{"id":82750,"date":"2025-07-04T00:22:08","date_gmt":"2025-07-03T22:22:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=82750"},"modified":"2025-07-03T15:18:29","modified_gmt":"2025-07-03T13:18:29","slug":"od-valky-mest-k-pravdivemu-slibu-3-iransky-balisticky-program-a-cesta-k-sitovemu-odstrasovani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/07\/04\/od-valky-mest-k-pravdivemu-slibu-3-iransky-balisticky-program-a-cesta-k-sitovemu-odstrasovani\/","title":{"rendered":"Od V\u00e1lky m\u011bst k Pravdiv\u00e9mu slibu 3: \u00cdr\u00e1nsk\u00fd balistick\u00fd program a cesta k s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9mu odstra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

Doktr\u00edna Isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 republiky t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se raket dlouh\u00e9ho doletu nen\u00ed jen p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhem o hromad\u011bn\u00ed arzen\u00e1lu, ale o \u010dty\u0159icetilet\u00e9 transformaci od improvizace p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed k opera\u010dn\u00ed nadvl\u00e1d\u011b tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed v tv\u00e1\u0159 z\u00e1padn\u00ed a izraelsk\u00e9 vzdu\u0161n\u00e9 dominanci.<\/strong><\/p>\n

V region\u00e1ln\u00edm nebi, kter\u00e9mu dlouho dominovala americk\u00e1 a izraelsk\u00e1 leteck\u00e1 a zpravodajsk\u00e1 p\u0159evaha, u\u010dinil \u00cdr\u00e1n p\u0159ed des\u00edtkami let osudov\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed. Nepokus\u00ed se vyrovnat sv\u00fdm protivn\u00edk\u016fm tank za tank nebo letadlo za letadlo, ale m\u00edsto toho od z\u00e1kladu vybuduje asymetrick\u00fd odstra\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed syst\u00e9m.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Sp\u00ed\u0161e ne\u017e aby se Teher\u00e1n honil za iluz\u00ed klasick\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 parity, vyvinul vlastn\u00ed arzen\u00e1l balistick\u00fdch raket, kter\u00fd je nyn\u00ed nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed a nejimpozantn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v z\u00e1padn\u00ed Asii. Ne\u0161lo o kr\u00e1tkodob\u00fd taktick\u00fd trik. \u00cdr\u00e1nsk\u00e1 raketov\u00e1 doktr\u00edna vznikla v existen\u010dn\u00edm boji, zdokonalov\u00e1na b\u011bhem v\u00e1lky a obl\u00e9h\u00e1n\u00ed a nakonec se prom\u011bnila v z\u00e1kladn\u00ed k\u00e1men\u00a0<\/span>n\u00e1rodn\u00ed obrann\u00e9 politiky<\/span><\/a>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00e1lka m\u011bst: Zrozen\u00ed v oble\u017een\u00ed (1980\u20131988)<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Prvn\u00ed f\u00e1ze \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00e9 raketov\u00e9 cesty za\u010dala v ohnisku ni\u010div\u00e9 \u00edr\u00e1nsko-ir\u00e1ck\u00e9 v\u00e1lky, konkr\u00e9tn\u011b b\u011bhem nechvaln\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00e9 \u201e\u00a0<\/span>V\u00e1lky m\u011bst<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u201c. Kdy\u017e baasistick\u00e1 vl\u00e1da v Bagd\u00e1du odpalovala sov\u011btem dodan\u00e9 rakety Scud-B hluboko do \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00fdch m\u011bstsk\u00fdch center, \u010dinila tak pod ochrann\u00fdm de\u0161tn\u00edkem z\u00e1padn\u00edch zpravodajsk\u00fdch slu\u017eeb a financov\u00e1n\u00ed z arabsk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f Persk\u00e9ho z\u00e1livu. Z\u00e1m\u011br byl jasn\u00fd: zlomit mor\u00e1lku \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho civiln\u00edho obyvatelstva systematick\u00fdm terorem z nebe.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00cdr\u00e1n, kter\u00fd se ocitl bez vlastn\u00edho odstra\u0161uj\u00edc\u00edho syst\u00e9mu protiraketov\u00e9 obrany, byl diplomaticky obkl\u00ed\u010den a obklopen silami spojen\u00fdmi se Z\u00e1padem, se obr\u00e1til na jak\u00e9koli zdroje, kter\u00e9 mohl shrom\u00e1\u017edit. Z\u00edskal omezen\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed raket Scud-B z Libye, S\u00fdrie a Severn\u00ed Koreje. Tyto ran\u00e9 akvizice, jakkoli skromn\u00e9, tvo\u0159ily z\u00e1rode\u010dn\u00e9 j\u00e1dro odstra\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed s\u00edly pod p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdm velen\u00edm Isl\u00e1msk\u00fdch revolu\u010dn\u00edch gard (IRGC).<\/span><\/p>\n

