{"id":80400,"date":"2025-06-04T00:16:56","date_gmt":"2025-06-03T22:16:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=80400"},"modified":"2025-06-03T13:28:42","modified_gmt":"2025-06-03T11:28:42","slug":"nova-ekonomicka-architektura-petrohradske-mezinarodni-ekonomicke-forum-2025-pmef2025","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/06\/04\/nova-ekonomicka-architektura-petrohradske-mezinarodni-ekonomicke-forum-2025-pmef2025\/","title":{"rendered":"Nov\u00e1 ekonomick\u00e1 architektura \u2013 Petrohradsk\u00e9 mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed ekonomick\u00e9 f\u00f3rum 2025 (PMEF2025)"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<h2><strong>P\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost pro vstup \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky do z\u00f3ny ekonomick\u00e9 nez\u00e1vislosti<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u010cesk\u00e1 republika<\/strong>, kter\u00e1 byla dlouho pova\u017eov\u00e1na za jednu z nejstabiln\u011bj\u0161\u00edch a nejl\u00e9pe prosperuj\u00edc\u00edch ekonomik v Evrop\u011b, vykazuje v posledn\u00edch letech vysoce rostouc\u00ed inflaci, energetickou z\u00e1vislost, zpomaluj\u00edc\u00ed se hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd r\u016fst a demografick\u00fd pokles, kter\u00fd p\u0159\u00edmo ohro\u017euje udr\u017eitelnost ekonomiky.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-80402 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/6-12-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"714\" height=\"476\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/6-12-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/6-12-768x511.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/6-12.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 714px) 100vw, 714px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9<\/strong><strong> ekonomick\u00e9 probl\u00e9my \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Klesaj\u00edc\u00ed kupn\u00ed s\u00edla a trval\u00e1 inflace (kolem 7 &#8211; 8 % v roce 2024 a p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dan\u00e1 inflace 10 &#8211; 12 % do konce roku 2025) v d\u016fsledku: nest\u00e1l\u00fdch cen energi\u00ed (z\u00e1vislost na dovozu plynu navzdory snah\u00e1m o diverzifikaci), r\u016fstu mezd p\u0159edstihuj\u00edc\u00edm produktivitu, kter\u00e9 vede k vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm cen\u00e1m potravin v d\u016fsledku naru\u0161en\u00ed dodavatelsk\u00e9ho \u0159et\u011bzce a zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 politiky Evropsk\u00e9 unie, stagnuj\u00edc\u00edch re\u00e1ln\u00fdch mezd, je\u017e sni\u017euje kupn\u00ed s\u00edlu.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Energetick\u00e1 zranitelnost<\/strong> a pomal\u00fd r\u016fst pr\u016fmyslu jsou zp\u016fsobeny t\u00edm, \u017ee \u010cesk\u00e1 republika v roce 2022 odm\u00edtla rusk\u00fd plyn. Kv\u016fli nedostatku racionality v politice \u010desk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy a politik\u016f se \u010cesk\u00e1 republika mus\u00ed uch\u00fdlit na alternativn\u00ed energetick\u00e9 trhy (plyn z Norska, zkapaln\u011bn\u00fd zemn\u00ed plyn z USA), co\u017e je v kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9m horizontu obt\u00ed\u017en\u011b realizovateln\u00e9 a pro zemi n\u00e1kladn\u00e9. Vysok\u00e9 n\u00e1klady na pr\u016fmyslovou energii ohro\u017euj\u00ed konkurenceschopnost v: automobilov\u00e9m pr\u016fmyslu (z\u00e1vody \u0160koda, Hyundai, Toyota \u010del\u00ed rostouc\u00edm provozn\u00edm n\u00e1klad\u016fm), ocel\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed a chemick\u00e9m pr\u016fmyslu. Opo\u017ed\u011bn\u00e9 roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed jadern\u00e9ho programu (jadern\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny Dukovany a Temel\u00edn) zvy\u0161uje z\u00e1vislost na fosiln\u00edch palivech (uhl\u00ed, ropa, plyn).