{"id":80295,"date":"2025-06-03T00:20:45","date_gmt":"2025-06-02T22:20:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=80295"},"modified":"2025-06-02T10:35:46","modified_gmt":"2025-06-02T08:35:46","slug":"velky-podvod-s-elektrinou-jak-iluze-levne-vetrne-a-solarni-energie-zvysuje-nase-ucty","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/06\/03\/velky-podvod-s-elektrinou-jak-iluze-levne-vetrne-a-solarni-energie-zvysuje-nase-ucty\/","title":{"rendered":"Velk\u00fd podvod s elekt\u0159inou: Jak iluze levn\u00e9 v\u011btrn\u00e9 a sol\u00e1rn\u00ed energie zvy\u0161uje na\u0161e \u00fa\u010dty"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<p><strong><span>V\u011btrn\u00e9 a sol\u00e1rn\u00ed elektr\u00e1rny m\u00edsto sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fa\u010dt\u016f za elekt\u0159inu nakonec vedou k v\u00fdrazn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm n\u00e1klad\u016fm. Drah\u00e9 z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed syst\u00e9my a naru\u0161en\u00ed trhu maj\u00ed svou cenu. Z\u00e1kazn\u00edci za to plat\u00ed, zat\u00edmco politici oslavuj\u00ed sv\u00e9 \u201ezelen\u00e9 \u00fasp\u011bchy\u201c.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>P\u0159edstavte si, \u017ee sed\u00edte v mraziv\u00e9 zimn\u00ed noci v Texasu v \u00fanoru 2021. V\u00edtr vyje, topen\u00ed hu\u010d\u00ed \u2013 a najednou sv\u011btla blikaj\u00ed.\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>Cena elekt\u0159iny vysko\u010d\u00ed a\u017e na 9 000 dolar\u016f za megawatthodinu. Jak k tomu mohlo doj\u00edt, kdy\u017e n\u00e1m politici a energetick\u00ed lobbist\u00e9 u\u017e l\u00e9ta k\u00e1\u017eou o \u201elevn\u00fdch\u201c z\u00e1zrac\u00edch v\u011btru a slunce?<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0Jak\u00e1 je temn\u00e1 str\u00e1nka energetick\u00fdch trh\u016f?\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/wattsupwiththat.com\/2025\/05\/30\/why-cheaper-wind-and-solar-raise-costs-part-iii-the-problem-with-power-markets\/\"><span>Podle ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 anal\u00fdzy<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0je slib levn\u00e9 obnoviteln\u00e9 energie p\u0159eludem poh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdm kr\u00e1tkodob\u00fdm my\u0161len\u00edm a pochybn\u00fdmi z\u00e1jmy\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"h-die-merit-order-falle-ein-markt-der-versagt-wenn-es-zahlt\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span>Past z\u00e1sluhov\u00e9ho \u0159\u00e1du: Trh, kter\u00fd selh\u00e1v\u00e1, kdy\u017e na n\u011bm z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span>Energetick\u00e9 trhy funguj\u00ed na principu po\u0159ad\u00ed podle z\u00e1sluh: elektr\u00e1rny nab\u00edzej\u00ed sv\u00e9 ceny elekt\u0159iny a zak\u00e1zku z\u00edsk\u00e1vaj\u00ed nejlevn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u2013 \u010dasto siln\u011b dotovan\u00e9 v\u011btrn\u00e9 a sol\u00e1rn\u00ed elektr\u00e1rny. Za slune\u010dn\u00e9ho nebo v\u011btrn\u00e9ho po\u010das\u00ed sni\u017euj\u00ed ceny, co\u017e se jev\u00ed jako dar voln\u00e9ho trhu. Ale tato leskl\u00e1 fas\u00e1da se rozpadne, jakmile slunce zapadne nebo v\u00edtr ustane.\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>V extr\u00e9mn\u00edch situac\u00edch, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad b\u011bhem zimn\u00ed bou\u0159e Uri v Texasu, kdy obnoviteln\u00e9 zdroje energie selhaly, musely zas\u00e1hnout fosiln\u00ed elektr\u00e1rny a ceny explodovaly.<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0Probl\u00e9m spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v drah\u00fdch z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00edch syst\u00e9mech pro \u0161pi\u010dku a v obdob\u00edch n\u00edzk\u00e9 popt\u00e1vky. Trhy s energi\u00ed jsou zam\u011b\u0159eny na kr\u00e1tkodobou efektivitu, nikoli na spolehlivost.