{"id":8123,"date":"2022-02-08T05:00:20","date_gmt":"2022-02-08T04:00:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=8123"},"modified":"2022-02-26T17:00:01","modified_gmt":"2022-02-26T16:00:01","slug":"brutalni-a-vrazedne-pokusy-na-lidech-ve-jmenu-nemecke-vedy-prestize-a-rodinneho-stesti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2022\/02\/08\/brutalni-a-vrazedne-pokusy-na-lidech-ve-jmenu-nemecke-vedy-prestize-a-rodinneho-stesti\/","title":{"rendered":"Brut\u00e1ln\u00ed a vra\u017eedn\u00e9 pokusy na lidech ve jm\u00e9nu n\u011bmeck\u00e9 v\u011bdy, presti\u017ee a rodinn\u00e9ho \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed…"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n
Pokusn\u00e1 osoba byla vybr\u00e1na z \u0159ad zdrav\u00fdch v\u011bz\u0148\u016f. Byla n\u00e1sledn\u011b p\u0159ipout\u00e1na ke dnu plechov\u00e9ho baz\u00e9nku ve st\u0159edu laborato\u0159e tak, aby se nemohla h\u00fdbat. Voda byla slan\u00e1, o teplot\u011b 3\u00b0C. A t\u011blo bu\u010f nah\u00e9, nebo oble\u010den\u00e9 do kombin\u00e9zy Luftwaffe. N\u011bkdy i s helmou, plovac\u00ed vestou nebo dal\u0161\u00edmi sou\u010d\u00e1stmi v\u00fdbavy. Pr\u016fb\u011bh experimentu, tedy zejm\u00e9na fyziologick\u00e9 projevy testovan\u00e9 osoby, byly Dr. Sigmundem Rascherem pe\u010dliv\u011b, minutu po minut\u011b, zapisov\u00e1ny…<\/strong><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Bezv\u011bdom\u00ed nast\u00e1valo zpravidla do jedn\u00e9 hodiny. N\u00e1sledn\u011b smrt. V lep\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b rychl\u00e1 a ihned, v hor\u0161\u00edm a\u017e jako n\u00e1sledek teplotn\u00edho \u0161oku p\u0159i n\u00e1sledn\u00e9m simulovan\u00e9m oh\u0159evu. Mal\u00e9 procento pokus\u016f sice kon\u010dilo p\u0159e\u017eit\u00edm jedince, ale ten pak musel b\u00fdt usmrcen injekc\u00ed. Aby mohla prob\u011bhnout pitva, stejn\u011b jako u ostatn\u00edch. Zji\u0161\u0165oval se nap\u0159\u00edklad objem voln\u011b tekouc\u00ed krve, teplota na r\u016fzn\u00fdch m\u00edstech, kontrakce sval\u016f a c\u00e9v a dal\u0161\u00ed parametry.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Ob\u010das se ale pokus nepoda\u0159il. Jako tehdy, kdy\u017e byli do baz\u00e9nku p\u0159iv\u00e1z\u00e1ni dva ru\u0161t\u00ed d\u016fstojn\u00edci. Navz\u00e1jem k sob\u011b a naz\u00ed. C\u00edlem bylo zjistit, zda je takto \u0161ance pilota, p\u0159i sest\u0159elen\u00ed nad mo\u0159em, vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed, pokud se ve vod\u011b dr\u017e\u00ed v\u00edce lid\u00ed t\u011bsn\u011b u sebe. Pokus trval d\u00e9le, ne\u017e se \u010dekalo. U\u017e cel\u00e9 dv\u011b a p\u016fl hodiny a bezv\u011bdom\u00ed u t\u011bchto mu\u017e\u016f st\u00e1le nenast\u00e1valo. Asistent Walter Neff (ano, to je ten sam\u00fd Walter Neff, co mu v Dachau E. F. Burian slo\u017eil p\u00edse\u0148 „TBC Marsch“) nal\u00e9hal na Dr. Raschera, \u017ee u\u017e oba rad\u0161i usmrt\u00ed injekcemi, aby se v t\u00e9 vod\u011b d\u00e1l netr\u00e1pili. Ale ten o tom necht\u011bl ani sly\u0161et. Kategoricky trval na dokon\u010den\u00ed pokusu, dokud u nich nenastane smrt „p\u0159irozen\u011b“.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