Ale tohle bylo v\u00edc ne\u017e jen pouh\u00e9 rakety. Byly to zbran\u011b n\u00e1rodn\u00ed d\u016fstojnosti v boji o p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed vznikaj\u00edc\u00ed Isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 republiky. \u00cdr\u00e1nsk\u00e9 veden\u00ed za\u010dalo vn\u00edmat raketov\u00e9 schopnosti nejen jako taktick\u00fd prost\u0159edek, ale jako psychologickou a politickou nutnost.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Vojensk\u00fd historik Pierre Razoux v knize \u00cdr\u00e1nsko-ir\u00e1ck\u00e1 v\u00e1lka<\/span><\/i><\/a>\u00a0(2014) poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1,\u00a0\u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b b\u011bhem t\u00e9to f\u00e1ze dosp\u011blo \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00e9 veden\u00ed k neot\u0159esiteln\u00e9mu z\u00e1v\u011bru: bez odvetn\u00fdch raketov\u00fdch sil nebylo mo\u017en\u00e9 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 psychologick\u00e9 ani strategick\u00e9 odstra\u0161en\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00cdr\u00e1nsk\u00e1 reakce nebyla ani improvizovan\u00e1, ani pasivn\u00ed. Krom\u011b dovozu raket za\u010dali \u00edr\u00e1n\u0161t\u00ed in\u017een\u00fd\u0159i syst\u00e9my demontovat, studovat a udr\u017eovat. Budovali pa\u0161er\u00e1ck\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b, obch\u00e1zeli embarga a reverzn\u011b konstruovali technologie.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Severn\u00ed Korea se stala kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm partnerem a slou\u017eila jako prost\u0159edn\u00edk pro sov\u011btsk\u00e9 raketov\u00e9 know-how.\u00a0<\/span>Zpr\u00e1va<\/span><\/a>\u00a0spole\u010dnosti RAND Corporation z roku 2010 s n\u00e1zvem\u00a0<\/span>\u00cdr\u00e1nsk\u00e9 schopnosti v oblasti balistick\u00fdch raket: \u010cist\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed<\/span><\/i>\u00a0uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee \u00cdr\u00e1n se stal schopen nejen replikovat, ale tak\u00e9 nez\u00e1visle p\u0159epracovat a roz\u0161i\u0159ovat raketovou technologii. Mezi lety 2000 a 2010 se \u00cdr\u00e1n posunul od masov\u00e9 v\u00fdroby k inovac\u00edm, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e prioritou byla p\u0159esnost, dolet a opera\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159ipravenost.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tak byly polo\u017eeny z\u00e1klady \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00e9 balistick\u00e9 doktr\u00edny: suverenita skrze technologickou nez\u00e1vislost a obrana skrze odstra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Od imitace k inovaci (1989\u20132009)<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Po skon\u010den\u00ed vnucen\u00e9 v\u00e1lky za\u010dal \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00fd vojensk\u00fd establishment \u2013 \u200b\u200bv \u010dele s IRGC \u2013 restrukturalizovat sv\u00e9 obrann\u00e9 priority. C\u00edlem ji\u017e nebylo jen vlastnit rakety, ale vyr\u00e1b\u011bt je nez\u00e1visle a ve velk\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

