{"id":81187,"date":"2025-06-14T00:19:19","date_gmt":"2025-06-13T22:19:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=81187"},"modified":"2025-06-13T11:41:16","modified_gmt":"2025-06-13T09:41:16","slug":"cina-rekrutuje-celou-afriku-diplomaticky-prevrat-stoleti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/06\/14\/cina-rekrutuje-celou-afriku-diplomaticky-prevrat-stoleti\/","title":{"rendered":"\u010c\u00edna rekrutuje celou Afriku \u2013 diplomatick\u00fd p\u0159evrat stolet\u00ed?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Mo\u017en\u00e1 jsme pr\u00e1v\u011b byli sv\u011bdky nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edho diplomatick\u00e9ho p\u0159evratu 21. stolet\u00ed.<\/span><\/h3>\n

V\u0161echny africk\u00e9 zem\u011b<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 s v\u00fdjimkou mal\u00e9ho Svazijska \u2013 se ned\u00e1vno z\u00fa\u010dastnily summitu na vysok\u00e9 \u00farovni v \u010cchang-\u0161a (provincie Chu-nan, \u010c\u00edna) a p\u0159ijaly spole\u010dn\u00e9 prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je vskutku zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed:\u00a0<\/span>\u010c\u00ednsko-africk\u00e9 prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed z \u010cchang-\u0161a<\/span><\/em>\u00a0vyz\u00fdv\u00e1 ke spole\u010dn\u00e9mu odporu proti americk\u00e9mu unilateralismu a protekcionismu \u2013 a otev\u0159en\u011b se zavazuje k realizaci t\u0159\u00ed hlavn\u00edch glob\u00e1ln\u00edch iniciativ \u010c\u00edny:\u00a0<\/span>Iniciativy pro glob\u00e1ln\u00ed rozvoj<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0,\u00a0<\/span>Iniciativy pro glob\u00e1ln\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0a\u00a0<\/span>Iniciativy pro glob\u00e1ln\u00ed civilizaci<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ekonomick\u00e9 megapartnerstv\u00ed s Afrikou<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u010c\u00edna se zavazuje\u00a0poskytnout 100% bezceln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup ke v\u0161em celn\u00edm hranic\u00edm\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>v\u0161em 53 africk\u00fdm zem\u00edm s diplomatick\u00fdmi vztahy s Pekingem<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<\/span>v\u0161em s v\u00fdjimkou Eswatini<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Pro nejm\u00e9n\u011b rozvinut\u00e9 zem\u011b Afriky budou rovn\u011b\u017e zavedena dodate\u010dn\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed v oblasti p\u0159\u00edstupu na trh, inspekc\u00ed, karant\u00e9ny a celn\u00edho odbaven\u00ed s c\u00edlem masivn\u011b podpo\u0159it bilater\u00e1ln\u00ed obchod.<\/span><\/p>\n

Toto ekonomick\u00e9 partnerstv\u00ed, popisovan\u00e9 jako \u201espole\u010dn\u00fd rozvoj\u201c, jde nad r\u00e1mec symbolick\u00fdch gest. Jeho c\u00edlem je spojit africk\u00e9 zdroje a demografickou s\u00edlu s \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdm kapit\u00e1lem, know-how a technologiemi \u2013 a\u00a0<\/span>to nad r\u00e1mec z\u00e1padn\u00edch rozvojov\u00fdch model\u016f<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Politick\u00fd vzkaz pro USA: \u201eDost!\u201c<\/span><\/h3>\n

Politick\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st deklarace je je\u0161t\u011b explicitn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Africk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty a \u010c\u00edna v\u00fdslovn\u011b odsuzuj\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>\u201eunilateralismus, protekcionismus a ekonomickou \u0161ikanu\u201c<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 jasn\u011b nam\u00ed\u0159enou proti Spojen\u00fdm st\u00e1t\u016fm \u2013 a vyz\u00fdvaj\u00ed Washington k \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed spor\u016f na z\u00e1klad\u011b rovnosti a vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9ho respektu. Diplomaticky to znamen\u00e1:\u00a0<\/span>\u201eAmeriko, p\u0159esta\u0148 se chovat jako tyran.\u201c<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Pouh\u00e1 kritika v\u0161ak nesta\u010d\u00ed \u2013 Afrika se spole\u010dn\u011b zav\u00e1zala k realizaci v\u0161ech \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdch projekt\u016f glob\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0159\u00e1du: od Nov\u00e9 hedv\u00e1bn\u00e9 stezky (\u201eP\u00e1s a cesta\u201c) a\u017e po strategii glob\u00e1ln\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti. Deklarace obsahuje pozoruhodnou pas\u00e1\u017e, v n\u00ed\u017e se ob\u011b strany zavazuj\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>\u201echr\u00e1nit vz\u00e1jemn\u00e1 legitimn\u00ed pr\u00e1va a z\u00e1jmy\u201c<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 a\u00a0<\/span>\u201est\u00e1t bok po boku s vz\u00e1jemnou podporou uprost\u0159ed chaosu a zm\u011bn<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u201c. Nejedn\u00e1 se o obrannou smlouvu, ale o jasn\u00fd\u00a0<\/span>strategick\u00fd projev solidarity<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0proti vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu tlaku.<\/span><\/p>\n

Obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00e1 je pas\u00e1\u017e, kter\u00e1 vylu\u010duje jak\u00fdkoli kompromis na \u00fakor t\u0159et\u00edch stran \u2013 de facto kolektivn\u00ed slib\u00a0<\/span>nenechat se rozd\u011blit<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0a neuzav\u0159\u00edt \u201esepar\u00e1tn\u00ed m\u00edr\u201c se z\u00e1padn\u00edmi mocnostmi, kter\u00fd by mohl oslabit ostatn\u00ed.\u00a0<\/span>\u201eJeden za v\u0161echny, v\u0161ichni za jednoho\u201c<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 to je implicitn\u00ed poselstv\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bezprecedentn\u00ed krok ve sv\u011btov\u00fdch d\u011bjin\u00e1ch<\/span><\/h3>\n

Nikdy p\u0159edt\u00edm se \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 nov\u011b vznikaj\u00edc\u00ed mocnosti nepoda\u0159ilo\u00a0z\u00edskat\u00a0<\/span>jednotnou politickou, ekonomickou a diplomatickou podporu cel\u00e9ho kontinentu pro alternativn\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00fd \u0159\u00e1d \u2013 a t\u00edm otev\u0159en\u011b vyzvat Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b se teprve uvid\u00ed, zda po t\u011bchto slovech budou n\u00e1sledovat \u010diny. Ale samotn\u00fd rozsah ambic\u00ed je historick\u00fd: \u010c\u00edna p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dila celou Afriku \u2013 54 st\u00e1t\u016f \u2013 aby se v jedin\u00e9m prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed zav\u00e1zaly ke kolektivn\u00ed transformaci glob\u00e1ln\u00ed mocensk\u00e9 struktury.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00dapln\u00e9 zn\u011bn\u00ed v\u00fd\u0148atk\u016f z \u010c\u00ednsko-africk\u00e9 deklarace z \u010cchang-\u0161a (11. \u010dervna 2025):<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

I. Spole\u010dn\u00e1 vize<\/span><\/h4>\n

Afrika a \u010c\u00edna uzn\u00e1vaj\u00ed vzestup glob\u00e1ln\u00edho Jihu jako\u00a0<\/span>\u201etrend doby\u201c<\/span><\/em>\u00a0a vyz\u00fdvaj\u00ed k vytvo\u0159en\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>\u201espole\u010denstv\u00ed se sd\u00edlenou budoucnost\u00ed lidstva<\/span><\/em>\u00a0\u201c. Z\u00e1kladem by m\u011bla b\u00fdt realizace t\u0159\u00ed \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdch iniciativ a spolupr\u00e1ce v r\u00e1mci iniciativy P\u00e1s a stezka.<\/span><\/p>\n

II. Kritika Z\u00e1padu<\/span><\/h4>\n

Jednostrannost a ekonomick\u00e1 \u0161ikana ze strany \u201en\u011bkter\u00fdch zem\u00ed\u201c \u2013 jednozna\u010dn\u011b Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f \u2013 brzd\u00ed rozvoj africk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f. Je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed koordinovan\u00e1 reakce.<\/span><\/p>\n

III. Obchodn\u00ed \u0159\u00e1d<\/span><\/h4>\n

Washington je nal\u00e9hav\u011b \u017e\u00e1d\u00e1n o n\u00e1vrat k multilater\u00e1ln\u00edmu obchodu. Rozvojov\u00e1 pomoc by nem\u011bla b\u00fdt omezov\u00e1na, ale naopak zvy\u0161ov\u00e1na.<\/span><\/p>\n