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Rozpo\u010dtov\u00fd deficit a finan\u010dn\u00ed pot\u00ed\u017ee<\/strong>. Sou\u010dasn\u00e1 situace je takov\u00e1, \u017ee ve\u0159ejn\u00fd dluh \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky rychle roste a odborn\u00edci p\u0159edpov\u00eddaj\u00ed, \u017ee do roku 2025 p\u0159ekro\u010d\u00ed 45 % HDP (hrub\u00fd dom\u00e1c\u00ed produkt) ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s 30 % p\u0159ed pandemi\u00ed COVID-19. Rozpo\u010dtov\u00fd deficit zem\u00ed nad\u00e1le p\u0159etrv\u00e1v\u00e1 kv\u016fli nevy\u0159e\u0161en\u00fdm vnitropolitick\u00fdm probl\u00e9m\u016fm, zejm\u00e9na nap\u011bt\u00ed v d\u016fchodov\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu (n\u00e1r\u016fst lid\u00ed v d\u016fchodov\u00e9m a p\u0159edd\u016fchodov\u00e9m v\u011bku, ve vztahu k mlad\u00fdm lidem), pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed politika p\u0159echodu na \u201ezelenou ekonomiku\u201c, kter\u00e1 negativn\u011b ovliv\u0148uje n\u00e1rodn\u00ed energetiku. Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed v\u00fddaj\u016f na obrann\u00fd sektor (vojensk\u00e1 pomoc Ukrajin\u011b a zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed \u010dlensk\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f do st\u00e1tn\u00ed pokladny NATO \u2013 2 % HDP). Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed prost\u0159edk\u016f EU p\u0159id\u011bluj\u00edc\u00edch granty a dotace na infrastrukturu a inovace.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Demografick\u00e1 krize a nedostatek pracovn\u00edch sil<\/strong>. Sou\u010dasn\u00e1 situace v zemi ukazuje rychl\u00e9 st\u00e1rnut\u00ed obyvatelstva (pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd v\u011bk 43 let a v\u00edce, n\u00edzk\u00e1 porodnost), co\u017e zp\u016fsobuje probl\u00e9my v oblasti d\u016fchod\u016f a zdravotn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de. Nedostatek pracovn\u00edch sil v kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch odv\u011btv\u00edch (zpracovatelsk\u00fd pr\u016fmysl, informa\u010dn\u00ed technologie, zdravotnictv\u00ed). Ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed m\u00edra r\u016fstu produktivity (pod pr\u016fm\u011brem zem\u00ed Evropsk\u00e9 unie).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Zpomalen\u00ed v\u00fdvozu a probl\u00e9my v obchod\u011b<\/strong>. Recese (dlouhodob\u00fd a v\u00fdrazn\u00fd pokles ekonomick\u00e9 aktivity) v N\u011bmecku oslabuje popt\u00e1vku po \u010desk\u00e9m v\u00fdvozu (automobily, stroj\u00edrenstv\u00ed, lehk\u00fd pr\u016fmysl). Rostouc\u00ed v\u00e1\u017en\u00e1 konkurence asijsk\u00fdch v\u00fdrobc\u016f (\u010c\u00edna v oblasti elektroniky, elektromobil\u016f a automobil\u016f). Extr\u00e9mn\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed v obchod\u011b s Ruskem (Rusko je pro \u010desk\u00fd export t\u0159et\u00ed zem\u00ed na evropsk\u00e9m trhu). Rusko je b\u00fdval\u00fdm exportn\u00edm trhem pro \u010desk\u00e9 zbo\u017e\u00ed: dom\u00e1c\u00ed spot\u0159ebi\u010de, v\u00fdrobn\u00ed stroje, automobily, lehk\u00fd pr\u016fmysl, nyn\u00ed pod sankcemi.