N\u011bme\u010dt\u00ed v\u011bdci p\u0159i barbarsk\u00e9m pokusu na jednom z v\u011bz\u0148\u016f koncentra\u010dn\u00edho t\u00e1bora<\/strong><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\"N\u011bme\u010dt\u00ed<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Kdy\u017e u\u017e m\u00e1\u010den\u00ed trvalo p\u0159es t\u0159i hodiny, za\u010dal Neff do testovan\u00fdch s\u0165ouchat, aby Raschera p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dil, \u017ee bezv\u011bdom\u00ed nastalo. M\u00edsto toho se ale jeden mu\u017e probral, pak i druh\u00fd mu\u017e zvedl hlavu, a prob\u011bhl mezi nimi kr\u00e1tk\u00fd dialog:<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\u00ab\u0422\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0449, \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438 \u043e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0440\u0430, \u043e\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0441 \u043f\u0443\u043b\u0435\u0439…\u00bb<\/div>\n
\u00ab\u041d\u0435 \u0436\u0434\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0449\u0430\u0434\u0443, \u043e\u0442 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0443\u043a\u0438!\u00bb<\/div>\n
N\u00e1sledn\u011b zkusil prvn\u00ed podat druh\u00e9mu ruku, doprov\u00e1zeje to slovy:<\/div>\n
\u00ab\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0430\u0439, \u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0449… \u043d\u0430\u043c \u043e\u0442\u0441\u044e\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f…\u00bb<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Rascher \u0159ve na p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00e9ho polsk\u00e9ho v\u011bzn\u011b. A\u0165 mu to sakra p\u0159ekl\u00e1d\u00e1! V\u00ed p\u0159ece, \u017ee si to mus\u00ed zapisovat, je to d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9. Pol\u00e1k ale zareaguje duchap\u0159\u00edtomn\u011b:<\/div>\n
„\u0158\u00edkaj\u00ed… no, \u017ee u\u017e dlouho nevydr\u017e\u00ed… ale \u017ee by rad\u0161i padli… jako d\u016fstojn\u00edci kulkou v boji s fa\u0161isty…“<\/div>\n
Rascher se na to moc netv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed, ale pro n\u011bco si kvapem odch\u00e1z\u00ed do sv\u00e9 pracovny. Pol\u00e1k toho ihned vyu\u017eije a sna\u017e\u00ed se oba tr\u00e1pen\u00e9 mu\u017ee alespo\u0148 uspat tamp\u00f3nem s chloroformem. N\u00e1hle se ale rozlet\u00ed dv\u011b\u0159e a v nich je Rascher zp\u011bt. A m\u00ed\u0159\u00ed pu\u0161kou na n\u011bj i na Neffa:<\/div>\n
„Tento experiment nech\u00e1te dob\u011bhnout! Jinak V\u00e1s tady, na m\u00edst\u011b, zast\u0159el\u00edm…“<\/div>\n
Smrt obou Rus\u016f nastala, ale a\u017e po v\u00edce ne\u017e p\u011bti hodin\u00e1ch od pono\u0159en\u00ed. ..<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Doktor Rascher o sv\u00fdch experimentech \u010dasto psal. A to zejm\u00e9na samotn\u00e9mu Heinrichu Himmlerovi. Jejich bl\u00edzk\u00e9 kontakty vznikly z\u00e1sluhou Rascherovy man\u017eelky. Byla j\u00ed Karolina Diehl, o \u0161estn\u00e1ct let star\u0161\u00ed, ale st\u00e1le atraktivn\u00ed vdova po divadeln\u00edm re\u017eis\u00e9rovi Oskaru Diehlovi.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
