{"id":80023,"date":"2025-05-30T05:58:09","date_gmt":"2025-05-30T03:58:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=80023"},"modified":"2025-05-30T05:58:09","modified_gmt":"2025-05-30T03:58:09","slug":"francie-schvalila-zakon-o-pravu-na-smrt","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2025\/05\/30\/francie-schvalila-zakon-o-pravu-na-smrt\/","title":{"rendered":"Francie schv\u00e1lila z\u00e1kon o pr\u00e1vu na smrt"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Kritici varuj\u00ed, \u017ee zraniteln\u00ed lid\u00e9 se mohou c\u00edtit pod tlakem, aby ukon\u010dili sv\u016fj \u017eivot<\/h3>\n

Doln\u00ed komora francouzsk\u00e9ho parlamentu schv\u00e1lila kontroverzn\u00ed n\u00e1vrh z\u00e1kona o legalizaci asistovan\u00e9 smrti pro dosp\u011bl\u00e9 s nevyl\u00e9\u010diteln\u00fdmi nemocemi, a to uprost\u0159ed hlubok\u00fdch rozpor\u016f v zemi se siln\u00fdmi katolick\u00fdmi tradicemi.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00e1rodn\u00ed shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed hlasovalo pro n\u00e1vrh z\u00e1kona, kter\u00fd podporuje prezident Emmanuel Macron, v pom\u011bru 305 ku 199. N\u00e1vrh z\u00e1kona nyn\u00ed postupuje do Sen\u00e1tu a vr\u00e1t\u00ed se do doln\u00ed komory k druh\u00e9mu \u010dten\u00ed. Jeho zast\u00e1nci doufaj\u00ed, \u017ee se do roku 2027 stane z\u00e1konem.<\/span><\/p>\n

Francie v sou\u010dasnosti povoluje takzvanou pasivn\u00ed eutanazii \u2013 nap\u0159\u00edklad odpojen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f \u2013 a hlubokou sedaci p\u0159ed smrt\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Podle n\u00e1vrhu z\u00e1kona by pacienti mohli po\u017e\u00e1dat o smrt\u00edc\u00ed l\u00e9ky, kter\u00e9 by si vzali sami, nebo pokud by toho nebyli fyzicky schopni, nechali by jim je podat l\u00e9ka\u0159 \u010di zdravotn\u00ed sestra. Museli by b\u00fdt star\u0161\u00ed 18 let, m\u00edt francouzsk\u00e9 ob\u010danstv\u00ed nebo trval\u00fd pobyt a trp\u011bt nevratn\u00fdm, pokro\u010dil\u00fdm nebo termin\u00e1ln\u00edm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm zp\u016fsobuj\u00edc\u00edm neust\u00e1lou a nel\u00e9\u010ditelnou bolest. Lid\u00e9 s t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdmi psychiatrick\u00fdmi onemocn\u011bn\u00edmi nebo neurodegenerativn\u00edmi onemocn\u011bn\u00edmi, jako je Alzheimerova choroba, by na n\u011b nem\u011bli n\u00e1rok.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00fd t\u00fdm by posoudil ka\u017ed\u00fd p\u0159\u00edpad. Po ur\u010dit\u00e9 dob\u011b rozmy\u0161len\u00ed by pacient mohl l\u00e9k dost\u00e1vat doma, v pe\u010dovatelsk\u00e9m dom\u011b nebo zdravotnick\u00e9m za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vl\u00e1da popsala n\u00e1vrh z\u00e1kona jako\u00a0<\/span>\u201eetickou reakci na pot\u0159ebu podporovat nemocn\u00e9 a trp\u00edc\u00ed\u201c a<\/span><\/em>\u00a0ozna\u010dila jej za\u00a0<\/span>\u201eani nov\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo, ani svobodu\u2026 ale rovnov\u00e1hu mezi respektem a osobn\u00ed autonomi\u00ed\u201c.<\/span><\/em>\u00a0Macron hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed ozna\u010dil za\u00a0<\/span>\u201ed\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd krok\u201c<\/span><\/em>\u00a0k hum\u00e1nn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu p\u0159\u00edstupu k p\u00e9\u010di na konci \u017eivota.<\/span><\/p>\n