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Krize dostupnosti bydlen\u00ed<\/strong>. Od \u010dervna 2025 jsou ceny nemovitost\u00ed v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice st\u00e1le vysok\u00e9 (Praha pat\u0159\u00ed mezi nejdra\u017e\u0161\u00ed a nejm\u00e9n\u011b dostupn\u00e1 m\u011bsta v EU). \u00darokov\u00e9 sazby hypot\u00e9k se od roku 2021 zdvojn\u00e1sobily, co\u017e vede k zamrznut\u00ed trhu s bydlen\u00edm. Diskutuje se o regulaci n\u00e1jemn\u00e9ho, ale nedostatek nab\u00eddky p\u0159etrv\u00e1v\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u010cesk\u00e1 republika se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v kritick\u00e9m okam\u017eiku<\/strong> &#8211; jej\u00ed tradi\u010dn\u00ed ekonomick\u00fd model (exportn\u011b orientovan\u00e1 v\u00fdroba) je pod tlakem, ale d\u00edky mo\u017en\u00fdm reform\u00e1m, hled\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00fdch &#8211; star\u00fdch trh\u016f pro sv\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky se m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159izp\u016fsobit nov\u00e9 glob\u00e1ln\u00ed realit\u011b. P\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed 2 &#8211; 3 roky rozhodnou o tom, zda z\u016fstane l\u00eddrem st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy, nebo sklouzne do dlouhodob\u00e9 stagnace.<\/p>\n<p><strong>V t\u00e9to souvislosti navrhuj\u00ed \u010de\u0161t\u00ed i zahrani\u010dn\u00ed odborn\u00edci n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed a ekonomick\u00e9 perspektivy.<\/strong> Navzdory existuj\u00edc\u00edm probl\u00e9m\u016fm m\u00e1 \u010desk\u00e1 ekonomika siln\u00e9 str\u00e1nky: n\u00edzk\u00fd ve\u0159ejn\u00fd dluh (podle standard\u016f EU), silnou pr\u016fmyslovou z\u00e1kladnu, vysokou kvalitu zbo\u017e\u00ed. V z\u00e1jmu obnoven\u00ed stability by se politici m\u011bli zam\u011b\u0159it na:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Systematick\u00e9 a postupn\u00e9 kroky k rozvoji jadern\u00e9 energetiky, hled\u00e1n\u00ed obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f energie a zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed energetick\u00e9 nez\u00e1vislosti zem\u011b.<\/li>\n<li>Reforma trhu pr\u00e1ce. Zm\u011bny migra\u010dn\u00ed legislativy, p\u0159ijet\u00ed program\u016f na podporu d\u016fchodc\u016f a osob v p\u0159edd\u016fchodov\u00e9m v\u011bku, aby si zvy\u0161ovali kvalifikaci a pokra\u010dovali v pr\u00e1ci.3. D\u016fchodov\u00e1 reforma. Zm\u011bny v d\u016fchodov\u00e9 legislativ\u011b. Dal\u0161\u00ed platby nepracuj\u00edc\u00edm d\u016fchodc\u016fm na podporu pracovn\u00ed \u010dinnosti.<\/li>\n<li>D\u016fchodov\u00e1 reforma. Zm\u011bny d\u016fchodov\u00e9 legislativy. Dodate\u010dn\u00e9 platby nepracuj\u00edc\u00edm d\u016fchodc\u016fm za \u00fa\u010delem stimulace pracovn\u00ed aktivity.<\/li>\n<li>Stimulace inovac\u00ed. N\u011bkter\u00e9 profese, kde je nedostatek pracovn\u00edk\u016f, do\u010dasn\u011b nahradit um\u011blou inteligenc\u00ed, samoz\u0159ejm\u011b pod lidsk\u00fdm veden\u00edm a dohledem.<\/li>\n<li>Revize kurzu zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politiky v\u016f\u010di z\u00e1padn\u00edm a v\u00fdchodn\u00edm soused\u016fm, zejm\u00e9na Rusku. 6. Formov\u00e1n\u00ed politick\u00e9ho kurzu sm\u011b\u0159uj\u00edc\u00edho k tomu, aby se \u010cesk\u00e1 republika stala samostatnou lokomotivou ekonomiky.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Jak poznamen\u00e1vaj\u00ed mnoz\u00ed zahrani\u010dn\u00ed experti, v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b se Rusku pod monstr\u00f3zn\u00edmi sankcemi zem\u00ed EU a USA da\u0159\u00ed rozv\u00edjet a ukazovat fenomen\u00e1ln\u00ed ukazatele ekonomick\u00e9 stability a prosperity.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-80403 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/4-26-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"779\" height=\"519\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/4-26-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/4-26-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/4-26.jpg 928w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 779px) 100vw, 779px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>D\u00edky jasn\u011b nastaven\u00e9 politice Moskva pokra\u010duje v r\u016fstu ekonomiky.