V centru t\u00e9to transformace st\u00e1l zesnul\u00fd mu\u010dedn\u00edk brig\u00e1dn\u00ed gener\u00e1l Hassan\u00a0<\/span>Tehrani Moghaddam<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, strategick\u00fd myslitel a technick\u00fd geni\u00e1ln\u00ed g\u00e9nius oslavovan\u00fd jako \u201eotec \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho raketov\u00e9ho programu\u201c. Ch\u00e1pal, \u017ee odstra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed nespo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v odpalov\u00e1n\u00ed raket, ale ve zvl\u00e1dnut\u00ed jejich \u017eivotn\u00edho cyklu: v\u00fdroby, maskov\u00e1n\u00ed, nasazen\u00ed a p\u0159esnosti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pod jeho veden\u00edm se \u00cdr\u00e1n z u\u017eivatele stal v\u00fdrobcem. Rakety Shahab-1 a Shahab-2 byly vylep\u0161en\u00fdmi variantami raket Scud-B a Scud-C. Skute\u010dn\u00fd pr\u016flom v\u0161ak nastal v roce 2003 s raketami\u00a0<\/span>Shahab-3<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, kter\u00e9 se py\u0161nily doletem p\u0159esahuj\u00edc\u00edm 1300 kilometr\u016f \u2013 schopnost\u00ed um\u00edstit americk\u00e9 z\u00e1kladny v Persk\u00e9m z\u00e1livu a okupovat Palestinu na dost\u0159el. \u0158ada Shahab pozd\u011bji ustoupila t\u0159\u00edd\u011b Ghadr s lep\u0161\u00edm doletem a schopnost\u00ed n\u00e9st v\u00edce bojov\u00fdch hlavic.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed skok v\u0161ak nastal s p\u0159ijet\u00edm pohonu na tuh\u00e1 paliva. Raketa\u00a0<\/span>Sejjil<\/span><\/a>\u00a0(s doletem 2 000\u20132 500 km), p\u0159edstaven\u00e1 na konci prvn\u00edho desetilet\u00ed 21. stolet\u00ed, byla prvn\u00edm \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem st\u0159edn\u00edho a\u017e dlouh\u00e9ho doletu, kter\u00fd nebyl z\u00e1visl\u00fd na technologii Scud. Signalizovala novou \u00e9ru technologick\u00e9 sob\u011bsta\u010dnosti a schopnosti rychl\u00e9ho odpalu raket.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u011bhem t\u00e9to f\u00e1ze \u00cdr\u00e1n podnikl rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 strategick\u00e9 kroky: zavedl pevn\u00e1 paliva pro snadn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed skladov\u00e1n\u00ed a rychl\u00e9 nasazen\u00ed, z\u0159\u00eddil podzemn\u00ed a mobiln\u00ed odpalovac\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, aby se vyhnul odhalen\u00ed, vybudoval decentralizovanou v\u00fdrobu pro sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed zranitelnosti v\u016f\u010di \u00fader\u016fm a integroval v\u00fdzkum raket do akademick\u00fdch instituc\u00ed s c\u00edlem vybudovat dom\u00e1c\u00ed k\u00e1dr odborn\u00edk\u016f.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Zpr\u00e1va<\/span><\/a>\u00a0Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho institutu pro strategick\u00e1 studia (IISS)\u00a0z roku 2010 s n\u00e1zvem\u00a0<\/span>\u00cdr\u00e1nsk\u00e9 schopnosti v oblasti balistick\u00fdch raket: \u010cist\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed<\/span><\/i>\u00a0uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee v t\u00e9to f\u00e1zi se \u00cdr\u00e1n posunul od pouh\u00e9ho replikov\u00e1n\u00ed zahrani\u010dn\u00edch raketov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f a za\u010dal navrhovat sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm m\u00edstn\u00edho v\u00fdzkumu a v\u00fdvoje a systematick\u00e9ho p\u0159epracov\u00e1n\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b zaveden\u00ed podzemn\u00ed v\u00fdroby. V letech 2000 a\u017e 2010 se \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00fd program rozhodn\u011b p\u0159esunul od kvantity ke kvalit\u011b, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se zv\u00fd\u0161il dolet, p\u0159esnost a opera\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159ipravenost.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e byl Moghaddam v listopadu 2011 zabit p\u0159i\u00a0<\/span>podez\u0159el\u00e9m v\u00fdbuchu<\/span><\/a>\u00a0na z\u00e1kladn\u011b \u201eObr\u00e1nci nebe\u201c, \u00cdr\u00e1n to prohl\u00e1sil za n\u00e1rodn\u00ed ztr\u00e1tu. Izrael sice odpov\u011bdnost nepotvrdil, ale ani nepop\u0159el, ale noviny\u00a0<\/span>Jediot Aharonot<\/span><\/i>\u00a0uvedly, \u017ee \u201en\u011bkter\u00e1 hodnocen\u00ed\u201c nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee v\u00fdbuch byl \u201ev\u00fdsledkem vojensk\u00e9 operace zalo\u017een\u00e9 na zpravodajsk\u00fdch informac\u00edch\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jeho odkaz nicm\u00e9n\u011b p\u0159etrval. Nejen\u017ee vybudoval zbra\u0148ov\u00fd syst\u00e9m, ale tak\u00e9 zavedl udr\u017eitelnou raketovou doktr\u00ednu zako\u0159en\u011bnou v p\u0159izp\u016fsobivosti a m\u00edstn\u00edch znalostech. Jeho smrt znamenala konec jedn\u00e9 \u00e9ry, ale tak\u00e9 katalyzovala zrod nov\u00e9 generace \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00fdch raket.<\/span><\/p>\n