V p\u0159edv\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9m Mnichov\u011b zp\u00edvala \u0161l\u00e1gry po barech a nech\u00e1vala si \u0159\u00edkat „Nini“. K Himlerovi m\u011bla z\u0159ejm\u011b bl\u00ed\u017e, ne\u017e Rascher kdy tu\u0161il, ale \u0161lo mu od za\u010d\u00e1tku hlavn\u011b o rodinu, presti\u017e a v\u011bdeckou kari\u00e9ru.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Rascher, coby syn z lep\u0161\u00ed doktorsk\u00e9 rodiny, \u0161el po maturit\u011b studovat medic\u00ednu do Freiburgu. Musel, ale jako student tam zrovna neexceloval. P\u0159esto nakonec z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 po p\u011bti letech doktor\u00e1t. Je toti\u017e aktivn\u00edm \u010dlenem NSDAP. L\u00e9\u010den\u00ed pacient\u016f ho ale nenapl\u0148uje a tak se nakonec p\u0159ihl\u00e1s\u00ed k Luftwaffe. Jeho otce to velmi zas\u00e1hlo. N\u00e1sledn\u00e1 svatba s barovou zp\u011bva\u010dkou tomu tak\u00e9 nepomohla. Co s t\u00edm? V\u00fdzkum pro Luftwaffe! Tak spoj\u00ed medic\u00ednu, v\u011bdu a i tu Nini vezme t\u00e1ta na milost, a\u017e uvid\u00ed, kam se p\u0159es n\u00ed dostal…<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Nini p\u00ed\u0161e Himmlerovi \u010dasto a Sigmund v\u017edy n\u011bco dopln\u00ed, vet\u0161inou ohledn\u011b sv\u00e9 v\u011bdeck\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce. Nap\u0159\u00edklad si st\u011b\u017euje, \u017ee sice za\u010dal pro Luftwaffe prov\u00e1d\u011bt pokusy s podtlakem na prim\u00e1tech, ale v\u00fdsledky jsou nep\u0159enosn\u00e9. Je p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den, \u017ee exaktn\u00edch z\u00e1v\u011br\u016f dos\u00e1hne pouze testov\u00e1n\u00edm na dobrovoln\u00edc\u00edch. Ale jde o nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 pokusy, kde jim „hroz\u00ed“ i smrt. A tak \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 prost\u011b nese\u017eene. Je zoufal\u00fd. Na to mu Himmler\u016fv asistent Rudolf Brandt v jednom z dopis\u016f p\u0159\u00edmo sd\u011bluje, \u017ee v KL Dachau, spadaj\u00edc\u00edm do Himmlerovy kompetence, m\u016f\u017ee takov\u00fdch pokusn\u00fdch osob zajistit „prakticky neomezen\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed“. V Dachau u\u017e Raschel jedno v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 pracovi\u0161t\u011b m\u00e1. Na v\u011bzn\u00edch z KL tam testuj\u00ed rostlinn\u00e9 extrakty proti n\u00e1dorov\u00fdm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm v r\u00e1mci Krebsforschung, Raschel\u016fv otec je velk\u00fdm zast\u00e1ncem alternativn\u00ed medic\u00edny. Ve z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed laborato\u0159e s tlakovou komorou, termostatickou m\u00edstnost\u00ed a zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdm baz\u00e9nkem tak u\u017e nebr\u00e1n\u00ed nic…<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Himmler se n\u011bkter\u00fdch experiment\u016f, na Rascherovo pozv\u00e1n\u00ed, dokonce z\u00fa\u010dastnil p\u0159\u00edmo osobn\u011b. Byl ale pom\u011brn\u011b \u00fatlocitn\u00fd, u\u017e p\u0159i pohledu na krev se mu d\u011blalo mdlo. Jen p\u0159i pokusech s hypotermi\u00ed zde zem\u0159ela asi stovka v\u011bz\u0148\u016f. Navrhuje tedy, a\u0165 se Rascher inspiruje jinde, t\u0159eba u ryb\u00e1\u0159\u016f z Nordsee. Ti p\u0159eci, kdy\u017e se vr\u00e1t\u00ed polozmrzl\u00ed od mo\u0159e, zalehnou doma se \u017eenou pod pe\u0159inu a hned… v\u0161ak v\u00ed, mrk\u00e1 na n\u011bj. Rodina Rascherov\u00fdch u\u017e m\u00e1 tou dobou 3 mal\u00e9 d\u011bti. V\u0161ude je d\u00e1v\u00e1 za vzor. Nikdy by ne\u010dekal, \u017ee jeho star\u0161\u00ed „kamar\u00e1dka“ Nini bude m\u00edt je\u0161t\u011b v p\u011bta\u010dty\u0159iceti letech vlastn\u00ed, ale n\u011bmeck\u00e1 medic\u00edna evidentn\u011b um\u00ed i z\u00e1zraky! Himmler je nad\u0161en.