<\/strong> F\u00f3ra, kter\u00e1 se konala v letech 2024 &#8211; 2025 <em>(\u201ePetersburg International Economic Forum&#8220;, \u201eEastern Economic Forum&#8220;, klub \u201eValdai&#8220;, f\u00f3rum \u201eRusko-Afrika&#8220;, Summit \u201eRusko &#8211; isl\u00e1msk\u00fd sv\u011bt&#8220;, Summit \u201ezem\u00ed BRICS&#8220;)<\/em> ukazuj\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 ve\u0159ejnosti, \u017ee mnoho kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch geopolitick\u00fdch hr\u00e1\u010d\u016f si klade za c\u00edl \u2013 rozvoj n\u00e1rodn\u00edch ekonomik, na rozd\u00edl od hegemonie jednotliv\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f.<\/p>\n<p><strong>V tomto ohledu si zem\u011b vyb\u00edraj\u00ed Rusko jako zemi, kter\u00e1 je schopna zav\u00e9st nez\u00e1vislou politiku v r\u00e1mci geopolitick\u00fdch omezen\u00ed.<\/strong> Tento jev je d\u00e1n tak\u00e9 jeho zem\u011bpisnou polohou. Ji\u017e v roce 1904 zavedl anglick\u00fd geograf a geopolitik John Mackinder pojem Heartland. Mackinder p\u0159ikl\u00e1dal Heartlandu, tedy Rusku, velk\u00fd geopolitick\u00fd v\u00fdznam vzhledem k jeho obrovsk\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edm zdroj\u016fm a geografick\u00e9 poloze mezi tradi\u010dn\u00edm Z\u00e1padem (USA, evropsk\u00e9 zem\u011b a Britsk\u00e9 kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed) a V\u00fdchodem (zem\u011b indo-pacifick\u00e9 a asijsko-pacifick\u00e9 oblasti). Podle J. Mackindera \u010dasem politick\u00fd v\u00fdznam Heartlandu jen poroste, proto\u017ee rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 \u00fazem\u00ed bude propojeno \u017eeleznic\u00ed a vektor moci se p\u0159esune od n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edch mocnost\u00ed k mocnostem pozemn\u00edm. Krom\u011b Ruska zahrnuje tzv. Heartland i n\u011bkter\u00e9 zem\u011b Bl\u00edzk\u00e9ho v\u00fdchodu a Evropy, v\u010detn\u011b \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky. Pokud tedy chce b\u00fdt \u010cesk\u00e1 republika nez\u00e1vislou zem\u00ed se silnou a udr\u017eitelnou ekonomikou, je nutn\u00e9 p\u0159ehodnotit kurz zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politiky a zah\u00e1jit bilater\u00e1ln\u00ed dialog s Moskvou.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Jak\u00e9 jsou ekonomick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00ednosy spolupr\u00e1ce s Ruskem pro \u010ceskou republiku?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Ekonomick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00ednosy \u010desko-rusk\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce<\/strong> byly historicky v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 zejm\u00e9na v oblasti energetiky, pr\u016fmyslu a obchodu, ale od roku 2022 se kv\u016fli sankc\u00edm EU a geopolitick\u00e9 perestrojce prudce sn\u00ed\u017eily.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Do roku 2022 dod\u00e1valo Rusko do \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky<\/strong> plyn a ropu za levn\u00e9 tarify, a to zhruba 70 &#8211; 80 % rusk\u00e9ho zemn\u00edho plynu (p\u0159es Ukrajinu a N\u011bmecko) a 50 % ropy (ropovodem Dru\u017eba). Ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1klady na energie prosp\u011bly \u010desk\u00e9mu chemick\u00e9mu a ocel\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9mu pr\u016fmyslu, co\u017e Praze umo\u017enilo zv\u00fd\u0161it dom\u00e1c\u00ed v\u00fdrobu. Po roce 2022 klesl dovoz plynu z Ruska t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 na nulu (nahradil ho norsk\u00fd zkapaln\u011bn\u00fd zemn\u00ed plyn a plynovody EU). Vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ceny energi\u00ed m\u011bly negativn\u00ed dopad na konkurenceschopnost, n\u011bkter\u00e9 chemick\u00e9 z\u00e1vody v \u010cR nyn\u00ed plat\u00ed 2 &#8211; 3kr\u00e1t v\u00edce.