Chytr\u00e9 rakety a p\u0159esn\u00e9 \u00fadery (2010\u20132020)<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

V roce 2010 se c\u00edl \u00cdr\u00e1nu posunul od hromadn\u00e9ho odstra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed k p\u0159esn\u00e9mu odstra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed. In\u017een\u00fd\u0159i se zam\u011b\u0159ili na nav\u00e1d\u011bc\u00ed syst\u00e9my vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed inerci\u00e1ln\u00ed navigaci v kombinaci s dom\u00e1c\u00edmi technologiemi GPS a proti ru\u0161en\u00ed. V\u00fdsledkem byla sada \u0159\u00edzen\u00fdch st\u0159el kr\u00e1tk\u00e9ho a st\u0159edn\u00edho doletu se zv\u00fd\u0161enou taktickou pou\u017eitelnost\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tato generace zahrnovala\u00a0<\/span>Zolfaghar<\/span><\/a>\u00a0(750 km), vysoce p\u0159esnou a kompaktn\u00ed raketu Fateh-313 ur\u010denou pro preventivn\u00ed \u00fadery, a Qiam \u2013 prvn\u00ed \u00edr\u00e1nskou bez\u017eebrovou st\u0159elu, navr\u017eenou pro nen\u00e1padnost a man\u00e9vrovatelnost.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00cdr\u00e1n tak\u00e9 vstoupil do oblasti n\u00edzkopodla\u017en\u00edch \u0159\u00edzen\u00fdch st\u0159el a vyvinul syst\u00e9my jako Soumar (s doletem p\u0159es 2 000 km) a Hoveizeh (s doletem 1 350 km), kter\u00e9 jsou oba schopn\u00e9 vyhnout se konven\u010dn\u00edm radar\u016fm a proniknout pokro\u010dilou protivzdu\u0161nou obranou.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tyto zbran\u011b nebyly teoretick\u00e9. V \u010dervnu 2017 \u00cdr\u00e1n\u00a0<\/span>odp\u00e1lil ze sv\u00e9ho \u00fazem\u00ed \u0161est raket st\u0159edn\u00edho doletu<\/span><\/a>\u00a0zam\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch na velitelsk\u00e1 centra ISIS v syrsk\u00e9m Dajr az-Zauru \u2013 \u0161lo o jeho prvn\u00ed opera\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159eshrani\u010dn\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed od 80. let 20. stolet\u00ed.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

