{"id":80357,"date":"2025-06-03T05:06:14","date_gmt":"2025-06-03T03:06:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=80357"},"modified":"2025-06-03T05:06:14","modified_gmt":"2025-06-03T03:06:14","slug":"vedci-odhalili-ucel-zahadne-321-km-dlouhe-zdi-v-pousti-gobi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/06\/03\/vedci-odhalili-ucel-zahadne-321-km-dlouhe-zdi-v-pousti-gobi\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u011bdci odhalili \u00fa\u010del z\u00e1hadn\u00e9 321 km dlouh\u00e9 zdi v pou\u0161ti Gobi"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<p class=\"lead\"><strong>321 km dlouh\u00e1 ze\u010f v mongolsk\u00e9 pou\u0161ti Gobi, postaven\u00e1 mezi 11. a 13. stolet\u00edm n. l., nebyla jen obrann\u00fdm valem, ale tak\u00e9 komplexn\u00edm syst\u00e9mem pro \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed obchodu, migrace a dokonce i z\u00e1sobov\u00e1n\u00ed vodou, uv\u00e1d\u00ed studie skupiny v\u011bdc\u016f z Izraele, USA a Mongolska, publikovan\u00e1 v \u010dasopise\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-445X\/14\/5\/1087\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Land<\/a>\u00a0.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>\u201eTyto zdi nebyly jen pouh\u00fdmi bari\u00e9rami. Ve skute\u010dnosti byly aktivn\u00edmi n\u00e1stroji \u00fazemn\u00ed kontroly a hr\u00e1ly kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli v p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1rod\u016f, kter\u00e9 se sna\u017eily ovl\u00e1dnout pohrani\u010dn\u00ed oblasti,\u201c<span class=\"after-quote\">\u00a0\u2014 uv\u00e1d\u00ed publikace.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><span>Studie zjistila, \u017ee stavba se skl\u00e1dala nejen z hlin\u011bn\u00fdch val\u016f, ale zahrnovala tak\u00e9 pevnosti, str\u00e1\u017en\u00ed v\u011b\u017ee a kontroln\u00ed stanovi\u0161t\u011b. Samotn\u00e1 ze\u010f byla postavena z dusan\u00e9 hl\u00edny s d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fdm a kamenn\u00fdm opevn\u011bn\u00edm a pevnosti byly postaveny v bl\u00edzkosti vodn\u00edch zdroj\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em>\u201eRozlo\u017een\u00ed m\u00edstn\u00edch zdroj\u016f, jako je voda a d\u0159evo, bylo kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 pro ur\u010den\u00ed trasy stavby zdi. Dal\u0161\u00ed geografick\u00e9 faktory, v\u010detn\u011b um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed horsk\u00fdch pr\u016fsmyk\u016f a rozlo\u017een\u00ed p\u00edse\u010dn\u00fdch dun, byly strategicky vyu\u017eity ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnosti syst\u00e9mu zdi,\u201c<span class=\"after-quote\"> \u2013 usoudili v\u011bdci.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><span>Ze\u010f byla tak\u00e9 faktorem pos\u00edlen\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed moci.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em>\u201eRegulovala obchodn\u00ed toky, vyzna\u010dovala hranice a demonstrovala moc \u0159\u00ed\u0161e, \u010d\u00edm\u017e m\u011bla psychologick\u00fd vliv na nom\u00e1dy. Obchodn\u00ed karavany byly povoleny ur\u010dit\u00fdmi oblastmi, zat\u00edmco jin\u00e9 byly st\u0159e\u017eeny jako vojensk\u00e9 z\u00f3ny,\u201c<span class=\"after-quote\">\u00a0\u2013 p\u00ed\u0161\u00ed v\u011bdci.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><span>D\u00e1le se uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00fd (10.\u201313. stolet\u00ed n. l.) syst\u00e9m zd\u00ed se t\u00e1hne v d\u00e9lce p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 4 000 km rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdmi oblastmi v severn\u00ed \u010c\u00edn\u011b a Mongolsku a tak\u00e9 krat\u0161\u00edmi \u00faseky v Rusku. \u00dasek v Mongolsku o d\u00e9lce 321 km je v\u0161ak nejm\u00e9n\u011b prozkouman\u00fd. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b se ze\u010f dochovala v r\u016fzn\u00fdch v\u00fd\u0161k\u00e1ch, od t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u00farovn\u011b ter\u00e9nu a\u017e po 2,6 m, a jej\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159ka (v\u010detn\u011b trosek z opot\u0159eben\u00ed) se pohybuje mezi 2,5 a 3 m.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1185\" src=\"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/kuryr-podpis.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"84\" height=\"24\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>321 km dlouh\u00e1 ze\u010f v mongolsk\u00e9 pou\u0161ti Gobi, postaven\u00e1 mezi 11. a 13. stolet\u00edm n&#8230;.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":80358,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[9252,1561,5858,1331],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/80357"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=80357"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/80357\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/80358"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=80357"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=80357"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=80357"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}