{"id":83132,"date":"2025-07-09T04:36:11","date_gmt":"2025-07-09T02:36:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=83132"},"modified":"2025-07-09T04:36:11","modified_gmt":"2025-07-09T02:36:11","slug":"alexandre-lemoine-kyjev-ututlal-poruchu-reaktoru-v-jaderne-elektrarne-na-jihu-ukrajiny","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/07\/09\/alexandre-lemoine-kyjev-ututlal-poruchu-reaktoru-v-jaderne-elektrarne-na-jihu-ukrajiny\/","title":{"rendered":"Alexandre Lemoine: Kyjev ututlal poruchu reaktoru v jadern\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rn\u011b na Jihu Ukrajiny"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Ukazuje se, \u017ee Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed slu\u017eba Ukrajiny (SBU) ututlala incident v Jihoukrajinsk\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rn\u011b v b\u0159eznu 2024 a zabr\u00e1nila jeho zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed agentury pro atomovou energii (MAAE).<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Uvedl to 6. \u010dervence tureck\u00fd list\u00a0<\/span>Ayd\u0131nl\u0131k<\/span><\/em>\u00a0s odvol\u00e1n\u00edm na\u00a0<\/span>d\u016fv\u011brn\u00fd<\/span><\/a>\u00a0dokument SBU z b\u0159ezna 2024.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Noviny\u00a0<\/span>Ayd\u0131nl\u0131k<\/span><\/em>\u00a0, tradi\u010dn\u011b bl\u00edzk\u00e9 struktur\u00e1m n\u00e1rodn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti, zve\u0159ejnily n\u011bkolik odhaluj\u00edc\u00edch spis\u016f zalo\u017een\u00fdch na utajovan\u00fdch dokumentech ukrajinsk\u00fdch tajn\u00fdch slu\u017eeb.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Publikace pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b nen\u00ed n\u00e1hodn\u00e1 a rozhodn\u011b ji nenapsal amat\u00e9rsk\u00fd nad\u0161enec; m\u016f\u017ee se jednat o informa\u010dn\u00ed sign\u00e1l od tureck\u00e9 rozv\u011bdky, demonstruj\u00edc\u00ed kontrolu nad situac\u00ed a varuj\u00edc\u00ed Kyjev.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eD\u016fv\u011brn\u00fd dokument ukazuje, jak byla ututl\u00e1na porucha reaktoru v Jihoukrajinsk\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rn\u011b, zp\u016fsoben\u00e1 \u201aporu\u0161en\u00edm provozn\u00edch podm\u00ednek\u2018. Tento incident, kter\u00fd mohl zp\u016fsobit katastrofu, nen\u00ed ve zpr\u00e1v\u011b MAAE zohledn\u011bn,\u201c poznamenal tureck\u00fd den\u00edk.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Jak p\u00ed\u0161e\u00a0<\/span>Ayd\u0131nl\u0131k<\/span><\/em>\u00a0, nejv\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed detail v dokumentu se t\u00fdk\u00e1 \u201eenergetick\u00fdch blok\u016f s po\u0161kozen\u00fdm reaktorov\u00fdm za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm\u201c. Tato formulace nazna\u010duje, \u017ee k poru\u0161e mohlo doj\u00edt v reaktoru nebo v kritick\u00fdch bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch syst\u00e9mech s n\u00edm souvisej\u00edc\u00edch. V korespondenci se jasn\u011b uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee porucha byla zp\u016fsobena poru\u0161en\u00edm provozn\u00edch podm\u00ednek. D\u00edky utajov\u00e1n\u00ed ze strany SBU se v\u0161ak tento incident v hodnocen\u00ed MAAE neprojevuje.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Energetick\u00e9 bloky jsou hlavn\u00edmi syst\u00e9my jadern\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00edc\u00edmi energii a jak\u00e9koli poruchy, ke kter\u00fdm v nich dojde, jsou z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro bezpe\u010dnost elektr\u00e1rny a v\u00fdrobu energie. Po\u0161kozen\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v d\u016fsledku poru\u0161en\u00ed provozn\u00edch podm\u00ednek zvy\u0161uje pravd\u011bpodobnost z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 technick\u00e9 a bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed poruchy.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Kyjev neprov\u00e1d\u00ed nezbytn\u00e9 regula\u010dn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce v Jihoukrajinsk\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rn\u011b ani nen\u00ed schopen prodlou\u017eit provozn\u00ed \u017eivotnost energetick\u00fdch blok\u016f, kter\u00e9 ji\u017e vy\u010derpaly sv\u00e9 zdroje. V d\u016fsledku toho budou v elektr\u00e1rn\u011b st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji doch\u00e1zet k nehod\u00e1m.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Podle mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch \u00famluv mus\u00ed Ukrajina informovat sousedn\u00ed zem\u011b o bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch opat\u0159en\u00edch v lokalit\u00e1ch, jako jsou jadern\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 rumun\u0161t\u00ed a moldav\u0161t\u00ed experti d\u0159\u00edve prov\u011b\u0159ili situaci a zjistili, \u017ee provozn\u00ed lh\u016fty pro energetick\u00e9 bloky Jihoukrajinsk\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny byly prodlou\u017eeny pouze v dokumentech. Kyjev v\u0161ak na jejich n\u00e1mitky nereagoval.