V lednu 2020, v p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 odvet\u011b za americkou atent\u00e1t na gener\u00e1la jednotek Al-Kuds K\u00e1sema Solejm\u00e1n\u00edho z isl\u00e1msk\u00fdch revolu\u010dn\u00edch gard, \u00cdr\u00e1n za\u00fato\u010dil raketami Qiam a Fateh na z\u00e1kladnu Ajn al-Asad v Ir\u00e1ku. Satelitn\u00ed sn\u00edmky uk\u00e1zaly p\u0159esnost pod p\u011bt metr\u016f a zas\u00e1hly leteck\u00e9 hang\u00e1ry a vojensk\u00e9 kryty.\u00a0<\/span>New York Times to\u00a0<\/span><\/i>popsal<\/span><\/a>\u00a0jako jeden z nejp\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch raketov\u00fdch \u00fader\u016f na americk\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v modern\u00ed historii.<\/span><\/p>\n

Toto desetilet\u00ed znamenalo pro \u00cdr\u00e1n posun od \u201eodstra\u0161uj\u00edc\u00edch\u201c raket k \u201ev\u00fdkonn\u00fdm\u201c raket\u00e1m \u2013 syst\u00e9m\u016fm, kde se politick\u00e1 moc projevovala p\u0159esnost\u00ed. Ne\u0161lo u\u017e o maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed dolet, ale o maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinek. Raketa se stala skalpelem, nikoli kladivem, co\u017e p\u0159ipravilo cestu pro dosud nejpokro\u010dilej\u0161\u00ed \u00edr\u00e1nskou odstra\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed doktr\u00ednu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vzestup s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9ho odstra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed (2021\u20132023)<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Ve 20. letech 21. stolet\u00ed ji\u017e \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00e9 rakety nebyly samostatn\u00fdmi prost\u0159edky. Staly se z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dnou f\u00e1z\u00ed \u0161ir\u0161\u00edho integrovan\u00e9ho \u00fato\u010dn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu. Rakety nyn\u00ed fungovaly v tandemu s kamikadze drony, jednotkami elektronick\u00e9ho boje, kybernetick\u00fdm dohledem a decentralizovan\u00fdmi velitelsk\u00fdmi strukturami. Jednalo se o s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9 odstra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed: synchronizovan\u00fd, v\u00edcedom\u00e9nov\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup navr\u017een\u00fd k proniknut\u00ed a paralyzov\u00e1n\u00ed pokro\u010dil\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f protivzdu\u0161n\u00e9 obrany.<\/span><\/p>\n

V r\u00e1mci t\u00e9to doktr\u00edny \u00cdr\u00e1n vyvinul nov\u00e9 rakety p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00e9 pro vrstven\u00e9 operace. Hypersonick\u00e1 raketa\u00a0<\/span>Kheibar Shekan<\/span><\/a>\u00a0(1 450 km, 500 kg hlavice), naposledy nasazen\u00e1 v konfiguraci s v\u00edce hlavicemi b\u011bhem\u00a0<\/span>operace True Promise III<\/span><\/a>\u00a0proti okupa\u010dn\u00edmu st\u00e1tu, je p\u0159\u00edkladem tohoto v\u00fdvoje.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Mezi dal\u0161\u00ed kritick\u00e9 syst\u00e9my pat\u0159\u00ed Khorramshahr-4 (p\u0159es 2 000 km), Raad-500 (na tuh\u00e9 palivo, rychl\u00fd start), Zolfaghar Basir (opticky nav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e1, v\u00edce ne\u017e 1 000 km) a Haj Qassem (1 400 km, 500 kg hlavice) \u2013 v\u0161echny jsou ned\u00edlnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed roz\u0161i\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed se \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00e9 \u00fato\u010dn\u00e9 architektury.<\/span><\/p>\n

