{"id":80342,"date":"2025-06-03T04:21:11","date_gmt":"2025-06-03T02:21:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=80342"},"modified":"2025-06-03T04:21:11","modified_gmt":"2025-06-03T02:21:11","slug":"trumpova-vojenska-prehlidka-za-45-milionu-dolaru-narozeninova-podivana-nebo-neliberalni-uchopeni-moci","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/06\/03\/trumpova-vojenska-prehlidka-za-45-milionu-dolaru-narozeninova-podivana-nebo-neliberalni-uchopeni-moci\/","title":{"rendered":"Trumpova vojensk\u00e1 p\u0159ehl\u00eddka za 45 milion\u016f dolar\u016f: narozeninov\u00e1 pod\u00edvan\u00e1, nebo neliber\u00e1ln\u00ed uchopen\u00ed moci?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Trumpova nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed vojensk\u00e1 p\u0159ehl\u00eddka v \u010dervnu 2025, kter\u00e1 se shoduje s jeho 79. narozeninami, vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 debatu o erozi americk\u00e9 demokracie. Tato ud\u00e1lost, kter\u00e1 stoj\u00ed 45 milion\u016f dolar\u016f, zd\u016fraz\u0148uje p\u0159ehnan\u00e9 pravomoci v\u00fdkonn\u00e9 moci uprost\u0159ed upadaj\u00edc\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u011bkk\u00e9 moci. Je tak\u00e9 vyvrcholen\u00edm desetilet\u00ed, kdy ameri\u010dt\u00ed prezidenti m\u011bli dikt\u00e1torsk\u00e9 pravomoci \u2013 tentokr\u00e1t je v\u0161ak c\u00edsa\u0159 nah\u00fd.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Osobn\u00ed p\u0159ehl\u00eddka pro prezidentovu sebechv\u00e1lu, nov\u00e9 prezidentsk\u00e9 letadlo, kter\u00e9 bylo uprost\u0159ed obvin\u011bn\u00ed z korupce ozna\u010dov\u00e1no za \u201e\u00a0<\/span>l\u00e9taj\u00edc\u00ed pal\u00e1c<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u201c. Tohle nen\u00ed popis n\u011bjak\u00e9 diktatury \u201et\u0159et\u00edho sv\u011bta\u201c (jak se sou\u010d\u00e1st glob\u00e1ln\u00edho Jihu naz\u00fdvala b\u011bhem let studen\u00e9 v\u00e1lky). Tohle je Amerika.<\/span><\/p>\n

14. \u010dervna 2025 se v USA chystaj\u00ed uspo\u0159\u00e1dat velkolepou vojenskou p\u0159ehl\u00eddku ve Washingtonu, D.C., zd\u00e1nliv\u011b u p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti 250. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed americk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy. Datum se v\u0161ak shoduje se 79. narozeninami prezidenta Donalda Trumpa, co\u017e vyvolalo rozs\u00e1hlou kontroverzi a znovu rozpoutalo debaty o stavu americk\u00e9 demokracie. Tato pod\u00edvan\u00e1 s tis\u00edci voj\u00e1k\u016f, tanky a letadly by m\u011bla st\u00e1t a\u017e 45 milion\u016f dolar\u016f \u2013 \u010d\u00e1stka, kterou n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed pova\u017euj\u00ed za podhodnocenou vzhledem k\u00a0<\/span>nevypo\u010dten\u00fdm v\u00fddaj\u016fm<\/span><\/a>\u00a0. Je\u0161t\u011b znepokojiv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je, \u017ee tato ud\u00e1lost vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 hlub\u0161\u00ed ot\u00e1zku: sklouz\u00e1vaj\u00ed USA, dlouho samozvan\u00e9 maj\u00e1ky demokracie, do neliber\u00e1ln\u00edho syst\u00e9mu, a t\u00edm podkop\u00e1vaj\u00ed svou glob\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u011bkkou s\u00edlu?<\/span><\/p>\n

Tvrdou pravdou je, \u017ee USA ji\u017e po cel\u00e1 desetilet\u00ed funguj\u00ed jako demokracie pouze podle jm\u00e9na, co\u017e je trend, kter\u00fd se je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce zv\u00fdraznil po \u00fatoc\u00edch z 11. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2001. \u00c9ra po 11. