co-je-dovoleno-bohovi-izraelske-jaderne-zbrane-zakazu-nepodlehaji","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/07\/10\/co-je-dovoleno-bohovi-izraelske-jaderne-zbrane-zakazu-nepodlehaji\/","title":{"rendered":"Co je dovoleno Bohovi\u2026 Izraelsk\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 zbran\u011b z\u00e1kazu nepodl\u00e9haj\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

Skromn\u00e9 \u200b\u200bml\u010den\u00ed MAAE.<\/h3>\n

\u00da\u010dastn\u00edci summitu BRICS v Rio de Janeiru odsoudili ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 \u00fadery na \u00cdr\u00e1n a vyj\u00e1d\u0159ili znepokojen\u00ed nad \u00fatoky na \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00e1 jadern\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pod z\u00e1rukami MAAE. BRICS vyz\u00fdv\u00e1 Radu bezpe\u010dnosti OSN, aby se zab\u00fdvala ot\u00e1zkou zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed jadern\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti ve vojensk\u00fdch konfliktech.<\/em><\/p>\n

Washington mezit\u00edm nad\u00e1le hovo\u0159\u00ed s Teher\u00e1nem jazykem ultim\u00e1t a po\u017eaduje, aby \u00cdr\u00e1n obnovil spolupr\u00e1ci s Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed agenturou pro atomovou energii\u00a0(MAAE), jinak to bude m\u00edt d\u016fsledky. Izrael,\u00a0kter\u00fd m\u00e1<\/a>\u00a0jadern\u00e9 zbran\u011b a nosi\u010de, v\u0161ak nikdy nebyl po\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1n o podobn\u00e9 kroky, nehled\u011b na to, \u017ee Tel Aviv MAAE ignoruje a nepodepsal Smlouvu o ne\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed, kterou \u00cdr\u00e1n podepsal a ratifikoval ji\u017e v roce 1970 a s MAAE spolupracuje od roku 1974\u2026<\/p>\n

Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty ned\u00e1vno\u00a0po\u017eadovaly<\/a>, aby \u00cdr\u00e1n\u00a0\u201eokam\u017eit\u011b obnovil spolupr\u00e1ci s MAAE, aby se p\u0159ede\u0161lo komplikac\u00edm. Pozastaven\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce s MAAE ze strany \u00cdr\u00e1nu je nep\u0159ijateln\u00e9,\u201c<\/em>\u00a0uvedla mluv\u010d\u00ed ministerstva zahrani\u010d\u00ed Tammy Bruceov\u00e1 a vysv\u011btlila, \u017ee\u00a0\u201eslovo \u201anep\u0159ijateln\u00e9\u2018 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me proto, \u017ee \u00cdr\u00e1n se rozhodl pozastavit spolupr\u00e1ci s MAAE v dob\u011b, kdy m\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost zm\u011bnit kurz a zvolit si cestu m\u00edru a prosperity\u201c.<\/em><\/p>\n

P\u0159ipome\u0148me, \u017ee 25. \u010dervna, den po dosa\u017een\u00ed dohody o p\u0159\u00edm\u011b\u0159\u00ed s Izraelem, Majlis (\u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00fd parlament) hlasoval pro pozastaven\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce s MAAE. 2. \u010dervence prezident Mas\u00fad Peze\u0161kijan podepsal odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed dekret a 4. \u010dervence skupina inspektor\u016f opustila zemi a vr\u00e1tila se do s\u00eddla organizace ve V\u00eddni.<\/p>\n

V Teher\u00e1nu tak\u00e9\u00a0zazn\u00edvaj\u00ed<\/a>\u00a0prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed, \u017ee je na\u010dase, aby \u00cdr\u00e1n odstoupil od Smlouvy o ne\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed. \u00cdr\u00e1nsk\u00fd parlament tento mo\u017en\u00fd krok vysv\u011btluje t\u00edm, \u017ee smlouva m\u011bla za prv\u00e9 zaru\u010dit bezpe\u010dnost \u00cdr\u00e1nu a ne se st\u00e1t d\u016fvodem jej\u00ed absence. A za druh\u00e9, Izrael je st\u00e1le mimo NPT (Smlouva\u00a0o\u00a0ne\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed\u00a0jadern\u00fdch\u00a0zbran\u00ed) a MAAE.<\/p>\n