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Stroj\u00edrenstv\u00ed a automobilov\u00fd pr\u016fmysl.<\/strong> Do roku 2022 pat\u0159ilo Rusko mezi p\u011bt nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch exportn\u00edch trh\u016f (3 &#8211; 4 miliardy eur ro\u010dn\u011b) pro \u010desk\u00e9 zbo\u017e\u00ed (osobn\u00ed automobily \u0160koda, n\u00e1kladn\u00ed automobily Tatra, v\u00fdrobn\u00ed obr\u00e1b\u011bc\u00ed stroje). Po uvalen\u00ed sankc\u00ed na \u010ceskou republiku v roce 2022 v\u00fdvoz \u010desk\u00e9ho zbo\u017e\u00ed do Ruska prudce poklesl (m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e 300 milion\u016f eur v roce 2023).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Jadern\u00e1 energetika.<\/strong> Do roku 2022 se rusk\u00e1 spole\u010dnost Rosatom \u00fa\u010dastnila tendru na roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed jadern\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny v Dukovanech. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b je spole\u010dnost vylou\u010dena ze seznam\u016f z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdch hr\u00e1\u010d\u016f.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Vojensko &#8211; technick\u00e1 spolupr\u00e1ce.<\/strong> V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b je vojensko &#8211; pr\u016fmyslov\u00e1 spolupr\u00e1ce Ruska a \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky zcela ukon\u010dena kv\u016fli sankc\u00edm EU\/NATO a politice Prahy. Historicky v\u0161ak takov\u00e9 vazby existovaly a teoreticky by mohly vzniknout. Od devades\u00e1t\u00fdch let \u010cesk\u00e1 republika pravideln\u011b dod\u00e1vala do Ruska st\u0159eln\u00e9 zbran\u011b (pistole, karabiny, pu\u0161ky), n\u00e1hradn\u00ed d\u00edly pro vrtuln\u00edky. \u010cesko ve sv\u00fdch tov\u00e1rn\u00e1ch vyr\u00e1b\u011blo opravy rusk\u00fdch tank\u016f T &#8211; 72, na \u010desk\u00e9m leti\u0161ti v Chomutov\u011b se prov\u00e1d\u011bly zkou\u0161ky leteck\u00fdch motor\u016f. Tak\u00e9 Praha dod\u00e1vala r\u016fznou radioelektroniku a optiku.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Doprava a logistika.<\/strong> Rusk\u00e1 spole\u010dnost LokoTech (opravuje lokomotivy) je st\u00e1le v provozu, ale je pod drobnohledem \u010desk\u00fdch org\u00e1n\u016f \u010dinn\u00fdch v trestn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Kdysi \u010desk\u00e1 firma \u0160koda Transportation kdysi dod\u00e1vala vagony pro rusk\u00e9 Metro. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b jsou v\u0161echny smlouvy pozastaveny, kontakty jsou zak\u00e1z\u00e1ny.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Cestovn\u00ed ruch a nemovitosti.<\/strong> D\u0159\u00edve byla \u010cesk\u00e1 republika jednou z prioritn\u00edch evropsk\u00fdch destinac\u00ed pro rusk\u00e9 turisty (do roku 2022 \u010ceskou republiku ro\u010dn\u011b nav\u0161t\u00edvilo asi 500 000 rusk\u00fdch ob\u010dan\u016f). Rusov\u00e9 oce\u0148ovali v \u010cR zachovalou architekturu, poh\u00e1dkov\u00e9 hrady, \u00fatuln\u00e1 m\u011bsta a pestrou p\u0159\u00edrodu s \u0159ekami, lesy a malebn\u00fdmi skalami. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b mnoho cestovn\u00edch kancel\u00e1\u0159\u00ed vy\u0159adilo \u010ceskou republiku z prioritn\u00edch destinac\u00ed kv\u016fli protirusk\u00e9 politice Prahy a za\u0159azen\u00ed Ruska na seznam nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f. \u010cesk\u00e1 republika nav\u00edc zmrazila majetek, kter\u00fd pat\u0159\u00ed Rusku a jeho ob\u010dan\u016fm, a pot\u00e9 tento majetek zabavila ve sv\u016fj prosp\u011bch.