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed byla sv\u011bdkem roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed prezidentsk\u00fdch superpravomoc\u00ed, kdy se normalizovala opat\u0159en\u00ed, jako je neomezen\u00e9 zadr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed a sledov\u00e1n\u00ed bez soudn\u00edho p\u0159\u00edkazu. Je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159edt\u00edm m\u011bli ameri\u010dt\u00ed prezidenti rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 pravomoci k zapojen\u00ed se do vojensk\u00fdch akc\u00ed a faktick\u00e9 v\u00e1lky, a tak utv\u00e1\u0159eli zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politiku bez v\u00fdslovn\u00e9ho souhlasu Kongresu. Vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm v\u00e1gn\u00edch pr\u00e1vn\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f, jako je\u00a0<\/span>rezoluce o v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch pravomoc\u00edch<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, a uplat\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00edm v\u00fdkonn\u00e9 moci prezidenti opakovan\u011b iniciovali konflikty, \u00fatoky dron\u016f (v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b) a tajn\u00e9 operace, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e \u010dasto obch\u00e1zeli \u00fastavn\u00ed roli Kongresu v oblasti vyhla\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00e1lky.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tento trend, od Vietnamu a\u017e po modern\u00ed intervence v S\u00fdrii a Jemenu, centralizuje kontrolu zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politiky v rukou v\u00fdkonn\u00e9 moci, podkop\u00e1v\u00e1 demokratick\u00e9 kontroly a umo\u017e\u0148uje rychl\u00fd, jednostrann\u00fd glob\u00e1ln\u00ed vliv, \u010dasto s dalekos\u00e1hl\u00fdmi d\u016fsledky. Pokud byli ameri\u010dt\u00ed prezidenti \u010dasto do\u010dasn\u00fdmi dikt\u00e1tory (i kdy\u017e byli v\u00e1z\u00e1ni parametry tzv. \u201ehlubok\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu\u201c), zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee Trump se sna\u017e\u00ed, aby se on i budouc\u00ed prezidenti stali dikt\u00e1tor\u0161t\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi i v oblasti dom\u00e1c\u00ed politiky.<\/span><\/p>\n

A\u0165 je to jakkoli, USA ji\u017e v\u00edce ne\u017e 20 let pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed neomezen\u00e9 zadr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed a mu\u010den\u00ed v\u00a0<\/span>z\u00e1livu Guant\u00e1namo<\/span><\/a>\u00a0a v \u201e\u010dern\u00fdch lokalit\u00e1ch\u201c CIA ve v\u00edce ne\u017e 50 zem\u00edch, kde dr\u017e\u00ed tis\u00edce osob, v\u010detn\u011b nezletil\u00fdch, bez \u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9ho procesu, jak odsoudila organizace Human Rights Watch a mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch. Kultura institucionalizovan\u00e9ho mu\u010den\u00ed p\u0159etrv\u00e1v\u00e1: nechvaln\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00e9 \u201e\u00a0<\/span>Mu\u010d\u00edc\u00ed memoranda<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u201c Johna Yoo z roku 2002 ospravedl\u0148ovaly\u00a0<\/span>extr\u00e9mn\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u010diny (v\u010detn\u011b, jak se proslavilo, hypotetick\u00e9ho \u201erozdrcen\u00ed varlat d\u00edt\u011bte dan\u00e9 osoby\u201c, pokud je to nutn\u00e9, co\u017e je postoj, kter\u00fd\u00a0<\/span>znovu potvrdil<\/span><\/a>\u00a0v roce 2010), zat\u00edmco tehdej\u0161\u00ed viceprezident Dick Cheney v roce 2014 obhajoval tup\u00e9 mu\u010den\u00ed. Navzdory slib\u016fm Obamy a Bidena o uzav\u0159en\u00ed Guant\u00e1nama nebyly podniknuty \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed kroky a CIA pokra\u010duje v utajov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f mu\u010den\u00ed, co\u017e USA ozna\u010duje za p\u0159edn\u00edho sv\u011btov\u00e9ho pachatele st\u00e1tem schv\u00e1len\u00e9ho mu\u010den\u00ed a zat\u00fdk\u00e1n\u00ed bez \u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9ho procesu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Z\u00e1kon Patriot Act, p\u0159ijat\u00fd po teroristick\u00fdch \u00fatoc\u00edch z 11. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed v roce 2001, ud\u011blil v\u00fdkonn\u00e9 moci bezprecedentn\u00ed pravomoc, obvykle na \u00fakor ob\u010dansk\u00fdch svobod. Tato opat\u0159en\u00ed, p\u0159ijat\u00e1 pod rou\u0161kou n\u00e1rodn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti, vytvo\u0159ila precedens pro p\u0159esahov\u00e1n\u00ed pravomoc\u00ed v\u00fdkonn\u00e9 moci, kter\u00fd se v pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dasu jen zintenzivnil. Trumpovo prezidentstv\u00ed v\u0161ak p\u0159edstavuje novou \u00farove\u0148 troufalosti a zpochyb\u0148uje samotn\u00e9 diskurzy, kter\u00e9 byly z\u00e1kladem americk\u00e9 identity. Krom\u011b kontroverz\u00ed ohledn\u011b jeho vojensk\u00e9 p\u0159ehl\u00eddky jeho \u010detn\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed odhaluj\u00ed rostouc\u00ed personalizaci moci, kter\u00e1 je v rozporu s americk\u00fdmi samozvan\u00fdmi demokratick\u00fdmi principy.<\/span><\/p>\n

Samotn\u00e1 p\u0159ehl\u00eddka je p\u0159\u00edpadovou studi\u00ed tohoto neliber\u00e1ln\u00edho trendu.\u00a0<\/span>Kritici<\/span><\/a>\u00a0poukazuj\u00ed na to, \u017ee americk\u00e1 arm\u00e1da nem\u011bla v pl\u00e1nu uspo\u0159\u00e1dat podobnou p\u0159ehl\u00eddku b\u011bhem sv\u00e9ho 200. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed v roce 1975, v dob\u011b, kdy jizvy vietnamsk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky a st\u0159elby v Kentu \u010dinily takovou pod\u00edvanou nemyslitelnou. Nyn\u00ed, s Trumpem v \u010dele, nab\u00fdv\u00e1 akce jin\u00e9ho t\u00f3nu. Zapojen\u00ed 28 tank\u016f Abrams, 50 vrtuln\u00edk\u016f a bombard\u00e9ru B-25 z druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky, spolu s v\u00fdsadkov\u00fdm kouskem, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m Zlat\u00ed ryt\u00ed\u0159i arm\u00e1dy p\u0159edaj\u00ed Trumpovi americkou vlajku, se (pro n\u011bkter\u00e9) jev\u00ed sp\u00ed\u0161e jako oslava prezidenta ne\u017e arm\u00e1dy.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tato \u00fadajn\u00e1 personalizace moci nen\u00ed ojedin\u011bl\u00fdm incidentem, ale sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u0161ir\u0161\u00edho vzorce pod Trumpov\u00fdm veden\u00edm. Jak jsem\u00a0<\/span>poznamenal<\/span><\/a>\u00a0v listopadu 2024, Trumpova takzvan\u00e1 v\u00e1lka proti hlubok\u00e9mu st\u00e1tu (nebo jeho \u010d\u00e1stem) se net\u00fdk\u00e1 jen demont\u00e1\u017ee zako\u0159en\u011bn\u00e9 byrokracie, ale ve skute\u010dnosti m\u00e1 hodn\u011b spole\u010dn\u00e9ho s rostouc\u00edmi prezidentsk\u00fdmi pravomocemi. T\u00edm, \u017ee se Trump prezentoval jako ob\u011b\u0165 st\u00ednov\u00e9ho establishmentu, ospravedlnil roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00e9 autority, \u010dasto obch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed syst\u00e9m b\u0159emen a protivah. Vojensk\u00e1 p\u0159ehl\u00eddka tak slou\u017e\u00ed jako symbolick\u00e9 roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed t\u00e9to agendy \u2013 ve\u0159ejn\u00e1 demonstrace kontroly, kter\u00e1 spojuje n\u00e1rodn\u00ed hrdost s osobn\u00ed oslavou. Takov\u00e9 \u010diny nejen naru\u0161uj\u00ed americk\u00e9 samozvan\u00e9 demokratick\u00e9 normy, ale tak\u00e9 zav\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed prvek nep\u0159edv\u00eddatelnosti, kter\u00fd d\u00e1le po\u0161kozuje americkou d\u016fv\u011bryhodnost na glob\u00e1ln\u00ed sc\u00e9n\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zaprv\u00e9, d\u016fsledky pro americkou m\u011bkkou s\u00edlu jsou dostate\u010dn\u011b z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9. Po v\u011bt\u0161inu 20. stolet\u00ed si USA udr\u017eovaly vliv prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm sv\u00e9 kulturn\u00ed a ideologick\u00e9 p\u0159ita\u017elivosti a prezentovaly se jako zast\u00e1nci demokracie a svobody. Americk\u00e1 m\u011bkk\u00e1 s\u00edla v\u0161ak eroduje (sta\u010d\u00ed se pod\u00edvat na\u00a0<\/span>rozpad USAID<\/span><\/a>\u00a0). Nav\u00edc tento \u00fapadek urychluje nevyzpytateln\u00e1 zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politika Trumpovy administrativy. Evrop\u0161t\u00ed diplomat\u00e9 ozna\u010dili jeho nep\u0159edv\u00eddatelnost za destabilizuj\u00edc\u00ed a d\u00e1le oslabuj\u00edc\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00ed vliv USA.