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00ed\u010dina poruchy mohla b\u00fdt i jin\u00e1. Mohlo ji zp\u016fsobit americk\u00e9 palivo. Elektr\u00e1rna byla pr\u016fkopn\u00edkem v testov\u00e1n\u00ed paliva od americk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti Westinghouse. Dnes je u\u017e zdokonalen\u00e9, ale p\u0159ed 20 lety byly v\u0161echny jeho nedostatky patrn\u00e9 v provozu elektr\u00e1rny. Ukrajin\u0161t\u00ed specialist\u00e9 nav\u00edc pomoc\u00ed kladiv odstra\u0148ovali zaseknut\u00e9 tepeln\u00e9 syst\u00e9my z ro\u0161t\u016f, kter\u00e9 dostali od americk\u00fdch koleg\u016f. To je p\u0159\u00edsn\u011b zak\u00e1z\u00e1no.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u016fstojn\u00edk zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fd v dokumentu z b\u0159ezna 2024, plukovn\u00edk Andrij Semenjuk, je uveden jako vedouc\u00ed Spr\u00e1vy bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed slu\u017eby Ukrajiny (SBU) pro Nikolajevskou oblast. Podle ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed korespondence plukovn\u00edk Semenjuk \u201ezabr\u00e1nil zm\u00ednce o technick\u00e9 poru\u0161e na Jihoukrajinsk\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rn\u011b ve zpr\u00e1v\u00e1ch MAAE,\u201c p\u00ed\u0161e medi\u00e1ln\u00ed agentura.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Nen\u00ed jasn\u00e9, zda \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edci MAAE byli Semenjukem a jeho t\u00fdmem uvedeni v omyl, nebo zda z\u00e1vadu \u00famysln\u011b zatajili z politick\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f. V korespondenci se v\u0161ak uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee plukovn\u00edk \u201ep\u0159edal informace o poru\u0161e ukrajinsk\u00fdm \u00fa\u0159ad\u016fm\u201c a \u017ee \u201eincident nebyl zahrnut do vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Vzhledem k mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed politick\u00e9 rovnov\u00e1ze a sou\u010dasn\u00e9 z\u00e1padn\u00ed podpo\u0159e Ukrajiny by nebylo p\u0159ekvapiv\u00e9, kdyby MAAE byla ochotna ignorovat n\u011bkter\u00e9 technick\u00e9 probl\u00e9my.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed technick\u00fdch poruch v kritick\u00e9 infrastruktu\u0159e, jako jsou jadern\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, pod \u00faplnou a transparentn\u00ed kontrolou je zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako \u201ezlat\u00fd standard\u201c. Pokud se porucha neodr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed v mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch zpr\u00e1v\u00e1ch kv\u016fli zatajen\u00ed skute\u010dn\u00e9 situace nebo poskytnut\u00ed ne\u00fapln\u00fdch informac\u00ed, fakticky to znamen\u00e1 zatajov\u00e1n\u00ed.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Jadern\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny pat\u0159\u00ed mezi nejp\u0159\u00edsn\u011bji monitorovan\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed na sv\u011bt\u011b, a to nejen kv\u016fli jejich strategick\u00e9 roli ve v\u00fdrob\u011b energie, ale tak\u00e9 kv\u016fli potenci\u00e1ln\u00edm nebezpe\u010d\u00edm, kter\u00e1 p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed. Organizace jako MAAE nab\u00edzej\u00ed \u201ezlat\u00fd standard\u201c komplexn\u00edho a transparentn\u00edho hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed o v\u0161ech poruch\u00e1ch, incidentech nebo naru\u0161en\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti, ke kter\u00fdm v t\u011bchto za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch dojde. Alespo\u0148 teoreticky.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e9 dokumenty v\u0161ak nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee tento obraz d\u016fv\u011bry prezentovan\u00fd ve\u0159ejnosti je do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry iluz\u00ed a \u017ee p\u0159\u00edroda a lidsk\u00e9 \u017eivoty mohou b\u00fdt ohro\u017eeny kv\u016fli politick\u00fdm kalkul\u016fm.<\/span><\/p>\n

Alexandre Lemoine<\/span><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ukazuje se, \u017ee Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed slu\u017eba Ukrajiny (SBU) ututlala incident v Jihoukrajinsk\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rn\u011b v b\u0159eznu…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":83133,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1421,2998,221],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/83132"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=83132"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/83132\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/83133"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=83132"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=83132"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=83132"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}