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Adam Smithova \u201eneviditeln\u00e1 ruka\u201c m\u016f\u017ee d\u011blat divy na trz\u00edch s jablky nebo auty, ale elekt\u0159ina je jin\u00e1 v\u011bc. Nen\u00ed to b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 zbo\u017e\u00ed \u2013 nikdo se neobejde bez sv\u011btla nebo topen\u00ed jen proto, \u017ee cena stoupne. V\u00fdstavba elektr\u00e1ren vy\u017eaduje miliardy investic a roky pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed, co\u017e blokuje vstup nov\u00fdch dodavatel\u016f na trh. Tlak na \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed a pot\u0159eba zajistit \u201esoci\u00e1ln\u00ed spravedlnost\u201c v\u011bci je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce komplikuj\u00ed. Elekt\u0159ina se li\u0161\u00ed od ostatn\u00edho zbo\u017e\u00ed t\u00edm, \u017ee pot\u0159ebuje okam\u017eit\u011b vyrovn\u00e1vat nab\u00eddku a popt\u00e1vku.\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>Ale m\u00edsto podpory spolehlivosti energetick\u00e9 trhy odm\u011b\u0148uj\u00ed nejlevn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed dod\u00e1vky elekt\u0159iny \u2013 a nech\u00e1vaj\u00ed n\u00e1s sed\u011bt v chladu.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"h-ein-netz-aus-markten-gewoben-aus-illusionen\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span>S\u00ed\u0165 trh\u016f utkan\u00e1 z iluz\u00ed<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span>Aby se zakryly slabiny syst\u00e9mu podle z\u00e1sluh, energetick\u00e9 trhy vytvo\u0159ily labyrint dal\u0161\u00edch struktur: kapacitn\u00ed trhy, kter\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rn\u00e1m plat\u00ed za pohotovostn\u00ed re\u017eim, vyrovn\u00e1vac\u00ed trhy s energi\u00ed pro stabilitu s\u00edt\u011b a vnitrodenn\u00ed trhy pro kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9 \u00fapravy. Ale tyto konstrukce jsou drah\u00e9 om\u00edtky pro syst\u00e9m postaven\u00fd na p\u00edsku. V\u011btrn\u00e9 a sol\u00e1rn\u00ed elektr\u00e1rny sotva p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed k z\u00e1kladn\u00edm slu\u017eb\u00e1m, jako je regulace frekvence, a proto mus\u00ed b\u00fdt drah\u00e9 fosiln\u00ed elektr\u00e1rny udr\u017eov\u00e1ny v rezerv\u011b.\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>B\u011bhem kalifornsk\u00e9 elekt\u0159inov\u00e9 krize v roce 2020 se projevila slabost t\u011bchto trh\u016f: cenov\u00e9 prudk\u00e9 n\u00e1r\u016fsty a mezery v dod\u00e1vk\u00e1ch navzdory masivn\u00edm investic\u00edm do obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f energie.<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0Tyto slo\u017eit\u00e9 tr\u017en\u00ed struktury up\u0159ednost\u0148uj\u00ed kr\u00e1tkodobou efektivitu p\u0159ed dlouhodobou spolehlivost\u00ed. Kdo z tohoto syst\u00e9mu t\u011b\u017e\u00ed? Mo\u017en\u00e1 elity, kter\u00e9 propaguj\u00ed zelen\u00e9 narativy, zat\u00edmco spot\u0159ebitel\u00e9 plat\u00ed \u00fa\u010det.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>P\u0159edstavte si burzovn\u00edho makl\u00e9\u0159e, kter\u00fd v\u00e1m v 90 procentech p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f slibuje zisky, ale ne\u0159ekne v\u00e1m, \u017ee zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch 10 procent m\u016f\u017ee zni\u010dit va\u0161e \u00faspory. P\u0159esn\u011b to se d\u011bje s v\u011btrnou a sol\u00e1rn\u00ed energi\u00ed: V \u201eklidn\u00fdch\u201c \u010dasech jsou levn\u00e9, ale ve vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch, ale drah\u00fdch \u201etu\u010dn\u00fdch\u201c momentech \u2013 jako jsou bou\u0159e nebo vlny veder \u2013 zvy\u0161uj\u00ed n\u00e1klady. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00fd penzijn\u00ed fond by nep\u0159ijal strategii, kter\u00e1 ignoruje katastrofick\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty.\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>Politici a lobbist\u00e9 ale chv\u00e1l\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 n\u00e1klady na obnoviteln\u00e9 zdroje energie, zat\u00edmco ignoruj\u00ed z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed syst\u00e9my za miliardy dolar\u016f.<\/span><\/strong><span> Je to naivita, nebo \u00famysln\u00fd krok k oslav\u011b kr\u00e1tkodob\u00fdch politick\u00fdch v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed?<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"h-der-globale-beweis-grune-traume-teure-realitat\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span>Glob\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u016fkaz: Zelen\u00e9 sny, drah\u00e1 realita<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span>Pod\u00edvejme se na N\u011bmecko, pr\u016fkopn\u00edka \u201eenergetick\u00e9 transformace\u201c. D\u00edky masivn\u00edm investic\u00edm do v\u011btrn\u00e9 a sol\u00e1rn\u00ed energie dos\u00e1hla zem\u011b v roce 2024 cen elekt\u0159iny a\u017e 40 cent\u016f za kilowatthodinu \u2013 nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edch v Evrop\u011b. Kalifornie se \u0159\u00edd\u00ed podobnou cestou: \u010d\u00edm v\u00edce obnoviteln\u00e9 energie, t\u00edm dra\u017e\u0161\u00ed \u00fa\u010det. Naproti tomu zem\u011b jako Francie, kter\u00e9 se spol\u00e9haj\u00ed na jadernou energii a plyn, udr\u017euj\u00ed sv\u00e9 ceny stabiln\u00ed.\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>Energetick\u00e9 trhy \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 ideologi\u00ed \u201elevn\u00fdch\u201c obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f ob\u011btuj\u00ed spolehlivost ve prosp\u011bch kr\u00e1tkodob\u00fdch zisk\u016f.<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0Je to jako stav\u011bt s\u00eddlo bez z\u00e1klad\u016f \u2013 p\u016fsobiv\u00e9, dokud nep\u0159ijde bou\u0159e.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Koncem 90. let oslavovali politici ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech deregulaci energetick\u00fdch trh\u016f jako triumf svobodn\u00e9 volby. Velc\u00ed pr\u016fmyslov\u00ed odb\u011bratel\u00e9 si nyn\u00ed mohli vybrat sv\u00e9 dodavatele elekt\u0159iny a t\u011b\u017eit z levn\u00fdch nov\u00fdch plynov\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren. \u00daspory v\u0161ak nepoch\u00e1zely z trhu, ale z technologick\u00e9ho pokroku \u2013 a n\u00e1klady se p\u0159enesly na dom\u00e1cnosti a mal\u00e9 podniky.\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>Tyto \u201etr\u017en\u00ed\u201c \u00fasp\u011bchy byly iluz\u00ed, z n\u00ed\u017e profitovali bohat\u00ed, zat\u00edmco platila \u0161irok\u00e1 ve\u0159ejnost.<\/span><\/strong><span> Dnes vid\u00edme podobnou hru: slib levn\u00fdch obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f energie zakr\u00fdv\u00e1, kdo nese skute\u010dn\u00e9 n\u00e1klady.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Energetick\u00e9 trhy nejsou v\u0161el\u00e9kem, ale dvouse\u010dnou zbran\u00ed. Podporuj\u00ed iluzi levn\u00e9 energie a z\u00e1rove\u0148 podkop\u00e1vaj\u00ed spolehlivost, kterou ekonomika p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pot\u0159ebuje. Robustn\u00ed energetick\u00fd syst\u00e9m vy\u017eaduje n\u00e1vrat ke strategick\u00e9mu pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 kombinuje trhy se spolehlivost\u00ed \u2013 ne\u017e n\u00e1s dal\u0161\u00ed bou\u0159e znovu zanech\u00e1 ve tm\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1185\" src=\"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/kuryr-podpis.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"84\" height=\"24\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V\u011btrn\u00e9 a sol\u00e1rn\u00ed elektr\u00e1rny m\u00edsto sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fa\u010dt\u016f za elekt\u0159inu nakonec vedou k v\u00fdrazn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm n\u00e1klad\u016fm&#8230;.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":80296,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[45,2577,3178,6298,2864],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/80295"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=80295"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/80295\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/80296"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=80295"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=80295"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=80295"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}