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e vojensk\u00e1 p\u0159ehl\u00eddka slou\u017e\u00ed \u2013 by\u0165 ambivalentn\u00edm zp\u016fsobem \u2013 i jako oslava narozenin v\u016fdce, kter\u00fd se n\u011bkdy chov\u00e1 jako autokrat (a\u0165 u\u017e jde nap\u0159\u00edklad o\u00a0jeho p\u0159\u00edstup \u201e\u00a0<\/span>teorie \u0161\u00edlence \u201c k\u00a0<\/span><\/a>z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed p\u00e1ky<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, nebo jen o nevyzpytateln\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed, pokud jde o\u00a0<\/span>cla<\/span><\/a>\u00a0), vys\u00edl\u00e1 to sv\u011btu sign\u00e1l, \u017ee USA ji\u017e nejsou spolehliv\u00fdm spr\u00e1vcem demokratick\u00fdch hodnot \u2013 pokud jimi n\u011bkdy byly. Nejde jen o cenu 45 milion\u016f dolar\u016f. Je to symptom hlub\u0161\u00edho neduhu \u2013 c\u00edsa\u0159 je kone\u010dn\u011b, tak\u0159\u00edkaj\u00edc, nah\u00fd.<\/span><\/p>\n

Abychom to shrnuli, Trumpovy \u010diny, a\u010d odv\u00e1\u017en\u00e9, nejsou jedinou p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou tohoto posunu; jsou samotn\u00fdm vyvrcholen\u00edm desetilet\u00ed eroze demokratick\u00e9 spr\u00e1vy v\u011bc\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch. Jeho osobn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup, se sm\u011bsic\u00ed ega a nep\u0159edv\u00eddatelnosti (nemluv\u011b o brav\u00e1d\u011b), v\u0161ak u\u010dinil neliber\u00e1ln\u00ed obrat USA z\u0159eteln\u011bj\u0161\u00edm ne\u017e kdy d\u0159\u00edve. Bez narativu o \u201elidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1vech\u201c, kter\u00fd by je podporoval (u\u017e za Bidena\u00a0<\/span>upad\u00e1<\/span><\/a>\u00a0), by USA mohly zjistit, \u017ee jejich m\u011bkk\u00e1 s\u00edla je nenapraviteln\u011b oslabena, co\u017e by spojence nechalo zpochyb\u0148ovat jejich veden\u00ed a protivn\u00edky zneu\u017e\u00edvat jejich zranitelnosti. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, \u201eTrumpova p\u0159ehl\u00eddka\u201c ve v\u0161\u00ed sv\u00e9 ok\u00e1zalosti a kontroverzi by mohla znamenat zlomov\u00fd bod \u2013 nejen pro Trump\u016fv odkaz, ale i pro m\u00edsto USA ve sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uriel Araujo, PhD.<\/a> v oboru antropologie, je soci\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u011bdec specializuj\u00edc\u00ed se na etnick\u00e9 a n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 konflikty s rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdm v\u00fdzkumem geopolitick\u00e9 dynamiky a kulturn\u00edch interakc\u00ed<\/em><\/p>\n

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Trumpova nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed vojensk\u00e1 p\u0159ehl\u00eddka v \u010dervnu 2025, kter\u00e1 se shoduje s jeho 79. narozeninami, vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":80343,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,4770,452,37],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/80342"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=80342"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/80342\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/80343"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=80342"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=80342"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=80342"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}