Do roku 2023 m\u011bl \u00cdr\u00e1n k dispozici p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 30 raketov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f s doletem 200 a\u017e 2 500 km. Tyto syst\u00e9my, nav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9 z platforem odoln\u00fdch proti ru\u0161en\u00ed a odpalovan\u00e9 z mobiln\u00edch nebo podzemn\u00edch z\u00e1kladn, byly navr\u017eeny tak, aby preventivn\u00ed \u00fadery byly obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 a strategicky ne\u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tabulka \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho raketov\u00e9ho arzen\u00e1lu (fdd.org).<\/span><\/sub><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Od pl\u00e1nu k boji\u0161ti: True Promise 3 (2024\u20132025)<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

V \u010dervnu \u00cdr\u00e1n\u00a0<\/span>pln\u011b vyu\u017eil sv\u016fj odstra\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed potenci\u00e1l<\/span><\/a>\u00a0v r\u00e1mci operace True Promise III, masivn\u00edho odvetn\u00e9ho \u00faderu proti okupa\u010dn\u00edmu st\u00e1tu a jeho americk\u00fdm podporovatel\u016fm. Tato operace, vyvolan\u00e1 izraelskou agres\u00ed a navazuj\u00edc\u00ed na omezen\u00e9 p\u0159edch\u016fdce, se stala zlomov\u00fdm bodem. Znamenala vyvrcholen\u00ed \u010dty\u0159 desetilet\u00ed \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00e9 raketov\u00e9 doktr\u00edny.<\/span><\/p>\n

Operaci True Promise III odli\u0161ovala nejen palebn\u00e1 s\u00edla, ale i integrace. \u00cdr\u00e1n koordinoval balistick\u00e9 \u00fadery, roje dron\u016f a elektronick\u00e9 \u00fatoky do jednotn\u00e9ho opera\u010dn\u00edho r\u00e1mce. Sv\u011bt se poprv\u00e9 stal sv\u011bdkem bezprobl\u00e9mov\u00e9ho propojen\u00ed \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00fdch raketov\u00fdch a dronov\u00fdch schopnost\u00ed v re\u00e1ln\u00e9m v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9m sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159i.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00fdsledek p\u0159evr\u00e1til naruby p\u0159edpoklady ve Washingtonu a Tel Avivu. Rakety, kter\u00e9\u00a0<\/span>zas\u00e1hly hluboko<\/span><\/a>\u00a0do izraelsk\u00e9ho \u00fazem\u00ed, nebyly jen n\u00e1stroji odvety. Byly to \u0161t\u00edty pro samotn\u00fd program \u2013 ofenzivn\u00ed odstra\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed prost\u0159edky schopn\u00e9 br\u00e1nit odvetnou s\u00edlu \u00cdr\u00e1nu t\u00edm, \u017ee zne\u0161kodn\u00ed nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9 prost\u0159edky d\u0159\u00edve, ne\u017e stanou jednat. \u00dader nebyl jen reakc\u00ed; byl to preventivn\u00ed \u00fader k preventivn\u00edmu \u00faderu nep\u0159\u00edtele.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nic z toho nelze odd\u011blit od \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho jadern\u00e9ho postoje. Balistick\u00fd a jadern\u00fd program se mohou zd\u00e1t odli\u0161n\u00e9, ale funguj\u00ed na stejn\u00e9 doktrin\u00e1ln\u00ed ose.\u00a0<\/span>Jadern\u00fd program<\/span><\/a>\u00a0symbolizuje suverenitu; raketov\u00fd program ji prosazuje. Spole\u010dn\u011b zbo\u0159ily z\u00e1padn\u00ed fantazii, \u017ee Izrael by mohl jedin\u00fdm \u00faderem neutralizovat \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00e9 odstra\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed kapacity.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ta \u00e9ra skon\u010dila. \u00cdr\u00e1nsk\u00fd protiraketov\u00fd \u0161t\u00edt u\u017e nen\u00ed jen hrozbou. Je to realita, kter\u00e1 je ji\u017e v provozu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Abb\u00e1s al-Zejn<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

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Doktr\u00edna Isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 republiky t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se raket dlouh\u00e9ho doletu nen\u00ed jen p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhem o hromad\u011bn\u00ed arzen\u00e1lu, ale…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":82751,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,38,1031,349],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/82750"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=82750"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/82750\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/82751"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=82750"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=82750"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=82750"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}