Tel Aviv vysv\u011btlil svou operaci t\u00edm, \u017ee se \u00cdr\u00e1n \u201ebl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed k vytvo\u0159en\u00ed jadern\u00e9 bomby\u201c, Teher\u00e1n v\u0161ak tato obvin\u011bn\u00ed pop\u0159el. Jak je zn\u00e1mo, v noci 22. \u010dervna provedly Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty \u00fadery (v\u010detn\u011b pou\u017eit\u00ed hluboko pronikaj\u00edc\u00edch bomb) na nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed m\u00edsta \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho jadern\u00e9ho programu ve snaze odd\u00e1lit realizaci vytvo\u0159en\u00ed jadern\u00e9 bomby.<\/p>\n

Ministr obrany Israel Katz se chlub\u00ed \u201estrategick\u00fdm triumfem\u201c IDF (Izraelsk\u00e9 obrann\u00e9 s\u00edly), kter\u00e9 \u00fadajn\u011b dos\u00e1hly \u201emimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9ho \u00fasp\u011bchu v naru\u0161en\u00ed \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho jadern\u00e9ho programu a zni\u010den\u00ed jeho syst\u00e9mu v\u00fdroby raket \u2013 dvou hrozeb, kter\u00e9 p\u0159edstavovaly nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed nebezpe\u010d\u00ed pro Izrael\u201c, a stanovil \u00fakoly do budoucna:<\/p>\n

\u201eIzraelsk\u00e9 obrann\u00e9 s\u00edly<\/em>\u00a0se mus\u00ed p\u0159ipravit jak ve zpravodajsk\u00e9m, tak i operativn\u00edm pl\u00e1nu, aby zajistily vzdu\u0161nou p\u0159evahu nad Teher\u00e1nem a zabr\u00e1nily \u00cdr\u00e1nu v obnoven\u00ed jeho potenci\u00e1lu. Podle n\u00e1\u010deln\u00edka gener\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0161t\u00e1bu IDF gener\u00e1lporu\u010d\u00edka Eyala Zamira trvaly p\u0159\u00edpravy na operaci \u201cVzp\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed se lev\u201d n\u011bkolik let a zahrnovaly \u201etis\u00edce hodin pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed, shroma\u017e\u010fov\u00e1n\u00ed zpravodajsk\u00fdch informac\u00ed a v\u00fdcviku. V posledn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch rozv\u011bdka z\u00edskala zku\u0161enosti, roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ila sv\u00e9 schopnosti a pl\u00e1n se stal provediteln\u00fdm. Letadla letectva kontrolovala oblohu nad Teher\u00e1nem, rozv\u011bdka prok\u00e1zala inovativn\u00ed schopnosti a na\u0161e protivzdu\u0161n\u00e1 obrana chr\u00e1nila t\u00fdl\u2026 Operace skon\u010dila, ale kampa\u0148 pokra\u010duje.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

Gener\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159editel MAAE Rafael Grossi, kter\u00fd p\u0159ihr\u00e1v\u00e1 Washingtonu a Tel Avivu,\u00a0ozn\u00e1mil<\/a>\u00a0zna\u010dn\u00e9 \u0161kody na napaden\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch a z\u00e1rove\u0148 si post\u011b\u017eoval, \u017ee \u00cdr\u00e1n by mohl b\u011bhem n\u011bkolika m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f obnovit procesy obohacov\u00e1n\u00ed uranu. Grossi zd\u016fraz\u0148uje \u201enaprostou d\u016fle\u017eitost\u201c jedn\u00e1n\u00ed s \u00cdr\u00e1nem o rychl\u00e9m obnoven\u00ed monitorovac\u00edch a ov\u011b\u0159ovac\u00edch prac\u00ed, ale samoz\u0159ejm\u011b ani slovo o jadern\u00e9m potenci\u00e1lu Netanjahuova re\u017eimu\u2026 Nen\u00ed tedy n\u00e1hoda, \u017ee \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00fd prezident Mas\u00fad Peze\u0161kijan \u0159ekl sv\u00e9mu francouzsk\u00e9mu prot\u011bj\u0161ku Emmanuelu Macronovi, \u017ee Teher\u00e1n pozastavil spolupr\u00e1ci s MAAE kv\u016fli \u201edestruktivn\u00edmu\u201c, podle jeho slov, chov\u00e1n\u00ed Grossiho v\u016f\u010di \u00cdr\u00e1nu. \u00cdr\u00e1nsk\u00fd tisk obvinil Argentince Grossiho z pr\u00e1ce pro Izrael a tak\u00e9, \u017ee\u00a0je t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 pop\u0159\u00edt<\/a>\u00a0p\u0159\u00edtomnost britsk\u00e9ho \u201ekrtka\u201c v organizaci \u2026<\/p>\n