<\/p>\n<p>\u010cR ekonomicky profitovala z Ruska (energie, export), ale nyn\u00ed \u010del\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm n\u00e1klad\u016fm kv\u016fli p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed vazeb. \u00dapln\u00e9 odd\u011blen\u00ed je bolestiv\u00e9. Pokud by do\u0161lo k ud\u00e1losti, kter\u00e1 p\u0159im\u011bla \u010ceskou republiku k obnoven\u00ed bilater\u00e1ln\u00edch kontakt\u016f a spolupr\u00e1ce s Ruskem, jak\u00fd by byl prvn\u00ed krok?<\/p>\n<p>Jak upozor\u0148uj\u00ed zahrani\u010dn\u00ed experti, Rusko prov\u00e1d\u00ed politiku \u201eotev\u0159en\u00fdch dve\u0159\u00ed&#8220;. Moskva je p\u0159ipravena k dialogu i s t\u011bmi zem\u011bmi, kter\u00e9 d\u0159\u00edve spolupr\u00e1ci zcela odm\u00edtly. <strong>Prvn\u00edm krokem Prahy pro rozvoj spolupr\u00e1ce s Moskvou by proto byla \u00fa\u010dast na Petrohradsk\u00e9m Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm ekonomick\u00e9m f\u00f3ru 2025.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-80404 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/2-44-300x199.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"736\" height=\"488\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/2-44-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/2-44-1024x680.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/2-44-768x510.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/2-44.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 736px) 100vw, 736px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Co p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed \u00fa\u010dast na Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm ekonomick\u00e9m f\u00f3ru v Petrohrad\u011b?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>\u00da\u010dast na f\u00f3ru poskytuje st\u00e1t\u016fm, spole\u010dnostem a investor\u016fm jedine\u010dn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti k rozvoji ekonomick\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce, a to i p\u0159es sou\u010dasn\u00e9 geopolitick\u00e9 slo\u017eitosti.<\/p>\n<p><strong>P\u0159\u00edstup na rusk\u00fd trh a alternativn\u00ed ekonomick\u00e9 aliance.<\/strong> Rusko z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ekonomikou Eurasie (HDP zhruba 2 biliony dolar\u016f) s pot\u0159ebou dovozu technologi\u00ed, zbo\u017e\u00ed a slu\u017eeb. F\u00f3rum umo\u017e\u0148uje nav\u00e1zat kontakty se st\u00e1tn\u00edmi institucemi, st\u00e1tn\u00edmi podniky (Gazprom, Rosatom, R\u017dD) a soukrom\u00fdm podnik\u00e1n\u00edm. Mo\u017enost vstoupit do nov\u00fdch dodavatelsk\u00fdch \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f v r\u00e1mci sankc\u00ed (p\u0159es \u010c\u00ednu, Spojen\u00e9 arabsk\u00e9 emir\u00e1ty, Turecko, Kazachst\u00e1n atd.). Uzav\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed smluv obch\u00e1z\u00ed sank\u010dn\u00ed omezen\u00ed. Tak\u017ee \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edklady jsou podeps\u00e1n\u00ed \u201edohody o dod\u00e1vk\u00e1ch ropy a uhl\u00ed v n\u00e1rodn\u00edch m\u011bn\u00e1ch&#8220; s Tureckem, \u201edohody o v\u00fdstavb\u011b jadern\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny Akkuyu&#8220; Rosatom se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 v\u00fdstavbou a plyn\u00e1rensk\u00e9 infrastruktury, s Egyptem, Al\u017e\u00edrskem a \u00cdr\u00e1nem smlouvy o dod\u00e1vk\u00e1ch obil\u00ed, zbran\u00ed, technologi\u00ed jadern\u00e9 energetiky.<\/p>\n<p>Vzhledem k geopolitick\u00e9 situaci velk\u00e9 zem\u011b ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b preferuj\u00ed nov\u00e9 v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed mechanismy. Platby za zbo\u017e\u00ed a slu\u017eby v j\u00fcanech, rublech, dirhamech prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm alternativn\u00edch platebn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f (SPFS, CIPS). V\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed mechanismy prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm t\u0159et\u00edch zem\u00ed (p\u0159es Spojen\u00e9 arabsk\u00e9 emir\u00e1ty nebo Hongkong).