{"id":80409,"date":"2025-06-04T00:22:49","date_gmt":"2025-06-03T22:22:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=80409"},"modified":"2025-06-03T13:39:59","modified_gmt":"2025-06-03T11:39:59","slug":"jiri-paroubek-monopoly-nam-diktuji-ceny-potravin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/06\/04\/jiri-paroubek-monopoly-nam-diktuji-ceny-potravin\/","title":{"rendered":"Ji\u0159\u00ed Paroubek: Monopoly n\u00e1m diktuj\u00ed ceny potravin"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

V posledn\u00edch t\u0159ech letech do\u0161lo v \u010cesku v souhrnu v\u0161ech t\u0159\u00ed let (2022, 2023 a 2024) k n\u00e1r\u016fstu cen z\u00e1kladn\u00edch druh\u016f potravin (ale tak\u00e9 nepotravin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho zbo\u017e\u00ed) p\u0159es 30 %. Toto \u010d\u00edslo se u potravin sp\u00ed\u0161 bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed k jedn\u00e9 t\u0159etin\u011b. Takhle vysok\u00e1 inflace je opravdu nehor\u00e1zn\u00e1 a v d\u011bjin\u00e1ch \u010ceska, anebo \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e9 republiky m\u00e1lokdy zaznamenan\u00e1.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b, \u017ee r\u016fst inflace nebyl v posledn\u00edch t\u0159ech\u00a0 letech prov\u00e1zen r\u016fstem mezd a d\u016fchod\u016f tak, aby kompenzoval cel\u00fd cenov\u00fd n\u00e1r\u016fst spot\u0159ebitelsk\u00fdch cen. Tak\u017ee v\u00fdsledek je jasn\u00fd, poklesla \u017eivotn\u00ed \u00farove\u0148 \u0161irok\u00fdch vrstev \u010desk\u00e9ho obyvatelstva. S\u00a0v\u00fdjimkou nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjmov\u00e9 skupiny \u010desk\u00e9ho obyvatelstva, kterou bych odhadl zhruba na jednu desetinu, v\u0161ichni ostatn\u00ed mus\u00ed v\u00edcem\u00e9n\u011b po\u010d\u00edtat, jak vyj\u00edt se sv\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edjmy. N\u011bkdo v\u00edc, n\u011bkdo m\u00e9n\u011b, ale 90 % lid\u00ed to mus\u00ed d\u011blat.<\/p>\n

Jak\u00e9 jsou p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny toho a pro\u010d k\u00a0tomu vlastn\u011b do\u0161lo?<\/p>\n

Pokud jde o ceny potravin, do\u0161lo k\u00a0n\u00e1r\u016fstu cen zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch produkt\u016f, a to celosv\u011btov\u011b s pochopiteln\u00fdm dopadem na ceny dom\u00e1c\u00ed produkce. Krom\u011b toho, do\u0161lo k\u00a0n\u00e1r\u016fstu cen energi\u00ed a pohonn\u00fdch hmot. K\u00a0tomuto n\u00e1r\u016fstu do\u0161lo p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v\u00a0dob\u011b v\u00e1lky na Ukrajin\u011b, do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry v\u00a0d\u016fsledku sankc\u00ed uvalen\u00fdch na Rusko, kter\u00e9 se v\u0161ak prom\u00edtly r\u016fznou m\u011brou v ekonomice prakticky v\u0161ech evropsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed.<\/p>\n

No, a pokud se zvy\u0161uj\u00ed ceny pohonn\u00fdch hmot, znamen\u00e1 to z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e pro zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 podniky, distributory potravin i obchodn\u00edky. V\u0161em rostou n\u00e1klady, v\u010detn\u011b dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed. Je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce ov\u0161em rostly ceny v\u00a0oblasti energi\u00ed. M\u00e1m na mysli p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm ceny elektrick\u00e9 energie (i tepla), kter\u00e9 jsou u n\u00e1s vysok\u00e9, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm d\u00edky prodeji elekt\u0159iny prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm Lipsk\u00e9 energetick\u00e9 burzy. Ta nakupuje pom\u011brn\u011b levn\u011b od \u010desk\u00fdch v\u00fdrobc\u016f a prod\u00e1v\u00e1 elekt\u0159inu \u010desk\u00fdm distributor\u016fm energi\u00ed dr\u00e1\u017ee. Vlastn\u011b neexistuje ochota t\u0159eba antimonopoln\u00edho \u00fa\u0159adu a vl\u00e1dy se touto z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed zab\u00fdvat. P\u0159itom v\u00fdrobci elektrick\u00e9 energie jsou u n\u00e1s ve zdrcuj\u00edc\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b oligopoly a stejn\u011b tak oligopoln\u011b se chov\u00e1 Lipsk\u00e1 burza, kter\u00e9 jsou na\u0161i v\u00fdrobci smluvn\u011b zav\u00e1z\u00e1ni svou produkci prod\u00e1vat. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b existuje zde ur\u010dit\u00fd prostor k\u00a0tomu, aby se postupn\u011b v\u00edce prosazovali mal\u00ed v\u00fdrobci elektrick\u00e9 energie, v\u010detn\u011b obc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 mohou vyr\u00e1b\u011bt a prod\u00e1vat elekt\u0159inu nap\u0159. sv\u00fdm ob\u010dan\u016fm levn\u011bji ne\u017eli velk\u00e9 oligopoln\u00ed energetick\u00e9 firmy. Ale to je zat\u00edm kapka v\u00a0mo\u0159i.<\/p>\n