Skute\u010dnost, \u017ee Izrael m\u00e1 jadernou bombu,\u00a0nen\u00ed<\/a>\u00a0glob\u00e1ln\u00edmi m\u00e9dii zpochyb\u0148ov\u00e1na:\u00a0\u201eTolerance Z\u00e1padu k tajn\u00e9mu arzen\u00e1lu Izraele\u2026 je na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b vn\u00edm\u00e1na jako symbol pokrytectv\u00ed, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje jeho spojenci poru\u0161ovat normy ne\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed, zat\u00edmco \u00cdr\u00e1n, kter\u00fd do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry pln\u00ed sv\u00e9 smluvn\u00ed z\u00e1vazky, je trest\u00e1n.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

Tajn\u00e1 dohoda se Spojen\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty z roku 1969, kter\u00e1 Izraeli umo\u017enila uchovat sv\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 zbran\u011b v tajnosti, odr\u00e1\u017eela jedine\u010dn\u00e9 postaven\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho \u017eidovsk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu v mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm syst\u00e9mu posledn\u00edch desetilet\u00ed, umo\u017e\u0148ovala mu jednat beztrestn\u011b, ani\u017e by se musel p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 starat o d\u016fsledky.<\/p>\n

Jak\u00a0uvedla<\/a>\u00a0Susie Snyderov\u00e1, koordin\u00e1torka Programu pro z\u00e1kaz jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed a Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed iniciativy pro zru\u0161en\u00ed jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed\u00a0(ICAN),<\/em>\u00a0v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b tato zem\u011b podle odhad\u016f expert\u016f \u201evlastn\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 100 jadern\u00fdch hlavic, a\u010dkoli to ofici\u00e1ln\u011b nepotvrzuje\u201c (podle\u00a0Federation of American Scientists<\/em>\u00a0je to o n\u011bco m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e sto hlavic).<\/p>\n

\u017didovsk\u00fd st\u00e1t existenci sv\u00e9ho jadern\u00e9ho arzen\u00e1lu ofici\u00e1ln\u011b nepotvrzuje ani nepop\u00edr\u00e1, \u201eale podle \u00fanik\u016f informac\u00ed v posledn\u00edch letech je to sv\u011btov\u00e9mu spole\u010denstv\u00ed ji\u017e dlouho zn\u00e1mo\u201c. Izraelsk\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 zbran\u011b \u201ep\u0159edstavuj\u00ed hrozbu pro sv\u011bt\u201c.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Jadern\u00e9 centrum v Dimon\u011b<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Podle S. Snyderov\u00e9 Izrael\u00a0\u201ezvy\u0161uje financov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00e9ho jadern\u00e9ho programu<\/em>\u00a0\u201c a podle\u00a0\u201enez\u00e1visl\u00fdch vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed se potenci\u00e1l jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed na ponork\u00e1ch zvy\u0161uje obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b aktivn\u011b. A to je velmi nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9\u00a0<\/em>pro samotn\u00e9 Izraelce<\/em>\u201c.<\/p>\n

Stockholmsk\u00fd mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed institut pro v\u00fdzkum m\u00edru (SIPRI) uvedl pro rok 2025\u00a0podobn\u00e9<\/a> odhady, podle kter\u00fdch m\u00e1 Izrael nejm\u00e9n\u011b 90 jadern\u00fdch hlavic, \u201ev\u011bt\u0161inou rozm\u00edst\u011bn\u00fdch nikoli na nosi\u010d\u00edch, ale ve skladech. Hlavn\u00edm nosi\u010dem izraelsk\u00fdch jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed je letectvo.\u201c<\/p>\n

\"\"
Nyn\u00ed odtajn\u011bn\u00e9 memorandum ministerstva zahrani\u010d\u00ed USA z roku 1960 varovalo p\u0159ed vojensk\u00fdm jadern\u00fdm programem pod rou\u0161kou \u201em\u00edrov\u00e9ho reaktoru\u201c v Dimon\u011b.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