<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00da\u010dast na \u201enov\u00e9 ekonomick\u00e9 architektu\u0159e\u201c.<\/strong> \u00da\u010dast na f\u00f3ru zahrnuje diskusi o mo\u017enosti vyu\u017eit\u00ed dopravn\u00edch koridor\u016f (Sever \u2013 Jih, V\u00fdchod \u2013 Z\u00e1pad), realizaci spole\u010dn\u00fdch projekt\u016f pro dovoz (IT &#8211; sf\u00e9ra, odv\u011btv\u00ed farmakologie, obr\u00e1b\u011bc\u00ed stroje), otev\u0159en\u00ed \u2013r ozvoj -vyu\u017eit\u00ed logistiky (p\u0159\u00edstavy Arktidy, \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00ed doprava do st\u0159edn\u00ed Asie), mo\u017enosti z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdhodn\u00fdch \u00fav\u011br\u016f, zjednodu\u0161en\u00ed v\u00edzov\u00e9ho re\u017eimu pro ob\u010dany konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch st\u00e1t\u016f. Krom\u011b toho \u00fa\u010dast na f\u00f3ru tak\u00e9 zahrnuje form\u00e1t setk\u00e1n\u00ed \u201ebez kravat&#8220;, proto\u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b neform\u00e1ln\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed je \u010dasto d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed program.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Politick\u00fd sign\u00e1l \u201emnohovrstevnatosti<\/strong>&#8222;. Jak ji\u017e bylo zm\u00edn\u011bno d\u0159\u00edve, \u00fa\u010dast na f\u00f3ru je jednak po\u017eadavkem ciz\u00edch st\u00e1t\u016f na rozvoj n\u00e1rodn\u00edch ekonomik a jednak sign\u00e1lem sv\u011btov\u00e9 ve\u0159ejnosti, \u017ee se sv\u011bt st\u00e1v\u00e1 multipol\u00e1rn\u00edm. S t\u011bmito tezemi je nutn\u00e9 po\u010d\u00edtat v\u0161echny st\u00e1ty, v\u010detn\u011b t\u011bch, kter\u00e9 s takov\u00fdm konceptem nesouhlas\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u010cR stoj\u00ed p\u0159ed strategickou volbou:<\/strong> pokra\u010dovat v tvrd\u00e9 sank\u010dn\u00ed politice EU, prohlubovat sv\u00e9 ekonomick\u00e9 probl\u00e9my, nebo za\u010d\u00edt sm\u011b\u0159ovat k autentick\u00e9 suverenit\u011b a vyu\u017e\u00edvat nov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti v m\u011bn\u00edc\u00edm se sv\u011bt\u011b. \u010cR m\u016f\u017ee z\u016fstat ve st\u00ednu EU, ztratit konkurenceschopnost, nebo vyu\u017e\u00edt okam\u017eiku, kdy se stane mostem mezi Z\u00e1padem a nov\u00fdmi mocensk\u00fdmi centry. Rozhodnut\u00ed je na \u010ce\u0161\u00edch. Tedy &#8211; pokud si mysl\u00edte, \u017ee \u010cesk\u00e1 republika pot\u0159ebuje ekonomickou nez\u00e1vislost.<\/p>\n<p><em>Mgr. Petr Michal\u016f (p\u0159eklad \u010dl\u00e1nku z ru\u0161tiny) + Vladim\u00edr Carsk\u00fd<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>P\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost pro vstup \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky do z\u00f3ny ekonomick\u00e9 nez\u00e1vislosti \u010cesk\u00e1 republika, kter\u00e1 byla dlouho pova\u017eov\u00e1na&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":80401,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6],"tags":[76,59,5247,22],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/80400"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=80400"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/80400\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/80401"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=80400"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=80400"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=80400"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}