V oblasti obchodu s\u00a0potravin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdm zbo\u017e\u00edm existuje obrovsk\u00e1 koncentrace prodeje potravin v\u00a0rukou p\u011bti nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch obchodn\u00edch \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f, kter\u00e9 nakupuj\u00ed levn\u011b, prod\u00e1vaj\u00ed co nejdr\u00e1\u017ee a zisky vyv\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed na \u00fa\u010dty sv\u00fdch zahrani\u010dn\u00edch majitel\u016f. Pro zaj\u00edmavost, p\u011bt nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch obchodn\u00edch \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f se zahrani\u010dn\u00edmi majiteli ovl\u00e1d\u00e1 v\u00a0\u010cesku 85 % trhu potravin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdm zbo\u017e\u00edm.<\/p>\n

A \u00daOHS, tedy antimonopoln\u00ed \u00fa\u0159ad, to v\u016fbec nevzru\u0161uje. P\u0159i opakovan\u00fdch kontrol\u00e1ch zda nedo\u0161lo ke kartelov\u00fdm dohod\u00e1m mezi nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edmi obchodn\u00edmi \u0159et\u011bzci, \u00daOHS stereotypn\u011b odpov\u00edd\u00e1, \u017ee nikoliv. Prost\u011b jen se necht\u011bj\u00ed do cel\u00e9ho komplexu probl\u00e9m\u016f s t\u00edm spojen\u00fdch pou\u0161t\u011bt a de facto respektuj\u00ed pozici oligopol\u016f s\u00a0nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed tr\u017en\u00ed silou. P\u0159itom by nebylo nic slo\u017eit\u00e9ho, kdyby \u00daOHS u v\u0161ech obchodn\u00edch \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f, kter\u00e9 v\u00a0tomto st\u00e1t\u011b jsou \u2013 a je jich kolem des\u00edtky\u00a0 (z\u00a0toho 5 rozhoduj\u00edc\u00edch) – zavedl denn\u00ed sledov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdvoje n\u00e1kupn\u00edch cen u 50 a\u017e 60 druh\u016f zbo\u017e\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pot\u0159eby s\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee by ukazoval tak\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161i prodejn\u00edch cen. A tedy ukazoval by v\u00fd\u0161i dosa\u017een\u00e9ho obchodn\u00edho rozp\u011bt\u00ed. Takovou tabulku jsem je\u0161t\u011b u n\u00e1s nikdy nevid\u011bl, byla by ale nesm\u00edrn\u011b zaj\u00edmav\u00e1. \u010ce\u0161t\u00ed zem\u011bd\u011blci v\u011bd\u00ed, za kolik sv\u00e9 produkty prod\u00e1vaj\u00ed a jist\u011b sleduj\u00ed, za kolik jsou prod\u00e1v\u00e1ny v\u00a0\u0159et\u011bzc\u00edch. A tedy, kolik v\u00fdnos\u016f a zisku \u0159et\u011bzc\u016fm vyd\u011bl\u00e1vaj\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Svou roli u cen z\u00e1kladn\u00edch druh\u016f potravin hraje tak\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161e sazby DPH, kter\u00e1 u n\u00e1s dosahuje 12 %. V\u00a0N\u011bmecku a na Slovensku je to 5 a\u017e 7 %. Tzn., \u017ee st\u00e1t si tak u n\u00e1s odeb\u00edr\u00e1 z\u00a0ka\u017ed\u00e9ho prodeje potravin svou \u201elibru masa\u201c.<\/p>\n

Tak\u017ee \u010desk\u00fd st\u00e1t je nejen pasivn\u00ed a p\u0159ihl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed k\u00a0oligopoln\u00edmu chov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm obchodn\u00edch \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f, ale s\u00e1m tak\u00e9 r\u016fst cen potravin je\u0161t\u011b d\u00e1le stimuluje.<\/p>\n

\u010ce\u0161i maj\u00ed mo\u017enost v\u00a0\u0159\u00edjnov\u00fdch volb\u00e1ch do sn\u011bmovny volit strany, kter\u00e9 p\u0159ijdou s\u00a0re\u00e1ln\u00fdmi programov\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edsliby toho, jak se budou sna\u017eit dr\u017eet ceny potravin a obchodn\u00ed politiku \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f, ale tak\u00e9 v\u00fdrobc\u016f a distributor\u016f energi\u00ed na uzd\u011b. A m\u011bli by zapomenout na sladk\u00e9 sliby stran, kter\u00e9 pro rozumn\u00e9 ceny potravin a dal\u0161\u00edho zbo\u017e\u00ed za posledn\u00ed 4 roky v\u016fbec nic neud\u011blaly.<\/p>\n

Ji\u0159\u00ed Paroubek<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V posledn\u00edch t\u0159ech letech do\u0161lo v \u010cesku v souhrnu v\u0161ech t\u0159\u00ed let (2022, 2023 a…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":15076,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6],"tags":[1907,1503,9257,750],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/80409"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=80409"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/80409\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15076"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=80409"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=80409"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=80409"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}