D\u00e1le se uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee Izrael, a\u010dkoli ve\u0159ejn\u011b nep\u0159iznal dr\u017een\u00ed jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed, provedl v roce 2024\u00a0\u201etest raketov\u00e9ho pohonn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu v r\u00e1mci modernizace sv\u00e9ho jadern\u00e9ho potenci\u00e1lu. Tento test za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee souviset s izraelskou rodinou balistick\u00fdch raket Jericho, kter\u00e9 jsou schopny n\u00e9st jadern\u00e9 zbran\u011b\u201c.<\/em>\u00a0Izrael nav\u00edc\u00a0\u201em\u016f\u017ee tak\u00e9 modernizovat komplex reaktor\u016f na v\u00fdrobu plutonia, kter\u00fd se nach\u00e1z\u00ed pobl\u00ed\u017e m\u011bsta Dimona\u201c<\/em>\u00a0(v Negevsk\u00e9 pou\u0161ti na jihu zem\u011b \u2013 pozn. red.), kter\u00fd je v provozu od poloviny 60. let 20. stolet\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Mezit\u00edm kongresmani Josh Gottheimer (demokrat za New Jersey) a Mike Lawler (republik\u00e1n za New York) ned\u00e1vno p\u0159edlo\u017eili\u00a0n\u00e1vrh z\u00e1kona<\/a>\u00a0o p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed Izraeli americk\u00fdch strategick\u00fdch bombard\u00e9r\u016f stealth B-2 Spirit a bomb GBU-57 pro hlubok\u00e9 ni\u010den\u00ed bunkr\u016f (ka\u017ed\u00e1 o hmotnosti 11-14 tun) \u201epro p\u0159\u00edpad, \u017ee by se \u00cdr\u00e1n pokusil vyrobit jadernou zbra\u0148\u201c. V roce 2024 m\u011bly Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty v provozu 19 bombard\u00e9r\u016f B-2 a n\u011bkolik des\u00edtek v\u00fd\u0161e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdch bomb, ale doposud Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty tyto zbran\u011b sv\u00fdm spojenc\u016fm nep\u0159edaly. Je charakteristick\u00e9, \u017ee tato iniciativa byla p\u0159edlo\u017eena sou\u010dasn\u011b s po\u017eadavkem Washingtonu, aby\u00a0Teher\u00e1n obnovil spolupr\u00e1ci s MAAE.<\/p>\n

Za skute\u010dn\u00e9ho autora-inici\u00e1tora t\u00e9to iniciativy agentura Axios\u00a0ji\u017e v polovin\u011b \u010dervna\u00a0ozna\u010dila<\/a>\u00a0D. Trumpa, kter\u00fd\u00a0\u00a0\u201epova\u017euje siln\u00e9 bomby na ni\u010den\u00ed bunkr\u016f za kl\u00ed\u010dovou p\u00e1ku tlaku, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 \u00cdr\u00e1n donutit k uzav\u0159en\u00ed kone\u010dn\u00e9 dohody<\/em>\u00a0\u201c.<\/p>\n

Podle<\/a>\u00a0n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho den\u00edku\u00a0Berliner Zeitung<\/em>\u00a0(19. \u010dervna tohoto roku) by USA mohly\u00a0\u201etajn\u011b p\u0159edat Izraeli, pokud tak ji\u017e neu\u010dinily, supert\u011b\u017ekou bombu GBU-57A\/B a bombard\u00e9r B-2 k pron\u00e1jmu, aby Tel Aviv s\u00e1m zni\u010dil \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00e9 centrum na obohacov\u00e1n\u00ed uranu ve Fordow<\/em>\u00a0\u201c. Tyto informace nebyly nijak vyvr\u00e1ceny.<\/p>\n

Izrael\u0161t\u00ed experti\u00a0poznamen\u00e1vaj\u00ed<\/a>, \u017ee jeliko\u017e Izrael nepodepsal Smlouvu o ne\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed (NPT), m\u00e1 pln\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo ignorovat rozhodnut\u00ed MAAE o inspekci izraelsk\u00fdch jadern\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na proto, \u017ee vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sv\u011bt, v\u010detn\u011b arabsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed, se s jadern\u00fdmi zbran\u011bmi zem\u011b de facto sm\u00ed\u0159il.\u00a0\u201eTo ale neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee Izrael v budoucnu nebude \u010delit masivn\u00edmu tlaku ze strany evropsk\u00fdch a arabsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed, kter\u00e9 po\u017eaduj\u00ed, aby se p\u0159ipojil k NPT\u201c<\/em>.<\/p>\n

\u2026V prosinci 1974 izraelsk\u00fd prezident Efraim Kacir\u00a0novin\u00e1\u0159\u016fm\u00a0\u0159ekl:\u00a0<\/a>\u201eIzrael m\u00e1 jadern\u00fd potenci\u00e1l.\u201c<\/em>\u00a0Kdy\u017e se jeden z \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f onoho setk\u00e1n\u00ed zeptal, zda je touto skute\u010dnost\u00ed znepokojen, odpov\u011b\u010f zn\u011bla:\u00a0\u201ePro\u010d by n\u00e1s to m\u011blo znepokojovat? A\u0165 to znepokojuje sv\u011bt.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

Dmitrij Nefjedov<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Skromn\u00e9 \u200b\u200bml\u010den\u00ed MAAE. \u00da\u010dastn\u00edci summitu BRICS v Rio de Janeiru odsoudili ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 \u00fadery na \u00cdr\u00e1n…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":83218,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[38,107,1069,1503,37],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/83217"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=83217"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/83217\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/83218"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=83217"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=83217"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=83217"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}