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Rascher tak po mnoha pokusech doch\u00e1z\u00ed k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee jedinou metodou oh\u0159\u00e1t\u00ed podchlazen\u00e9ho pilota, eliminuj\u00edc\u00ed teplotn\u00ed \u0161ok, je vlastn\u00ed \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00e9 teplo. Ale jak rozmrazov\u00e1n\u00ed urychlit? M\u011bn\u00ed proto postup. Experiment sice prob\u011bhne stejn\u011b, jak p\u0159edt\u00edm, ale rozmrazen\u00ed u\u017e se nebude prov\u00e1d\u011bt horkou vodou. Nam\u00edsto toho byla z KL Ravensbr\u00fcck p\u0159edobjedn\u00e1na skupina \u017een. Po\u017eadavek na dostatek \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00e9ho tepla a podko\u017en\u00edho tuku byl ale u v\u011bze\u0148ky\u0148 probl\u00e9m splnit. Proto byla vyselektov\u00e1na z \u010derstv\u00e9ho transportu \u010dtve\u0159ice romsk\u00fdch \u017een. Testovan\u00fd „pilot“, jakmile upadl do bezv\u011bdom\u00ed, byl z baz\u00e9nku vyta\u017een a z obou stran sv\u00e1z\u00e1n se dv\u011bma z nich, do naha vysvle\u010den\u00fdmi, aby ho „p\u0159ivedly k \u017eivotu“. Ale ani to nefungovalo. N\u00e1sledn\u011b byly usmrceny, proto\u017ee bylo ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed, aby mezi v\u011bzn\u011b pros\u00e1klo, co tyto „experimenty“ obn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed. Takto se k nim hl\u00e1sili dobrovoln\u011b, v domn\u011bn\u00ed, \u017ee na chvilku uniknou nelidsk\u00fdm podm\u00ednk\u00e1m v KL…<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Ve v\u00fd\u010dtu dal\u0161\u00edch zr\u016fdnost\u00ed ani nebudu pokra\u010dovat. Popsal bych des\u00edtky stran \u010dist\u00fdm, patologick\u00fdm hnusem. Zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed, kolik vydr\u017e\u00ed lidsk\u00e9 t\u011blo stup\u0148\u016f v hork\u00e9 vod\u011b, d\u016fsledky n\u00e1hl\u00fdch zm\u011bn tlaku z nuly na n\u011bkolik atmosf\u00e9r, odolnost kr\u010dn\u00ed p\u00e1te\u0159e proti r\u00e1zu otev\u0159en\u00ed pad\u00e1ku a dal\u0161\u00ed zv\u011brstva je stra\u0161n\u00e9 \u010dten\u00ed. Sama v\u011bda se k v\u00fdsledk\u016fm t\u011bchto experiment\u016f stav\u011bla od po\u010d\u00e1tku rezervovan\u011b, a\u010dkoliv existuj\u00ed opodstatn\u011bn\u00e9 domn\u011bnky, \u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b Rascherovy poznatky z podtlakov\u00fdch experiment\u016f byly nakonec ve v\u0161\u00ed tichosti zohledn\u011bny v pov\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9m nadzvukov\u00e9m a kosmick\u00e9m v\u00fdzkumu, zejm\u00e9na v USA, kde p\u0159edm\u011btn\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly skon\u010dily).<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Rascher nakonec upadl v nemilost, kdy\u017e byla Nini p\u0159isti\u017eena p\u0159i pokusu o \u00fanos kojence. Bylo j\u00ed u\u017e 48 let a dal\u0161\u00ed d\u00edt\u011b u\u017e m\u00edt nemohla. Tak ho zkusila ukr\u00e1st. Takov\u00e1 ostuda! Himmler doslova zu\u0159\u00ed. Oba man\u017eele nech\u00e1v\u00e1, ihned, bez soudu, internovat do KL Buchenwald, proto\u017ee prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00ed set\u0159en\u00ed ukazuje i na dal\u0161\u00ed nesrovnalosti. Nakonec \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 z p\u0159edchoz\u00edch t\u0159\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed nen\u00ed Nini.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