Samostatn\u00fd n\u00e1vrh z\u00e1kona, kter\u00fd zav\u00e1d\u00ed pr\u00e1vo na paliativn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di, pro\u0161el bez odporu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Francouzsk\u00fd n\u00e1vrh by byl omezuj\u00edc\u00ed ne\u017e z\u00e1kony v zem\u00edch, jako je Belgie nebo Nizozemsko, kde je eutanazie \u2013 p\u0159i n\u00ed\u017e l\u00e9ka\u0159i na \u017e\u00e1dost pacienta aplikuj\u00ed smrt\u00edc\u00ed injekci \u2013 leg\u00e1ln\u00ed od roku 2002 a je roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ena i na nezletil\u00e9. Podobn\u00e9 z\u00e1kony existuj\u00ed ve \u0160pan\u011blsku, Portugalsku, Lucembursku, Kanad\u011b, Austr\u00e1lii a Kolumbii. L\u00e9ka\u0159sky asistovan\u00e1 sebevra\u017eda, kdy si pacienti sami vezmou p\u0159edepsan\u00e9 smrt\u00edc\u00ed l\u00e9ky, je leg\u00e1ln\u00ed ve \u0160v\u00fdcarsku a n\u011bkolika st\u00e1tech USA.<\/span><\/p>\n

Aktivist\u00e9 za pr\u00e1vo na smrt z\u00e1kon uv\u00edtali, a\u010dkoli ho popsali jako relativn\u011b skromn\u00e9ho rozsahu.\u00a0<\/span>\u201eNa to jsme \u010dekali cel\u00e1 desetilet\u00ed,\u201c<\/span><\/em>\u00a0\u0159ekl St\u00e9phane Gemmani ze sdru\u017een\u00ed ADMD.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kritici varuj\u00ed, \u017ee definice jsou p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 \u0161irok\u00e9 a potenci\u00e1ln\u011b umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed asistovan\u00e9 um\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed pacient\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed by mohli \u017e\u00edt roky. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed se ob\u00e1vaj\u00ed, \u017ee by n\u00e1vrh z\u00e1kona mohl podkopat l\u00e9ka\u0159skou etiku, naru\u0161it standardy p\u00e9\u010de a vystavit zraniteln\u00e9 osoby jemn\u00e9mu tlaku na smrt.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eBylo by to jako nabit\u00e1 pistole polo\u017een\u00e1 na no\u010dn\u00edm stolku,\u201c<\/span><\/em>\u00a0\u0159ekla podle BBC 44let\u00e1 \u017eena s Parkinsonovou chorobou na protestu p\u0159ed parlamentem.<\/span><\/p>\n

Francouz\u0161t\u00ed n\u00e1bo\u017een\u0161t\u00ed v\u016fdci tento m\u011bs\u00edc vydali spole\u010dn\u00e9 prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed, v n\u011bm\u017e odsuzuj\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>\u201enebezpe\u010d\u00ed\u201c<\/span><\/em>\u00a0\u201eantropologick\u00e9ho rozkolu\u00a0<\/span>\u201c.<\/span><\/em>\u00a0Ministr vnitra Bruno Retailleau tento t\u00fdden na serveru X napsal, \u017ee se\u00a0<\/span>nejedn\u00e1 o \u201ez\u00e1kon o bratrstv\u00ed, ale o z\u00e1kon o opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed\u201c.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kritici varuj\u00ed, \u017ee zraniteln\u00ed lid\u00e9 se mohou c\u00edtit pod tlakem, aby ukon\u010dili sv\u016fj \u017eivot Doln\u00ed…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":80024,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[3714,130,609],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/80023"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=80023"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/80023\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/80024"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=80023"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=80023"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=80023"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}