IV. Vz\u00e1jemn\u00e1 podpora<\/span><\/h4>\n

Afrika oce\u0148uje z\u00e1vazek \u010c\u00edny k rovnosti a spravedlnosti a \u010c\u00edna uzn\u00e1v\u00e1 odolnost Afriky v\u016f\u010di vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu tlaku. Ob\u011b strany jasn\u011b d\u00e1vaj\u00ed najevo:\u00a0<\/span>nebudou \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 \u00fastupky na \u00fakor t\u0159et\u00edch stran.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

V. Pro skute\u010dn\u00fd multilateralismus<\/span><\/h4>\n

Deklarace vyz\u00fdv\u00e1 k n\u00e1vratu k mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edmu syst\u00e9mu veden\u00e9mu OSN a k\u00a0<\/span>\u201eotev\u0159en\u00e9, inkluzivn\u00ed a vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00e9 globalizaci<\/span><\/em>\u00a0\u201c, v\u010detn\u011b siln\u00e9 WTO.<\/span><\/p>\n

VI. Rovnost st\u00e1t\u016f<\/span><\/h4>\n

V\u0161echny zem\u011b \u2013 velk\u00e9 i mal\u00e9 \u2013 jsou si rovny. \u010c\u00ednsko-africk\u00e9 p\u0159\u00e1telstv\u00ed by m\u011blo vytv\u00e1\u0159et stabilitu a slou\u017eit jako vzor pro glob\u00e1ln\u00ed Jih.<\/span><\/p>\n

VII. Spole\u010dn\u00e1 modernizace<\/span><\/h4>\n

Ob\u011b strany se zavazuj\u00ed ke spole\u010dn\u00e9 modernizaci a udr\u017eiteln\u00e9mu rozvoji v r\u00e1mci Agendy Africk\u00e9 unie 2063.<\/span><\/p>\n

VIII. Bezceln\u00ed obchod pro Afriku<\/span><\/h4>\n

\u010c\u00edna slibuje\u00a0<\/span>\u00fapln\u00e9 osvobozen\u00ed od cel<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0pro v\u0161echny africk\u00e9 produkty \u2013 plus technickou pomoc, snaz\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup a podporu obchodu.<\/span><\/p>\n

IX. High-tech a bezpe\u010dnost<\/span><\/h4>\n

Bude zintenzivn\u011bna\u00a0spolupr\u00e1ce v oblasti\u00a0<\/span>zelen\u00fdch odv\u011btv\u00ed, elektronick\u00e9ho obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed, um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence, pr\u00e1va a financ\u00ed . C\u00edlem je dos\u00e1hnout vysoce kvalitn\u00edho rozvoje za rovn\u00fdch podm\u00ednek.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

X. Kulturn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bna<\/span><\/h4>\n

F\u00f3rum pro \u010d\u00ednsko-africkou spolupr\u00e1ci (FOCAC) se m\u00e1 prohloubit a rok 2026 m\u00e1 b\u00fdt vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00a0<\/span>\u201eRokem kulturn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bny<\/span><\/em>\u00a0\u201c .<\/span><\/p>\n

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Z\u00e1v\u011br:<\/span><\/strong>
\nTo, \u010deho \u010c\u00edna v \u010cchang-\u0161a dos\u00e1hla, je mnohem v\u00edc ne\u017e jen symbolick\u00fd akt \u2013 je to form\u00e1ln\u00ed projev solidarity mezi glob\u00e1ln\u00ed mocnost\u00ed a cel\u00fdm kontinentem. Znamen\u00e1 to potenci\u00e1ln\u011b rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed bod zlomu v geopolitick\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ei mezi \u010c\u00ednou a Z\u00e1padem \u2013 a Afrika je nyn\u00ed jasn\u011b na stran\u011b Pekingu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Multipol\u00e1rn\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00fd \u0159\u00e1d se formuje \u2013 s Afrikou a \u010c\u00ednou v harmonick\u00e9m souladu.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Od Arnauda Bertranda<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Zdroj<\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mo\u017en\u00e1 jsme pr\u00e1v\u011b byli sv\u011bdky nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edho diplomatick\u00e9ho p\u0159evratu 21. stolet\u00ed. V\u0161echny africk\u00e9 zem\u011b\u00a0\u2013 s v\u00fdjimkou…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":81188,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1271,30,295,365],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/81187"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=81187"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/81187\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/81188"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=81187"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=81187"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=81187"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}