A n\u011bkdej\u0161\u00ed podivn\u00e9 zmizen\u00ed Rascherovy asistentky Julie Muschler, Karolininy zn\u00e1m\u00e9, byla asi vra\u017eda. T\u011blo nalezli v Alp\u00e1ch, bl\u00edzko c\u00edle v\u00fdletu, kam si spolu Raschlerovi vyrazili. P\u0159id\u00e1vaj\u00ed se nav\u00edc i v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 ekonomick\u00e9 nesrovnalosti. U Himmlera tedy kone\u010dn\u00e1, tohle neodpou\u0161t\u00ed ani sv\u00fdm nejv\u011brn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm…<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
V dubnu 1945 je pak Rascher evakuov\u00e1n do Dachau, do bunkrov\u00e9 cely. Ironi\u00ed osudu tam, kde prov\u00e1d\u011bl sv\u00e9 pokusy. Na sam\u00e9m konci v\u00e1lky, 26. dubna 1945, tedy t\u0159i dny p\u0159ed osvobozen\u00edm t\u00e1bora, je na Himmler\u016fv osobn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkaz zast\u0159elen. Provede to bez varov\u00e1n\u00ed, skrz j\u00eddeln\u00ed ok\u00e9nko ve dve\u0159\u00edch cely, SS-Hauptscharf\u00fchrer Theodor Bongartz. Do bezvl\u00e1dn\u00e9ho t\u011bla je\u0161t\u011b nezapomene kopnout se slovy:<\/div>\n
„Ty svin\u011b. Tak te\u010f m\u00e1\u0161 trest, co sis zaslou\u017eil…“<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
A jak skon\u010dila prot\u0159el\u00e1 Nini? Byla deportov\u00e1na pro zm\u011bnu do KL Ravensbr\u00fcck. Tam, po napaden\u00ed str\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 a ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9m pokusu o \u00fat\u011bk, dob\u011bhla spravedlnost i ji a byla ob\u011b\u0161ena.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
A pro\u010d to v\u0161echno p\u00ed\u0161u? Proto\u017ee v\u00e1lka je stra\u0161n\u00e1. A nesm\u00ed se na to zapom\u00ednat. Uvol\u0148uje to, co si jist\u00e9 typy lid\u00ed v m\u00edrov\u00fdch dob\u00e1ch nemohou dovolit. I zv\u011brstva v koncentr\u00e1c\u00edch neskute\u010dn\u011b z akcelerovala. Nuly se chop\u00ed sv\u00fdch \u017eivotn\u00edch \u0161anc\u00ed. Tak pozor na ty, kdo s n\u00ed te\u010f m\u00e1vaj\u00ed jako s n\u011bjakou alternativou. U\u017e je jich okolo zase docela dost…<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Dnes je to toti\u017e p\u0159esn\u011b 77 let, co vojska frontu Ivana St\u011bpanovi\u010de Kon\u011bva osvobodila r\u00e1bory KL Auschwitz-I a KL Auschwitz-II. D\u011bkuji a nezapom\u00edn\u00e1m…<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Pavel Cimbal<\/strong><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pokusn\u00e1 osoba byla vybr\u00e1na z \u0159ad zdrav\u00fdch v\u011bz\u0148\u016f. Byla n\u00e1sledn\u011b p\u0159ipout\u00e1na ke dnu plechov\u00e9ho baz\u00e9nku…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1537,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1650,999,625,429],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8123"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8123"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8123\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1537"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8123"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8123"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8123"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}